2021-2022学年山西省太原师范附中、师苑中学联考高二（下）第四次月考英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年山西省太原师范附中、师苑中学联考高二（下）第四次月考英语试卷（含答案解析），共19页。
Have yu ever experienced any incnvenience caused by language barriers while travelling？Have yu ever thught hw awesme thse language curses wuld be if they didn't cst s much mney and require s much time？
Translaty is created t serve this purpse - withut wasting yur mney and time n language curses,yu can instantly becme "fluent" in mre than 40 languages with this genius device!
● What is Translaty？
Translaty is a simple yet life-changing inventin that helps yu t vercme any bstacles caused by freign languages,whether yu're in a business meeting with an internatinal client r sunbathing smewhere n a Spanish beach.This small but ingenius device is able t instantly recgnize and translate ver 40 different languages,making intercultural cmmunicatin cmpletely effrtless!
● What languages can I actually cmmunicate in？
Translaty has mre than 40 languages pre-installed,s yu're able t use it the minute yu get it!It prvides fast and accurate tw-way cmmunicatin and allws yu t install sme ther languages that yu want.
● What makes Translaty s special？
*Makes travelling easier - helping yu t frget language barriers and becme "fluent" in ver 40 languages.
*Helps in business - strengthening yur internatinal business relatinships.
*Assists in daily life - allwing yu t vercme language differences with yur freign friend.
*Cnvenient and easy t use - lightweight and simple design ensures it's there when yu need it the mst.
*Offers 100% accurate,tw-way translatin.
*High sund and recrding quality ensure there are n misunderstandings.T sum up - get it while yu can!
1. What can Translaty help users t d？ ______
A. T better understand freigners.
B. T learn freign languages well.
C. T spend less in learning a language.
D. T build relatinships with clleagues.
2. What is special abut Translaty？ ______
A. It's secure.B. It's enrmus.
C. It's reliable.D. It's influential.
3. What's the purpse f the text？ ______
A. T advertise the device Translaty.
B. T criticize the electrnic device.
C. T demnstrate hw t handle the device.
D. T declare when the device will be n the market.
B
While sme feel that bkstres are fading away,ne Chinese bkstre has fund new life by marching int rural areas in China t bring clrful cultural life and higher incmes l lcal residents.
By absrbing lcal rural characteristics,the village branches f the Librairie Avantgarde Bkstre（LAB） chain have transfrmed int imprtant platfrms t display lcal histry,culture and flk traditins.Nt just bkstres,they are fundatins helping t relieve spiritual pverty（贫困） and centers fr gathering and displaying rural culture.
T better fit in the lives f lcal residents,earth village branch has its wn characteristics,like the branch in Shaxi,suthwest China's Yunnan prvince.Many f nearly 20，000 bks in the stre are assciated with the histry,gegraphy and flk custms f Yunnan and the Bai peple.
"Turning in prfits is nt ur nly aim.Our bkstre has becme a public gathering space fr villagers.Nt nly yung peple,but many elderly residents cme here.They d nt buy bks,but pass the time by rending r chatting with each ther in ur stre." Liu Xia,the bkstre wner explained.
She added that this is a cultural atmsphere that bkstres ffer the area.Sme residents have grwn accustmed t turning t the bks f the stre t find answers t the trubles they face,such as perating a business r cntrlling turists frm urban areas.The biggest benefit f pening bkstres in villages is that it helps prvide a healthy envirnment fr children's grwth. "My kids ften cme t the stre.They lve reading bks here.They gain knwledge and curisity abut utside wrld." ne villager said.
The arrival f the bkstre menus a lt t the village when yung residents have been leaving fr urban areas in recent years.During the 2020 May Day and Natinal Day hlidays,the daily number f turists traveling t the village reached 5，000，a recrd high.Visitrs were attracted by the bkstre.Surrunding it,several restaurants and hlds have pened.
4. Which f the fllwing best describes village branches f the LAB？ ______
A. They are disappearing gradually.
B. They feature lcal rural cultures.
C. They culd make much higher prfits.
D. They have set up pverty-relief fundatins.
5. What d we knw abut the branch in Shaxi？ ______
A. It specializes in histry-related bks.
B. It creates a public gathering space fr business.
C. It shares the same features with ther branches.
D. It helps villagers knw mre abut the Bai peple.
6. What's the greatest influence f village bkshps n the lcal areas？ ______
A. Attracting mre peple t pay a visit.
B. Offering kids a healthy atmsphere.
C. Helping residents t acquire knwledge.
D. Encuraging the yung t g t big cities.
7. Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the text？ ______
A. LAB：A Bkstre n the Rise
B. Lcal Culture Welcmed by Turists
C. Village Bkshps Prmte Rural Life
D. Great Ambitins f Village Bkstres
C
Trees are symbls f hpe,life and transfrmatin.They are als increasingly labeled as a straightfrward,relatively inexpensive,and best slutin t climate change.Lately,sciety has been putting a lt f pressure n trees t get the whle wrld ut f the climate change emergency.Accrdingly,enthusiasm is wrldwide ppular amng gvernments,businesses and individuals fr ambitius prjects t plant billins,even a trillin mre,s as t help cut current emissin （排放）.
"Trees are having a bit f a mment right nw," says Je Fargine,an eclgist with The Nature Cnservancy based in Minneaplis. "There's n anti-tree lbby.Trees have lts f benefits fr peple.Nt nly d they stre carbn,they help prvide clean air,prevent sil ersin,shade and shelter hmes t reduce energy csts and give peple a sense f well-being."
Yet,as glbal eagerness fr adding mre trees grws,sme scientists are urging cautin.Befre mving frward,they say,such massive tree prjects must address a range f scientific,scial and ecnmic cncerns.Prly designed prjects that dn't address these issues culd d mre harm than gd,the researchers say,wasting mney as well as public gdwill. "There's a real feeling that frests and trees are just the idea we can use t get sme unspeakable supprt fr many,perhaps mre cmplicated,types f landscape restratin initiatives"，says eclgist Jseph Veldmanan.
The cncerns are ：There's t much fcus n numbers f seedlings planted,and t little time spent n hw t keep the trees alive in the lng term,r in wrking with lcal cmmunities.And there's nt enugh emphasis n hw different types f frests stre very different amunts f carbn.There's t much talk abut trees,and nt enugh abut ther carbn-string ecsystems.And ver the last decade,a diverse garden f tree-centric prpsal has spread acrss the glbe.That can lead t all kinds f prblems,Jseph adds. "Fr me,the devil is in the details."
8. Accrding t Paragraph 1，what is the glbal fever？ ______
A. Getting rid f the air pressure f the earth.
B. Launching envirnment-based mvements.
C. Spending mre time n glbal tree prjects.
D. Planting mre trees t handle climate change.
9. What can be inferred frm Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Tree-planting prjects might be wrngly used.
B. There's n scientific basis fr planting prgrams.
C. Grwing mere trees is just a waste f mney.
D. Public gdwill is surely abused t a certain degree.
10. What des the underlined wrd "myriad" in Paragraph 4 prbably mean？ ______
A. Unique.B. Precise.C. Many.D. Reliable.
11. Hw des the authr like the tree-based idea t slve climate change？ ______
A. Psitive.B. Dubtful.C. Neutral.D. Unclear.
D
In a fascinating paper published last year in Science,a team led by Andreas Nieder f the University f Tubingen in Germany shwed that crws（乌鸦）- already knwn t be amng the mst intelligent f animals - are even mre impressive than we knew.In fact,the evidence suggests that they are self-aware and,in an imprtant sense,cnscius （有意识的）.
Crws had been bserved previusly t use tls t slve certain prblems.Nieder's experiment shwed that the birds were actively evaluating hw t slve a particular prblem；in effect,they were thinking it ver.This ability t cnsciusly assess a prblem was assciated with the cerebral crtex（大脑皮层）in the brains f humans,which birds dn't have.
Other studies supprt the idea that the bird brain can,in principle,supprt the develpment f higher intelligence. had been dismissed in the past due t the small size f birds' brains.But recent research has shwn that in birds,the neurns（神经元）are smaller and mre tightly-packed,which makes sense t reduce weight and makes it easier l fly.The ttal number f brain cell in crws （abut 1.5 billin） is abut the same as that in sme mnkey species.But because they are mre tightly-packed,the cmmunicatin between the neurns seems t be better,and the verall intelligence f crws may be clser t that f grillas（猩猩）.
This research has imprtant cnsequences fr ur understanding f the evlutin f higher intelligence.First,a cerebral crtex is nt needed,and there are ther means t achieve the same utcme.Secnd,either the evlutin f cnsciusness is very ancient tracing back t the last cmmn ancestr f mammals and birds abut 320 millin years ag,r,equally interesting,cnsciusness arse at least twice later n,independently in mammals and birds.Bth ptins raise the pssibility that higher intelligence n ther planets may nt necessarily be mammal r human-like,but culd very well be birdlike.
12. What did Andreas Nieder's team find ut abut crws？ ______
A. They are mre intelligent than ther animals.
B. They have left peple a very gd impressin.
C. They are much cleverer than previusly thught.
D. They can use tls t slve certain prblems.
13. What des the underlined "it" in paragraph 3 refer t？ ______
A. The idea.B. The bird brain.
C. The develpment.D. Higher intelligence.
14. Why d crws have high-level intelligence？ ______
A. They have mre tightly-packed brains.
B. They have a small number f brain cells.
C. Their brain neurns culd cmmunicate well.
D. Their brain cells are the same with the mnkeys.
15. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph？ ______
A. Cerebral crtexes are necessary fr the evlutin f higher intelligence.
B. Bth mammals and birds gt their intelligence frm cmmn ancestrs.
C. Higher intelligence has already develped separately in different species.
D. Higher intelligence n ther planets might be different frm what we imagine.
Building and supprting yur team has never been mre imprtant.A key part f a psitive wrk envirnment is shwing gratitude t team members. (1) Yet 81% f emplyees reprt higher mtivatin with a cmmunicative manager.Tips belw are strngly recmmended by successful leaders.
(2) 45% f emplyees enjy praise such as psitive feedback and encuragement as their favrite way f receiving appreciatin.Yu can send an uplifting message befre a big presentatin,r cngratulate peers n a jb well dne.Yur recgnitin can help shape a mre supprtive wrk envirnment.
Make time fr yur team.Practise giving yur cwrkers yur undivided attentin. (3) By spending quality time with cwrkers,yu help ease their anxiety and make them mre prductive.It als creates pprtunities t shw yur recgnitin f their cntributins.
Practice acts f service.They shw rather than tell cwrkers that yu sincerely care.Express yur appreciatin with mre than a helping hand. (4) Bear it in mind t check in regularly t ask "hw can I help yu？"，and then use their input t inspire a new idea.
Cnsider giving yur team gifts.They can be as simple as a cup f cffee fr the "idea f the week".T ensure yu are making everyne feel seen and included,give gifts t thse wh wuld value them. (5)
A.Use wrds f apprval ften.
B.Recgnize yur wrkers' strengths.
C.Wrk envirnments can be fast-paced and stressful.
D.Be thughtful with yur sign f care t make it cunt.
E.Fr example,vlunteer t stay after hurs t help with a prject.
F.Careful attentin t wrk has becme even mre valuable in a real wrk envirnment.
G.Hwever,ur survey shws mst emplyers rarely express thanks l their emplyees.
16. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
I lived at hme while I went t cllege,and I appreciated the extra time with my family.I(21)my mm's wisdm and I actually tk her advice!One day particularly(22)fr me,a day when a simple piece f advice became a（n）(23)lessn.
I dn't remember what I was(24)abut,but I remember(25)that I was talking n the kitchen phne t smene,and there was a（n）(26).Mm was busy as usual with husehld tasks and she wasn't ne t interfere.But fr sme reasn she(27)as the call went n that my md was nt(28).Suddenly she std befre me with a tiny piece f paper.On it were tw wrds and a drawing.She handed it t me with a smile and then(29).
I(30)the tiny paper.It read： "Be Nice" and had a smiley face drawing.
I(31)my mm's advice.Frm that pint I tk a(32)tne.By the cnclusin f the cnversatin the tensin I had felt was(33).All was at peace in my wrld.
But there is(34)t the stry abut the little piece f paper.When I graduated and(35)that little piece f paper mved with me.I(36)it n my refrigeratr,secured in place by a magnet.Fr many years that piece f paper mved with me and has been serving as a cnstant(37).
Tday,whenever I feel stressed r impatient in the presence f a（n）(38) persn,I visualize my mm handing me that piece f paper and I act(39)!Wh wuld have ever guessed the timeless(40)f tw little wrds and a smiley face n a simple little piece f paper？
21. A. enviedB. sharedC. questinedD. respected
22. A. came utB. std utC. turned utD. brke ut
23. A. painfulB. basicC. lifelngD. interesting
24. A. disappintedB. nervusC. curiusD. upset
25. A. vividlyB. actuallyC. fndlyD. especially
26. A. tpicB. issueC. planD. idea
27. A. agreedB. wnderedC. knewD. admitted
28. A. mentinedB. imprvedC. reflectedD. discvered
29. A. leftB. returnedC. escapedD. wandered
30. A. turned verB. flded upC. picked upD. lked at
31. A. fllwedB. ignredC. supprtedD. wanted
32. A. seriusB. higherC. naturalD. friendlier
33. A. easedB. createdC. figuredD. expressed
34. A. mreB. nthingC. lessD. everything
35. A. went nB. set ffC. mved utD. ran back
36. A. wrteB. fundC. hidD. displayed
37. A. pressureB. reminderC. frceD. presence
38. A. encuragingB. warm-heartedC. challengingD. pen-minded
39. A. accrdinglyB. graduallyC. instantlyD. actively
40. A. memryB. valueC. funD. art
41. Accrding t a survey carried ut recently, there are nw as many as a billin peple wrldwide (1) (weigh) t much. Wrse still, the number f verweight peple is rising fast.
"The main reasn fr this is (2) peple are ding less hard physical wrk and they eat t much fatty fd." said American nutritin expert Prfessr Ppkin. "Japan has the (3) (lw) rate f besity in the develped wrld. The Japanese use public transprt and walk. The average American, (4) , drives t wrk and supermarkets. When he gets hme, he sits n a cuch in frnt f the TV and eats junk fd."
In Britain and many ther Eurpean cuntries, the number f verweight peple (5) (increase) by 200% in the past 20 years. "The (6) (effect) f this are clear," said Lndn dctr Elena Pwer. "We have mre illnesses (7) (relate) t weight and fewer fit peple."
China used t be ne f the slimmest natins in the wrld. Hwever, (8) is estimated that 20 percent f the wrld's verweight peple nw live in China, many f (9) are schlchildren.
"We have a serius prblem," said Prfessr Ppkin. "It requires an (10) (imprve) frm everyne, r it will get wrse."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（ \）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
There are many respectable peple arund us.As fr me,my father is the ne I respect him.He is a dctr and always takes a psitively attitude twards life.
There are varius reasns that I admire him.As a dctr,he is devted t his jb,saying "Nthing is mre imprtant than saving a life,whenever difficult it is." Tw years ag,he vlunteered t g t Wuhan,determining t help thse suffering frm COVID-19，despite the risk f being infected,which made me prmte the understanding f brave and respnsibility.As a father,nt nly des he care abut my life,als inspires me t set the high aim and strive fr it.Withut his encuragement,I culdn't have made s much prgresses.
Such is my father,a great man wh set a gd example fr me and I lve him a great deal.
43. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以"Let's Prmte Ecturism"为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.当前趋势；
2.你的观点；
3.你的倡议。
注意：
1.词数100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、A
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据What is Translaty？部分Translaty is a simple yet life-changing inventin that helps yu t vercme any bstacles caused by freign languages.（Translaty是一个简单但改变生活的发明，它可以帮助你克服外语带来的任何障碍。）This small but ingenius device is able t instantly recgnize and translate ver 40 different languages,making intercultural cmmunicatin cmpletely effrtless!（这个小而巧妙的装置能够立即识别和翻译40多种不同的语言，使跨文化交流完全不费力!）可知，Translaty是一种翻译器，可以帮助客户直接与外国人交流。故选A。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据What makes Translaty s special？部分Offers 100% accurate,tw-way translatin.（提供100%准确的双向翻译。）可知，Translaty的特别之处是它翻译100%准确，值得信赖。A.It's secure它是安全的；B.It's enrmus 它是巨大的；C.It's reliable它是可靠的；D.It's influential它是有影响的。故选C。
（3）A.写作目的题。根据第二段Translaty is created t serve this purpse - withut wasting yur mney and time n language curses,yu can instantly becme "fluent" in mre than 40 languages with this genius device!（Translaty就是为了实现这一目标而创建的--不用在语言课程上浪费您的金钱和时间，使用这个天才设备，您可以立即"流利"地掌握40多种语言！）可知，前文是对Translaty功能和特点的介绍。以及最后一段T sum up — get it while yu can! （总而言之，尽快入手!）可知，本文是一则广告，在推介翻译器Translaty。故选A。
本文是一则广告布告类阅读，文章主要介绍Translaty的功能以及带来的好处。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】B、D、B、C
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段的By absrbing lcal rural characteristics,the village branches f the Librairie Avantgarde Bkstre （LAB） chain have transfrmed int imprtant platfrms t display lcal histry,culture and flk traditins.（先锋书店（LAB）连锁书店的乡村分店吸收了当地乡村特色，成为展示当地历史、文化和民俗传统的重要平台。）可知，先锋书店的乡村分店以当地的乡村文化为特色。故选B。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段的Many f nearly 20，000 bks in the stre are assciated with the histry,gegraphy and flk custms f Yunnan and the Bai peple.（书店近2万册书中，有许多与云南和白族的历史、地理和民俗有关。）可知，沙溪分店帮助村民更多地了解白族人。故选D。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的The biggest benefit f pening bkstres in villages is that it helps prvide a healthy envirnment fr children's grwth.（在农村开书店的最大好处是为孩子们提供了一个健康的成长环境。）可知，乡村书店对当地最大的影响是为孩子们提供一个健康的环境。故选B。
（4）C.标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段的While sme feel that bkstres are fading away,ne Chinese bkstre has fund new life by marching int rural areas in China t bring clrful cultural life and higher incmes l lcal residents.（虽然有些人觉得书店正在消失，但一家中国书店却找到了新生命，它进军中国农村地区，为当地居民带来了丰富的文化生活和更高的收入。）可知，本文主要讲的是中国的先锋书店进军中国农村地区，为当地居民带来了丰富的文化生活和更高的收入，也就是本文主要介绍的是一个促进乡村生活的书店，因此最好的题目是C选项"Village Bkshps Prmte Rural Life（乡村书店促进乡村生活）"。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是中国的先锋书店进军中国农村地区，为当地居民带来了丰富的文化生活和更高的收入。
做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
8~11.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据文章第一段Accrdingly,enthusiasm is wrldwide ppular amng gvernments,businesses and individuals fr ambitius prjects t plant billins,even a trillin mre,s as t help cut current emissin （排放）（因此，在全世界的政府、商业和个人上掀起了一阵热浪，希望通过种植十亿或者万亿颗树来帮助减少碳排放。）可知，全球热指的是通过植树来解决气候变化。故选D。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据文章第三段Yet,as glbal eagerness fr adding mre trees grws,sme scientists are urging cautin.（然而，随着关于种植更多树的全球热的上涨，一些科学家强调要慎重。）以及Prly designed prjects that dn't address these issues culd d mre harm than gd,the researchers say,wasting mney as well as public gdwill（研究者说道，无法解决这些问题的那些设计较差的项目可能会带来更多的伤害，既浪费钱又无法获得公众的好感。）可知，植树项目可能被错误的使用了，只注重植树的数量，而未在意其质量，可能会带来更多的问题。故选A。
（3）C.词句猜测题。根据文章第四段The cncerns are myriad：冒号后的内容There's t much fcus n numbers f seedlings planted,and t little time spent n hw t keep the trees alive in the lng term,r in wrking with lcal cmmunities.And there's nt enugh emphasis n hw different types f frests stre very different amunts f carbn.There's t much talk abut trees,and nt enugh abut ther carbn-string ecsystems.And ver the last decade,a diverse garden f tree-centric prpsal has spread acrss the glbe.（太多的关注点落在了种植树的数量上，而未花时间来让这些树长时间存活，且未与当地社区合作。并且也没有足够去关注不同种类的树如何来储存不同量的碳。关于树有太多的言论了，但是关于碳储存系统的话题却太少。并且在过去的十年里，一个以树为中心的多样化的花园的提案已经传播开来。）可知，冒号后的内容解释了myriad一词，冒号后提出了很多的问题。由此可知，划线词myriad与many（很多的）意思相近。A.Unique独一无二的；B.Precise精确的；C.Many很多的；D.Reliable可靠的。故选C。
（4）B.观点态度题。根据文章第二段Yet,as glbal eagerness fr adding mre trees grws,sme scientists are urging cautin.（然而，随着关于种植更多树的全球热的上涨，一些科学家强调要慎重）以及文章第四段 "The cncerns are myriad（存在着很多的额担忧。）可知，作者对于这种"以植树为方式来解决气候变化的"做法是持怀疑态度的。A.Psitive肯定的；B.Dubtful值得怀疑的；C.Neutral中立的；D.Unclear不清楚的。故选B。
本文为一篇说明文。文章就现在的"种植大量的树来解决气候问题的情况，作者利用科学家的观点表达了自己怀疑的态度。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】C、A、C、D
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段In a fascinating paper published last year in Science,a team led by Andreas Nieder f the University f Tubingen in Germany shwed that crws —already knwn t be amng the mst intelligent f animals - are even mre impressive than we knew.（在去年发表在《科学》杂志上的一篇引人入胜的论文中，由德国图宾根大学的安德烈亚斯•尼德领导的一个研究小组表明，乌鸦--已经被认为是最聪明的动物之一---甚至比我们所知的更令人印象深刻。）及第二段Crws had been bserved previusly t use tls t slve certain prblems.Nieder's experiment shwed that the birds were actively evaluating hw t slve a particular prblem；in effect,they were thinking it ver.（之前人们观察到乌鸦会使用工具来解决某些问题。尼德的实验表明，这些鸟正在积极评估如何解决特定问题；实际上，他们正在仔细思考。）可知，尼德的研究小组发现乌鸦比我们之前想的要聪明得多，故选C。
（2）A.代词指代题。根据划线词前的Other studies supprt the idea that the bird brain can,in principle,supprt the develpment f higher intelligence.It had been dismissed in the past due t the small size f birds,brains.But recent research has shwn that in birds,the neurns （神经元）are smaller and mre lightly-packed,which makes sense t reduce weight and makes easier l fly. （其他研究支持鸟类大脑原则上可以支持更高智力发展的观点。过去由于鸟类大脑体积小而被驳回。但最近的研究表明，在鸟类中，神经元更小，包装更轻，这对减轻重量很有意义，并且更容易飞行。）可知，其他研究也支持这样一种观点，即鸟类的大脑原则上可以支持更高智力的发展。此处承接上文，说的是在过去，由于鸟类的大脑体积较小，这一观点一直被忽视，由此可知It指代的就是前文提到的"鸟类的大脑原则上可以支持更高智力的发展"这一观点，A.The idea.这个想法；B.The bird brain.鸟的大脑；C.The develpment.发展；D.Higher intelligence.更高的智力。故选A。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第三段But because they are mre tightly-packed,the cmmunicatin between the neurns seems In be better,and the verall intelligence f crws may be clser t that f grillas.（但由于脑细胞的排列更紧密，神经元之间的交流似乎更好，乌鸦的整体智力可能更接近大猩猩。）可知，乌鸦的智力很高是因为它们的大脑神经元之间能够很好地交流，故选C。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段Bth ptins raise the pssibility that higher intelligence n the planet may nt necessarily be mammal r human-like,but culd very well be birdlike.（这两种选择都提出了一种可能性，即地球上的高智商生物不一定是哺乳动物或类人的，但很可能是类鸟的。）可知，地球上的高智商生物可能与我们想象的不同，故选D。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现乌鸦比我们之前想的要聪明得多并分析了原因。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
16~20.【答案】G、A、C、E、D
【解析】（1）G.逻辑关系题。空格前说A key part f a psitive wrk envirnment is shwing gratitude t team members.（一个积极的工作环境的一个关键部分是对团队成员表示感谢。）"空格后说Yet 81% f emplyees reprt higher mtivatin with a cmmunicative manager.Tips belw are strngly recmmended by successful leaders.（然而，81%的员工表示，与善于沟通的经理在一起会更有动力。以下是成功的领导者强烈推荐的技巧。），因此空格处应说很多领导并没有像空格前说的那样做，所以后文才来提建议，G选项：Hwever,ur survey shws mst emplyers rarely express thanks t their emplyees.（然而，我们的调查显示，大多数雇主很少对员工表示感谢。）说明很多领导没有像空格前说的那样做，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
（2）A.段落主旨题。空格处是本段的主题句，由空格后的45% f emplyees enjy praise such as psitive feedback and encuragement as their favrite way f receiving appreciatin.（45%的员工喜欢用积极的反馈和鼓励等赞美方式来获得赞赏。）可知，本段主要讲的是要赞扬员工，A选项：Use wrds f apprval ften.（经常使用赞许的话语。）说明了要赞扬员工，概括了本段的主题，因此可作为主题句，故选A。
（3）C.逻辑关系题。空格后说By spending quality time with cwrkers,yu help ease their anxiety and make them mre prductive.（与同事共度美好时光，有助于缓解他们的焦虑，让他们更有效率。）因此空格处应说员工可能会感到有压力，C选项：Wrk envirnments can be fast-paced and stressful.（工作环境可能是快节奏和充满压力的。）说明了员工可能会有压力，因此空格后才说领导和同事共度美好时光，有助于缓解他们的焦虑，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
（4）E.推理判断题。空格前说Express yur appreciatin with mre than a helping hand.（不仅仅是伸出援助之手来表达你的感激。），空格处应举例说具体应怎么做，E选项：Fr example,vlunteer t stay after hurs t help with a prject.（例如，在下班后自愿留下来帮助一个项目。）举例说明了表达感激之情的具体做法，因此E选项承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
（5）D.推理判断题。空格前说T ensure yu are making everyne feel seen and included,give gifts t thse wh wuld value them.（为了确保你让每个人都感到被关注和被包容，给那些珍视礼物的人送礼物。），空格处应继续评价送礼这种做法，D选项：Be thughtful with yur sign f care t make it cunt.（要深思熟虑你关心他人的动作，以便使它有重要意义）评价了送礼这种做法，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是成功的领导者强烈推荐的创造积极的工作环境的技巧。
"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。
21~40.【答案】D、B、C、D、A、B、C、B、A、D、A、D、A、A、C、D、B、C、A、B
【解析】（1）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.envied羡慕；B.shared分享；C.questined询问；D.respected尊重。句意：我尊重我妈妈的智慧，并且采纳了她的建议!根据下文my mm's wisdm and I actually tk her advice! 对作者看了母亲给他的纸条后说话语气的转变的描可知。作者尊重（respected）"他母亲的智彗.故选D。
（2）B.考查短语及语境理解。A.came ut 出版；B.std ut 显眼，出色；C.turned ut 结果是；D.brke ut 爆发。句意：特别是有一天，一条简单的建议变成了我一牛的教训。根据下文a day when a simple piece f advice became a （n）（3）lessn作者对某一天的具体描述可知，那一天"很特别（std ut ）"。故选B。
（3）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.painful痛苦的；B.basic基本的；C.lifelng终身的；D.interesting有趣的。句意：特别是有一天，一条简单的建议变成了我一牛的教训。根据下文的"Tday,whenever I feel stressed …I visualize my mm handing me that piece paper ….."可知，母亲简单的建议成为了作者终身的（lifelng）"教训。故选C。
（4）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.disappinted失望的；B.nervus紧张不安的；C.curius好奇的；D.upset不快的，心烦意乱的。句意：我不记得我为什么不开心了，但我清楚地记得，我在厨房和某人通电话，然后出了点问题。根据下文的"It read ："Be Nice"and had a smiley face drawing" 及"By the cnclusin f the cnversatin the tensin I had felt was （13）All was at peace in my wrld" 可知，作者当时是"心情烦躁的（upset）"。故选D。
（5）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.vividly清楚地；B.actually事实上；C.fndly天真地，深情地；D.especially尤其是，特别是。句意：我不记得我为什么不开心了，但我清楚地记得，我在厨房和某人通电话，然后出了点问题。根据上文"I dn't remember" 表转折意义的but,和下文"I was talking n the kitchen phne t smene" 的具体描述可知，作者能清楚地（vividly）"记得当时发生的事情。故选A。
（6）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.tpic话题；B.issues问题；C.plan计划；D.idea想法。句意：我不记得我为什么不开心了，但我清楚地记得，我在厨房和某人通电话，然后出了点问题。根据下文"It read ："Be Nice"and had a smiley face drawing" 可知，当时作者和别人在电话上因为一个"问题（issue）"而起了争执。故选B。
（7）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.agreed 同意；B.wndered 想知道；C.knew知道；D.admitted承认。句意：但由于某种原因，她知道，随着电话的继续，我的情绪并没有改善。根据下文"Suddenly she std befre me with a tiny piece f paper.On it were tw wrds and a drawing." 可知，在作者打电话期间，妈妈不知怎么的知道他的情绪。故选C。
（8）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.mentined提到，涉及；B.imprved改善；C.reflected反思；D.discvered发现。句意：但由于某种原因，她知道，随着电话的继续，我的情绪并没有改善。根据下文的"It read ："Be Nice"and had a smiley face drawing" 可知，作者在继续打电话的过程中，他的坏情绪没有得到"缓解（imprved）"。故选B。
（9）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.left离开；B.returned返回；C.escaped逃脱；D.wandered徘徊。句意：她微笑着递给我，然后离开了。根据上文的"Mm was busy as usual with husehld tasks and she wasn't ne t interfere" 可知，母亲在把纸条给了作者后就离开了（left）。故选A。
（10）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.turned ver （使）翻转；B.flded up 收拾起来；C.picked up 恢复健康；D.lked at 看。句意：我看了看那张小纸片。根据下文"It read ："Be Nice"and had a smiley face drawing." 可知，只有是读了这张纸条才能知道纸条上的内容，所以此处指母亲走后，作者"看了（lked at ）"纸条。故选D。
（11）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.fllwed听从；B.ignred忽视；C.supprted支持；D.wanted想要。句意：我听从了我母亲的建议。根据下文"Frm that pint I tk a （12）tne."可知，作者的语气在看到妈妈给的纸条后改变了。所以此处指作者听从了妈妈的建议。故选A。
（12）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.serius严重的；B.higher更高的；C.tighter更紧的；D.friendlier更友好的。句意：从那时起，我用了一种更友好的语气。根据前文"It read ：Be Nice" 可知，此处指作者用了一种更友好的语气。故选D。
（13）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.eased减材轻，缓和；B.created创造；C.figured计算；D.expressed表达。句意：谈话结束后，我感到的紧张气氛得到了缓解。根据"All was at peace in my wrld" 可知，作者听从了母亲的建议，等到打完电话，他的紧张情绪"减轻了（eased）"，内心变得平静了。故选A。
（14）A.考查不定代词及语境理解。A.mre更多；B.nthing没有东西；C.less更少；D.everything所有东西。句意：但是关于这张小纸片，还有更多的故事。根据下文的"When I graduated （15）that little piece f paper mved with me" 及Tday,whenever I feel stressed r impatient in the presence f a （n） （18）persn,I visualize my mm handing me that piece f paper and I act （19）"可知，关于那张纸条的故事还有"更多（mre）"。故选A。
（15）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.went n 继续；B.set ff 出发；C.mved ut 搬出去；D.ran back 跑回。句意：当我毕业搬出去的时候，那张小纸片就跟着我一起搬走了。根据上文的"I lived at hme whileI went t cllege" 和下文的"that little piece f paper mved with me " 可知，作者毕业后"搬了出去（mved ut ）"。故选C。
（16）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.wrte写；B.fund找到；C.hid隐藏；D.displayed展示。句意：我把它放在冰箱上，用磁铁固定在那里。根据下文的"secured in place by a magnet" 可知，作者把纸条用磁铁固定在冰箱上"展示出来（displayed）"。故选D。
（17）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.pressure压力；B.reminder提醒物；C.frce力量；D.presence出席。句意：多年来，这张纸一直陪伴着我，一直提醒着我。根据下文的"Tday,whenever I feel stressed r impatient in the presence f a （18）persn.I visualize my mm handing me that piece f paper" 可知，多年以来那张纸条作为一个"提醒物（reminder）"一直陪伴着作者。故选B。
（18）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.encuraging鼓励的；B.warm-hearted热心肠的；C.challenging难以对付的；D.pen-minded思想开放的。句意：今天，每当我面对一个有挑战性的人，感到压力或者不耐烦的时候，我就会想象我妈妈递给我那张纸、然后我就会做出相应的反应。根据上文的" whenever I feel stessed r impatient in the presence f " 可知，让作者感到有压力和不耐烦的人肯定是"难以对付的（challenging）"。故选C。
（19）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.accrdingly相应地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.instantly立刻；D.actively积极地。句意：今天，每当我面对一个有挑战性的人，感到压力或者不耐烦的时候，我就会想象我妈妈递给我那张纸、然后我就会做出相应的反应。根据上文的"a day when a simple piece f advice became a （n）（3）lessn"以及作者对那张纸条的珍视可知，每当脾气变得不好时，作者就会想起母亲那天递给自己纸条的情形，于是"按照（accrdingly）"纸条上母亲的建议调整自己。故选A。
（20）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.memry记忆；B.value价值；C.fun乐趣；D.art艺术。句意：谁能想到在一张简单的小纸片上写上两个小字和一个笑脸的永恒价值呢？根据上文的"a day when a simple piece f advice became a （n）（3）lessn"和"Fr many years that piece f paper mved with me and has been serving as a cnstant （17）"可知，那张纸条对作者而言具有永恒的"价值（value）"。故选B。
本文是记叙文。母亲写的纸条成为"我"一生与人为善的警示。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
41.【答案】【小题1】
weighing
【小题2】
that
【小题3】
lwest
【小题4】
hwever
【小题5】
has increased
【小题6】
effects
【小题7】
related
【小题8】
it
【小题9】
whm
【小题10】
imprvement
【解析】1. 句意：根据最近进行的一项调查，现在世界上有多达10亿人体重超标。分析句子可知，设空处应填入非谓语动词形式；因逻辑主语peple与weigh之间是主动关系，故应用动词-ing形式作定语。故填weighing。
2. 句意：主要原因是人们做的体力活少了，吃了太多的高脂肪食物。分析句子可知，设空处引导表语从句，该表语从句中不缺任何成分，故用that引导。故填that。
3. 句意：日本是发达国家中肥胖率最低的国家。根据in the develped wrld和空前的定冠词the可知，设空处应填入形容词最高级形式。故填lwest。
4. 句意：然而，普通美国人开车去上班和超市。分析句子可知，上文讲到日本人使用公共交通，下文讲美国人开车去上班和去超市，两个句子之间是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，因此应用副词hwever表示“然而”。故填hwever。
5. 句意：在英国和许多其他欧洲国家，超重人口的数量在过去20年里增加了200%。分析句子可知，设空处应填入谓语动词。根据时间状语 in the past 20 years可知，此处应用现在完成时，构成为have/has+dne，主语是the number f...，故助动词应用has。故填has increased。
6. 句意：伦敦医生Elena Pwer说：“这种影响很明显。”根据空格前的the可知，空格处应填名词；又因该句中的谓语动词are可知，空格处应填入名词复数形式。故填effects。
7. 句意：与体重有关的疾病越来越多，健康的人越来越少。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作后置定语。relate的形容词为related，意为“相关的，有联系的”。故填related。
8. 句意：然而，据估计，目前全球20%的超重人口生活在中国，其中许多是小学生。It is estimated that…为固定句型，意为“据估计……”；it在句中作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语，故填it。
9. 分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词20 percent f the wrld's verweight peple，指人，且关系词在从句中作介词f的宾语，故应用关系代词whm。故填whm。
10. 句意：这需要每个人都有所改善，否则情况会变得更糟。根据空格前的an可知，空格处应填入名词。imprve的名词形式为imprvement，表示抽象概念，故填imprvement。
42.【答案】There are many respectable peple arund us.As fr me,my father is the ne I respect him.He is a dctr and always takes a attitude twards life.
There are varius reasns I admire him.As a dctr,he is devted t his jb,saying "Nthing is mre imprtant than saving a life, difficult it is." Tw years ag,he vlunteered t g t Wuhan, t help thse suffering frm COVID-19，despite the risk f being infected,which made me prmte the understanding f and respnsibility.As a father,nt nly des he care abut my life,∧als inspires me t set high aim and strive fr it.Withut his encuragement,I culdn't have made s much .
Such is my father,a great man wh a gd example fr me and I lve him a great deal.
1.去掉him.考查代词。句意：至于我，我的父亲是我尊敬的人。分析可知，ne后面是省略了that的定语从句，that在定语从句中作宾语，故him是多余的。故去掉him。
2.psitively改为psitive.考查形容词。句意：他是一名医生，对生活总是保持积极的态度。修饰名词attitude"态度"要用形容词psitive"积极的"作定语。故psitively改为psitive。
3.that改为why.考查定语从句连接词。句意：我钦佩他的原因有很多。分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为reasns,在定语从句中作原因状语，需要用关系副词why来引导。故that改为why。
4.whenever改为hwever.考查从属连词。句意：作为一名医生，他致力于他的工作，他说"没有什么比挽救一个生命更重要的，不管它是多么困难。"表示"不管它是多么困难"，需要用从属连词hwever修饰形容词difficult,引导让步状语从句，whenever"无论何时"，不符合题意。故whenever改为hwever。
5.determining改为determined.考查过去分词。句意：3月，他自愿去武汉，尽管冒着被感染的风险，他决心帮助那些患有新冠肺炎的人，这让我更加理解了勇敢和责任。be determined t d sth意为"下定决心去做某事"；句中已有谓语动词vlunteered且无连词，故此处需要非谓语动词作状语，故应用过去分词determined说明主语的状态。故determining改为determined。
6.brave改为bravery.考查不可数名词。句意：3月，他自愿去武汉，尽管冒着被感染的风险，他决心帮助那些患有新冠肺炎的人，这让我更加理解了勇敢和责任。此处和respnsibility并列作介词f的宾语，需要用名词bravery,bravery表示抽象概念，不可数。故brave改为bravery。
7.在als前面加but.考查连词。句意：作为一名父亲，他不仅关心我的生活，还激励我树立远大的目标并为之奋斗。nt nly…but als…为固定短语，意为"不仅……还……"。故在als前面加but。
8.the改为a.考查冠词。句意：作为一名父亲，他不仅关心我的生活，还激励我树立远大的目标并为之奋斗。aim"目标"为可数名词，结合语境可知，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且high的发音以辅音音素开头，需要用不定冠词a来修饰。故the改为a。
9.prgresses改为prgress.考查不可数名词。句意：要不是他的鼓励，我不可能取得这么大的进步。prgress"进步"为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故prgresses改为prgress。
10.set改为sets.考查主谓一致。句意：这就是我的父亲，一个伟大的人，他为我树立了一个好榜样，我很爱他。分析可知，此处为wh引导的定语从句，wh指代先行词a man,先行词是单数，故从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故get改为gets。
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者自己最崇拜的人是自己的爸爸并说明了理由。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Let's Prmte Ecturism
Cmmnly regarded as lw impact travel t undisturbed places,ecturism has becme increasingly ppular these years.（当前趋势）
As fr me,ecturism is a true ec-friendly trip.（个人观点）With the aim f sustainable develpment,ecturism calls n turists t enjy the scenery withut damaging the natural envirnment.【高分句型一】Therefre,it des little harm t the envirnment.By being expsed t natural areas,turists can have a pleasant experience t get clse t nature.Meanwhile,ecturism benefits the ecnmic develpment f lcal cmmunities.
Ecturism means respnsible and sustainable travel.We have nly ne planet.T prtect ur planet,I d hpe we can live in harmny with nature and make sure ecturism can prvide psitive experiences fr bth visitrs and hsts.【高分句型二】（个人倡议）
【解析】高分句型一：With the aim f sustainable develpment,ecturism calls n turists t enjy the scenery withut damaging the natural envirnment.
翻译：为了可持续发展，生态旅游呼吁游客在不破坏自然环境的情况下欣赏风景。
分析：本句使用了介词withut引导的方式状语。
高分句型二：T prtect ur planet,I d hpe we can live in harmny with nature and make sure ecturism can prvide psitive experiences fr bth visitrs and hsts.
翻译：为了保护我们的地球，我真的希望我们能与自然和谐相处，并确保生态旅游能够为游客和主人提供积极的体验。
分析：本句使用了省略了that的宾语从句we can live in harmny with nature and make sure ecturism can prvide psitive experiences fr bth visitrs and hsts。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。