2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习专题三完形填空先完义再完形第二讲瞻前顾后稳蠕内句组层次题课件

这是一份2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习专题三完形填空先完义再完形第二讲瞻前顾后稳蠕内句组层次题课件，共39页。
一、5 大方法速判句内层次题句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息凭借语感即可顺利选出答案。对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
方法1利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题[典例]　[2022·全国甲卷] The next week we 47.walked ur dgs tgether. It was a ht day. When we paused t catch ur __48__， Steve gt dwn n ne knee. Was he prpsing (求婚)? I liked him t, but s 49.sn?48．A.breath　　 B．balanceC．attentin D．imaginatin
解析：根据上文中的“It was a ht day”可知，作者和史蒂夫停下来喘口气(catch ne's breath)。由此可知正确选项。
方法2利用生活常识和文化背景解题完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
[典例]　[2022·全国乙卷] Hwever, we all witness that preschl children are remarkably 42.bad at hiding. They ften cver nly their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest f their bdies __43__.43．A.expsed B．examinedC．untuched D．imbalanced
解析：本题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。由生活常识及“They ften cver nly their eyes with their hands，”可推断，小朋友在捉迷藏时只用手盖住他们自己的眼睛，身体其他部分还都暴露在外，没有藏好。
方法3 利用对应成分分析法解题完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。
[典例]　[2022·全国乙卷]We brught yung children aged 2－4 int ur Minds in Develpment Lab at USC. Each 47.child sat dwn with an adult wh cvered her wn eyes r 48.ears. We then asked the child if she culd __49__ r hear the adult.49．A.see B．help C．reach D．fl
解析：本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。We then asked the child if she culd 　49　　　　r　　　hear　the adult.　动词　　并列连词　动词从上述分析可以看出，第49题与hear形成对应关系。因为有r这一并列连词，且上句中的“eyes”与此空 “see”相呼应， “hear”与上句中的48空“ears”相呼应，由此可知正确选项。
方法4 利用逻辑关系解题此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
[典例]　[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷] I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt. That lasted abut ten minutes. He was 44.uncmfrtable，and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it. S __45__ tying him up, I just kept a clse eye n him.45．A.due t B．instead fC．apart frm D．as fr
解析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。前文说作者给15个月大的孩子系上绳子，孩子因不舒服而哭叫。特别有连词s表示因果关系，空后表达作者只能紧盯着孩子，不再(instead f)用绳子拴着他。
方法5 利用语境暗示分析法解题上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[典例]　[2021·全国卷乙]She was__49__fr everything that the medical and nursing team had dne fr her. On her day f discharge，we shared in her50.delight at her recvery. As she was 51.leaving she was eager t say 52.gdbye t each f us in the nursing team.49．A.grateful B．thughtful C．srrwful D．fearful
解析：本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had dne fr her”可推知，她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thughtful“周到的，体贴的”；srrwful“悲伤的”；fearful“担心的，害怕的”
二、4大技巧稳抓句组层次题句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需瞻前顾后，综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。 
技巧1 利用语义复现解题复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
1．原词复现[典例]　[2022·全国乙卷] We brught yung children aged 2－4 int ur Minds in Develpment Lab at USC. Each __47__ sat dwn with an adult wh cvered her wn eyes r 48.ears. We then asked the child if she culd 49.see r hear the adult.47．A.parent　　　　　B．childC．researcher D．dctr
解析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。根据“We brught yung children...”及本空下一句中“the child”的提示可推断，此处跟成年人坐在一起的是受邀参加实验的每一位儿童。
2．同义复现[典例]　[2021·3月天津高考]Fr mst peple, having things stlen feels like an ffence. Rbbie Pruitt admitted that he gt __16__ when he discvered the theft f his muntain bike last September. But sn enugh, his 17.emtins tk a turn. After letting g f his anger and frustratin, he fund himself n a rad t sympathy 18.instead．16．A.amazed B．madC．curius D．frightened
解析：本题可以利用同义词复现解题。根据下文的After letting g f his anger and frustratin可知，此处和“anger” “frustratin”是同义词，由此可知正确选项。
3．反义复现[典例]　[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Our48.rles in the factry were simple: Place cakes n a mving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and bunny frm the belt. This was __50__ than it a bit and the cakes pile up. As I tld my parents at dinner that first night，it was all a little mre high­pressure than I'd 52.expected．50．A.harder B．better C．lnger D．cheaper
解析：本题可以利用反义复现解题。尽管上文提到了“Our 48.rles in the factry were simple”，但根据下文中的“the cakes pile up”和“a little mre high­pressure”可知，作者想表达实际上他们的工作并不像听上去那么简单， harder与simple构成了反义复现。
4．代词复现[典例]　[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Once fire and emergency peple arrived, Larry and the ther man 56.backed__ff and let them g t wrk. Then, Larry asked the __57__ if he was needed r 58.free t g. They let him and the ther man g.57．A.wman B．plice C．man D．driver
解析：本题可以利用代词复现解题。根据语境和下文中的“They”可知，拉里问是否还需要他，问的对象肯定是这些急救人员。下文中的代词“They”是复数，四个选项中只有plice是集合名词，表示复数，也符合常识。
技巧2 利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题在完形填空中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
[典例]　[2022·全国甲卷]Yu can tell a lt abut a man by hw he treats his dgs.Fr many years, I enjyed living with my dgs, Tilly and Chance. Their __41__ was nearly enugh t keep my lneliness at bay.41．A.wnership B.membershipC．cmpaninship D．leadership
解析：本题可以利用作者的态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据“enjyed living with my dgs”可知，作者喜欢和两只宠物狗一起生活，两只狗的陪伴能让作者避免孤单。
技巧3 利用逻辑关系解题在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。[典例1]　[2021·天津卷3月]In additin t 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessns teach teamwrk, encurage self­wrth, and prmte feelings f cmmunity. __32__， the kids have gained a sense f accmplishment.32．A.Otherwise B．HweverC．Smehw D．Meanwhile
解析：本题考查连接词，可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据语境可知，此处表示与此同时，孩子们也获得了成就感。therwise“否则，不然”；hwever“但是”；smehw“以某种方式”；meanwhile“与此同时”。
[典例2]　[2022·全国乙卷] Fr a lng time, this ineffective hiding methd was 44.interpreted as evidence that children are hpelessly “egcentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But ur __45__ research results in child develpmental psychlgy 46.cntradicted that idea.45．A.disappinting B．mixedC．surprising D．desired
解析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据本句中But提示语义转折可知，这种无效的隐藏方法被认为(interpreted)是儿童是一种完全“以自我为中心”的人的证据，但是我们在儿童发展心理学方面的研究发现反驳(cntradicted)了那个观点， 故推测研究结果是“令人惊奇的”。
技巧4 利用语境暗示分析法解题在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。[典例1]　[2021·全国卷甲]Burchill was 41.staying at the htel n business and planning t 42.visit sme friends in the area. They had asked him t 43.bring sme pepperni (辣香肠) frm back east. S he __44__ a suitcase full f pepperni.44．A.filled B．lcked C．abandned D．lst
解析：本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文“They had asked him t 43.bring sme pepperni (辣香肠) frm back east”，可推知Burchill应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给朋友，此题选A符合上下文语境。
[典例2]　[2022·浙江卷1月]Ms. Burdeyney talked t sme friends wh had 39.similar__prblems and discvered that they were largely suffering in __40__. “Nbdy chses t talk abut it because it seems s 41.insignificant，” she said. “But mre and mre are suffering and lives are being 42.cmprmised．”40．A.turn B．peace C．vain D．silence
解析：　本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据下文的“Nbdy chses t talk abut it”可知，她发现他们很大程度上都一声不吭地受着折磨。
练重点练难点创新应用体验
Test 1[2022·福州市高三质量检测] Once upn a time, my father and I gt lst in a frest in France. I must have been abut twelve r thirteen. Anyway, it was befre the time when mst peple __1__ a mbile phne. It was in the Lire Valley. Abut half an hur later, my dad __2__ the truth. “Oh, it seems that we're lst.” We walked arund and arund in circles, trying t find the path, __3__ with n luck. I culd tell my dad was starting t __4__， even if he was trying t hide it frm me. We had been in the frest fr hurs then and we bth knew my mm wuld be in a state f abslute __5__. At schl, I had just been tld the stry f the hikers wh had died in the wilderness and I fund it easy t __6__ that wuld be ur fate t. “If we keep ging in a __7__ line, we'll get ut f here，” my dad said.
　B．brrwed C．invented D．prmted2．A.revealed B．realized C．tld D．faced3．A.all B．therefre C．yet D．s4．A.cmplain B．erupt C．regret D．panic5．A.terrr B．anger C．disappintment D．lss6．A.decide B．annunce C．imagine D．clarify7．A.simple B．shrt C．straight D．similar
语篇类型：夹叙夹议文　主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——一路向前，走向希望【语篇解读】　作者年少时和父亲外出的时候，在法国的一片森林里迷了路。他们绕了很多圈，毫无进展。最后，父亲提议一路向前，他们终于走出了森林。这个策略也在作者以后的生活中发挥了很大的作用，并使作者深受启发：勇往直前，方能战胜困难。1．答案与解析：A　根据上句“I must have been abut twelve r thirteen”可知，作者当时只有十二三岁，当时还没有到大部分人可以拥有手机的时期。2．答案与解析：B　根据作者父亲所说的话“Oh，it seems that we're lst”可知，大约半个小时后，父亲才意识到他们迷路了。3．答案与解析：C　结合语境可知，空前的“我们不停地绕圈，试图找到出去的路”和空后的“运气不佳”形成了转折。
4．答案与解析：D　根据空后的“even if he was trying t hide it frm me”可以推测，尽管父亲在试图掩饰，但是作者可以看出他已经开始慌了。erupt “喷发；爆发”。5．答案与解析：A　根据本句中的“We had been in the frest fr hurs”和常识可知，他们已经在森林里迷路几个小时了，因此，他们都知道作者的母亲会很恐惧。6．答案与解析：C　根据语境可知，作者在学校听过登山者在野外死亡的故事，因此，在森林里迷路几个小时之后，作者很容易会想到那也会是他们的命运。clarify“澄清，阐明”。7．答案与解析：C　结合下文中的描述以及结尾部分的“keep walking frward”可知，作者的父亲建议走直线。
And he was right. __8__ we heard the sunds f cars and __9__ a main rad. We were eleven miles frm the village where we had __10__， but at least we had signpsts. And I ften think f that strategy, when I am ttally __11__ —literally r metaphrically. I thught f it when I was in the middle f a __12__， and when my heart beat rapidly with __13__ and I didn't knw hw I culd carry n living. Walking ne ft in frnt f the ther, in the same __14__， will always get yu further than running arund in circles. It's abut the __15__ t keep walking frward.
8．A.Regularly B．Eventually C．Surprisingly D．Generally9．A.chse B．missed C．fllwed D．reached10．A.set ff B．passed C．called n D．lived11．A.lst B．sensitive C．angry D．stuck12．A.term B. race C．perfrmance D．breakdwn13．A.excitement B．surprise C．fear D．interest14．A.way B．cycle C．directin D．distance15．A.ambitin B．determinatin C．inspiratin D．cperatin
8．答案与解析：B　根据语境和空前的“he was right”可知，他们最终听到了车声，到达了大路。9．答案与解析：D　参见上题解析。10．答案与解析：A　根据上句中讲到的到达大路和下文中的“at least we had signpsts”可以推测，路标可以指引他们到达出发(set ff)的村庄。call n“探访”。11．答案与解析：A　根据语境可知，空前的“that strategy”指的是作者和父亲在迷路时用的策略，所以作者在迷路或迷惘的时候，经常会想起那个策略。12．答案与解析：D　本句是对上一句的阐述，作者会在精神崩溃、因为害怕而心跳加速等时想起这个策略。13．答案与解析：C　参见上题解析。14．答案与解析：C　根据空后的“will always get yu further than running arund in circles”可知，一步一步地朝着相同的方向会让你走得更远。15．答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，无论你是真的迷路还是感到迷惘，都要有一路向前的决心。
Test 2[2022·石家庄高三质量检测(二)]Yur first day anywhere can be tugh. As a supply teacher, I had ne such experience when I was __1__ t wrk at a special educatin schl. When I received the call asking if I was available that day, a wave f __2__ rushed ver me. I'd never taught in a special schl befre, but I __3__ pulled myself tgether and drve t the schl. On the way there, I had __4__ abut everything I culdn't d. As I __5__， I was greeted by the head wh __6__ me there was “nthing t wrry abut”， but I was feeling anything but ! I was tld I wuld teach Key Stage 1.
1．A.frced B．requiredC．allwed D．guided2．A.panic B．sadnessC．anger D．sympathy3．A.hesitantly B．regularlyC．eventually D．desperately4．A.plans B．thughtsC．dubts D．pinins5．A.brke up B．sped upC．picked up D．pulled up6．A.assured B．warned C．reminded D．infrmed
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——在特殊教育学校教书【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者在一所特殊教育学校的一日教书经历。起初，作者心里满是担忧，但是学生们的表现超出了他的预期，给了他很大的触动。那天结束后，作者认为这是自己教学生涯中最棒的经历之一，并希望其他人也可以投入到特殊教育中，让那里的孩子们的热情唤醒自己对教学的热情。1．答案与解析：B　根据下文中的“When I received the call asking if I was available”可知，作者被要求去一所特殊教育学校教书。2．答案与解析：A　根据下文中的“nthing t wrry abut”和“I tried t __8__ my anxius feelings”可以推断出，作者听到这个请求的时候，内心很恐慌。3．答案与解析：C　根据下文中的“pulled myself tgether and drve t the schl”可以看出，作者最终接受了这个请求。4．答案与解析：B　根据语境和常识可知，作者在去那所特殊教育学校的路上，想了自己不能做的所有事情。5．答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“drve t the schl”和下文中的“I was greeted by the head”可知，作者停下车时，受到了校长的欢迎。pull up“停车；停止”。6．答案与解析：A　根据后面的“there was‘nthing t wrry abut’”可知，校长向作者保证没有什么可担心的。
__7__ by their parents, the children began t shw up. I tried t __8__ my anxius feelings, althugh a few drps f __9__ were nticeable. The whle class, a ttal f 8 with varius special needs, arrived by 9：30. Cntrary t my __10__， as the day went n, my __11__ levels went dwn. The children were expressive, unique and passinate, thugh there were times that left me slightly __12__ by their screams. As the day ended, I culd __13__ say it was ne f the best experiences f my teaching career. I hpe anyne will __14__ wrking at a special schl and allw the passin f the children there t __15__ their lve f teaching.,
7．A.Abandned B. Suspected C．Accmpanied D．Raised8．A.maintain B．hide C．spread D．enhance9．A.ink B．rain C．sweat D．bld10．A.decisins B．cnclusins C．suggestins D．predictins11．A.stress B．educatin C．energy D．cnfidence12．A.inspired B．refreshed C．shcked D．satisfied13．A.regretfully B．hnestly C．jkingly D．patiently14．A.admit B．recmmend C．tlerate D．cnsider15．A.celebrate B．earn C．guarantee D．awaken
7．答案与解析：C　根据下文中的“a ttal f 8 with varius special needs”和常识可知，特殊学校的孩子需要家长陪同去学校。8．答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，作者上课前努力隐藏自己的不安情绪。9．答案与解析：C　根据语境可知，尽管几滴汗水显而易见但作者努力隐藏自己的不安情绪。10．答案与解析：D　根据上文中对作者出发前的描述和下文中的“The children were expressive, unique and passinate”可知，学生的实际表现与作者之前的预测相反。11．答案与解析：A　根据下文中的“The children were expressive，unique and passinate”可知，孩子们的表现很好，作者没有那么紧张了。