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北京市通州区2022-2023学年高一上学期期中英语试题含解析
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这是一份北京市通州区2022-2023学年高一上学期期中英语试题含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了 5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
北京市通州区2022-2023学年高一上学期期中
英语试题
第一部分：知识运用(共三节，40分)
第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. She attended primary school till 4th grade at her village. For the 5th grade onwards, she would have to get an admission(入学) in a school at a city nearby. She got very ____1____ knowing that she was accepted in a famous school in the city. Today was the first day of her school and she was waiting for her school bus. Once the bus came, she got in it ____2____. She was very excited.
When the bus reached her school, all students started going to their classes. Anna also made it to her classroom. Upon seeing her ____3____ clothing and knowing she was from a small village, other students started making fun of her. The teacher soon arrived. She ____4____ Anna to the class and told them that she would be studying with them from today.
Then she told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world. Everyone started writing the answer quickly. But Anna started to write the answer____5____.
When everyone except Anna had presented their answer paper, the teacher asked Anna, “What happened, dear? Don’t ____6____. Just write what you know as other students have learned about it just a few days back. ”
Anna replied, “There are many things. Which seven can I pick to write?” And then she handed her answer paper to the teacher. The teacher started reading everyone’s answers and the majority had answered them ____7____ such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon etc.
The teacher was happy as students had ____8____ what she had taught them. At last the teacher paper started reading Anna’s answer paper. “The Seven Wonders are—To be able to See, To be able to Hear, To be able to Feel, To Laugh, To Think, To be Kind, To Love!”
The teacher stood ____9____ and the whole class was speechless. Today, a girl from a small village reminded us about the gifts we have, which are truly a ____10____. So value what we have and use what we have.
1. A. anxious B. happy C. afraid D. calm
2. A. quickly B. easily C. lazily D. patiently
3. A. simple B. clean C. lovely D. expensive
4. A. pushed B. followed C. turned D. introduced
5. A. slowly B. actively C. cheerfully D. politely
6. A. cry B. forget C. write D. worry
7. A. neatly B. correctly C. briefly D. proudly
8. A. shared B. expanded C. missed D. remembered
9. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. shocked D. frightened
10. A. talent B. reward C. wonder D. challenge
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。安娜去上了小学，但是开学第一天，同学们见她是从小村庄来的便捉弄她。上课后，老师让同学们写下世界上七样伟大的东西，大多数同学都写下了景点，但是安娜写下了去看、去听、去感受、去笑、去思考、去慷慨、去爱。小村庄来的安娜让我们知道我们所拥有的东西多么宝贵。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道她被城里一所著名的学校录取了，她非常开心。A. anxious焦虑的；B. happy高兴的；C. afraid害怕的；D. calm冷静的。根据下文的“she was accepted in a famous school in the city. ”可推知，被名校录取的安娜应该是感到高兴的。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：校车来了，她迅速地上去。A. quickly迅速地；B. easily容易地；C. lazily懒惰地；D. patiently耐心地。根据下文的“She was very excited. ”可知，安娜心情很好，由此可知上车时动作也很快。此外，该词能表现出她对新学校的期待。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她简朴的衣服，知道她来自一个小村庄，其他学生开始取笑她。A. simple简朴的，简单的；B. clean干净的；C. lovely可爱的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据后文“knowing she was from a small village, other students started making fun of her”可知安娜因为衣着简朴受到了嘲笑。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把安娜介绍给全班同学，并告诉他们从今天开始她将和他们一起学习。A. pushed推；B. followed跟随；C. turned转动；D. introduced介绍。结合常识和下文的“told them that she would be studying with them from today. ”可知，老师把新来的同学介绍给班上其他同学认识。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是安娜开始慢慢地作答。A. slowly慢慢地；B. actively活跃地；C. cheerfully高兴地；D. politely礼貌地。根据上文的“Everyone started writing the answer quickly. ”和本句的“but”可知，安娜作答的速度很慢。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“怎么了，亲爱的？别担心。” A. cry哭泣；B. forget忘记；C. write写；D. worry担心。根据上文的“What happened, dear”和下文的“Just write what you know as other students have learned about it just a few days back. ”可知，老师在亲切地安慰和鼓励安娜，用“别担心”符合语境。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：老师开始阅读每个人的答案，大多数人都答对了，比如中国长城、罗马圆形大剧场、巨石阵、吉萨大金字塔、比萨斜塔、泰姬陵、巴比伦空中花园等等。A. neatly整洁地；B. correctly正确地；C. briefly短暂地；D. proudly傲慢地。根据后文“such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon etc”可知同学都回答正确了老师的问题。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师感到开心是因为学生记住了她所教的。A. shared分享；B. expanded扩充；C. missed错过；D. remembered记住。根据上文的“The teacher was happy”可推知，老师感到开心是因为学生记住了她所教的。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师震惊了，全班哑口无言。A. satisfied满意的；B. disappointed失望的；C. shocked震惊的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文的“the whole class was speechless”和and可知，老师当时的状态和学生们相似，也感到很震惊、很意外。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，一个来自小村庄的女孩提醒我们，我们所拥有的才是真正的奇迹。A. talent才能；B. reward奖赏；C. wonder奇迹；D. challenge挑战。根据上文的“She told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world. ”可知，老师让学生们写世界上的七个奇迹，看了安娜写的才恍然大悟：原来我们所拥有的就是奇迹。故选C。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about___11___(keep) up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult____12____(get) used to all the homework. Still, I’m happy to be here. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well____13____(prepare) for university or whatever else comes in the future.
【答案】11. keeping 12. to get 13. prepared
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者对于自己当前学习的思考。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我有点担心我的高级课程要跟上其他同学的进度，而且要适应所有的家庭作业是相当困难的。设空处置于about介词之后，空后应该使用动名词作宾语。keep up with为固定短语，意为“保持”。故填keeping。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。it will be+形容词+to do sth为固定句型，该结构中to do不定式为真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填to get。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来的任何事情做好准备。设空处应该使用形容词作表语。prepare为动词，意为“准备”其形容词为prepared，意为“有准备的”。故填prepared。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Come and see the Terracotta Army: more than 8, 000 statues____14____(make) in the third century BCE to guard the tomb of the Chinese Emperor Qingshihuang! Each statue____15____(have) a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, ____16____still has not been completely unearthed. More than 700, 000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some____17____(farmer) discovered the tomb while they were digging a well!
【答案】14. were made 15. has 16. which 17. farmers
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了秦始皇兵马俑的一些情况。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：快来看看兵马俑吧!公元前3世纪，中国为保卫秦始皇的陵墓，建造了8000多个兵马俑。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。此处more than 8, 000 statues与make之间是被动关系，同时句子表述的是过去事实。故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were made。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：每个雕像都有不同的脸，这使得研究人员相信每一个都是真实士兵的复制品。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句子的主语为each statue为第三人称单数，故have也应该使用第三人称单数。故填has。
【16题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些雕像只是秦始皇巨大陵墓的一部分，秦始皇陵墓尚未完全出土。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the emperor’s huge tomb为物。同时引导词在从句中作主语。故填which。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：当一些农民在挖井的时候发现了这个坟墓！设空处使用名词作主语，farmer意为“农民”，其为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填farmers。
C
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a player, Lang Ping____18____(bring) honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping____19____(build) was falling apart. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge, ____20____Lang Ping did not lose heart.
【答案】18. brought 19. had built 20. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了郎平带领中国女排奋斗的故事。
【18题详解】
考查时态。句意：作为一名运动员，郎平给她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。陈述过去事实，用一般过去时。故填brought。
【19题详解】
考查时态。句意：郎平建立的团队正在分崩离析。分析句子可知，主句陈述过去事情，从句的动作build发生在主句动作之前，表示过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had built。
【20题详解】
考查连词。句意：失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平没有失去信心。结合句意可知，前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。
第三节从方框中选择合适的词语并用其适当的形式完成下列句子。(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
根据句意，选择单词或短语或并以其适当形式填空。
21. Betty did not_______at all when she first came to the senior high school.
22. Han Jing always_______each experiment in chemistry class because he loves this subject very much.
23. Next weekend, we are going to have a camp tour. I’m quite_______it.
24. Everyone will meet with some difficulties in their studies, but never_______!
25. Adam’s adviser_______that he should sign up for advanced literature.
26. Spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to_______other things in life.
27. If you want to travel abroad, remember to_______a visa first.
28. This four-day walking tour will take you on_______paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.
29. I started thinking about fitness_______weight, things began to change.
30. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, _______the architecture, enjoy the excellent food, and go shopping at the local markets.
【答案】21. feel confident
22. concentrates on
23. looking forward to
24. give up
25. recommended
26. focus on
27. apply for
28. amazing
29. rather than
30. admire
【解析】
【21题详解】
考查短语。句意：当贝蒂第一次来到高中时，她一点也不自信。短语feel confident为“感到自信”之意。did not后接动词原形。结合句意，故填feel confident。
【22题详解】
考查短语。句意：在化学课上，韩静总是专注于每一个实验，因为他非常热爱这门学科。短语concentrate on为“专心于”之意。根据always和句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语是Han Jing，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。结合句意，故填concentrates on。
【23题详解】
考查短语。句意：下个周末，我们要去野营旅行。我很期待。短语look forward to为“期望”之意。主语I与look forward to之间为主动关系，根据句中 I’m 可知，用现在进行时。结合句意，故填looking forward to。
【24题详解】
考查短语。句意：每个人在学习中都会遇到一些困难，但永远不要放弃!短语give up为“放弃”之意。根据句中时态will可知，用动词原形。结合句意，故填give up。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：亚当的导师建议他报读高等文学。动词recommend为“建议”之意。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。结合句意，故填recommended。
【26题详解】
考查短语。句意：花太多时间上网是不健康的，会让你很难专注于生活中的其他事情。短语focus on为“专注于”之意。不定式to后接动词原形。结合句意，故填focus on。
【27题详解】
考查短语。句意：如果你想出国旅游，记得先申请签证。短语apply for为“申请”之意。remember to do sth. 记得做某事。不定式to后接动词原形。结合句意，故填apply for。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为期四天的徒步旅行将带您在通往马丘比丘的途中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的神奇之路。名词paths前用形容词修饰。形容词amazing为“令人大为惊奇的”之意。结合句意，故填amazing。
【29题详解】
考查短语。句意：我开始考虑健身而不是体重，事情开始发生变化。短语rather than为“而不是”之意。结合句意，故填rather than。
【30题详解】
考查动词。句意：住在当地的酒店，参观博物馆，欣赏建筑，享受美味的食物，去当地的市场购物。动词admire为“欣赏”之意。根据句中的动词Stay、visit、enjoy和go可知，这里用动词原形。结合句意，故填admire。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，32分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What it does
The self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic(光催化) and blacklight technology. A light source activates the door’s handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. It can reduce the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space.
How it works
The working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively remove bacteria(细菌) on the surface of a substance. A consistent UV light source inside a transparent glass door handle is required to activate the door’s handle coating on the outer surface for disinfection, so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of an opening and closing door. Then, the door handle can clean by itself.
Design process
We made the first version by using stainless steel(不锈钢). However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum (铝), which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source.
How it is different
Our innovative(革新的) design is simple, effective, and attractive. It has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in today’s world of inventions. Nowadays, people use chemical cleaning materials to clean up public areas but it harms the human body. Our design can be used for a long time and is effective. It can self-clean after each use. In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products.
Future plans
In the future, we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. We are going to connect with public properties, for example, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher.
31. How does the self-cleaning door handle function?
A. It controls the door movement automatically.
B. It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact.
C. Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up.
D. The light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself.
32. Compared with the first version of the product, the present one is .
A. safer and cheaper B. cleaner and easier
C. less heavy and more effective D. more attractive and expensive
33. What do we know about the new invention according to the passage?
A. It has been widely used in public areas.
B. It is quite competitive among similar products.
C. It has received positive comments for its innovation.
D. It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials.
34. According to the passage, what will they do with the product?
A. They will develop the product.
B. They will put the product on the market.
C. They will send the product to some public places.
D. They will carry the product to the places with higher risk of spreading infection.
【答案】31. D 32. C 33. C 34. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了结合先进的光催化和黑光技术的自洁门把手。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据What it does中“A light source activates the door’s handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. (一个光源激活门把手涂层，告诉它开始清洁。)”可知，光源指示门把手涂层自行清洁。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据Design process中“We made the first version by using stainless steel. However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum, which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source. (我们用不锈钢制作了第一个版本。然而，它使门把手变重了。然后，我们尝试了铝，这使它更轻，容易修理。我们还改进了发电机的输出，有效地将门运动的能量转化为光源。)”可知，与第一代相比，目前这代产品更轻也更有效。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据How it is different中“In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products. (在门锁和门把手市场，它是一个独特的设计，因为没有类似的产品。)”以及Awards中“In addition to winning the James Dyson Award, it has also received the Gold Award, and in 2016, it was featured in the 44th International Geneva Inventions Exhibition. (除了获得詹姆斯·戴森奖，它还获得了金奖，并在2016年参加了第44届日内瓦国际发明展。)”可知，这款产品的创新得到了积极的回应。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Future plans部分中“In the future, we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. (未来我们会将该产品商业化，希望能在市场上与同类产品竞争。)”可知，该产品未来将投放市场。故选B。
B
When I was in my first year of high school, I had a terrible time when every area of my life was a disaster. I felt so hopeless and alone that I thought everything was impossible.
On one such day, I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home, with my head down, fighting tears of total hopelessness, when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me. Though I had never seen him before, I did not want him to see that I was in such low spirits, so I turned my head away and hoped to hurry past. I thought he'd walk on by, but he moved until he was directly in front of me, waited until I looked up, and then smiled.
Looking into my eyes, this stranger spoke in a quiet voice: “Whatever is wrong will pass. You're going to be OK, just hang on. ” He then smiled again and walked away.
I can't explain the effect of that man's unexpected kindness and caring! He gave me the one thing that I'd lost completely—hope. I looked for him in our school to thank him, but never saw him again.
That was thirty years ago. And I've never forgotten that moment. Over the years, whenever I see someone who is in trouble, I will always think of that young man and try to give a flash of hope in the dark wherever I can. I carry things for people when they are too heavy for them, sit with naughty babies in the waiting room while their mothers are busy, or talk to tired couples at the checkout line or it could be anything. If you keep your head up, your heart will show you the place that needs hope.
35. Where did the writer meet with the young man?
A. In the school. B. In the school bus.
C. In the classroom. D. In the library.
36. From the passage, we may infer that the author ________.
A. had known the young man for a long time
B. made friends with the young man afterwards
C. was grateful to that young man very much
D. avoided meeting the young man since then
37. It can be known from the passage that ________.
A. the young man always tried his best to help those who were in trouble
B. it was the young man's smile and words that made the author feel hopeful
C. the author had never been praised by others before he met with the young man
D. the author traveled to a lot of places to look for the young man but failed
【答案】35. A 36. C 37. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了在上高中一年级的时候，有一段时间作者感到孤独和绝望，在校园里，一个陌生人对作者说了“无论发生什么事，都会过去的。一切都会好起来，只是时间的问题” 这样简单的话语给了作者希望。三十年过去了，作者依然记得那个时刻，每当作者看到一个有麻烦的人，总会想起那个年轻人，尽自己所能给处于麻烦中的人一线希望。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“On one such day, I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home, with my head down, fighting tears of total hopelessness, when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me. （有一天，我走出教室，穿过学校，赶校车回家，低着头，强忍绝望的泪水，这时一个年轻人从人行道上走向我）”可知，作者是在学校见到了这个陌生人。故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“I looked for him in our school to thank him, but never saw him again. (我在学校找他，想向他道谢，但再也没见过他)”可推知，作者非常感激那个年轻人。故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Looking into my eyes, this stranger spoke in a quiet voice: “Whatever is wrong will pass. You’re going to be OK, just hang on. ” He then smiled again and walked away (这个陌生人看着我的眼睛，轻声说：“一切都会过去的。你会没事的，坚持住。”然后他又笑了笑，走开了)”和第四段的“I can't explain the effect of that man's unexpected kindness and caring! He gave me the one thing that I'd lost completely—hope. （我无法解释那个人出人意料的善良和关心所带来的影响！他给了我一件我完全失去的东西——希望）”可推知，是那个年轻人的微笑和话语使作者感到有希望。故选B。
C
It probably won’t surprise you that teens are texting (发短信) more than ever before. Experts show great concern for teens’ texting. Students might not learn correct grammar and spelling if they write a lot of text messages. Also all that texting takes away hours that could be spent studying, exercising, pursuing hobbies, or talking with others face to face. Some kids even sleep with their phones beneath their pillows and wake up several times during the night to text.
Dr. Elizabeth Dowdell points out teens need to learn that they can—and should—tun off their phones sometimes. She and her team had two teenagers, Kenny and Franchesca, carry out an experiment. They should obey the rules: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either, unless it was for schoolwork. Would these be able to do it?
“I think I’m going to feel really alone, ” Kenny worried. Franchesca was nervous but brave. “I’m excited for the challenge, ” she said. “I don’t know what’s going to happen. ” They handed their phones to their mothers for safekeeping. The challenge was on.
The team caught up with Kenny and Franchesca after 48 phone-free hours. “Wow, it was pure suffering, ” Kenny joked. “Though life with no phone wasn’t easy, ” he admitted, “it had benefits. I felt less stressed because I didn’t have to be involved. ” Sure, Kenny missed his friends, and he was sad at times. But he also felt relief from the constant texting. Instead of texting, Kenny went to the gym (健身房) and caught up on schoolwork. He said that the first night he slept for 10 hours. He also spent time sitting with his family and talking. “I felt closer to my parents, ” said Kenny.
Franchesca had an even happier result when she put away her phone. “I loved it!” she said. “I was going to the gym and hanging out with friends and playing basketball. I had a wonderful experience. ” She slept better too, and she decided to continue the experiment for a while. “I think I’ll be so much smarter and healthier, ” she explained. “Everybody in the world should try it. ”
Kenny doesn’t plan to give up his phone again. But he now knows that he can live without it. “It was a reality check, ” said the teen.
38. Experts are concerned about teens’ texting because it .
A. leads to learning disabilities
B. takes up their learning time
C. develops the habit of staying up late
D. causes misunderstandings with each other
39. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Teens will live a healthier life without phones.
B. Expecting teens to live without phones is not realistic.
C. Experimenting with phone use is popular among teens.
D. Teens don’t realize how different their lives are without phones.
40. What influence did the 48-hour challenge have on both Kenny and Franchesca?
A. Both teens went to gym to do exercises.
B. Both teens felt they were closer to their parents.
C. Both teens have planned to give up their cellphones.
D. Both teens had more time spent on their schoolwork.
41. This passage mainly talks about .
A. giving up texting
B. rules for using phones
C. two days with no phones
D. problems caused by texting
【答案】38. B 39. A 40. A 41. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了一次让两个青少年两天没有手机的实验以及实验结果。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Experts show great concern for teen texting. Students might not learn correct grammar and spelling if they write a lot of text messages. Also all that texting takes away hours that could be spent studying, exercising, pursuing hobbies, or talking with others face to face. (专家对青少年发短信表示了极大的担忧。 如果学生写很多短信，他们可能学不到正确的语法和拼写。 同时，发短信也占用了本可以用来学习、锻炼、追求爱好或与他人面对面交谈的时间)”可知，专家们对青少年发短信表示担忧，因为它占用了他们的学习时间。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“it had benefits. I felt less stressed because I didn’t have to be involved. (它有好处。我感觉压力较小，因为我不必参与其中)”和倒数第二段““I think I’ll be so much smarter and healthier, ” she explained. “Everybody in the world should try it. ”(“我想我会更聪明、更健康，”她解释道。“世界上每个人都应该尝试一下。”)”结合上文参加实验的青少没有手机后过上了更健康的生活，可推知没有手机，青少年的生活更健康。故选A。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Instead of texting, Kenny went to the gym and caught up on schoolwork. (肯尼没有发短信，而是去健身房和补功课)”和倒数第二段“I was going to the gym and hanging out with friends and playing basketball. I had a wonderful experience. (我去健身房，和朋友们出去玩，打篮球。 我有过一次美妙的经历 )”可知，48小时挑战对肯尼和弗朗切斯卡的影响是两个孩子都参加了体育活动。故选A。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“She and her team had two teenagers, Kenny and Franchesca, carry out an experiment. They should obey the rules: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either, unless it was for schoolwork. Would these be able to do it?(她和她的团队让两个青少年肯尼和弗朗切斯卡进行了一项实验。他们应该遵守规则:48小时不使用手机。也没有电脑或互联网，除非是学校作业。这些能做到吗?)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了一次让两个青少年两天没有手机的实验以及实验结果。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the World Health Organization (WHO) has offered basic protective measures to the public against the virus.
1. Wash hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based wipe if your hands are not visibly dirty. ____42____
2. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing and sneezing. ____43____. Throw the tissue immediately into a closed bin and clean hands with an alcohol-based wipe or soap and water.
3. Keep a distance of at least one meter between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing, sneezing and having a fever, because coughs or sneezes of people who are infected with respiratory(呼吸的) disease project(喷射) small drops containing the virus. ____44____.
4. Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth with your contaminated(受污染的) hands, you can transfer the virus from the surface to yourself.
5. Tell your health care provider if you have traveled in an area where the epidemic (流行病) has been reported, or if you have been in close contact with someone who has respiratory symptoms(症状).
6. Take general hygiene (卫生) measures when going to live animals markets or animal product markets. ____45____. Avoid contacting with potentially contaminated animal wastes or the market facilities. (设施)
7. ____46____. Handle raw meat, milk, or animal organs carefully to avoid cross-contamination with uncooked food.
A. Avoid eating animal products
B. This helps know the virus if it’s on your hands
C. If you are too close, you can breathe in the virus
D. This helps remove the virus if it’s on your hands
E. Avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products
F. Strictly avoid any contact with the animals at the market
G. If you sneeze or cough into your hands, you may infect other people
【答案】42. D 43. G 44. C 45. F 46. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在新型冠状病毒肺炎的暴发中，世界卫生组织向公众提供了针对该病毒的基本保护措施。文章介绍了所采取的保护措施。
【42题详解】
根据上文“Wash hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based wipe if your hands are not visibly dirty. (经常用肥皂和水洗手，如果你的手没有明显的脏，可以用酒精擦拭)”可知，在手不是特别脏的情况下可用酒精擦拭。由此推知，下文陈述用酒精擦拭的好处。D项“This helps remove the virus if it’s on your hands(如果它在你的手上，这有助于去除病毒)”符合文意，陈述了用酒精擦拭的好处，且选项中的it指代上文的an alcohol-based wipe。故选D。
【43题详解】
根据上文“Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing and sneezing. (咳嗽和打喷嚏时用纸巾捂住口鼻)”可知，上文提出咳嗽和打喷嚏时要用纸巾捂住嘴。由此推知，空处陈述如果不这样做的影响。G项“If you sneeze or cough into your hands, you may infect other people(如果你打喷嚏或咳嗽时用手捂住，你可能会感染其他人)”符合题意，sneeze和cough是关键词。故选G。
【44题详解】
根据上文“Keep a distance of at least one meter between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing, sneezing and having a fever, because coughs or sneezes of people who are infected with respiratory(呼吸的) disease project(喷射) small drops containing the virus. (与其他人保持至少一米的距离，尤其是那些咳嗽、打喷嚏和发烧的人，因为感染呼吸道疾病的人的咳嗽或打喷嚏会产生含有病毒的小水滴)”可知，要保持至少一米的安全距离，尤其是与那些咳嗽和发烧的人。由此推知，空处陈述如果距离过近会有什么后果。C项“If you are too close, you can breathe in the virus(如果你离得太近，你会吸入病毒)”符合题意，too close呼应上文keep a distance。故选C。
【45题详解】
根据上文“Take general hygiene (卫生) measures when going to live animals markets or animal product markets. (前往活动物市场或动物产品市场时，采取一般卫生措施)”可知，前往与动物有关的市场时要注意防护。由此推知，空处进一步陈述在市场该怎么做。F项“Strictly avoid any contact with the animals at the market(严格避免与市场上的动物接触)”符合题意，market是关键词。故选F。
【46题详解】
根据下文“Handle raw meat, milk, or animal organs carefully to avoid cross-contamination with uncooked food. (小心处理生肉、牛奶或动物器官，避免与未煮熟的食物交叉污染)”可知，处理动物食品时要注意交叉感染，且一定要煮熟。E项“Avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products(避免食用生的或未煮熟的动物产品)”符合文意。故选E。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，28分)
第一节(共3小题;第47、48题各2分，第49题4分，共8分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成回答。
Can a robot really freestyle?
Engineers at the Georgia Institute of Technology, led by Gil Weinberg, have designed the first musical robot capable of not only playing music, but creating it. His name is Shimon. Weinberg, who is a musician, engineer, and professor of musical technology, found himself in a creative rut (俗套) and decided to create a robot that could inspire him with new musical ideas. Shimon was trained on a vast data set of everything from progressive rock to jazz to rap. His works really surprise human listeners.
Up until recent advancements, applications of AI (artificial intelligence) have mostly consisted of well-defined tasks, but many are concerned that new technology like Shimon could result in lost jobs for millions of people, even those in creative industry.
While the concern of an offing future in which humans are entirely replaced by robots certainly isn’t unfounded, a much more likely future is one in which robots work alongside humans to improve their work. Experts say that AI will actually create jobs for humans, not destroy them. The Guardian recently reported that by 2037, AI will create more than 7 million new jobs in the healthcare, education, and science fields in the UK.
Shimon is showing us what can happen when robots don’t just work for us, but with us. Instead of putting any of our favorite musicians out of work, robots will certainly be challenging and inspiring them in new ways. The cooperation between humans and robots can produce new and attractive music, leading to novel musical outcomes. Thanks to the innovation of Weinberg and his team, rap battles, jam sessions, and symphony orchestras alike may begin to look and act considerably different.
47. What can Shimon do?
48. Why did Gil Weinberg create Shimon?
49. As a student, what is your opinion about AI applied in your daily life? (About 40 words)
【答案】47. Shimon can play and create music.
48. Gil Weinberg created Shimon to inspire him with new musical ideas.
49. In my opinion, AI has both benefits and drawbacks. On the one hand, AI improves our study and life in several ways. On the other hand, we risk losing our jobs and independent mind if we rely on it too much. So, we should react to the effects of AI wisely.
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍Gil Weinberg领导佐治亚理工学院的工程师们设计了第一个不仅能演奏音乐，还能创造音乐的音乐机器人。
【47题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第一段“Engineers at the Georgia Institute of Technology, led by Gil Weinberg, have designed the first musical robot capable of not only playing music, but creating it. His name is Shimon. (佐治亚理工学院的工程师们，由Gil Weinberg领导，设计了第一个音乐机器人，不仅能演奏音乐，还能创造音乐。他叫西蒙)”可知，西蒙不仅能演奏音乐，还能创造音乐。故答案为Shimon can play and create music.
【48题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“Weinberg, who is a musician, engineer, and professor of musical technology, found himself in a creative rut (俗套) and decided to create a robot that could inspire him with new musical ideas. (温伯格是一位音乐家，工程师，音乐技术教授，他发现自己陷入了创作的困境，决定创造一个机器人，用新的音乐理念启发他)”可知，温伯格创造机器人，是为了用新的音乐理念启发他自己。故答案为Gil Weinberg created Shimon to inspire him with new musical ideas.
【49题详解】
开放性试题。要言之有理，注意词数限制。根据第二段“but many are concerned that new technology like Shimon could result in lost jobs for millions of people, even those in creative industry. (但是很多人担心，像西蒙这样的新技术可能会导致数百万人失业，甚至是那些在创意产业的人)”和最后一段“Shimon is showing us what can happen when robots don’t just work for us, but with us. (西蒙正在向我们展示，当机器人不仅为我们工作，而且还和我们在一起时会发生什么)”可知，AI在我们的工作和生活中既带来了便捷，也有担忧。故答案为In my opinion, AI has both benefits and drawbacks. On the one hand, AI improves our study and life in several ways. On the other hand, we risk losing our jobs and independent mind if we rely on it too much. So, we should react to the effects of AI wisely.
第二节(20分)
50. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。最近你的英国笔友Jim写信告诉你最近他学习压力很大。请你给他回信并提供一些关于如何处理压力的建议。内容包括：
1. 表示理解和关心；
2. 提出具体建议(不少于两条)；
3. 鼓励并表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100左右。
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Knowing that you have stress in your study, I am writing to give you some advice. As a senior high school student, none of us is having an easy time, but we still can do something to successfully get through the next three years.
The most important thing you should do is to take good care of yourself. Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with your families and friends. As for study, it is essential to find out what needs to be done. Then make a schedule and set time for each subject. That will ensure you enough time to review.
Anyway, don’t push yourself too hard. I hope you will make progress in your study.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友回信，就如何处理学习压力这一问题表示理解和关心，给对方提出建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
压力：stress→pressure
建议：advice→suggestion
照顾：take care of→look after
重要的：essential→important
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Then make a schedule and set time for each subject. That will ensure you enough time to review.
拓展句：Then make a schedule and set time for each subject, which will ensure you enough time to review.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you have stress in your study, I am writing to give you some advice. （运用了that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with your families and friends. （运用了whenever引导时间状语从句）
北京市通州区2022-2023学年高一上学期期中
英语试题
第一部分：知识运用(共三节，40分)
第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. She attended primary school till 4th grade at her village. For the 5th grade onwards, she would have to get an admission(入学) in a school at a city nearby. She got very ____1____ knowing that she was accepted in a famous school in the city. Today was the first day of her school and she was waiting for her school bus. Once the bus came, she got in it ____2____. She was very excited.
When the bus reached her school, all students started going to their classes. Anna also made it to her classroom. Upon seeing her ____3____ clothing and knowing she was from a small village, other students started making fun of her. The teacher soon arrived. She ____4____ Anna to the class and told them that she would be studying with them from today.
Then she told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world. Everyone started writing the answer quickly. But Anna started to write the answer____5____.
When everyone except Anna had presented their answer paper, the teacher asked Anna, “What happened, dear? Don’t ____6____. Just write what you know as other students have learned about it just a few days back. ”
Anna replied, “There are many things. Which seven can I pick to write?” And then she handed her answer paper to the teacher. The teacher started reading everyone’s answers and the majority had answered them ____7____ such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon etc.
The teacher was happy as students had ____8____ what she had taught them. At last the teacher paper started reading Anna’s answer paper. “The Seven Wonders are—To be able to See, To be able to Hear, To be able to Feel, To Laugh, To Think, To be Kind, To Love!”
The teacher stood ____9____ and the whole class was speechless. Today, a girl from a small village reminded us about the gifts we have, which are truly a ____10____. So value what we have and use what we have.
1. A. anxious B. happy C. afraid D. calm
2. A. quickly B. easily C. lazily D. patiently
3. A. simple B. clean C. lovely D. expensive
4. A. pushed B. followed C. turned D. introduced
5. A. slowly B. actively C. cheerfully D. politely
6. A. cry B. forget C. write D. worry
7. A. neatly B. correctly C. briefly D. proudly
8. A. shared B. expanded C. missed D. remembered
9. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. shocked D. frightened
10. A. talent B. reward C. wonder D. challenge
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。安娜去上了小学，但是开学第一天，同学们见她是从小村庄来的便捉弄她。上课后，老师让同学们写下世界上七样伟大的东西，大多数同学都写下了景点，但是安娜写下了去看、去听、去感受、去笑、去思考、去慷慨、去爱。小村庄来的安娜让我们知道我们所拥有的东西多么宝贵。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道她被城里一所著名的学校录取了，她非常开心。A. anxious焦虑的；B. happy高兴的；C. afraid害怕的；D. calm冷静的。根据下文的“she was accepted in a famous school in the city. ”可推知，被名校录取的安娜应该是感到高兴的。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：校车来了，她迅速地上去。A. quickly迅速地；B. easily容易地；C. lazily懒惰地；D. patiently耐心地。根据下文的“She was very excited. ”可知，安娜心情很好，由此可知上车时动作也很快。此外，该词能表现出她对新学校的期待。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她简朴的衣服，知道她来自一个小村庄，其他学生开始取笑她。A. simple简朴的，简单的；B. clean干净的；C. lovely可爱的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据后文“knowing she was from a small village, other students started making fun of her”可知安娜因为衣着简朴受到了嘲笑。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把安娜介绍给全班同学，并告诉他们从今天开始她将和他们一起学习。A. pushed推；B. followed跟随；C. turned转动；D. introduced介绍。结合常识和下文的“told them that she would be studying with them from today. ”可知，老师把新来的同学介绍给班上其他同学认识。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是安娜开始慢慢地作答。A. slowly慢慢地；B. actively活跃地；C. cheerfully高兴地；D. politely礼貌地。根据上文的“Everyone started writing the answer quickly. ”和本句的“but”可知，安娜作答的速度很慢。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“怎么了，亲爱的？别担心。” A. cry哭泣；B. forget忘记；C. write写；D. worry担心。根据上文的“What happened, dear”和下文的“Just write what you know as other students have learned about it just a few days back. ”可知，老师在亲切地安慰和鼓励安娜，用“别担心”符合语境。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：老师开始阅读每个人的答案，大多数人都答对了，比如中国长城、罗马圆形大剧场、巨石阵、吉萨大金字塔、比萨斜塔、泰姬陵、巴比伦空中花园等等。A. neatly整洁地；B. correctly正确地；C. briefly短暂地；D. proudly傲慢地。根据后文“such as The Great Wall of China, Colosseum, Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Taj Mahal, Hanging Gardens of Babylon etc”可知同学都回答正确了老师的问题。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师感到开心是因为学生记住了她所教的。A. shared分享；B. expanded扩充；C. missed错过；D. remembered记住。根据上文的“The teacher was happy”可推知，老师感到开心是因为学生记住了她所教的。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师震惊了，全班哑口无言。A. satisfied满意的；B. disappointed失望的；C. shocked震惊的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文的“the whole class was speechless”和and可知，老师当时的状态和学生们相似，也感到很震惊、很意外。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，一个来自小村庄的女孩提醒我们，我们所拥有的才是真正的奇迹。A. talent才能；B. reward奖赏；C. wonder奇迹；D. challenge挑战。根据上文的“She told everyone to write down the Seven Wonders of the world. ”可知，老师让学生们写世界上的七个奇迹，看了安娜写的才恍然大悟：原来我们所拥有的就是奇迹。故选C。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about___11___(keep) up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult____12____(get) used to all the homework. Still, I’m happy to be here. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well____13____(prepare) for university or whatever else comes in the future.
【答案】11. keeping 12. to get 13. prepared
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者对于自己当前学习的思考。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我有点担心我的高级课程要跟上其他同学的进度，而且要适应所有的家庭作业是相当困难的。设空处置于about介词之后，空后应该使用动名词作宾语。keep up with为固定短语，意为“保持”。故填keeping。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。it will be+形容词+to do sth为固定句型，该结构中to do不定式为真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填to get。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来的任何事情做好准备。设空处应该使用形容词作表语。prepare为动词，意为“准备”其形容词为prepared，意为“有准备的”。故填prepared。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Come and see the Terracotta Army: more than 8, 000 statues____14____(make) in the third century BCE to guard the tomb of the Chinese Emperor Qingshihuang! Each statue____15____(have) a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, ____16____still has not been completely unearthed. More than 700, 000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some____17____(farmer) discovered the tomb while they were digging a well!
【答案】14. were made 15. has 16. which 17. farmers
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了秦始皇兵马俑的一些情况。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：快来看看兵马俑吧!公元前3世纪，中国为保卫秦始皇的陵墓，建造了8000多个兵马俑。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。此处more than 8, 000 statues与make之间是被动关系，同时句子表述的是过去事实。故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were made。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：每个雕像都有不同的脸，这使得研究人员相信每一个都是真实士兵的复制品。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句子的主语为each statue为第三人称单数，故have也应该使用第三人称单数。故填has。
【16题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些雕像只是秦始皇巨大陵墓的一部分，秦始皇陵墓尚未完全出土。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the emperor’s huge tomb为物。同时引导词在从句中作主语。故填which。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：当一些农民在挖井的时候发现了这个坟墓！设空处使用名词作主语，farmer意为“农民”，其为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填farmers。
C
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a player, Lang Ping____18____(bring) honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping____19____(build) was falling apart. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge, ____20____Lang Ping did not lose heart.
【答案】18. brought 19. had built 20. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了郎平带领中国女排奋斗的故事。
【18题详解】
考查时态。句意：作为一名运动员，郎平给她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。陈述过去事实，用一般过去时。故填brought。
【19题详解】
考查时态。句意：郎平建立的团队正在分崩离析。分析句子可知，主句陈述过去事情，从句的动作build发生在主句动作之前，表示过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had built。
【20题详解】
考查连词。句意：失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平没有失去信心。结合句意可知，前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。
第三节从方框中选择合适的词语并用其适当的形式完成下列句子。(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
根据句意，选择单词或短语或并以其适当形式填空。
21. Betty did not_______at all when she first came to the senior high school.
22. Han Jing always_______each experiment in chemistry class because he loves this subject very much.
23. Next weekend, we are going to have a camp tour. I’m quite_______it.
24. Everyone will meet with some difficulties in their studies, but never_______!
25. Adam’s adviser_______that he should sign up for advanced literature.
26. Spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to_______other things in life.
27. If you want to travel abroad, remember to_______a visa first.
28. This four-day walking tour will take you on_______paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.
29. I started thinking about fitness_______weight, things began to change.
30. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, _______the architecture, enjoy the excellent food, and go shopping at the local markets.
【答案】21. feel confident
22. concentrates on
23. looking forward to
24. give up
25. recommended
26. focus on
27. apply for
28. amazing
29. rather than
30. admire
【解析】
【21题详解】
考查短语。句意：当贝蒂第一次来到高中时，她一点也不自信。短语feel confident为“感到自信”之意。did not后接动词原形。结合句意，故填feel confident。
【22题详解】
考查短语。句意：在化学课上，韩静总是专注于每一个实验，因为他非常热爱这门学科。短语concentrate on为“专心于”之意。根据always和句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语是Han Jing，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。结合句意，故填concentrates on。
【23题详解】
考查短语。句意：下个周末，我们要去野营旅行。我很期待。短语look forward to为“期望”之意。主语I与look forward to之间为主动关系，根据句中 I’m 可知，用现在进行时。结合句意，故填looking forward to。
【24题详解】
考查短语。句意：每个人在学习中都会遇到一些困难，但永远不要放弃!短语give up为“放弃”之意。根据句中时态will可知，用动词原形。结合句意，故填give up。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：亚当的导师建议他报读高等文学。动词recommend为“建议”之意。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。结合句意，故填recommended。
【26题详解】
考查短语。句意：花太多时间上网是不健康的，会让你很难专注于生活中的其他事情。短语focus on为“专注于”之意。不定式to后接动词原形。结合句意，故填focus on。
【27题详解】
考查短语。句意：如果你想出国旅游，记得先申请签证。短语apply for为“申请”之意。remember to do sth. 记得做某事。不定式to后接动词原形。结合句意，故填apply for。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为期四天的徒步旅行将带您在通往马丘比丘的途中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的神奇之路。名词paths前用形容词修饰。形容词amazing为“令人大为惊奇的”之意。结合句意，故填amazing。
【29题详解】
考查短语。句意：我开始考虑健身而不是体重，事情开始发生变化。短语rather than为“而不是”之意。结合句意，故填rather than。
【30题详解】
考查动词。句意：住在当地的酒店，参观博物馆，欣赏建筑，享受美味的食物，去当地的市场购物。动词admire为“欣赏”之意。根据句中的动词Stay、visit、enjoy和go可知，这里用动词原形。结合句意，故填admire。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，32分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What it does
The self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic(光催化) and blacklight technology. A light source activates the door’s handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. It can reduce the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space.
How it works
The working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively remove bacteria(细菌) on the surface of a substance. A consistent UV light source inside a transparent glass door handle is required to activate the door’s handle coating on the outer surface for disinfection, so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of an opening and closing door. Then, the door handle can clean by itself.
Design process
We made the first version by using stainless steel(不锈钢). However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum (铝), which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source.
How it is different
Our innovative(革新的) design is simple, effective, and attractive. It has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in today’s world of inventions. Nowadays, people use chemical cleaning materials to clean up public areas but it harms the human body. Our design can be used for a long time and is effective. It can self-clean after each use. In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products.
Future plans
In the future, we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. We are going to connect with public properties, for example, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher.
31. How does the self-cleaning door handle function?
A. It controls the door movement automatically.
B. It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact.
C. Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up.
D. The light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself.
32. Compared with the first version of the product, the present one is .
A. safer and cheaper B. cleaner and easier
C. less heavy and more effective D. more attractive and expensive
33. What do we know about the new invention according to the passage?
A. It has been widely used in public areas.
B. It is quite competitive among similar products.
C. It has received positive comments for its innovation.
D. It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials.
34. According to the passage, what will they do with the product?
A. They will develop the product.
B. They will put the product on the market.
C. They will send the product to some public places.
D. They will carry the product to the places with higher risk of spreading infection.
【答案】31. D 32. C 33. C 34. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了结合先进的光催化和黑光技术的自洁门把手。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据What it does中“A light source activates the door’s handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. (一个光源激活门把手涂层，告诉它开始清洁。)”可知，光源指示门把手涂层自行清洁。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据Design process中“We made the first version by using stainless steel. However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum, which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source. (我们用不锈钢制作了第一个版本。然而，它使门把手变重了。然后，我们尝试了铝，这使它更轻，容易修理。我们还改进了发电机的输出，有效地将门运动的能量转化为光源。)”可知，与第一代相比，目前这代产品更轻也更有效。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据How it is different中“In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products. (在门锁和门把手市场，它是一个独特的设计，因为没有类似的产品。)”以及Awards中“In addition to winning the James Dyson Award, it has also received the Gold Award, and in 2016, it was featured in the 44th International Geneva Inventions Exhibition. (除了获得詹姆斯·戴森奖，它还获得了金奖，并在2016年参加了第44届日内瓦国际发明展。)”可知，这款产品的创新得到了积极的回应。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Future plans部分中“In the future, we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. (未来我们会将该产品商业化，希望能在市场上与同类产品竞争。)”可知，该产品未来将投放市场。故选B。
B
When I was in my first year of high school, I had a terrible time when every area of my life was a disaster. I felt so hopeless and alone that I thought everything was impossible.
On one such day, I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home, with my head down, fighting tears of total hopelessness, when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me. Though I had never seen him before, I did not want him to see that I was in such low spirits, so I turned my head away and hoped to hurry past. I thought he'd walk on by, but he moved until he was directly in front of me, waited until I looked up, and then smiled.
Looking into my eyes, this stranger spoke in a quiet voice: “Whatever is wrong will pass. You're going to be OK, just hang on. ” He then smiled again and walked away.
I can't explain the effect of that man's unexpected kindness and caring! He gave me the one thing that I'd lost completely—hope. I looked for him in our school to thank him, but never saw him again.
That was thirty years ago. And I've never forgotten that moment. Over the years, whenever I see someone who is in trouble, I will always think of that young man and try to give a flash of hope in the dark wherever I can. I carry things for people when they are too heavy for them, sit with naughty babies in the waiting room while their mothers are busy, or talk to tired couples at the checkout line or it could be anything. If you keep your head up, your heart will show you the place that needs hope.
35. Where did the writer meet with the young man?
A. In the school. B. In the school bus.
C. In the classroom. D. In the library.
36. From the passage, we may infer that the author ________.
A. had known the young man for a long time
B. made friends with the young man afterwards
C. was grateful to that young man very much
D. avoided meeting the young man since then
37. It can be known from the passage that ________.
A. the young man always tried his best to help those who were in trouble
B. it was the young man's smile and words that made the author feel hopeful
C. the author had never been praised by others before he met with the young man
D. the author traveled to a lot of places to look for the young man but failed
【答案】35. A 36. C 37. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了在上高中一年级的时候，有一段时间作者感到孤独和绝望，在校园里，一个陌生人对作者说了“无论发生什么事，都会过去的。一切都会好起来，只是时间的问题” 这样简单的话语给了作者希望。三十年过去了，作者依然记得那个时刻，每当作者看到一个有麻烦的人，总会想起那个年轻人，尽自己所能给处于麻烦中的人一线希望。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“On one such day, I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home, with my head down, fighting tears of total hopelessness, when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me. （有一天，我走出教室，穿过学校，赶校车回家，低着头，强忍绝望的泪水，这时一个年轻人从人行道上走向我）”可知，作者是在学校见到了这个陌生人。故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“I looked for him in our school to thank him, but never saw him again. (我在学校找他，想向他道谢，但再也没见过他)”可推知，作者非常感激那个年轻人。故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Looking into my eyes, this stranger spoke in a quiet voice: “Whatever is wrong will pass. You’re going to be OK, just hang on. ” He then smiled again and walked away (这个陌生人看着我的眼睛，轻声说：“一切都会过去的。你会没事的，坚持住。”然后他又笑了笑，走开了)”和第四段的“I can't explain the effect of that man's unexpected kindness and caring! He gave me the one thing that I'd lost completely—hope. （我无法解释那个人出人意料的善良和关心所带来的影响！他给了我一件我完全失去的东西——希望）”可推知，是那个年轻人的微笑和话语使作者感到有希望。故选B。
C
It probably won’t surprise you that teens are texting (发短信) more than ever before. Experts show great concern for teens’ texting. Students might not learn correct grammar and spelling if they write a lot of text messages. Also all that texting takes away hours that could be spent studying, exercising, pursuing hobbies, or talking with others face to face. Some kids even sleep with their phones beneath their pillows and wake up several times during the night to text.
Dr. Elizabeth Dowdell points out teens need to learn that they can—and should—tun off their phones sometimes. She and her team had two teenagers, Kenny and Franchesca, carry out an experiment. They should obey the rules: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either, unless it was for schoolwork. Would these be able to do it?
“I think I’m going to feel really alone, ” Kenny worried. Franchesca was nervous but brave. “I’m excited for the challenge, ” she said. “I don’t know what’s going to happen. ” They handed their phones to their mothers for safekeeping. The challenge was on.
The team caught up with Kenny and Franchesca after 48 phone-free hours. “Wow, it was pure suffering, ” Kenny joked. “Though life with no phone wasn’t easy, ” he admitted, “it had benefits. I felt less stressed because I didn’t have to be involved. ” Sure, Kenny missed his friends, and he was sad at times. But he also felt relief from the constant texting. Instead of texting, Kenny went to the gym (健身房) and caught up on schoolwork. He said that the first night he slept for 10 hours. He also spent time sitting with his family and talking. “I felt closer to my parents, ” said Kenny.
Franchesca had an even happier result when she put away her phone. “I loved it!” she said. “I was going to the gym and hanging out with friends and playing basketball. I had a wonderful experience. ” She slept better too, and she decided to continue the experiment for a while. “I think I’ll be so much smarter and healthier, ” she explained. “Everybody in the world should try it. ”
Kenny doesn’t plan to give up his phone again. But he now knows that he can live without it. “It was a reality check, ” said the teen.
38. Experts are concerned about teens’ texting because it .
A. leads to learning disabilities
B. takes up their learning time
C. develops the habit of staying up late
D. causes misunderstandings with each other
39. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Teens will live a healthier life without phones.
B. Expecting teens to live without phones is not realistic.
C. Experimenting with phone use is popular among teens.
D. Teens don’t realize how different their lives are without phones.
40. What influence did the 48-hour challenge have on both Kenny and Franchesca?
A. Both teens went to gym to do exercises.
B. Both teens felt they were closer to their parents.
C. Both teens have planned to give up their cellphones.
D. Both teens had more time spent on their schoolwork.
41. This passage mainly talks about .
A. giving up texting
B. rules for using phones
C. two days with no phones
D. problems caused by texting
【答案】38. B 39. A 40. A 41. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了一次让两个青少年两天没有手机的实验以及实验结果。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Experts show great concern for teen texting. Students might not learn correct grammar and spelling if they write a lot of text messages. Also all that texting takes away hours that could be spent studying, exercising, pursuing hobbies, or talking with others face to face. (专家对青少年发短信表示了极大的担忧。 如果学生写很多短信，他们可能学不到正确的语法和拼写。 同时，发短信也占用了本可以用来学习、锻炼、追求爱好或与他人面对面交谈的时间)”可知，专家们对青少年发短信表示担忧，因为它占用了他们的学习时间。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“it had benefits. I felt less stressed because I didn’t have to be involved. (它有好处。我感觉压力较小，因为我不必参与其中)”和倒数第二段““I think I’ll be so much smarter and healthier, ” she explained. “Everybody in the world should try it. ”(“我想我会更聪明、更健康，”她解释道。“世界上每个人都应该尝试一下。”)”结合上文参加实验的青少没有手机后过上了更健康的生活，可推知没有手机，青少年的生活更健康。故选A。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Instead of texting, Kenny went to the gym and caught up on schoolwork. (肯尼没有发短信，而是去健身房和补功课)”和倒数第二段“I was going to the gym and hanging out with friends and playing basketball. I had a wonderful experience. (我去健身房，和朋友们出去玩，打篮球。 我有过一次美妙的经历 )”可知，48小时挑战对肯尼和弗朗切斯卡的影响是两个孩子都参加了体育活动。故选A。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“She and her team had two teenagers, Kenny and Franchesca, carry out an experiment. They should obey the rules: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either, unless it was for schoolwork. Would these be able to do it?(她和她的团队让两个青少年肯尼和弗朗切斯卡进行了一项实验。他们应该遵守规则:48小时不使用手机。也没有电脑或互联网，除非是学校作业。这些能做到吗?)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了一次让两个青少年两天没有手机的实验以及实验结果。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the World Health Organization (WHO) has offered basic protective measures to the public against the virus.
1. Wash hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based wipe if your hands are not visibly dirty. ____42____
2. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing and sneezing. ____43____. Throw the tissue immediately into a closed bin and clean hands with an alcohol-based wipe or soap and water.
3. Keep a distance of at least one meter between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing, sneezing and having a fever, because coughs or sneezes of people who are infected with respiratory(呼吸的) disease project(喷射) small drops containing the virus. ____44____.
4. Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth with your contaminated(受污染的) hands, you can transfer the virus from the surface to yourself.
5. Tell your health care provider if you have traveled in an area where the epidemic (流行病) has been reported, or if you have been in close contact with someone who has respiratory symptoms(症状).
6. Take general hygiene (卫生) measures when going to live animals markets or animal product markets. ____45____. Avoid contacting with potentially contaminated animal wastes or the market facilities. (设施)
7. ____46____. Handle raw meat, milk, or animal organs carefully to avoid cross-contamination with uncooked food.
A. Avoid eating animal products
B. This helps know the virus if it’s on your hands
C. If you are too close, you can breathe in the virus
D. This helps remove the virus if it’s on your hands
E. Avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products
F. Strictly avoid any contact with the animals at the market
G. If you sneeze or cough into your hands, you may infect other people
【答案】42. D 43. G 44. C 45. F 46. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在新型冠状病毒肺炎的暴发中，世界卫生组织向公众提供了针对该病毒的基本保护措施。文章介绍了所采取的保护措施。
【42题详解】
根据上文“Wash hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based wipe if your hands are not visibly dirty. (经常用肥皂和水洗手，如果你的手没有明显的脏，可以用酒精擦拭)”可知，在手不是特别脏的情况下可用酒精擦拭。由此推知，下文陈述用酒精擦拭的好处。D项“This helps remove the virus if it’s on your hands(如果它在你的手上，这有助于去除病毒)”符合文意，陈述了用酒精擦拭的好处，且选项中的it指代上文的an alcohol-based wipe。故选D。
【43题详解】
根据上文“Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing and sneezing. (咳嗽和打喷嚏时用纸巾捂住口鼻)”可知，上文提出咳嗽和打喷嚏时要用纸巾捂住嘴。由此推知，空处陈述如果不这样做的影响。G项“If you sneeze or cough into your hands, you may infect other people(如果你打喷嚏或咳嗽时用手捂住，你可能会感染其他人)”符合题意，sneeze和cough是关键词。故选G。
【44题详解】
根据上文“Keep a distance of at least one meter between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing, sneezing and having a fever, because coughs or sneezes of people who are infected with respiratory(呼吸的) disease project(喷射) small drops containing the virus. (与其他人保持至少一米的距离，尤其是那些咳嗽、打喷嚏和发烧的人，因为感染呼吸道疾病的人的咳嗽或打喷嚏会产生含有病毒的小水滴)”可知，要保持至少一米的安全距离，尤其是与那些咳嗽和发烧的人。由此推知，空处陈述如果距离过近会有什么后果。C项“If you are too close, you can breathe in the virus(如果你离得太近，你会吸入病毒)”符合题意，too close呼应上文keep a distance。故选C。
【45题详解】
根据上文“Take general hygiene (卫生) measures when going to live animals markets or animal product markets. (前往活动物市场或动物产品市场时，采取一般卫生措施)”可知，前往与动物有关的市场时要注意防护。由此推知，空处进一步陈述在市场该怎么做。F项“Strictly avoid any contact with the animals at the market(严格避免与市场上的动物接触)”符合题意，market是关键词。故选F。
【46题详解】
根据下文“Handle raw meat, milk, or animal organs carefully to avoid cross-contamination with uncooked food. (小心处理生肉、牛奶或动物器官，避免与未煮熟的食物交叉污染)”可知，处理动物食品时要注意交叉感染，且一定要煮熟。E项“Avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products(避免食用生的或未煮熟的动物产品)”符合文意。故选E。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，28分)
第一节(共3小题;第47、48题各2分，第49题4分，共8分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成回答。
Can a robot really freestyle?
Engineers at the Georgia Institute of Technology, led by Gil Weinberg, have designed the first musical robot capable of not only playing music, but creating it. His name is Shimon. Weinberg, who is a musician, engineer, and professor of musical technology, found himself in a creative rut (俗套) and decided to create a robot that could inspire him with new musical ideas. Shimon was trained on a vast data set of everything from progressive rock to jazz to rap. His works really surprise human listeners.
Up until recent advancements, applications of AI (artificial intelligence) have mostly consisted of well-defined tasks, but many are concerned that new technology like Shimon could result in lost jobs for millions of people, even those in creative industry.
While the concern of an offing future in which humans are entirely replaced by robots certainly isn’t unfounded, a much more likely future is one in which robots work alongside humans to improve their work. Experts say that AI will actually create jobs for humans, not destroy them. The Guardian recently reported that by 2037, AI will create more than 7 million new jobs in the healthcare, education, and science fields in the UK.
Shimon is showing us what can happen when robots don’t just work for us, but with us. Instead of putting any of our favorite musicians out of work, robots will certainly be challenging and inspiring them in new ways. The cooperation between humans and robots can produce new and attractive music, leading to novel musical outcomes. Thanks to the innovation of Weinberg and his team, rap battles, jam sessions, and symphony orchestras alike may begin to look and act considerably different.
47. What can Shimon do?
48. Why did Gil Weinberg create Shimon?
49. As a student, what is your opinion about AI applied in your daily life? (About 40 words)
【答案】47. Shimon can play and create music.
48. Gil Weinberg created Shimon to inspire him with new musical ideas.
49. In my opinion, AI has both benefits and drawbacks. On the one hand, AI improves our study and life in several ways. On the other hand, we risk losing our jobs and independent mind if we rely on it too much. So, we should react to the effects of AI wisely.
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍Gil Weinberg领导佐治亚理工学院的工程师们设计了第一个不仅能演奏音乐，还能创造音乐的音乐机器人。
【47题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第一段“Engineers at the Georgia Institute of Technology, led by Gil Weinberg, have designed the first musical robot capable of not only playing music, but creating it. His name is Shimon. (佐治亚理工学院的工程师们，由Gil Weinberg领导，设计了第一个音乐机器人，不仅能演奏音乐，还能创造音乐。他叫西蒙)”可知，西蒙不仅能演奏音乐，还能创造音乐。故答案为Shimon can play and create music.
【48题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“Weinberg, who is a musician, engineer, and professor of musical technology, found himself in a creative rut (俗套) and decided to create a robot that could inspire him with new musical ideas. (温伯格是一位音乐家，工程师，音乐技术教授，他发现自己陷入了创作的困境，决定创造一个机器人，用新的音乐理念启发他)”可知，温伯格创造机器人，是为了用新的音乐理念启发他自己。故答案为Gil Weinberg created Shimon to inspire him with new musical ideas.
【49题详解】
开放性试题。要言之有理，注意词数限制。根据第二段“but many are concerned that new technology like Shimon could result in lost jobs for millions of people, even those in creative industry. (但是很多人担心，像西蒙这样的新技术可能会导致数百万人失业，甚至是那些在创意产业的人)”和最后一段“Shimon is showing us what can happen when robots don’t just work for us, but with us. (西蒙正在向我们展示，当机器人不仅为我们工作，而且还和我们在一起时会发生什么)”可知，AI在我们的工作和生活中既带来了便捷，也有担忧。故答案为In my opinion, AI has both benefits and drawbacks. On the one hand, AI improves our study and life in several ways. On the other hand, we risk losing our jobs and independent mind if we rely on it too much. So, we should react to the effects of AI wisely.
第二节(20分)
50. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。最近你的英国笔友Jim写信告诉你最近他学习压力很大。请你给他回信并提供一些关于如何处理压力的建议。内容包括：
1. 表示理解和关心；
2. 提出具体建议(不少于两条)；
3. 鼓励并表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100左右。
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Knowing that you have stress in your study, I am writing to give you some advice. As a senior high school student, none of us is having an easy time, but we still can do something to successfully get through the next three years.
The most important thing you should do is to take good care of yourself. Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with your families and friends. As for study, it is essential to find out what needs to be done. Then make a schedule and set time for each subject. That will ensure you enough time to review.
Anyway, don’t push yourself too hard. I hope you will make progress in your study.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友回信，就如何处理学习压力这一问题表示理解和关心，给对方提出建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
压力：stress→pressure
建议：advice→suggestion
照顾：take care of→look after
重要的：essential→important
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Then make a schedule and set time for each subject. That will ensure you enough time to review.
拓展句：Then make a schedule and set time for each subject, which will ensure you enough time to review.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you have stress in your study, I am writing to give you some advice. （运用了that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with your families and friends. （运用了whenever引导时间状语从句）
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