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专题11 8BU3-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用）
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这是一份专题11 8BU3-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用），共17页。
专题11 8BU3-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括
及易错题分析
单元话题
Online tours
Reading
重点词汇、词组和句型
Grammar
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
知识点囊括
一、重点词组、句型
1．It looks like a TV.（P34）
look like意为“看起来像”（指长相，即可指人也可指物），like是介词，意为“像，如…一样”，后接名词或代词作宾语。
eg. The man looks like our English teacher.
eg. The strange thing looks like a plate.
区分： What do/dose sb. look like? 问长相=How do/does sb. look?
What be sb. like? 问品质
What do/does sb. like? 问喜好
2．I agree. （P34）
agree 用作不及物动词，意为“同意”。
例如：I don’t agree.
3.send and receive emails.（P35）
①send此处作及物动词，意为“送，发送，寄出”
send sth. to sb.= send sb. sth. 把某物寄给/送给某人
例如： I’ll send my grandfather a hat on his birthday.= I’ll send a hat to my grandfather on his birthday.
②receive及物动词，意为“收到，接到”
例如： receive e-mails接收邮件
Did you receive the letter from your pen pal？
receive
收到，接到
强调客观上收到
accept
接受
强调主观上接受
eg. I received a bunch of flower, but i didn't accept it.
4.I usually use it to search for information. （P35）
①use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，相当于use sth. for doing sth.
例如： They use the sun to heat water.=They use the sun for heating water.
②search用作不及物动词，意为“搜寻，寻找”
例如： It was too dark to search further.
③search for意为“搜寻，寻找”，相当于look for，后面跟要找的对象作宾语
5.Have you noticed the “Tour” icon at the top of the page. （P36）
Noticed是动词notice的过去分词。Notice此处用作及物动词，意为“注意，注意到”。notice后接名词，也可接从句。
例如：Did you notice the man in black？
I noticed that you had made great progress.
6.Further on is Times Square. （P 37）
further在此作副词，意为“更远，较远”。，是far的比较级。
例如：He walks a little further.
further
副词
指在距离方面“更远，较远”
She’s too tired to go any further.
她太累了以至于不能再往前走了。
形容词
表示抽象意义，指程度上“更多，更进一步，更深一层”
If you need any further help，please call us.
如果你需要进一步的帮助，请给我们打电话。
Many parents send their children to foreign countries for further study. 很多家长送孩子去国外深造。
farther
形容词/副词
只表示距离上“更远，较远”
I can’t go any further.我再也走不动了。
7.Every year， thousands of people gather here on New Year’s Eve. （P37）
Thousands of意为“成千上万的，数以千计的”。在表示“成百上千的”“成千上万的”“数以百万的”等不确切的数量时，用hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万）等词的复数形式加介词of。此时前面不能再加基数词或冠词。
例如：Thousands of people came to the island last year.
The boy has read hundreds of books.
8.It’s exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness. （P37）
①huge形容词，意为“巨大的”。
例如：There is a huge building near the river.
huge
一般表示体积大，常用于指程度、数量、规模等，不强调重量
big
指面积、范围、重量或体积等是“大的”，常用于口语中，修饰人或物
large
侧重指数量、容积、体积或面积之大，一般不用于指人。修饰物时，能和big互换，但比big正式
great
常指抽象的事物，带有主观色彩。可表示数量、距离、距离或程度，修饰人时，意为“伟大的”
②fall（fell，fallen）用作不及物动词，意为“落下，跌落”
例如：One of the birds fell into the river.
9.With several lakes, hills and a large green lawn, it’s a good place to relax after a hard day’s work. （P37）
①句中的with several lakes，hills and a large green lawn为介词短语，with的意思是“带有；伴随”。
②several此处用作形容词，意为“几个，数个”。several修饰可数名词复数形式。
③relax此处用作不及物动词，意为“放松”，它也可以作及物动词。动词三单：relaxes ，Relax 的形容词为relaxing意为“令人放松的”(修饰物)，relaxed意为“感到放松的”(修饰人)。
例如： You can relax by listening to music.
I felt relaxed after watching the relaxing TV play.
④hard此处用作形容词，意为“辛苦的，艰难的”。
例如： They did hard work every day.
10.It has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century. （P37）
①be famous for意为“因…而著名”，后接表示人或事物某方面的特点、特长等的名词。
例如：Mr. White is famous for his novels.
拓展 be famous as意为“作为…而闻名”，后接表示身份、职业等的名词
be famous to sb. 对于......很出名，被......所熟知
eg. He is famous to the people all over the world.他被全世界的人所熟知.
②the early twentieth century意为“20世纪初期”。表示“20世纪晚期”用the late twentieth century
11.a play filled with many songs（P38）
①play此处用作可数名词， 意为“戏剧，剧本”
例如： Some people don’t like watching plays.
②be filled with是固定短语，意为“装满…；充满…”，其中filled是动词fill的过去分词。fill意为“填满，充满”，它的形容词形式为full（满的），fill与full的反义词都是empty（倒空；空的）。be filled with相当于be full of ，其主语通常为物。
例如： The cup is filled with water.=The cup is full of water.
拓展 fill…with… 意为 “用…把…装满”
例如： Please fill my cup with water.
12.Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport. （P42）
①此处dreamt是dream的过去分词， dream此处用作动词。
dream用作动词时，主要有以下含义：
（1）做梦，梦见，梦到（常和of/about连用）
例如： I dreamt of/about you.
（2）向往；渴望；想象
例如： That boy dreams of becoming a pilot.
②travel around the world环游世界
③without介词，意为“没有”，之后要接名词、代词或动名词。由它构成的介词短语常位于句首或句末作状语。
例如：Man can’t live without water.
13.Yes, you can realize your dream by taking an online tour. （P42）
by taking an online tour意为“通过进行一次在线旅行”，by此处表示“通过…,靠…的方式”，后面常接动词的-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式获得某种结果”
例如： My elder sister learns English by joining an English language club.
They raised some money by selling newspapers and Christmas cards.
14.To learn about a city... （P43）
learn about意为“了解，获悉”
例如： I want to learn about the earthquake.
15.Australian seasons are the opposite of ours.（P44）
opposite此处用作名词，意为“对立的人或物”
例如： Hot is the opposite of cold.
词性
用法
例句
介词
“在…对面”，相当于across from，常与名词一起构成介词短语，表方位
They live opposite the bank.他们住在银行对面。
形容词
另一边的，对面的；相反的
We lived on the opposite side of the road.我们住在马路对面。
副词
在对面
There’s an old man living opposite.有一个老人住在对面。
名词
“相反的人或物，对立面”，常与介词of 一起使用
“Tall” is the opposite of “short”.
16.Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour？.（P 44）
①Would you mind doing sth…?意为“你介意做某事吗？”，多用来提出客气的请求。
例如： Would you mind closing the door？
②how to start this online tour作动词show的宾语。“疑问词+动词不定式”
结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语成分。
例如： When to start is a problem.
He hasn’t decided what to eat for lunch.
17.My pleasure.（P 44）
My pleasure用于回答别人的道歉，意为“不客气”。Pleasure名词，意为“快乐；乐趣；愉快”
例如：--Thanks for helping me.
--My pleasure.
18.It is made up of English, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.（P47）
Be made up of意为“由…组成”
例如： The basketball team is made up of 12 players.
拓展
①be made in意为“在…制造”
例如： This kind of machine is made in China.
②be made of意为“由…制成的（能看出原材料）”
例如： The desk is made of wood.
③be made from意为“由…制成（看不出原材料）”
例如： We all know that paper is made from wood.
19.Morever, remember that people use pounds there, not RMB or dollars.（P47）
remember此处用作及物动词，意为“记着，记住”
例如： Please remember the story.
remember to do sth.
记得去做某事（此事还未做）
I remember to post his letter.我记得要为他寄信。
remember doing sth.
记得已做过某事（此事已做完）
I remember posting his letter.我记得为他寄过信。
二、语法Grammar
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
1）在完成时强调的是与现在的关系，对现在产生的结果或影响等，属于现在时范围，谈论的是现在的情况；
一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系，现在情况可能已发生变化。
2）时间状语的区别
时态
时间状语
一般过去时
yesterday, the other day (= a few days ago), last…, … ago, the day before yesterday, just now, in +过去时间
现在完成时
already, ever, just, recently, (not) yet, so far (迄今为止), up to now, till now, since, never, before
现在完成时五大句型：
1) It’s +一段时间+since…(或It has been +一段时间+since…)
例题：( )Mr. Green __________in Nanjing since his family __________to China 10 years ago.
A. has lived, has moved B. lived, moved C. lived, has moved D. has lived, moved
【答案】D
2) This is the +形容词最高级+ 名词+ that +从句（从句用现在完成时）
3) Where have you been?
4) There have/ has been …
e.g.: There have been great changes to my hometown in the past two years.
5) It is the first / second/… time that+从句（从句用现在完成时）
注意：when不与现在完成时连用
三、词组归纳
1） use the computer to search for information 用电脑查找资料
2） send and receive emails 收发电子邮件
3） the world-famous trade centre 世界闻名的贸易中心
4） a good place to relax after a hard day’s work 一天辛勤的工作后
= a good place to relax after working hard for a day 一个休闲的好去处
5) so much for … 关于…就讲这么多，…到此为止
6) at the top/bottom of the page 在这一页的顶部/底部
7) dream of travelling around the world without a passport 梦想不带护照环游世界
8) show me an online tour of the USA 给我看一次网上美国之旅
9) take you to different places around the world 带你到全世界不同的地方去
10) on the south-east coast of Australia 在澳大利亚的东南海岸
11) a wonderful building called the Sydney Opera House 一座名叫悉尼歌剧院的建筑物
12) look like a ship with many sails 看上去像一艘扬帆的船
13) be made up of … 由……组成
14) the capital city 首都城市
15) learn a lot about the world’s culture 了解许多有关世界文化的事
16) have many places of natural beauty 有许多自然美景
17. “the Big Apple”—New York, the biggest city in the USA “大苹果”—纽约
18. at the southern end of … 在…的最南端
19. Further on is Times Square. 再往前走是时报广场
20. on New Year’s Eve every year 在每年的新年前夜
21. a country with a long history 具有悠久历史的国家
22. be famous for its museums 以它的博物馆而出名
23. be famous as an island country 作为一个岛国而出名
24. learn a lot about the world’s culture 精通世界文化
25. book tickets and hotels online 网上订票和旅馆
26. use English in daily communication 在日常交际中使用英语
27. realize your dream by taking an online tour 通过在线旅游来实现你的梦想
28. visit many places of great interest 参观许多名胜
29. a play filled with many songs 充满(带有)许多首歌曲的戏剧
30. travel around the world in eight hours 八小时环游全球
31. click on it (the icon) 点击它
32. visit Asia, Africa, Europe and America 游览亚洲、非洲、欧洲和美洲
33. thousands of people 数以千计的人们
34. search for information on the Internet 在互联网上搜寻信息
35. use the computer to send and receive emails 使用电脑收发电子邮件
四、句型归纳
1) It(Broadway) has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century.
百老汇自从20世纪早期就因剧院而出名。
2) It’s exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness.
看巨大的玻璃球在夜幕中徐徐落下真是令人激动。
3) Australian seasons are the opposite of ours. 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。
4) Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour? Of course not. 你介意演示给我看如何开始这次网上旅行吗？当然不。
5) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, also called the UK, is an island country. 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，又名英国，是个岛国。
6) There are many palaces and castles in this old European country.
在这个古老的欧洲国家有许多宫殿和城堡。
7) It is sunny one minute, but rainy the next, so prepare for it before you go there.
天气阴晴不定，所以去那之前要作好准备。
8) The UK is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
英国由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。
9) The best time to visit the UK is from May to September.
游览英国的最好时间是五月到九月。
10) Have you ever heard of the song “Memory”? 你曾经听说过《回忆》这首歌吗？
It comes from the famous Broadway musical Cats. 它来自于著名的百老汇音乐剧《猫》。
易错题分析
语法部分：
一、单选
1. You can improve your English _____________ practicing more.
A. by B. with C. of D. in
2. --Frank, you look worried, anything wrong?
-- Well, I __________ a test and I am waiting for the result.
A. will take B. took C. am taking D. take
3. It_________ me about 10 days _______ painting the walls.
A. took; to finish B. cost; finishing C. took; finishing D. spent; to finish
4. -- I like the dress, but I am _______________ I haven’t got enough money.
-- Don’t worry. I don’t mind ___________ you some if you like.
A. afraid; lending B. glad; lending C. afraid; to lend D. glad; to lend
5. Sandy feels unhappy because nobody seems to __________ her progress.
A. notice B. look C. watch D. read
6.—How well do you know the Opera House?
—I know the place very well. I ____ Sydney many times.
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have arrived in
7. —Where is Jack? I haven’t seen him for a long time.
—He ______ HK with his family. I think he is having a wonderful time there.
A. went to B. was in C. has gone to D. has been to
8. —Oh, I’m sorry for being late.
—It doesn’t matter. The film for just five minutes.
A. started B. has started C. has been on D. had been on
9. —Look at these stamps. I them for five years.
—Wow, they are wonderful.
A. kept B. have kept C. have bought D. Keep
10. --Mike, why are you watching TV again?
--I ______my homework.
A.finish B.finished C.have finished D.had finished
【答案】ABAAA BCCBC
二、动词填空
1. We_________(leave) Beijing for New York by plane at nine and have arrived now.
2. ---___________your brother________(go) to Beijing with you tomorrow?
---No, he's not at home. He___________ (go) to Shanghai.
3. Look, she __________(cry)! What____________ (happen) to her?
4. He ___________(not leave) Wuxi since his wife__________(die) five years ago.
5. ---Why not see the film with me?
---I ___________(see)the film. I__________ (see) it last week with my sister.
6. He likes football very much and often dreams of__________ (play) football.
7. Nobody saw him____________(leave) the meeting room. Is he still there?
8. ---I called you last night, but there was no answer.
---I_____________(take) a shower then.
9. They won't play basketball outside until the rain____________(stop).
10. What a surprise! I_____________(not know) you would be back today.
【答案】
left Will go;has gone is crying;has happened hasn’t left;died
have seen;saw playing leave was taking stops didn’t know
词汇句型部分：
一、用所给词的正确形式填空
1. -- Have you ______ (hear) that Margaret Thatcher (撒切尔夫人) passed away in April, 2013?
-- Yes. I think it’s a great loss.
2. -- Is your father at home?
-- No, I’m afraid he ____________(go) out.
3. Miss Lee (teach) us English since she came here three years ago.
4. -- Is everybody here?
-- No, sir. Jim _______________(not arrive) yet. He is still on the way.
5. There ___________(not be) much snow here in the past three years.
6. The old computer _______(break) down easily, so I had to restart it again and again.
7.-- Why are you so happy today?
-- Because I _____(win)the badminton match yesterday.
8. Yesterday I （buy）a new dress at the Macy’s for my mum.
9. The audience _______(clap) and screamed with joy after the last performance ended.
【答案】
1-5 heard; has gone; has taught; hasn’t arrived; hasn’t been;
6-10 broke; won; bought; clapped
二、根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当的形式填空。
gather, several, island, huge, south, pick, trade
1. WTO stands for World ______ Organization.
2. Now _____ another city, try to start your online tour.
3. _____ students are standing under the tall tree.
4. Guangzhou is a big city in the ________ part of China.
5. The driver had to stop his car because a ________ stone was in the road.
6. Hainan_____ is the second biggest one in China.
7. Old people like____ in the park to do sport in the morning.
【答案】Trade; pick; Several; southern; huge; Island; gathering
三、翻译句子
1.我们的英语老师正在办公室里接寻她丢失的键盘。
Our English teacher ____________________________________________________________.
2.你们班级由几个小组组成?
How many ___________________________________________________________________?
3.故宫自从19世纪早期就由于它令人惊叹的宫殿而闻名。
The Palace Museum ___________________________________________________________.
4.那个在城市最南端的商店已经开张多久了?
How long___________________________________________________________________?
5.有时候书本中的生活和我们的日常生活是相反的。
Sometimes the life in books_____________________________________________________.
6.你曾经梦想过成为一名举世闻名的作家吗?
___________________________________________________________________________?
【答案】
1. is searching the office for her lost keyboard
2. groups is your class made up of
3. has been famous for its amazing palaces since the early nineteenth century
4. has the shop at the southern end of the city been open
5. is the opposite of our daily lives
6. Have you ever dreamed of being a world-famous writer
四、单项选择
1.That’s an____________river and we can't swim across it.
A.800-foot-wide B.800-feet-wide C.800 foot wide D. 800 feet wide
2.She found her lost car.__________________she had.
A. What a good luck B. What good luck C. How good luck D. How good the luck
3.The police____________the robbers the whole morning, but none is found now.
A. searched B. searched for C. was searching for D. were searching for
4.We find___________not easy_________fifty English words in one day.
A.that; to remember B.it; to remember C. that; remember D. it; remember
5. ---I hear your father__________to Japan once.
--- Yes. He____________there last year.
A. went; has gone B. has been; went C. has gone; went D. has been; has been
6. ---Have you finished your homework____________?
---Yes, we've done that___________.
A. already; yet B. yet; already C. before; later D. later; before
7. __________the game sound____________ ?
A. Is; interesting B. Is; interested C. Does; interesting D.Does; interested
8.Would you please____________the price of the ticket?
A. find B. look for C. find out D. look
9.We all feel___________ with his_____________talk.
A. bored; boring B. boring; bored C. bored; bored D. boring; boring
10.---What does the moon___________tonight? ---A plate.
A. look B. look at C. look like D. look for
11. Sue was unhappy because she__________the concert given by her favourite singer.
A. misses B. missed C. has missed D. was missing
12.When they walked along the river, they suddenly heard somebody__________for help.
A. called B. call C. to call D. calling
13. --- Have you_________driven a car? ---No,___________.
A. ever, never B. already; ever C. before; yet D. just; yet
14.---Did you have a good May Day holiday?
---___________. I enjoyed myself with my family on the beach.
A. I'm afraid not B. I'm not sure C. Of course D. I hope so
【答案】ABDBB BCCAC BDAC
五、根据句意用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. -- How are you today?
-- Oh, I __________ (not feel) as well as I do now for a long time.
2. -- Lin Kai, hand in your homework, please.
--Oh, sorry. I __________ (leave) it at home this morning.
3. I ________ (get) to know my friend Jim ten years ago. We __________ (be) friends since then.
4. I ________(send) him a text message an hour ago, but he ____________ (reply)to me yet.
5. This is the second time that I ________ (get) the Most Helpful Student Award.
6. If you __________ (click) on it, you _________ (see) some photos of the city.
7. I don’t think I _____________ (take) an online tour in two hours.
8. Do you know the girl _________ (call) Lily?
9. Would you mind my _______ (open) the window for you?
10. I want to improve my English by _________ (read) more.
【答案】
1. haven’t felt; 2. left; 3. got; have been; 4. sent; hasn’t replied; 5. have got;
6. click; will see; 7. will take; 8. called; 9. opening; 10. reading
专题11 8BU3-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括
及易错题分析
单元话题
Online tours
Reading
重点词汇、词组和句型
Grammar
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
知识点囊括
一、重点词组、句型
1．It looks like a TV.（P34）
look like意为“看起来像”（指长相，即可指人也可指物），like是介词，意为“像，如…一样”，后接名词或代词作宾语。
eg. The man looks like our English teacher.
eg. The strange thing looks like a plate.
区分： What do/dose sb. look like? 问长相=How do/does sb. look?
What be sb. like? 问品质
What do/does sb. like? 问喜好
2．I agree. （P34）
agree 用作不及物动词，意为“同意”。
例如：I don’t agree.
3.send and receive emails.（P35）
①send此处作及物动词，意为“送，发送，寄出”
send sth. to sb.= send sb. sth. 把某物寄给/送给某人
例如： I’ll send my grandfather a hat on his birthday.= I’ll send a hat to my grandfather on his birthday.
②receive及物动词，意为“收到，接到”
例如： receive e-mails接收邮件
Did you receive the letter from your pen pal？
receive
收到，接到
强调客观上收到
accept
接受
强调主观上接受
eg. I received a bunch of flower, but i didn't accept it.
4.I usually use it to search for information. （P35）
①use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，相当于use sth. for doing sth.
例如： They use the sun to heat water.=They use the sun for heating water.
②search用作不及物动词，意为“搜寻，寻找”
例如： It was too dark to search further.
③search for意为“搜寻，寻找”，相当于look for，后面跟要找的对象作宾语
5.Have you noticed the “Tour” icon at the top of the page. （P36）
Noticed是动词notice的过去分词。Notice此处用作及物动词，意为“注意，注意到”。notice后接名词，也可接从句。
例如：Did you notice the man in black？
I noticed that you had made great progress.
6.Further on is Times Square. （P 37）
further在此作副词，意为“更远，较远”。，是far的比较级。
例如：He walks a little further.
further
副词
指在距离方面“更远，较远”
She’s too tired to go any further.
她太累了以至于不能再往前走了。
形容词
表示抽象意义，指程度上“更多，更进一步，更深一层”
If you need any further help，please call us.
如果你需要进一步的帮助，请给我们打电话。
Many parents send their children to foreign countries for further study. 很多家长送孩子去国外深造。
farther
形容词/副词
只表示距离上“更远，较远”
I can’t go any further.我再也走不动了。
7.Every year， thousands of people gather here on New Year’s Eve. （P37）
Thousands of意为“成千上万的，数以千计的”。在表示“成百上千的”“成千上万的”“数以百万的”等不确切的数量时，用hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万）等词的复数形式加介词of。此时前面不能再加基数词或冠词。
例如：Thousands of people came to the island last year.
The boy has read hundreds of books.
8.It’s exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness. （P37）
①huge形容词，意为“巨大的”。
例如：There is a huge building near the river.
huge
一般表示体积大，常用于指程度、数量、规模等，不强调重量
big
指面积、范围、重量或体积等是“大的”，常用于口语中，修饰人或物
large
侧重指数量、容积、体积或面积之大，一般不用于指人。修饰物时，能和big互换，但比big正式
great
常指抽象的事物，带有主观色彩。可表示数量、距离、距离或程度，修饰人时，意为“伟大的”
②fall（fell，fallen）用作不及物动词，意为“落下，跌落”
例如：One of the birds fell into the river.
9.With several lakes, hills and a large green lawn, it’s a good place to relax after a hard day’s work. （P37）
①句中的with several lakes，hills and a large green lawn为介词短语，with的意思是“带有；伴随”。
②several此处用作形容词，意为“几个，数个”。several修饰可数名词复数形式。
③relax此处用作不及物动词，意为“放松”，它也可以作及物动词。动词三单：relaxes ，Relax 的形容词为relaxing意为“令人放松的”(修饰物)，relaxed意为“感到放松的”(修饰人)。
例如： You can relax by listening to music.
I felt relaxed after watching the relaxing TV play.
④hard此处用作形容词，意为“辛苦的，艰难的”。
例如： They did hard work every day.
10.It has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century. （P37）
①be famous for意为“因…而著名”，后接表示人或事物某方面的特点、特长等的名词。
例如：Mr. White is famous for his novels.
拓展 be famous as意为“作为…而闻名”，后接表示身份、职业等的名词
be famous to sb. 对于......很出名，被......所熟知
eg. He is famous to the people all over the world.他被全世界的人所熟知.
②the early twentieth century意为“20世纪初期”。表示“20世纪晚期”用the late twentieth century
11.a play filled with many songs（P38）
①play此处用作可数名词， 意为“戏剧，剧本”
例如： Some people don’t like watching plays.
②be filled with是固定短语，意为“装满…；充满…”，其中filled是动词fill的过去分词。fill意为“填满，充满”，它的形容词形式为full（满的），fill与full的反义词都是empty（倒空；空的）。be filled with相当于be full of ，其主语通常为物。
例如： The cup is filled with water.=The cup is full of water.
拓展 fill…with… 意为 “用…把…装满”
例如： Please fill my cup with water.
12.Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport. （P42）
①此处dreamt是dream的过去分词， dream此处用作动词。
dream用作动词时，主要有以下含义：
（1）做梦，梦见，梦到（常和of/about连用）
例如： I dreamt of/about you.
（2）向往；渴望；想象
例如： That boy dreams of becoming a pilot.
②travel around the world环游世界
③without介词，意为“没有”，之后要接名词、代词或动名词。由它构成的介词短语常位于句首或句末作状语。
例如：Man can’t live without water.
13.Yes, you can realize your dream by taking an online tour. （P42）
by taking an online tour意为“通过进行一次在线旅行”，by此处表示“通过…,靠…的方式”，后面常接动词的-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式获得某种结果”
例如： My elder sister learns English by joining an English language club.
They raised some money by selling newspapers and Christmas cards.
14.To learn about a city... （P43）
learn about意为“了解，获悉”
例如： I want to learn about the earthquake.
15.Australian seasons are the opposite of ours.（P44）
opposite此处用作名词，意为“对立的人或物”
例如： Hot is the opposite of cold.
词性
用法
例句
介词
“在…对面”，相当于across from，常与名词一起构成介词短语，表方位
They live opposite the bank.他们住在银行对面。
形容词
另一边的，对面的；相反的
We lived on the opposite side of the road.我们住在马路对面。
副词
在对面
There’s an old man living opposite.有一个老人住在对面。
名词
“相反的人或物，对立面”，常与介词of 一起使用
“Tall” is the opposite of “short”.
16.Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour？.（P 44）
①Would you mind doing sth…?意为“你介意做某事吗？”，多用来提出客气的请求。
例如： Would you mind closing the door？
②how to start this online tour作动词show的宾语。“疑问词+动词不定式”
结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语成分。
例如： When to start is a problem.
He hasn’t decided what to eat for lunch.
17.My pleasure.（P 44）
My pleasure用于回答别人的道歉，意为“不客气”。Pleasure名词，意为“快乐；乐趣；愉快”
例如：--Thanks for helping me.
--My pleasure.
18.It is made up of English, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.（P47）
Be made up of意为“由…组成”
例如： The basketball team is made up of 12 players.
拓展
①be made in意为“在…制造”
例如： This kind of machine is made in China.
②be made of意为“由…制成的（能看出原材料）”
例如： The desk is made of wood.
③be made from意为“由…制成（看不出原材料）”
例如： We all know that paper is made from wood.
19.Morever, remember that people use pounds there, not RMB or dollars.（P47）
remember此处用作及物动词，意为“记着，记住”
例如： Please remember the story.
remember to do sth.
记得去做某事（此事还未做）
I remember to post his letter.我记得要为他寄信。
remember doing sth.
记得已做过某事（此事已做完）
I remember posting his letter.我记得为他寄过信。
二、语法Grammar
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
1）在完成时强调的是与现在的关系，对现在产生的结果或影响等，属于现在时范围，谈论的是现在的情况；
一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系，现在情况可能已发生变化。
2）时间状语的区别
时态
时间状语
一般过去时
yesterday, the other day (= a few days ago), last…, … ago, the day before yesterday, just now, in +过去时间
现在完成时
already, ever, just, recently, (not) yet, so far (迄今为止), up to now, till now, since, never, before
现在完成时五大句型：
1) It’s +一段时间+since…(或It has been +一段时间+since…)
例题：( )Mr. Green __________in Nanjing since his family __________to China 10 years ago.
A. has lived, has moved B. lived, moved C. lived, has moved D. has lived, moved
【答案】D
2) This is the +形容词最高级+ 名词+ that +从句（从句用现在完成时）
3) Where have you been?
4) There have/ has been …
e.g.: There have been great changes to my hometown in the past two years.
5) It is the first / second/… time that+从句（从句用现在完成时）
注意：when不与现在完成时连用
三、词组归纳
1） use the computer to search for information 用电脑查找资料
2） send and receive emails 收发电子邮件
3） the world-famous trade centre 世界闻名的贸易中心
4） a good place to relax after a hard day’s work 一天辛勤的工作后
= a good place to relax after working hard for a day 一个休闲的好去处
5) so much for … 关于…就讲这么多，…到此为止
6) at the top/bottom of the page 在这一页的顶部/底部
7) dream of travelling around the world without a passport 梦想不带护照环游世界
8) show me an online tour of the USA 给我看一次网上美国之旅
9) take you to different places around the world 带你到全世界不同的地方去
10) on the south-east coast of Australia 在澳大利亚的东南海岸
11) a wonderful building called the Sydney Opera House 一座名叫悉尼歌剧院的建筑物
12) look like a ship with many sails 看上去像一艘扬帆的船
13) be made up of … 由……组成
14) the capital city 首都城市
15) learn a lot about the world’s culture 了解许多有关世界文化的事
16) have many places of natural beauty 有许多自然美景
17. “the Big Apple”—New York, the biggest city in the USA “大苹果”—纽约
18. at the southern end of … 在…的最南端
19. Further on is Times Square. 再往前走是时报广场
20. on New Year’s Eve every year 在每年的新年前夜
21. a country with a long history 具有悠久历史的国家
22. be famous for its museums 以它的博物馆而出名
23. be famous as an island country 作为一个岛国而出名
24. learn a lot about the world’s culture 精通世界文化
25. book tickets and hotels online 网上订票和旅馆
26. use English in daily communication 在日常交际中使用英语
27. realize your dream by taking an online tour 通过在线旅游来实现你的梦想
28. visit many places of great interest 参观许多名胜
29. a play filled with many songs 充满(带有)许多首歌曲的戏剧
30. travel around the world in eight hours 八小时环游全球
31. click on it (the icon) 点击它
32. visit Asia, Africa, Europe and America 游览亚洲、非洲、欧洲和美洲
33. thousands of people 数以千计的人们
34. search for information on the Internet 在互联网上搜寻信息
35. use the computer to send and receive emails 使用电脑收发电子邮件
四、句型归纳
1) It(Broadway) has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century.
百老汇自从20世纪早期就因剧院而出名。
2) It’s exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness.
看巨大的玻璃球在夜幕中徐徐落下真是令人激动。
3) Australian seasons are the opposite of ours. 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。
4) Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour? Of course not. 你介意演示给我看如何开始这次网上旅行吗？当然不。
5) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, also called the UK, is an island country. 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，又名英国，是个岛国。
6) There are many palaces and castles in this old European country.
在这个古老的欧洲国家有许多宫殿和城堡。
7) It is sunny one minute, but rainy the next, so prepare for it before you go there.
天气阴晴不定，所以去那之前要作好准备。
8) The UK is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
英国由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。
9) The best time to visit the UK is from May to September.
游览英国的最好时间是五月到九月。
10) Have you ever heard of the song “Memory”? 你曾经听说过《回忆》这首歌吗？
It comes from the famous Broadway musical Cats. 它来自于著名的百老汇音乐剧《猫》。
易错题分析
语法部分：
一、单选
1. You can improve your English _____________ practicing more.
A. by B. with C. of D. in
2. --Frank, you look worried, anything wrong?
-- Well, I __________ a test and I am waiting for the result.
A. will take B. took C. am taking D. take
3. It_________ me about 10 days _______ painting the walls.
A. took; to finish B. cost; finishing C. took; finishing D. spent; to finish
4. -- I like the dress, but I am _______________ I haven’t got enough money.
-- Don’t worry. I don’t mind ___________ you some if you like.
A. afraid; lending B. glad; lending C. afraid; to lend D. glad; to lend
5. Sandy feels unhappy because nobody seems to __________ her progress.
A. notice B. look C. watch D. read
6.—How well do you know the Opera House?
—I know the place very well. I ____ Sydney many times.
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have arrived in
7. —Where is Jack? I haven’t seen him for a long time.
—He ______ HK with his family. I think he is having a wonderful time there.
A. went to B. was in C. has gone to D. has been to
8. —Oh, I’m sorry for being late.
—It doesn’t matter. The film for just five minutes.
A. started B. has started C. has been on D. had been on
9. —Look at these stamps. I them for five years.
—Wow, they are wonderful.
A. kept B. have kept C. have bought D. Keep
10. --Mike, why are you watching TV again?
--I ______my homework.
A.finish B.finished C.have finished D.had finished
【答案】ABAAA BCCBC
二、动词填空
1. We_________(leave) Beijing for New York by plane at nine and have arrived now.
2. ---___________your brother________(go) to Beijing with you tomorrow?
---No, he's not at home. He___________ (go) to Shanghai.
3. Look, she __________(cry)! What____________ (happen) to her?
4. He ___________(not leave) Wuxi since his wife__________(die) five years ago.
5. ---Why not see the film with me?
---I ___________(see)the film. I__________ (see) it last week with my sister.
6. He likes football very much and often dreams of__________ (play) football.
7. Nobody saw him____________(leave) the meeting room. Is he still there?
8. ---I called you last night, but there was no answer.
---I_____________(take) a shower then.
9. They won't play basketball outside until the rain____________(stop).
10. What a surprise! I_____________(not know) you would be back today.
【答案】
left Will go;has gone is crying;has happened hasn’t left;died
have seen;saw playing leave was taking stops didn’t know
词汇句型部分：
一、用所给词的正确形式填空
1. -- Have you ______ (hear) that Margaret Thatcher (撒切尔夫人) passed away in April, 2013?
-- Yes. I think it’s a great loss.
2. -- Is your father at home?
-- No, I’m afraid he ____________(go) out.
3. Miss Lee (teach) us English since she came here three years ago.
4. -- Is everybody here?
-- No, sir. Jim _______________(not arrive) yet. He is still on the way.
5. There ___________(not be) much snow here in the past three years.
6. The old computer _______(break) down easily, so I had to restart it again and again.
7.-- Why are you so happy today?
-- Because I _____(win)the badminton match yesterday.
8. Yesterday I （buy）a new dress at the Macy’s for my mum.
9. The audience _______(clap) and screamed with joy after the last performance ended.
【答案】
1-5 heard; has gone; has taught; hasn’t arrived; hasn’t been;
6-10 broke; won; bought; clapped
二、根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当的形式填空。
gather, several, island, huge, south, pick, trade
1. WTO stands for World ______ Organization.
2. Now _____ another city, try to start your online tour.
3. _____ students are standing under the tall tree.
4. Guangzhou is a big city in the ________ part of China.
5. The driver had to stop his car because a ________ stone was in the road.
6. Hainan_____ is the second biggest one in China.
7. Old people like____ in the park to do sport in the morning.
【答案】Trade; pick; Several; southern; huge; Island; gathering
三、翻译句子
1.我们的英语老师正在办公室里接寻她丢失的键盘。
Our English teacher ____________________________________________________________.
2.你们班级由几个小组组成?
How many ___________________________________________________________________?
3.故宫自从19世纪早期就由于它令人惊叹的宫殿而闻名。
The Palace Museum ___________________________________________________________.
4.那个在城市最南端的商店已经开张多久了?
How long___________________________________________________________________?
5.有时候书本中的生活和我们的日常生活是相反的。
Sometimes the life in books_____________________________________________________.
6.你曾经梦想过成为一名举世闻名的作家吗?
___________________________________________________________________________?
【答案】
1. is searching the office for her lost keyboard
2. groups is your class made up of
3. has been famous for its amazing palaces since the early nineteenth century
4. has the shop at the southern end of the city been open
5. is the opposite of our daily lives
6. Have you ever dreamed of being a world-famous writer
四、单项选择
1.That’s an____________river and we can't swim across it.
A.800-foot-wide B.800-feet-wide C.800 foot wide D. 800 feet wide
2.She found her lost car.__________________she had.
A. What a good luck B. What good luck C. How good luck D. How good the luck
3.The police____________the robbers the whole morning, but none is found now.
A. searched B. searched for C. was searching for D. were searching for
4.We find___________not easy_________fifty English words in one day.
A.that; to remember B.it; to remember C. that; remember D. it; remember
5. ---I hear your father__________to Japan once.
--- Yes. He____________there last year.
A. went; has gone B. has been; went C. has gone; went D. has been; has been
6. ---Have you finished your homework____________?
---Yes, we've done that___________.
A. already; yet B. yet; already C. before; later D. later; before
7. __________the game sound____________ ?
A. Is; interesting B. Is; interested C. Does; interesting D.Does; interested
8.Would you please____________the price of the ticket?
A. find B. look for C. find out D. look
9.We all feel___________ with his_____________talk.
A. bored; boring B. boring; bored C. bored; bored D. boring; boring
10.---What does the moon___________tonight? ---A plate.
A. look B. look at C. look like D. look for
11. Sue was unhappy because she__________the concert given by her favourite singer.
A. misses B. missed C. has missed D. was missing
12.When they walked along the river, they suddenly heard somebody__________for help.
A. called B. call C. to call D. calling
13. --- Have you_________driven a car? ---No,___________.
A. ever, never B. already; ever C. before; yet D. just; yet
14.---Did you have a good May Day holiday?
---___________. I enjoyed myself with my family on the beach.
A. I'm afraid not B. I'm not sure C. Of course D. I hope so
【答案】ABDBB BCCAC BDAC
五、根据句意用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. -- How are you today?
-- Oh, I __________ (not feel) as well as I do now for a long time.
2. -- Lin Kai, hand in your homework, please.
--Oh, sorry. I __________ (leave) it at home this morning.
3. I ________ (get) to know my friend Jim ten years ago. We __________ (be) friends since then.
4. I ________(send) him a text message an hour ago, but he ____________ (reply)to me yet.
5. This is the second time that I ________ (get) the Most Helpful Student Award.
6. If you __________ (click) on it, you _________ (see) some photos of the city.
7. I don’t think I _____________ (take) an online tour in two hours.
8. Do you know the girl _________ (call) Lily?
9. Would you mind my _______ (open) the window for you?
10. I want to improve my English by _________ (read) more.
【答案】
1. haven’t felt; 2. left; 3. got; have been; 4. sent; hasn’t replied; 5. have got;
6. click; will see; 7. will take; 8. called; 9. opening; 10. reading
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