专题13 完形填空（15空题）-2023年中考总复习真题探究与变式训练（江苏专用）

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专题13 完形填空（15空题）

例1 （2022·江苏徐州·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
“Mum, please! Can I keep a pet dog or a cat?” Andrew asked.
Mum said nothing, but the next day, she got home with a bright goldfish swimming around in a plastic bag.
“A fish. A ____1____ little fish. Not exactly my dream pet. It’s ____2____! Everyone has a pet dog,” Andrew complained. “Mum, I’ve got ____3____ against fish. They’re perfectly fine animals. But I want a pet that would do tricks and ____4____ me when I enter my room. I need a pet that would show me love, like a gentle bark or a miaow.____5____, I’ve got a dead-eyed fish!”
“It’s the only pet that you can keep,” Mum ____6____.
Andrew had no choice but to keep the goldfish. He put it in the tank and said, “I will name it Dog.” “Dog!” Andrew shouted. Suddenly, the goldfish stopped eating and swam over from the other side of the ____7____. It looked at Andrew, right up to the glass next to him.
Andrew was ____8____. “Did it know its name was Dog? Was it coming to me when I called? ____9____. Fish aren’t that smart. Are they?” Andrew waited for Dog to swim away again and ____10____ eating. Then he shouted again, “Dog!” It stopped eating at once and ____11____ over to Andrew. Maybe Dog wasn’t a stupid fish, after all.
Andrew started to train Dog to do tricks. After two weeks, Dog could swim in the shape of eight. After one month of practice, Dog could get back a little plastic ball by swimming under it and ____12____ it up to the top of the tank. Then Andrew could drop the ball ____13____ into the water. Dog was playing go-and-bring!
Dog did more than the tricks. Whenever Andrew walked into the room, Dog would ____14____ swim up and give him a happy ____15____. Every time Andrew smiled down at Dog, he was pretty sure it smiled right back.
1．A．lovely B．stupid C．clever D．nervous
2．A．unlucky B．uncomfortable C．unimportant D．unfair
3．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
4．A．greet B．respect C．protect D．lead
5．A．So B．Moreover C．Instead D．Otherwise
6．A．insisted B．added C．asked D．doubted
7．A．box B．cage C．tank D．bag
8．A．surprised B．unhappy C．excited D．scared
9．A．No problem B．No way C．No worry D．No hurry
10．A．forget B．avoid C．stop D．begin
11．A．ran B．swam C．walked D．jumped
12．A．pulling B．pushing C．taking D．turning
13．A．off B．away C．back D．out
14．A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always
15．A．bubble B．bark C．miaow D．touch
【答案】
1．B    2．D    3．D    4．A    5．C    6．A    7．C    8．A    9．B    10．D    11．B    12．B    13．C    14．D    15．A

【导语】本文讲述了Andrew想养宠物狗或猫，但妈妈只允许养金鱼，虽然不是Andrew的理想宠物，但也给他带来了乐趣。
1．句意：一条鱼。一条愚蠢的小鱼。
lovely可爱的；stupid愚蠢的；clever聪明的；nervous紧张的。根据下文“Maybe Dog wasn’t a stupid fish, after all.”可知此处Andrew说这是一条愚蠢的鱼，故选B。
2．句意：这是不公平的！
unlucky不幸的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unimportant不重要的；unfair不公平的。根据“Everyone has a pet dog,”可知Andrew认为每个人都有宠物狗，但是他只有一条鱼，所以他认为这是不公平的，故选D。
3．句意：妈妈，我对鱼没什么意见。
something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing什么都没有。根据“They’re perfectly fine animals.”（它们是非常好的动物）可知此处Andrew对鱼是没有什么意见的，故选D。
4．句意：当我进入我的房间时，它会向我打招呼。
greet打招呼；respect尊敬；protect保护；lead引导。根据“But I want a pet that would do tricks and...me when I enter my room”可知Andrew希望进入房间时有宠物来迎接他，故选A。
5．句意：然而，我得到的却是一条目光呆滞的鱼！
So所以；Moreover而且；Instead相反；Otherwise否则。根据上文可知Andrew想要一只狗，但是最后得到的是鱼而不是狗，此处是暗含转折含义，故选C。
6．句意：“这是你唯一能养的宠物，”妈妈坚持说。
insisted坚持；added增添；asked问；doubted怀疑。根据“It’s the only pet that you can keep”可知妈妈固执己见，故选A。
7．句意：突然，金鱼停止进食，从水箱的另一边游过来。
box盒子；cage笼子；tank水箱；bag包。根据“He put it in the tank”可知金鱼从水箱另一边游过来，故选C。
8．句意：Andrew很惊讶。“它知道自己叫狗吗？”
surprised惊讶的；unhappy不开心的；excited激动的；scared害怕的。根据“Did it know its name was Dog? Was it coming to me when I called?”可知Andrew对此感到很惊讶，故选A。
9．句意：不可能。
No problem没问题；No way不可能；No worry不用担心；No hurry不着急。根据“Fish aren’t that smart. Are they?”可知Andrew认为鱼没有那么聪明，故选B。
10．句意：Andrew等着Dog再游一次，然后开始吃东西。
forget忘记；avoid避免；stop停止；begin开始。根据下文“It stopped eating at once”可知此处是指鱼开始吃，故选D。
11．句意：它立刻停止进食，游向Andrew。
ran跑；swam游；walked走；jumped跳。结合语境可知鱼是在水箱里游，故选B。
12．句意：经过一个月的练习，狗狗可以游到一个小塑料球下面，把它推到水箱的顶部，把它拿回来。
pulling拉；pushing推；taking带走；turning转身。根据“by swimming under it and...it up to the top of the tank”可知鱼经过训练可以把塑料球推到水箱顶部，故选B。
13．句意：然后安德鲁就可以把球扔回水中。
off离开；away远离；back返回；out外出。根据“Then Andrew could drop the ball...into the water.”结合语境可知Andrew把球扔回水里。故选C。
14．句意：每当Andrew走进房间，Dog总是游上来，给他一个快乐的泡泡。
never从不；seldom几乎不；sometimes有时候；always总是。根据“Whenever”可推知金鱼总是会游上来。故选D。
15．句意：每当Andrew走进房间，Dog总是游上来，给他一个快乐的泡泡。
bubble气泡；bark吠叫；miaow喵；touch触摸。根据上文“a gentle bark or a miaow”可知Andrew想养狗或猫，因为想得到“bark”或“miaow”这样的迎接方式，但是他养了一条鱼，可知他得到的迎接方式是“气泡”，故选A。
例2（2022·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）
“Hey, how are you doing? I’m Courtney. What grade are you in? What’s your favourite book? Elephant and Piggy? Yeah, I got it.”
If you think you have walked into a library with a ____16____ like that, you are exactly wrong. ____17____, you’ve entered the workplace of Courtney Holmes, known as the Storybook Barber (理发师).
Two years ago, his small town held its first yearly Back to School Party, offering needy families a ____18____ to learn about free resources in the community. Holmes, a warm-hearted barber agreed to take part. Though he was very busy, he choose to donate his ____19____ to give free haircuts to needy kids so that they’d look tidy on that first chose to donate his day of school. Suddenly, a(n) ____20____ went through his mind, “The kids should go on getting their free ____21____ by having to read a book to me.”
The idea was so ____22____ that he continued it for the next two years. Kids aged 5-10 would grab a favourite book, sit in the barber chair, and ____23____ while Holmes snipped (剪). If they stuttered (结结巴巴) over a word, Holmes was there to ____24____.
After the haircut, they’d _____25_____ the books, from the characters and vocabulary to the themes — just like in school, only more fun. Holmes realized that not every _____26_____ had the time to read with their kids. He had a talk with his neighbour Mr. Smith, “You have four kids, and you are so _____27_____ that sitting down and listening to them read is the last thing you have time to do. Just bring in your kids and let them read to _____28_____.”
Holmes added, “I, too, _____29_____ the free snip-and-reads. Last month, there was a seven-year-old boy, Bob, who tried hard to read through his book, stuttering over words, and then I asked the boy to take the book home and practice. _____30_____ the kid came back a few days later, he read it with no problems. That inspires (鼓舞) me,” said Holmes.
16．A．surprise B．question C．greeting D．suggestion
17．A．As usual B．In fact C．In general D．Above all
18．A．job B．thought C．possibility D．chance
19．A．money B．books C．time D．hair
20．A．courage B．imagination C．story D．idea
21．A．haircut B．education C．books D．resource
22．A．important B．necessary C．popular D．interesting
23．A．read aloud B．have chats C．have fun D．think hard
24．A．stop B．beat C．help D．laugh
25．A．review B．read C．write D．create
26．A．barber B．neighbour C．teacher D．parent
27．A．happy B．busy C．worried D．energetic
28．A．mе B．you C．us D．them
29．A．know B．enjoy C．need D．join
30．A．Since B．When C．Before D．Until
【答案】
16．C    17．B    18．D    19．C    20．D    21．A    22．C    23．A    24．C    25．A    26．D    27．B    28．A    29．B    30．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了考特尼·福尔摩斯创立了Storybook Barber，让贫穷的孩子们通过给他读一本书获得免费理发的机会。
16．句意：如果你以为你走进图书馆就会有这样的问候，那你就大错特错了。
surprise惊奇；question问题；greeting问候；suggestion建议。根据““Hey, how are you doing? I’m Courtney. What grade are you in? What’s your favourite book? Elephant and Piggy?”可知这些都是问候，故选C。
17．句意：事实上，你进入了考特尼·福尔摩斯的工作场所，人称故事书理发师。
As usual和往常一样；In fact事实上；In general大体上；Above all首先。根据“you are exactly wrong”可知此处是用于修正、引出相反意见，用in fact，故选B。
18．句意：两年前，他所在的小镇举办了第一次年度返校聚会，为贫困家庭提供了了解社区免费资源的机会。
job工作；thought思维；possibility可能性；chance机会。根据“learn about free resources in the community”可知此处是指为贫困家庭提供了了解社区免费资源的机会。故选D。
19．句意：虽然他很忙，但他选择捐出自己的时间给有需要的孩子免费理发。
money金钱；books书本；time时间；hair头发。根据“Though he was very busy”可知此处指的是付出时间，故选C。
20．句意：突然，一个想法在他的脑海中闪过。
courage勇气；imagination想象；story故事；idea想法。根据下文“The idea”可知指的是想法，idea是原词复现，故选D。
21．句意：孩子们应该继续免费理发，但必须给我读一本书。
haircut剪发；education教育；books书；resource资源。根据上文“free haircuts”可知指的是免费的理发，故选A。
22．句意：这个想法非常受欢迎，他在接下来的两年里一直坚持着。
important重要的；necessary有必要的；popular受欢迎的；interesting有趣的。根据“he continued it for the next two years.”可知两年里他一直坚持着这个让孩子读书的想法，说明这个想法是受欢迎的，故选C。
23．句意：5-10岁的孩子会拿起一本最喜欢的书，坐在理发椅上，在福尔摩斯剪头发的时候大声朗读。
read aloud大声读；have chats聊天；have fun玩得开心；think hard认真想。根据上文“having to read a book to me.”可知是指孩子读书，故选A。
24．句意：如果他们结结巴巴地说了一个字，福尔摩斯就会来帮忙。
stop停止； beat打败；help帮助；laugh嘲笑。根据“If they stuttered(结结巴巴) over a word”可知如果孩子在一个字上读得结结巴巴，他就会来帮助孩子，故选C。
25．句意：理发后，他们会复习书本。
review复习；read阅读；write写；create创造。根据“from the characters and vocabulary to the themes”结合语境可知从人物、词汇到主题，这是一种复习方式，故选A。
26．句意：福尔摩斯意识到不是每个父母都有时间和他们的孩子一起读书。
barber理发师；neighbour邻居；teacher老师；parent父母。根据“ read with their kids”可知是指父母，故选D。
27．句意：你有四个孩子，你太忙了，坐下来听他们读书是你最没有时间做的事情。
happy开心；busy忙碌的；worried担心的；energetic有精力的。根据“You have four kids”以及上文“not every...had the time to read with their kids”可知此处是指对方太忙了，故选B。
28．句意：把你的孩子带来，让他们读给我听。
mе我；you你；us我们；them他们。根据上文“by having to read a book to me.”可知是读给“我”，故选A。
29．句意：我也很喜欢这种免费的边剪发边阅读。
know知道；enjoy享受；need需要；join加入。根据“the free snip-and-reads”结合上文的内容介绍可知，福尔摩斯很享受这种方式，故选B。
30．句意：当孩子几天后回来时，他看了这本书，没有任何问题。
Since自从；When当……时候；Before在……之前；Until直到。根据“the kid came back a few days later, he read it with no problems”结合语境可知，此处指的是当孩子回来的时候，应用when引导时间状语从句，故选B。
例3（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“What’s this?” Bob asked, pointing at a wooden box on the sidewalk (人行道). The sign on it said Little Free Library.
“I’ve heard of those.” Bob’s elder sister Lily said. “People make them and put books ____31____. Other people take away the books they want and add the ____32____ they’ve already read.”
“I want to make something like that,” said Bob. “For kids to exchange books.”
“What if(要是……会怎么样) it doesn’t work?” Lily asked.
“Why wouldn’t it ____33____?” asked Bob. Lily shrugged(耸肩), “Maybe kids won’t notice it, or maybe they won’t want to ____34____ their books.”
“I’d like to try anyway.” Bob said, “Will you help me make one?” “Sure,” Lily said. “I’ll also ask Dad for ____35____.”
Bob ran inside to collect books while Lily talked to Dad. With Dad’s help they ____36____ a wooden box. They put a door on it and attached(固定) the box to post(桩). Then they dug a hole in their front yard and lifted the post into the hole.
Bob put the books inside the box and closed the ____37____. “Now I just have to wait.” he said. Three times that day, Bob ran outside to check. ____38____ each time his books were the only ones inside.
For the next few days, Bob ____39____ the box again and again. However, his books were still there. “I guess you were right, Lily,” Bob said. “No kids want to exchange books.” “I know you really wanted your ____40____ work, Bob,” Lily said. “I’m sorry it didn’t.”
The next two days, Bob didn’t check the box. “Aren’t you going to check your little ____41____, Bob?” Lily asked. “Maybe ____42____ decided to exchange. You can go and have a look.”
Bob walked slowly to the box. He opened the door. His books were gone. Instead, the box was ____43____ with new books. “Wow, it worked!” Bob shouted excitedly.
Indeed, it was Lily who helped her brother Bob. She called all the ____44____ kids in the neighborhood and asked them to tell their younger sisters and brothers.
Bob’s idea worked ____45____. He was very lucky to have new books to read and a very good sister.
31．A．inside B．outside C．forward D．upward
32．A．letters B．words C．books D．papers
33．A．stay B．work C．keep D．change
34．A．shake B．spell C．share D．sell
35．A．fun B．hope C．joy D．help
36．A．gave B．made C．broke D．drew
37．A．wall B．floor C．window D．door
38．A．And B．So C．But D．Since
39．A．checked B．fixed C．knocked D．closed
40．A．story B．idea C．order D．joke
41．A．office B．library C．museum D．classroom
42．A．someone B．anyone C．nobody D．none
43．A．locked B．connected C．charged D．filled
44．A．stronger B．shorter C．older D．larger
45．A．at last B．in all C．at first D．above all
【答案】
31．A    32．C    33．B    34．C    35．D    36．B    37．D    38．C    39．A    40．B    41．B    42．A    43．D    44．C    45．A

【导语】本文讲述了鲍勃创办小小免费图书馆的事情。
31．句意：人们制作它们并把书放在里面。
inside在里面；outside在外面；forward向前；upward向上；根据“pointing at a wooden box on the sidewalk (人行道). The sign on it said Little Free Library.”可知，应该是把书放在箱子里面，故选A。
32．句意：其他人拿走他们想要的书，添加他们已经读过的书。
letters信；words单词；books书；papers试卷；根据“Other people take away the books they want”可知，是把已经读过的书放进去，故选C。
33．句意：为什么不起作用？
stay停留；work工作，奏效；keep保持；change改变；根据“What if(要是……会怎么样) it doesn’t work?”可知，这里问如果不奏效怎么办，故选B。
34．句意：或者他们不想分享他们的书。
shake摇动；spell拼写；share分享；sell卖；根据“The sign on it said Little Free Library.”可知，里面的书是人们分享的，故选C。
35．句意：我也会向爸爸寻求帮助。
fun乐趣；hope希望；joy高兴；help帮助；根据“With Dad’s help”可知，是向爸爸寻求帮助，故选D。
36．句意：在爸爸的帮助下，他们制作了木箱。
gave给；made制作；broke打破；drew画；根据“Will you help me make one”可知，是制作了一个木箱，故选B。
37．句意：鲍勃把书放进箱子里，关上了门。
wall墙；floor地板；window窗户；door门；根据“They put a door on it...Bob put the books inside the box and closed”可知，是把书放进去，关上门，故选D。
38．句意：但每次里面只有他的书。
And和；So因此；But但是；Since既然；空格前后是转折关系，应用but连接，故选C。
39．句意：在接下来的几天里，鲍勃一次又一次地检查这个箱子。
checked检查；fixed安装；knocked敲；closed关闭；根据“the box again and again. However, his books were still there.”可知，是检查箱子，故选A。
40．句意：我知道你很想让你的想法实现，鲍勃。
story故事；idea主意；order秩序；joke笑话；根据“Bob’s idea worked”可知，建立这个箱式共享图书馆是鲍勃的一个主意，故选B。
41．句意：你不去看看你的小图书馆吗，鲍勃？
office办公室；library图书馆；museum博物馆；classroom教室；根据“Little Free Library”可知，这是一个图书馆，故选B。
42．句意：也许有人决定交换。
someone有人；anyone任何人；nobody没有人；none全无；根据“decided to exchange. You can go and have a look.”可知，是说或许有人想交换，故选A。
43．句意：相反，盒子里装满了新书。
locked锁；connected连接；charged控告；filled填满；根据“the box was...with new books. ‘Wow, it worked!’ Bob shouted excitedly.”可知，箱子里装满了新书，故选D。
44．句意：她打电话给附近所有大一点的孩子，让他们告诉自己的弟弟妹妹。
stronger更强壮的；shorter更短的；older更老的；larger更大的；根据“kids in the neighborhood and asked them to tell their younger sisters and brothers.”可知，是打电话给大一些的孩子，故选C。
45．句意：鲍勃的想法终于奏效了。
at last最后；in all总共；at first起初；above all毕竟；根据上文的描述可知，鲍勃的主意最终还是奏效了，故选A。
例4（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Five years ago, I was at school when I got a call from Mum. She said that our house was completely destroyed in a terrible tornado（龙卷风）. I felt ___46___ after hearing the news and then rushed back home. ___47___ ,  neither of my parents got hurt. But Mum couldn’t stop crying since we had ___48___ left. Seeing the tears on her face, I walked up and tried to ___49___ her. After a short of fear, we calmed down and started to think about what could be done next.
Some ___50___ from the local government came to help in time. They offered us some food and money which we needed most. We ___51___ the following few days in a community centre but still didn’t know what was waiting for us.
One of my best friends, Elsa, hurried there with a large sized ___52___ in her hand. In it, there was some fruit, biscuits, two coats and so on. I found neither of the coats was ___53___ for me. But I really didn’t mind because her care was far more than that. It was more touching that I ___54___ got some books to read from her bag.
As days went by, we ___55___ to my uncle’s old flat which stayed empty for a couple of years. It was much ___56___ , but after all it was a place called home. ___57___ we moved in, life was better. However, our relatives, friends and some strangers continued to help us.
Thanks to ___58___ help, we finally lived through the pain. And for the first time I realized that ___59___ was enough when I had nothing else left in my life.
Looking back now, the ___60___ time turns out to be an unforgettable experience. No one can tell when the disaster will come and what it may cause, but if we have some space for others in our heart and are ready to help, we can get over any “tornado” in our life.
46．A．excited B．scared C．bored D．relaxed
47．A．Luckily B．Proudly C．Unluckily D．Unhappily
48．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
49．A．encourage B．miss C．believe D．greet
50．A．policemen B．doctors C．teachers D．officers
51．A．saved B．forgot C．enjoyed D．spent
52．A．coat B．box C．bag D．pocket
53．A．special B．dirty C．ugly D．fit
54．A．still B．even C．hardly D．ever
55．A．returned B．moved C．travelled D．ran
56．A．smaller B．bigger C．brighter D．closer
57．A．Until B．Before C．After D．Whenever
58．A．his B．her C．our D．their
59．A．courage B．friendship C．love D．trust
60．A．strange B．hard C．happy D．free
【答案】
46．B    47．A    48．C    49．A    50．D    51．D    52．C    53．D    54．B    55．B    56．A    57．C    58．D    59．C    60．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者遭遇龙卷风后遇到了很多人的帮助。
46．句意：听到这个消息后我感到很害怕，然后就冲回家去了。
excited兴奋的；scared害怕的；bored无聊的；relaxed放松的。根据“after hearing the news ”可知，听了新闻之后很害怕，故选B。
47．句意：幸运的是，我父母都没有受伤。
Luckily幸运地；Proudly骄傲地；Unluckily不幸运地；Unhappily不高兴地。根据“neither of my parents got hurt”可知，很幸运父母没有受伤，故选A。
48．句意：但是妈妈止不住地哭，因为我们什么都没有了。
something一些；anything任何；nothing什么都没有；everything一切。根据“But Mum couldn't stop crying”可知，龙卷风之后，什么都没有了，故选C。
49．句意：我走上前，试图鼓励她。
encourage鼓励；miss思念；believe相信；greet打招呼。根据“I walked up”可知，上前去安慰母亲，故选A。
50．句意：当地政府的一些官员及时赶来帮忙。
policemen警察；doctors医生；teachers老师；officers官员。根据“from the local government”可知，是政府官员，故选D。
51．句意：我们在一个社区中心度过了接下来的几天，但仍然不知道等待我们的是什么。
saved拯救；forgot忘记；enjoyed享受；spent度过。根据“in a community centre”可知，在这里度过几天，故选D。
52．句意：埃尔莎手里拿着一个大袋子，匆匆赶到那里。
coat外套；box盒子；bag袋子；pocket口袋。根据“from her bag”可知，手里拿着袋子，故选C。
53．句意：我发现两件外套都不适合我
special特殊的；dirty脏的；ugly丑陋的；fit合适。根据“But I really didn’t mind because her care was far more than that.”可知，外套不合适，故选D。
54．句意：更令人感动的是，我甚至从她的包里拿了一些书来读。
still仍然；even甚至；hardly几乎不；ever曾经。根据“got some books to read”可知，袋子里甚至有书，故选B。
55．句意：日子一天天过去，我们搬到了我叔叔的旧公寓里，好几年都没人住。
returned返回；moved搬；travelled旅行；ran跑。根据“to my uncle's old flat”可知，搬进旧公寓，故选B。
56．句意：它要小得多，但毕竟是一个叫做家的地方。
smaller更小；bigger更大；brighter更明亮；closer更近。根据“but after all it was a place called home.”可知，公寓很小，故选A。
57．句意：我们搬进来后，生活变得更好了。
Until直到；Before在……之前；After在……之后；Whenever无论何时。根据“life was better.”可知，搬进公寓之后生活更好了，故选C。
58．句意：多亏了他们的帮助，我们终于熬过了痛苦。
his他的；her她的；our我们的；their他们的。根据“However, our relatives, friends and some strangers continued to help us.”可知，多亏了他们的帮助，故选D。
59．句意：我第一次意识到，当我的生命中一无所有时，有爱就足够了。
courage勇气；friendship友谊；love爱；trust信任。根据“when I had nothing else left in my life”可知，什么都没有的时候，有爱就足够了，故选C。
60．句意：现在回想起来，那段艰难的时光是一段难忘的经历。
strange奇怪的；hard艰难的；happy快乐的；free自由的。根据全文内容可知，是一段艰难时期，故选B。
例5（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）
Once upon a time, there was a little sparrow. This sparrow was always on the hunt for something to eat and one day he happened upon a big bean. But before he could ____61____ it, he had to wash his hands. He hid the bean on a bridge and flew down to the ____62____ below to clean up.
“I just can’t wait for my wonderful ____63____,” the sparrow said to himself. Then he ____64____ his way back up to the bridge. “I won’t have to work for a week!” But when he got back to his ____65____ place, the bean was gone!
As the sparrow flew around looking for his lost treasure, he saw a ____66____ coming over the bridge. “____67____ , can you help me find my bean?” the sparrow asked. “Please, do I look like I have time to find a tiny bean? Find it ____68____ ,” said the farmer as he walked away.
Next, the sparrow saw a soldier coming over the bridge. He asked the soldier the ____69____ question. “Please, little bird, I have no time for you,” he said and walked on. Then a minister（大臣）came walking by, but  ____70____ the sparrow could even ask, he laughed and walked away. The little bird had ____71____ given up hope, when the king came up the bridge, riding on an elephant. The sparrow repeated his question, but the king didn’t ____72____ him. The sparrow sat on the bridge, hungry and sad.
An ant came by. After he heard the sparrow’s story, he went up to the elephant. “Tell the king to find that poor bird’s ____73____ , or I will go inside your ear and bite you!” The elephant stopped, turned to the king and said, “Go help that sparrow, or I will throw you off.” The king was ____74____ . He called the minister over and the minister ordered the soldier. Then the soldier went over to the farmer, “Find that bird’s bean, or I’ll kick you off this bridge!” The farmer ____75____ all day and as the sun was setting, he finally found the bean. The sparrow was thankful, and he ate well for the next week.
61．A．plant B．sell C．drop D．eat
62．A．hill B．river C．tree D．forest
63．A．breakfast B．lunch C．supper D．dinner
64．A．lost B．felt C．made D．fought
65．A．sleeping B．playing C．working D．hiding
66．A．farmer B．soldier C．minister D．king
67．A．Thank you B．Excuse me C．I’m sorry D．Come on
68．A．myself B．herself C．yourself D．himself
69．A．same B．different C．opposite D．common
70．A．while B．after C．before D．until
71．A．again B．almost C．already D．always
72．A．get on with B．catch up with C．take notice of D．think highly of
73．A．meat B．drink C．fruit D．food
74．A．scared B．satisfied C．excited D．bored
75．A．regretted B．thought C．waited D．searched
【答案】
61．D    62．B    63．A    64．C    65．D    66．A    67．B    68．C    69．A    70．C    71．B    72．C    73．D    74．A    75．D

【导语】本文是一篇童话故事，讲述麻雀的豆子失而复得的故事。
61．句意：但在他吃之前，他必须洗手。
plant种植；sell卖；drop掉落；eat吃。根据前句“one day he happened upon a big bean”可知，是吃豆子，故选D。
62．句意：他把豆子藏在一座桥上，然后飞到下面的河里清理。
hill小山；river河；tree树；forest森林。根据“he had to wash his hands”可知，要洗手，所以是去河边，故选B。
63．句意：我等不及我那美味的早餐了。
breakfast早餐；lunch午餐；supper晚餐；dinner晚餐。根据“The farmer...all day and as the sun was setting”可知，找了一整天，所以麻雀打算把豆子当早餐，故选A。
64．句意：后他回到了桥上。
lost失去；felt感觉；made制作；fought打仗。根据“Then he...his way back up to the bridge.”可知，此处是“make one’s way back up to sp”短语，意为“设法回到某地”，故选C。
65．句意：但当他回到藏身之处时，豆子不见了！
sleeping睡觉；playing玩；working工作；hiding隐藏。根据前文“He hid the bean on a bridge”可知，把豆子藏起来了，故选D。
66．句意：当麻雀飞来飞去寻找他丢失的财宝时，他看见一个农夫从桥上走过来。
farmer农夫；soldier军人；minister大臣；king国王。根据“said the farmer as he walked away”可知，是一位农夫，故选A。
67．句意：打扰了，你能帮我找到我的豆子吗？
Thank you谢谢你；Excuse me打扰；I’m sorry抱歉；Come on加油。请对方帮忙，应说“打扰了”，故选B。
68．句意：你自己去找吧。
myself我自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己。根据“Find it...”可知，农夫让麻雀自己找，故选C。
69．句意：他问士兵同样的问题。
same相同的；different不同的；opposite对立的；common共同的。联系上下文，麻雀问了相同的问题，故选A。
70．句意：这时，一位大臣从旁边走过，但麻雀还没来得及问，他就笑着走开了。
while当……时；after在……之后；before在……之前；until直到。根据“but...he sparrow could even ask, he laughed and walked away”可知，麻雀还没开口，大臣就笑着走开了，故选C。
71．句意：就在小鸟几乎放弃希望的时候，国王骑着一头大象上了桥。
again再；almost几乎；already已经；always总是。根据“The little bird had...given up hope”和前文可知，没人愿意帮助麻雀，他几乎放弃希望了，故选B。
72．句意：但是国王并没有注意到他。
get on with和……相处；catch up with赶上；take notice of注意；think highly of高度评价。根据“but the king didn’t...him”可知，国王没注意到麻雀，故选C。
73．句意：告诉国王去找那只可怜的鸟的食物，否则我就钻进你的耳朵里咬你！
meat肉；drink饮料；fruit水果；food食物。豆子是麻雀的食物，故选D。
74．句意：国王很害怕。
scared害怕的；satisfied满意的；excited激动的；bored无聊的。根据“Go help that sparrow, or I will throw you off.”可知，大象威胁要把国王仍下去，所以国王很害怕，故选A。
75．句意：农夫找了一整天，当太阳落山时，他终于找到了豆子。
regretted后悔；thought认为；waited等待；searched搜寻。根据“The farmer...all day and as the sun was setting, he finally found the bean.”可知，农夫找了一整天才找到豆子，故选D。

例6（2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When we entered Grandma’s house, I tried not to look at Grandpa’s chair, but I saw it anyway. Even the blanket (毛毯) was still there, as if Grandpa still sat there and pulled it over his legs. I was not much of a hugger, but I gave ____76____ a hug.
John and Max, my twin cousins, were fighting on the floor as if ____77____ had happened, as if Grandpa hadn’t died last winter.
“Let’s go looking for lobsters (龙虾)!” John suggested while Max was sitting on top of him.
“Yeah!” Then Max ____78____ John and ran to the small hall closet. He pulled out Grandpa’s lobster trap, with which Grandpa taught us all how to catch lobsters.
Last summer when I was holding that trap in my hands, Grandpa asked me if I wanted to stay and ____79____ him to teach Bob, my little brother, how to play chess. I said no. I wanted to catch lobsters with my cousins. But now when Grandpa was gone, there wouldn’t be any ____80____ with Grandpa.
“Hey, are you coming?” John asked me from the doorway.
“Of course.” I said.
“I’m coming, too,” Bob, my brother, shouted with ____81____.
“No way,” I said to Bob. “You are too young.”
“Bob is ____82____ enough to go this year,” Mum said. “Take him with you.”
We ran down the path leading to the river near Grandma’s house. Lobsters swam at the sandy bottom of the river. We lowered the lobster trap into the river in the same way as Grandpa had ____83____ us. Then we took off our shirts and shoes and jumped in, but the water was very cold. We all jumped out almost as ____84____ as we’d gone in. After that, we encouraged each other to jump into the water again except Bob. He was the only one on the rock, but he was _____85_____ with cold. So I decided to take him home.
After sending him back home, I decided to _____86_____ back to the river. As I headed toward the door, I saw Bob wrapped in Grandpa’s blanket in the way Grandpa did last summer.
Standing in the doorway, I could hear John and Max screaming and laughing in the river. The river and the lobsters stayed the same. _____87_____ Grandpa was gone.
I walked over to Bob. “Did Grandpa ever _____88_____ you to play chess?” I asked.
“No, Grandpa was too sick last summer.” Bob said _____89_____, looking down at his fingers.
I put the chess on the table. “Well,” I said. “Someone’s got to show you.”
“I _____90_____ Grandpa,” Bob said.
“Me, too.” It seemed like Grandpa wasn’t completely gone. It felt like he was still there with the blanket, lobsters and chess.
76．A．Grandpa B．Mum C．Grandma D．Bob
77．A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything
78．A．kicked off B．jumped off C．played with D．fought with
79．A．help B．invite C．lead D．remind
80．A．blanket B．chess C．chair D．lobster
81．A．difficulty B．regret C．excitement D．pride
82．A．bright B．patient C．healthy D．old
83．A．praised B．shown C．expected D．provided
84．A．slowly B．quickly C．gently D．heavily
85．A．shaking B．breathing C．changing D．moving
86．A．drive B．swim C．look D．go
87．A．but B．or C．and D．so
88．A．advise B．encourage C．teach D．allow
89．A．proudly B．happily C．coldly D．sadly
90．A．respect B．support C．miss D．trust
【答案】
76．A    77．A    78．B    79．A    80．B    81．C    82．D    83．B    84．B    85．A    86．D    87．A    88．C    89．D    90．C

【导语】本文作者讲述了与爷爷之间的一些回忆，虽然爷爷去世了，但是作者依旧很想念他。
76．句意：我不太喜欢拥抱，但我给了爷爷一个拥抱。
Grandpa爷爷；Mum妈妈；Grandma奶奶；Bob鲍勃。根据“Even the blanket(毛毯) was still there, as if Grandpa still sat there and pulled it over his legs.”可知，此处是给爷爷一个拥抱。故选A。
77．句意：我的孪生表兄弟约翰和马克斯在地板上打架，好像什么都没发生过，好像爷爷去年冬天没死一样。
nothing没有事；something某事；everything每件事；anything任何事。根据“as if Grandpa hadn’t died last winter.”可知，此处是指好像什么事情都没发生过。故选A。
78．句意：然后马克斯从约翰身上跳下去，跑向大厅的小壁橱。
kicked off踢开；jumped off跳下；played with和……玩；fought with与（某人）交战。根据“John suggested while Max was sitting on top of him.”（……，约翰建议，马克斯坐在他身上）可知，马克斯是从约翰身上跳下去。故选B。
79．句意：爷爷问我是否愿意留下来帮助他教我弟弟鲍勃下棋。
help帮助；invite邀请；lead导致；remind提醒。根据“Grandpa asked me if I wanted to stay and...him to teach Bob”可知，爷爷是希望作者留下来帮助他教弟弟下棋。故选A。
80．句意：可现在爷爷走了，就再也没有和爷爷下棋了。
blanket毯子；chess棋；chair椅子；lobster龙虾。根据“my little brother, how to play chess.”可知，此处是指爷爷走了，所以再也不能下棋了。故选B。
81．句意：“我也要来，”我弟弟鲍勃兴奋地喊道。
difficulty困难；regret后悔；excitement兴奋；pride自豪。根据“I’m coming, too,”可知，弟弟也想一起去抓龙虾，应是兴奋地说。in excitement“兴奋地”。故选C。
82．句意：“鲍勃今年已经够大了，”妈妈说。 “带上他”。
bright明亮的；patient有耐心的；healthy健康的；old年纪大的。根据“Take him with you.”可知，此处是指弟弟足够大了。故选D。
83．句意：我们把捕龙虾器放进河里，就像爷爷给我们展示的那样。
praised表扬；shown展示；expected期望；provided提供。根据“with which Grandpa taught us all how to catch lobsters.”以及“as Grandpa had...us.”可知，此处是指像爷爷给我们展示的那样。故选B。
84．句意：我们几乎和进去一样快地跳了出来。
slowly缓慢地；quickly快速地；gently轻轻地；heavily沉重地。根据“the water was very cold.”可知，水很冷，应是很快地跳出来。故选B。
85．句意：他是岩石上唯一的一个，但他冷得发抖。
shaking颤动；breathing呼吸；changing改变；moving移动。根据“but he was...with cold.”可知，此处表示转折，虽然在岩石上，但是冷得发抖。故选A。
86．句意：送他回家后，我决定回到河边。
drive开车；swim游泳；look看起来；go去。根据“back to the river.”可知，此处是指回到河边。固定短语go back to“回到……”。故选D。
87．句意：河水和龙虾还是保持原样。但是爷爷已经走了。
but但是；or或者，否则；and和；so因此。前后句之间是转折关系，用连词but。故选A。
88．句意：“爷爷教过你下棋吗？”我问。
advise建议；encourage鼓励；teach教；allow允许。根据“him to teach Bob, my little brother, how to play chess.”可知，此处是询问是否教过下棋。故选C。
89．句意：“不，爷爷去年夏天病得太重了。”鲍勃悲伤地说，低头看着他的手指。
proudly自豪地；happily开心地；coldly冷地；sadly悲伤地。根据“looking down at his fingers.”可知，弟弟是很悲伤的。故选D。
90．句意：“我想念爷爷，”鲍勃说。
respect尊敬；support支持；miss思念；trust相信。根据“‘Me, too.’ It seemed like Grandpa wasn’t completely gone. It felt like he was still there with the blanket, lobsters and chess.”可知，此处是表示想念爷爷。故选C。


完形填空
1.考查原则：
（1）注重在语境中综合考查学生对词义的辨析.理解与搭配。
（2）考查结合语境进行分析,判断的能力。
2、设题原则：
（1）设空以实词(名词、形容词,副词及动词等)为主,虚词为辅,实词与虚词的比例基本是8:2或7:3.
（2）设题角度以根据上下文语境考查形近词或近义词的辨析 为主,减少了单纯考查语法的题目。
3.答题误区：
误区1:对篇章知识理解不准确
应充分利用首句、首段等信息理解篇章大意。
误区2:忽视上下文逻辑关系
事实细节不会孤立出现,应结合文章前后内容,利用因果.类比、时间、空间等关系,。
误区3:语法知识运用不准确
做题时应考虑句子结构和动词形式。
误区4:凭主观想象选择答案
应站在作者的立场上去做题。
误区5;固定搭配掌握不到位
应积累、记牢常用短语和搭配。


【变式1】（2022·江苏泰州·校考三模）
I walked into a restaurant and ordered some food. ___91___ about 20 minutes, a large group of people came in and placed their own orders.
To my disappointment, the group got ___92___ before me. I watched as they began to eat and ___93___ heartily. I overheard one of them bragging about (吹嘘) how he was ___94___ to someone who worked at the restaurant. Unable to take it anymore, I decided to leave. I called the waiter over to ___95___ my order.
He calmly told me, “___96___ is a special order being prepared by the head chef himself. It’ll take a little more time. Please have a drink while you are ___97___.”
I calmed down and waited ___98___. Shortly after, my meal was served by six waiters.
To my surprise, the owner of the restaurant ___99___ to be a long-lost friend of mine. He’d seen me as I walked in and decided to ___100___ me. He upgraded (升级) my simple meal to a five-star meal for free. The people at the other table were ___101___ and couldn’t stop staring. Suddenly they started murmuring (低声抱怨), asking ___102___ they didn’t get that kind of service.
Such is life! Some people are ahead of you, laughing at you and talking about how they are smarter, wiser and ___103___ than you, how they are well-connected and blessed (幸福的). You are working hard tirelessly, ___104___ why it’s taking so long for you to be rewarded the way they have.
You just ___105___ wait longer because your reward is more special.
91．A．Before B．After C．During D．Since
92．A．served B．caught C．jumped D．heard
93．A．clean B．leave C．forget D．laugh
94．A．provided B．connected C．protected D．remembered
95．A．refuse B．agree C．cancel D．change
96．A．You B．Your C．Yours D．Theirs
97．A．eating B．thinking C．leaving D．waiting
98．A．patiently B．angrily C．fearfully D．carefully
99．A．paid attention B．looked forward C．got used D．turned out
100．A．encourage B．expect C．discuss D．surprise
101．A．shocked B．grateful C．tired D．excited
102．A．what B．why C．whether D．which
103．A．wider B．taller C．better D．harder
104．A．believing B．accepting C．wondering D．receiving
105．A．dare to B．have to C．would D．could
【答案】
91．B    92．A    93．D    94．B    95．C    96．C    97．D    98．A    99．D    100．D    101．A    102．B    103．C    104．C    105．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者去饭店吃饭的经历，虽然是作者先到的，但是在作者之后到的人却先吃上了点的饭菜，这使作者心理很不平衡。当服务生向作者说明真相后，才突然顿悟：等得久是因为好饭菜需要时间来准备。
91．句意：大约20分钟后，一大群人走了进来，下了订单。
Before在……之前；After在……之后；During在……期间；Since自从。根据下句“To my disappointment, the group got…before me.”可知，应是在作者来饭店20分钟后，这一大群人走了进来。故选B。
92．句意：令我失望的是，这群人比我先得到了服务。
served服务，上菜；caught抓住；jumped跳；heard听见。根据后句“I watched as they began to eat”可知，应是这群人比我先得到了服务。故选A。
93．句意：我看着他们开始尽情地吃东西、笑着。
clean打扫；leave离开；forget忘记；laugh笑。承接空前“as they began to eat”语境和and提示可知，应是尽情地吃东西和笑着。故选D。
94．句意：我无意中听到其中一个人吹嘘他怎么同餐厅的工作人员联系。
provided提供；connected联系；protected保护；remembered记住。根据“bragging about”和“someone who worked at the restaurant”可知，此处应为其中一个人吹嘘他怎么同餐厅的工作人员联系。故选B。
95．句意：我叫服务员来取消我的订单。
refuse拒绝；agree同意；cancel取消；change改变。根据前句“Unable to take it anymore, I decided to leave.”可知，应是取消订单。故选C。
96．句意：你的订单是主厨亲自准备的特别订单。
You你；Your你的，形容词性物主代词；Yours你的，名词性物主代词；Theirs他们的。根据后句“It’ll take a little more time.”可知，应是你的订单是特殊的，由厨师长亲自做，此处缺少名词性物主代词作主语。故选C。
97．句意：请你在等待的期间喝一杯饮料。
eating吃；thinking考虑；leaving离开；waiting等待。根据“It’ll take a little more time.”可知，应是在等待的期间喝杯饮料。故选D。
98．句意：我冷静下来，耐心地等待。
patiently耐心地；angrily生气地；fearfully害怕地；carefully仔细地。根据前句“I calmed down”可知，应是耐心地等待。故选A。
99．句意：令我惊讶的是，饭店老板结果是我失散多年的朋友。
paid attention集中注意力；looked forward向前看；get used习惯；turned out结果是。根据空前“To my surprise,”及语境可知，应是餐馆老板结果是我失散多年的朋友，turn out“结果是”，表示出乎意料。故选D。
100．句意：他看到我走进来，决定给我一个惊喜。
encourage鼓励；expect期待；discuss讨论；surprise惊喜。根据下句“He upgraded (升级) my simple meal to a five-star meal for free.”可知，应是饭店的老板想给作者一个惊喜。故选D。
101．句意：另一张桌子上的人感到很震惊，忍不住注视着。
shocked震惊的；grateful感激的；tired疲倦的；excited激动的。根据后句“and couldn’t stop staring.”可知，应是另一张桌子上的人感到很震惊。故选A。
102．句意：突然，他们开始低声抱怨，问他们为什么没有得到这种服务。
what什么；why为什么；whether是否；which哪一个。根据前句“Suddenly they started murmuring (低声抱怨),”可知，应是抱怨他们为什么没有得到这种服务。故选B。
103．句意：有些人在你前面，嘲笑你，谈论他们如何比你更聪明、更明智、更好。
wider更宽广；taller更高；better更好；harder更困难。根据空前“how they are smarter, wiser”和and提示可知，应是比你更好。故选C。
104．句意：你不知疲倦地努力工作，想知道为什么你需要花很长时间才能得到回报。
believing相信；accepting接受；wondering想知道； receiving接受。根据“why it’s taking so long for you to be rewarded the way they have”可知，此处应为想知道为什么你需要花很长时间才能得到回报。故选C。
105．句意：你只需要等待更长的时间，因为你的回报更特别。
dare to敢；have to必须；would将会；could可以。根据“just”和“wait longer”可知，此处表达你只需要等待更长的时间。故选B。
【变式2】（2022·江苏淮安·校考二模）One day, I was walking back home at around 12:15 p.m. during my lunch break. Suddenly, an apple core（果核）came ____106____ toward me. It landed just before my feet. ____107____, I was not hit by it.
The apple was thrown over a wall by a school student. I live opposite a school. The wall ____108____ my apartment building（公寓楼）from the school.
Thinking it was a one-off （一次性的） experience, I told my friends, and we just ____109____ about it.
Then, the week after, I was walking along exactly the same place at exactly the same time and bam! Again, an apple came over. This time it ____110____ on the roof of a shed（棚屋）. I thought to myself, “Is it my destiny（命运）to get hit by an apple?”
Last week, I was walking back home. I checked my watch. It was 12:15 p.m.. My mind wandered（开小差） to those ____111____ experiences about fruit. But suddenly, my thoughts were interrupted（打断）by ____112____ flying apple! This one was a(n) ____113____ one. Only one bite had been taken out of it, and it was thrown with speed.
Enough was enough. ____114____ could be really hurt by these apples. Did the students not realize that people live across the wall? Or do ____115____ not care?
I told my friend about it. “You should just throw the apple back over the ____116____. That will ____117____ them a lesson.” my friend suggested. ____118____, I don’t want to play that “game”. As they say, an eye for an eye leaves the whole world blind. Besides, I might end up hurting someone ____119____ I throw it back.
Maybe I’ll call the school and let them know. The students need to know that they might end up hurting someone if they keep throwing their ____120____. What’s more, waste belongs in the bin, not anywhere else.
106．A．walking B．flying C．running D．jumping
107．A．Luckily B．Unluckily C．Suddenly D．Quickly
108．A．connects B．separates C．divides D．compares
109．A．thought B．dreamt C．heard D．laughed
110．A．landed B．arrived C．floated D．lay
111．A．one B．two C．three D．four
112．A．another B．the other C．other D．others
113．A．small B．big C．new D．old
114．A．Everybody B．Anybody C．Somebody D．Nobody
115．A．it B．I C．we D．they
116．A．wall B．school C．building D．road
117．A．hurt B．help C．encourage D．teach
118．A．Moreover B．However C．Otherwise D．Instead
119．A．since B．unless C．if D．until
120．A．waste B．books C．food D．money
【答案】
106．B    107．A    108．B    109．D    110．A    111．B    112．A    113．B    114．C    115．D    116．A    117．D    118．B    119．C    120．A

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者几次遭遇苹果核的袭击，朋友建议她要以牙还牙，给墙那边的学生们一个教训，而作者认为这样做可能会伤害到别人，所以作者接下来会把这一切报告给学校。
106．句意：突然，一个苹果核朝我飞来。
walking走路；flying飞行；running跑步；jumping跳跃。根据“an apple core（果核）came…toward me”及“flying apple”可知，苹果核飞向了作者，故选B。
107．句意：幸运的是，我没有被它击中。
Luckily幸运地；Unluckily不幸地；Suddenly突然；Quickly快速地。根据“I was not hit by it”可知，没有苹果核打中，是一件幸运的事，故选A。
108．句意：那堵墙把我住的公寓楼和学校隔开了。
connects连接；separates分离；divides划分；compares比较。根据“my apartment building（公寓楼）from the school”可知，作者住的公寓楼和学校隔开了，故选B。
109．句意：我们只是一笑了之。
thought思想；dreamt梦想；heard听说；laughed笑。根据“Thinking it was a one-off （一次性的） experience”可知，对于这种一次性的经历，作者和朋友一笑了之，故选D。
110．句意：这次它落在了一个棚屋的屋顶上。
landed着陆；arrived到达；floated漂流；lay躺。根据“on the roof of a shed”可知，苹果核这次落在了一个棚屋的屋顶上，故选A。
111．句意：我想起了那两次关于水果的经历。
one一个；two二个；three三个；four四个。根据第一段以及第四段可知，作者一共经历了两次，故选B。
112．句意：但突然，我的思绪被另一个飞来的苹果打断了！
another另一个（三者以上）；the other另一个（两者之间）；other其他的，后接复数名词；others其他的人或物。此处指三者以上的另一个，应填another，故选A。
113．句意：这个苹果核是大的。
small小的；big大的；new新的；old旧的。根据“Only one bite had been taken out of it, and it was thrown with speed”可知，这次被丢过来的苹果核是大的，故选B。
114．句意：有人可能会被这些苹果弄伤。
Everybody每个人；Anybody任何人；Somebody某个人；Nobody没有人。根据“Did the students not realize that people live across the wall”可知，有人可能因为这个被弄伤，故选C。
115．句意：或者他们不在乎？
it它；I我；we我们；they他们。此空指代上文的students，应用代词they代替，故选D。
116．句意：你应该把苹果扔回墙那边去。
wall墙；school学校；building大楼；road马路。根据“Did the students not realize that people live across the wall”可知，苹果核是从墙那边扔过来的，故选A。
117．句意：这将给他们一个教训。
hurt伤害；help帮助；encourage鼓励；teach教。根据“them a lesson”可知，要给他们一个教训，teach sb a lesson“给某人教训”，故选D。
118．句意：然而，我不想玩那个“游戏”。
Moreover并且；However然而；Otherwise否则；Instead反而。“You should just throw the apple back over the”与“I don’t want to play that…”是转折关系，故选B。
119．句意：而且，如果我把它扔回去可能会伤到别人。
since自从；unless除非；if如果；until直到。根据“I might end up hurting someone…I throw it back”可知，如果把苹果核扔回去可能会伤害到别人，用if引导条件状语从句，故选C。
120．句意：学生们需要知道，如果他们继续扔垃圾，最终可能会伤害到别人。
waste废物；books书；food食物；money金钱。根据“waste belongs in the bin”可知，到处扔垃圾可能会伤害到别人，故选A。
【变式3】（2022·江苏连云港·校考三模）The day before my daughter Norah’s fourth birthday, I picked her up from preschool. On the way, she said, “I like old people best because they walk slowly like I walk slowly and they have soft skin like I have soft skin.” What she said marked a ____121____ beginning.
The following day, her birthday, again on the way home, she asked ____122____ we could stop at the store to buy cakes for her. How could I say ____123____ to a birthday girl? After paying for the bill, I noticed that Norah was standing up in the cart, ____124____ announcing, “Hi, old person! It’s my birthday today!” However, the old man in front of her didn’t show he was ____125____ by my talkative child. He ____126____ with a smile, “Well, little lady! And how old are you today?” After a few minutes’ chat, Norah offered to take a photo with the old man called Mr. Dan, his expression changed from surprised to delighted. We exchanged our phone numbers. There was magic happening in the store that day, and we could ____127____ feel it.
During our first visit in Mr. Dan’s home, we walked with him to his front door. He pulled out a knife and ____128____ the only blooming red rose. He spent ten minutes cutting every thorn（刺）____129____ the stem（茎）before handing it to his new friend. Norah keeps that rose, now ____130____ as a bone, under her pillow for a long time.
Norah asks about Mr. Dan every day. She worries about him. She wonders if he’s ____131____, or cold. She wants him to be OK. She wants him to feel loved. Mr. Dan thinks about Norah too. After ____132____ recent visit, he said that he had ____133____ had a whole night’s sleep since his wife died. “Norah has healed me since meeting her.” he said. That left me ____134____ and my eyes wet with tears. Somehow, their hearts and souls seem to recognize each other from long ago. Sometimes talking to strangers can ____135____ beautiful new beginnings.
121．A．broken B．beautiful C．boring D．busy
122．A．what B．that C．if D．when
123．A．hello B．no C．yes D．thanks
124．A．excitedly B．sadly C．luckily D．carefully
125．A．treated B．trained C．trapped D．troubled
126．A．realized B．replied C．repeated D．recorded
127．A．neither B．both C．all D．none
128．A．let B．get C．put D．cut
129．A．off B．down C．into D．up
130．A．wet B．white C．dry D．red
131．A．surprised B．excited C．lonely D．silly
132．A．the other B．another C．other D．others
133．A．never B．always C．often D．usually
134．A．useless B．meaningless C．careless D．speechless
135．A．belong to B．lead to C．thanks to D．speak to
【答案】
121．B    122．C    123．B    124．A    125．D    126．B    127．C    128．D    129．A    130．C    131．C    132．B    133．A    134．D    135．B

【导语】本文讲述了有时候和陌生人的谈话会导致一个美好的开始。偶然的一次谈话，作者四岁的女儿就和一个老人成为了好朋友，还深深地影响了那个老人的生活。
121．句意：她说的话标志着一个美好的开始。
broken打破的；beautiful美丽的；boring无聊的；busy忙碌的。根据下文“Sometimes talking to strangers can ...beautiful new beginnings.”可知，这篇短文首尾呼应，因此这里是一个美好的开始，故选B。
122．句意：第二天是她的生日，在回家的路上，她问我们是否可以在商店停一下来给她买蛋糕。
what 什么；that引导宾语从句时，没有意义，在从句中也不做成分；if 是否；when什么时候。根据asked可知，是问“是否可以在商店停一下来给她买蛋糕”，用if引导宾语从句，故选C。
123．句意：我怎么能对一个过生日的女孩说不呢？
hello 你好；no不，没有；yes是的；thanks谢谢。根据下文“After paying for the bill”可知，作者答应了给女儿买蛋糕，所以是怎么能说“不”呢，故选B。
124．句意：在付了钱之后，我注意到Norah站在车里，兴奋的宣布：“嗨，老人，今天是我的生日。”
excitedly 兴奋地；sadly伤心地；luckily幸运地；carefully仔细地，认真地。根据Norah所说的话“Hi, old person! It’s my birthday today!”可知，今天是她的生日，所以她非常的开心，故选A。
125．句意：然而她前面的那个老人并没有表现出被我这个多嘴的孩子弄得心烦意乱。
treated 对待；trained训练；trapped被困；troubled使忧虑。根据下文“He... with a smile”可知，这个老人很友好，他并没有被孩子弄得心烦意乱，故选D。
126．句意：他带着微笑回答说：“亲爱的小姐，你今天几岁了？”
realized 意识到；replied 回答，回应；repeated重复；recorded记录。上文讲到作者的女儿对前面的老人说“今天是我的生日”，所以推断这里是老人的回答，故选B。
127．句意：那天在商店里发生了神奇的事情，我们都感觉到了。
neither 两者都不；both 两者都；all三者以上都；none一个也没有。根据“After a few minutes’ chat, Norah offered to take a photo with the old man called Mr. Dan, his expression changed from surprised to delighted. We exchanged our phone numbers. ”可知，这次跟老人的对话让作者的女儿和老人成为了熟人，而且还对这个老人有很大的影响，这就是这个神奇的事情，作者、她的女儿以及这个老人都能感受到。故选C。
128．句意：他拿了一把小刀，把唯一一个开花的红玫瑰剪了下来。
let 让；get得到；put放； cut切割。根据前面“He pulled out a knife”可知，老人是拿刀把玫瑰花剪了下来，故选D。
129．句意：他花了十分钟把每根刺从茎上剪下来，然后把它递给他的新朋友。
off 离开，脱落；down向下；into 进入；up向上。根据“cutting every thorn（刺）... the stem（茎）”可知，这里说的是老人把茎上的刺去掉，cut…off“剪下”，是固定短语，故选A。
130．句意：Norah把那朵玫瑰保存在她的枕头下面很长时间，现在干得就像骨头一样。
wet 湿的；white 白色的；dry干的；red红色的。根据“Norah keeps that rose …under her pillow for a long time.”可知，这朵花Norah保存了很长时间，所以花都干了，故选C。
131．句意：她想知道他是否孤独或者寒冷。
surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；lonely孤独的；silly愚蠢的。这句话说的是Norah担心老人的感受，空后有一个形容词cold，这里填的词应跟它是表达相同的情感，故选C。
132．句意：在最近的又一次拜访之后，他说自从他的妻子去世之后，他从来没有睡过一整晚的觉。
the other两者中的另一个；another不定数目中的另一个；other其他的；others其他人或物。根据上文“During our first visit in Mr. Dan’s home,”可知，上面介绍了去Dan先生家的第一次拜访，这里说的是另外一次，故选B。
133．句意：在最近的又一次拜访之后，他说自从他的妻子去世之后，他从来没有睡过一整晚的觉。
never 从不；always总是；often经常；usually通常。根据文意“...since his wife died. “Norah has healed me since meeting her”可知，Dan先生的妻子去世了，后面又提到Norah治愈了Dan先生，由此我们可以推测到，自从他的妻子去世以来，他都没有睡过整晚的觉，故选A。
134．句意：那让我说不出话来，泪水湿润了我的双眼。
useless 没用的；meaningless没意义的；careless粗心的；speechless无语的，无话可说的。根据“my eyes wet with tears.”可知，作者很受感动，她没有想到自己的女儿会对Dan先生有这么大的影响，所以是说不出话来，故选D。
135．句意：有时候跟陌生人说话会导致美丽的新的开始。
belong to 属于；lead to导致；thanks to幸亏，由于；speak to和某人说话。结合作者和女儿以及老人之间的经历可知，此处指和陌生人说话会导致一个美丽的新开始，故选B。
【变式4】（2022·江苏盐城·校考三模）Like any of the other summer days, my daughter and I were swimming in our pool. This day was common, so I had no way of knowing that this one would go down in our family history as a ____136____ we cherish(珍惜)and still talk about from time to time.
The sun was setting and the night began to fall. My daughter ____137____ it first—a spider was spinning her web in the tree that ____138____ by our pool. It surprised me that she saw this, and it surprised me even more that she wasn’t ____139____ of the spider.
Instead, she ____140____ watched as the spider kept herself busy in the cycle of life. As we both watched this wonder of nature, a very simple thought ____141____ me. I had forgotten what time it was. I honestly didn’t know ____142____ we had been just staying there and watching that spider making her web. And the truth was that we were ____143____ having fun. We were having fun without doing anything really ____144____ or special, I thought. We hadn’t saved the world or ____145____ the newest, most expensive toy. However, I believe that by ____146____ this experience of the spider building her web, we were both just quite happy.
What we had done was to spend time together and ____147____ the simple things in life. We laughed and talked about the ____148____ of life, and what it means to die and what it means to really live. We talked about how valuable our limited time is on this planet and how we should ____149____ to enjoy the simple things in life like the flight of a bird. The simple things are the ____150____ things in life, even when they include spiders and webs.
136．A．weekend B．method C．holiday D．memory
137．A．noticed B．imagined C．watched D．remembered
138．A．built B．stood C．circled D．reached
139．A．tired B．afraid C．sure D．fond
140．A．secretly B．worriedly C．nervously D．happily
141．A．knocked B．moved C．hit D．hurt
142．A．how long B．how soon C．how much D．how often
143．A．mostly B．simply C．sadly D．properly
144．A．new B．hard C．big D．silly
145．A．made B．found C．bought D．offered
146．A．telling B．gaining C．sharing D．showing
147．A．make B．enjoy C．solve D．follow
148．A．story B．quality C．end D．cycle
149．A．forget B．want C．stop D．choose
150．A．hardest B．best C．easiest D．biggest
【答案】
136．D    137．A    138．B    139．B    140．D    141．C    142．A    143．B    144．C    145．C    146．C    147．B    148．D    149．C    150．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和女儿一起观察蜘蛛结网的经历，告诉我们简单的事情是生活中最好的东西。
136．句意：这一天很平常，所以我不知道这一天会作为我们珍惜的记忆而载入我们的家族史册，并时时被谈论。
weekend周末；method方法；holiday假日；memory记忆。这一天已经过去了，所以是成为了记忆。故选D。
137．句意：我女儿首先注意到的是——在我们游泳池边的树上，有一只蜘蛛正在织网。
noticed注意到；imagined想象；watched看着； remembered记住。根据后文我们很惊讶可知是注意到了一只蜘蛛在结网，故选A。
138．句意：我女儿首先注意到的是——在我们游泳池边的树上，有一只蜘蛛正在织网。
built修建；stood挺立；circled圈起，围绕；reached到达。结合语境和下文“by our pool”，可知树挺立在游泳池旁边。故选B。
139．句意：让我惊讶的是，她看到了这一切，更让我惊讶的是她竟然不怕蜘蛛。
tired疲惫的；afraid害怕的；sure当然的；fond喜欢的。根据后文她看蜘蛛织网可知她不怕蜘蛛。故选B。
140．句意：相反，她高兴地看着蜘蛛在生命周期中忙碌。
secretly秘密地；worriedly担忧地；nervously紧张地；happily高兴地。根据上文可知她不怕蜘蛛，instead表示与上文提到的情况相反，不害怕，反而很高兴。故选D。
141．句意：当我们都看到大自然的奇迹时，我突然产生了一个非常简单的想法。
knocked敲；moved移动；hit打，击，突然想起；hurt伤害。结合空前的“a very simple thought”，这里应该是突然想起，突然意识到的意思。故选C。
142．句意：我真的不知道我们在那儿待了多久，看着那只蜘蛛织网。
how long多长时间；how soon多快；how much多少；how often多久一次。我们一直在那看蜘蛛织网，此处应该指待的时间多久。故选A。
143．句意：事实是，我们只是玩得很开心。mostly主要地；simply仅仅，简单地；sadly难过地；properly适当地。这里指作者和女儿只是简单地看着蜘蛛织网。故选B。
144．句意：我想，我们玩得很开心，没有做什么大事或特别的事情。
new新的；hard硬的；big大的；silly愚蠢的。根据下文“or special”可知并不是什么大事或特别的事情。故选C。
145．句意：我们没有拯救世界,也没有买到最新最昂贵的玩具。
made制作；found找到；bought购买；offered提供 。根据下文“the newest most expensive toy”可知是购买玩具。故选C。
146．句意：然而，我相信通过分享蜘蛛织网的经历，我们俩都很开心。
telling告诉；gaining获得；sharing分享；showing展示。根据下文“ this experience of the spider building her web, we were both just quite happy”，可知作者和女儿分享了蜘蛛织网的经历。故选C。
147．句意：我们所做的就是花时间在一起欣赏生活中的简单事物。
make制作；enjoy欣赏；solve解决；follow跟着。根据上文作者和女儿一起观赏了蜘蛛织网，以及下文“the simple things inlife”，可知是欣赏生活中简单事物。故选B。
148．句意：我们笑着谈论生命的轮回，死亡意味着什么，真正活着意味着什么。
story故事；quality质量；end结束；cycle圆圈，轮回。根据上文“as the spider busied herself in the cycle of life”可知是生命的轮回。故选D。
149．句意：我们谈到我们在这个星球上有限的时间是多么宝贵，我们应该停下来享受生活中简单的事情，比如飞翔的小鸟。
forget忘记；want想要；stop停止；choose选择。时间有限和宝贵，因此应该停下来享受生活简单的事情。故选C。
150．句意：简单的事情是生活中最好的事情，即使它们包括了蜘蛛和蜘蛛网。
hardest最硬的，最困难的；best最好的；easiest最容易的；biggest最大的。结合上文可知，蜘蛛和蜘蛛网都是生活中简单的事情。故选B。
【变式5】（2022·江苏扬州·校考三模）When they arrived in the courtroom (法庭), the King and Queen of Hearts were sitting on their thrones. The room was full of birds and animals and a complete pack of playing cards.
The Knave of Hearts was standing ___151___ two soldiers at the front of the room. There were chains ___152___ his hands.
Alice saw ___153___ there, too. He had a piece of paper in one hand and ___154___ in the other. In the middle of the room there was a table and on it there was a big plate of jam tarts. When Alice saw them, she started to feel ___155___.
“They are probably for tea,” she thought. “I hope the trial isn’t long.”
She began to ___156___ everything in the courtroom because she didn’t want to think about the tarts.
“That’s the judge (法官),” she said. “He wears a big wig (假发).” The judge was the King and he was wearing the wig ___157___ his crown. He looked very silly.
“And those twelve creatures in that box are the jurors (陪审员),” Alice said. She felt very ___158___ with her herself. She was only a small girl but she knew a lot of difficult words.
The jurors were very busy. They were writing on their ___159___.
“What are they writing?” Alice asked the Gryphon, who was standing next to her.
“Their names,” it said. “They don’t want to forget them.”
“___160___ things!” Alice said.
As she said this, the jurors wrote the words “stupid things” on their blackboards. One of them couldn’t spell the word “stupid” and had to ___161___ his friend.
Then the White Rabbit ___162___ his trumpet (喇叭).
“What’s the crime?” the King asked.
The Rabbit read: “The Queen of Hearts, she made some tarts. All on a summer day: The Knave of Hearts, he stole those tarts and took them all away!”
“What’s your verdict (裁定)?” the King asked the jurors.
“No, no, Your Majesty! We must call a ___163___ first,” the White Rabbit said.
“___164___ the first witness!” the King shouted.
The White Rabbit blew his trumpet three times and the Mad Hatter came in. He was carrying a teacup and a piece of bread and butter.
“I’m sorry, Your Majesty, ___165___ I didn’t finish my tea before I came here.”
151．A．in front of B．behind C．between D．next to
152．A．around B．below C．in D．on
153．A．the White Rabbit B．the Mad Hatter C．the Queen of Hearts D．the March Hare
154．A．a pocket watch B．bread and butter C．a big wig D．a trumpet
155．A．angry B．hungry C．bored D．happy
156．A．name B．call C．remember D．write
157．A．on top of B．in the middle of C．at the bottom of D．at the corner of
158．A．proud B．pleased C．angry D．patient
159．A．blackboards B．notebooks C．laptops D．textbooks
160．A．Wrong B．Right C．Common D．Stupid
161．A．turn down B．turn to C．turn over D．turn off
162．A．played B．blew C．kicked D．knocked
163．A．witness B．judge C．thief D．criminal
164．A．Take B．Call C．Arrest D．Kill
165．A．and B．but C．or D．because
【答案】
151．C    152．A    153．A    154．D    155．B    156．A    157．A    158．B    159．A    160．D    161．B    162．B    163．A    164．B    165．B

【导语】本文是《爱丽丝漫游仙境》的节选，红心武士在法庭上被审这一部分。
151．句意：红心武士站在房间前面的两名士兵中间。
in front of在前面；behind在……的后面；between之间；next to紧挨着。根据“The Knave of Hearts, he stole those tarts and took them all away!”可知，红心武士是被审的，因此是站在两名士兵中间。故选C。
152．句意：他的手上缠着铁链。
around围绕；below在下面；in在里面；on在……上。根据“There were chains…his hands.”可知，铁链应该是缠在手上的。故选A。
153．句意：爱丽丝也在那里看到了白兔。
the White Rabbit白兔；the Mad Hatter疯帽匠；the Queen of Hearts红心皇后；the March Hare三月兔。根据“He had a piece of paper in one hand and…in the other.”“Then the White Rabbit…his trumpet.”可知，白兔的手拿着一个喇叭，因此爱丽丝在这里看到的是白兔。故选A。
154．句意：他一手拿着一张纸，另一只手拿了一个喇叭。
a pocket watch怀表；bread and butter面包和黄油；a big wig大假发；a trumpet喇叭。根据 “Then the White Rabbit…his trumpet.”可知，白兔的另一只手里拿的应该是一个喇叭。故选D。
155．句意：当爱丽丝看到他们时，她开始感到饥饿。
angry发怒的；hungry饥饿的；bored无聊的；happy快乐的。根据“on it there was a big plate of jam tarts”可知，当爱丽丝看到果酱馅饼时，应该是感到饿了。故选B。
156．句意：她开始在法庭上说出所有的名字，因为她不想去想那些馅饼。
name叫出……的名字；call称呼；remember记得；write写。根据“‘That’s the judge,’ she said. ‘He wears a big wig.’”及“‘And those twelve creatures in that box are the jurors,’ Alice said.”可知，这里是爱丽丝叫出他们的名字。故选A。
157．句意：法官是国王，他戴着假发在他的王冠上。
on top of在……上面；in the middle of在……中间；at the bottom of在……底部；at the corner of在……的拐角处。根据“he was wearing the wig…his crown.”可知，他戴着假发在他的王冠上。故选A。
158．句意：她对自己很满意。
proud自豪的；pleased满意的；angry发怒的；patient有耐心的。根据“but she knew a lot of difficult words.”判断，这里应该是对自己很满意。故选B。
159．句意：他们正在黑板上写字。
blackboards黑板；notebooks笔记本；laptops笔记本电脑；textbooks教科书。根据“As she said this, the jurors wrote the words ‘stupid things’ on their blackboards.”可知，他们是在黑板上写。故选A。
160．句意：“愚蠢的东西！”爱丽丝说。
Wrong错误的；Right正确的；Common常见的；Stupid愚蠢的。根据“As she said this, the jurors wrote the words ‘stupid things’ on their blackboards.”可知，爱丽丝说的是“愚蠢的东西！”。故选D。
161．句意：其中一个人拼写不出“愚蠢”这个词，只好求助于他的朋友。
turn down拒绝；turn to求助于；turn over翻转；turn off关掉。根据“One of them couldn’t spell the word ‘stupid’”可知，这里应该是求助于他的朋友。故选B。
162．句意：然后白兔吹响了喇叭。
played玩；blew吹；kicked踢；knocked敲。根据“his trumpet”可知，这里是吹响了喇叭。故选B。
163．句意：“不，不，陛下！“我们必须先传唤证人，”白兔说。
witness证人；judge法官；thief小偷；criminal罪犯。根据下文的“the first witness!”可知，这里指的是证人。故选A。
164．句意：“叫第一个证人！”国王喊道。
Take拿；Call传唤；Arrest逮捕；Kill杀死。根据“The White Rabbit blew his trumpet three times and the Mad Hatter came in.”可知，这里是传唤第一个证人。故选B。
165．句意：对不起，陛下，但我来这里之前没有喝完茶。
and和；but但是；or或；because因为。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是转折关系，因此用but连接。故选B。
【变式6】（2022·江苏连云港·校考二模）One day, a little boy asked his father, “What does the word “great” mean? Who are great people and ___166___ do they become great?”
The father asked his son to bring two plants and then told him to plant one of them inside the house and the other outside the house. The boy did ___167___ his father said.
The father asked his son, “Which one of the two plants do you think will be safer and bigger?” The boy ___168___, “The plant inside the house will be safer, ___169___ it will grow bigger, while the plant outside the house is not safe at all. No one will be there to ___170___ it. It may be eaten by animals.”
The father smiled and said, “Let’s wait ___171___. We will know the answer.”
Then the boy ___172___ for study and after four years he came back to his house. He said to his father, “Look, ___173___ happens to this plant inside the house and it is safe.”
When the boy went outside, he was very ___174___ to see a big tree. The boy couldn’t believe his eyes. He couldn’t ___175___ how the plant outside was able to grow much bigger than the plant inside the house. “The plant outside the house faced every ___176___ and many difficulties!” the father ___177___ his son why the plant outside was bigger. “The plant inside was safe, it didn’t face weather changes, and it didn’t get ___178___ sunlight, so it didn’t become big.”
Here is the ___179___ to the question about being great: To become a great person, one must have failed many times. ___180___ many difficulties and then solved them. Only after that he is able to become great.
166．A．how B．what C．when D．where
167．A．when B．until C．unless D．as
168．A．wondered B．replied C．continued D．added
169．A．but B．or C．so D．because
170．A．look after B．come across C．take away D．cut down
171．A．recently B．suddenly C．quickly D．patiently
172．A．waited B．looked C．left D．cared
173．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything
174．A．excited B．interested C．pleased D．surprised
175．A．decide B．understand C．remember D．accept
176．A．season B．chance C．corner D．choice
177．A．asked B．watched C．saw D．told
178．A．strange B．active C．enough D．rapid
179．A．example B．answer C．meaning D．season
180．A．experienced B．received C．produced D．challenged
【答案】
166．A    167．D    168．B    169．C    170．A    171．D    172．C    173．B    174．D    175．B    176．A    177．D    178．C    179．B    180．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文中父亲通过对比两棵植物的生长状况告诉儿子一个道理：要成为伟人，必须经历许多困难并克服这些困难。
166．句意：谁是伟大的人，他们是如何变得伟大的？
how怎样；what什么；when何时；where哪里。根据“ Who are great people and...do they become great?”可知，是问变得伟大的方法，故选A。
167．句意：男孩照他父亲说的做了。
when当……时；until直到……；unless除非；as照……方式。根据“The boy did...his father said.”可知，男孩照爸爸说的做了，此处应用as引导方式状语从句，故选D。
168．句意：男孩回答说。
wondered想知道；replied回复；continued继续；added增加。根据“The plant inside the house will be safer...”可知，此处是男孩回答父亲的问题，故选B。
169．句意：房子里的植物会更安全，所以它会长得更大。
but但是；or或者；so因此；because因为。根据“The plant inside the house will be safer...it will grow bigger”可知，前后构成因果关系，前因后果，用so连接，故选C。
170．句意：没有人会在那里照顾它。
look after照顾；come across偶遇；take away拿走；cut down砍倒。根据“No one will be there to...it. It may be eaten by animals.”可知，室外的植物无人照顾，可能会被动物吃掉，故选A。
171．句意：让我们耐心等待。
recently最近；suddenly突然；quickly迅速地；patiently耐心地。根据“Let’s wait...We will know the answer.”可知，植物长大需要时间，所以要耐心等待，故选D。
172．句意：然后，男孩离开家去学习，四年后，他回到了自己的家。
waited等待；looked看；left离开，落下；cared关心。根据“Then the boy...for study and after four years he came back to his house”可知，是离开家去求学，故选C。
173．句意：他对父亲说：“看，这株植物在房子里平安无事，它很安全。”
something某事；nothing无事；everything每件事；anything任何事。根据“Look...happens to this plant inside the house and it is safe.”可知，室内的植物安然无恙，故选B。
174．句意：当男孩出去的时候，他很惊讶地看到一棵大树。
excited激动的；interested感兴趣的；pleased高兴的；surprised惊讶的。根据“The boy couldn’t believe his eyes.”可知，男孩很惊讶，故选D。
175．句意：他不明白外面的植物怎么能长得比房子里的植物大得多。
decide决定；understand理解；remember记得；accept接受。根据“The boy couldn’t believe his eyes.”和前文内容可知，男孩不理解为什么室外的植物比室内的大，故选B。
176．句意：房子外面的植物每个季节都面临许多困难！
season季节；chance机会；corner角落；choice选择。根据“The plant inside was safe, it didn’t face weather changes”可知，室内的植物无法面对不同的天气，那么屋外的植物面对的是每个季节。故选A。
177．句意：父亲告诉儿子为什么外面的植物更大。
asked问；watched观看；saw看见；told告诉。根据“the father...his son why the plant outside was bigger.”可知，父亲告诉儿子原因，故选D。
178．句意：里面的植物是安全的，它没有面对天气变化，也没有得到足够的阳光，所以它没有变大。
strange奇怪的，陌生的；active积极的；enough足够的；rapid快速的。根据“and it didn’t get...sunlight”可知，室外的植物不能获得足够的光照。故选C。
179．句意：这是关于伟大的问题的答案：要成为一个伟大的人，必须经历许多次失败，经历许多困难，并解决这些困难。
example例子；answer回答；meaning意思；season季节。根据“to the question”可知，是问题的答案，故选B。
180．句意：这是关于伟大的问题的答案：要成为一个伟大的人，必须经历许多次失败，经历许多困难，并解决这些困难。
experienced经历；received收到；produced生产；challenged挑战。根据“...many difficulties and then solved them”可知，是经历困难、解决困难，故选A。
【变式7】（2022·江苏盐城·校考二模）I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like others to notice me. And ___181___ the teacher assigned (指定) me a seat, I always chose to sit at the back of the classroom.
All this ___182___ after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher ___183___ I should try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy ___184___. Because I didn’t have a good sense of balance, and I didn’t have the ___185___ to keep up with the others on the team and they would laugh at me. But because the teacher kept ___186___ my “going for it”, I decided to give a try.
Getting up the courage to go to tryouts was only the half of it! When I first started ___187___ the practice courses, I didn’t even know the rules of the game. Sometimes I took a shot at the ___188___ direction — which made me feel really stupid and I’d get confused (迷惑的). ___189___, I wasn’t the only one “new” at the game. So I decided to focus on learning the game, do my best at each practice session.
I practised and practised. Soon I ___190___ the rules and the moves. Being part of a team was fun and easy. Very soon, I got confidence from ___191___ several competitive matches. With time, I learned how to play and made friends — friends who respected my ___192___ to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!
With more self-confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates, I have gone from “___193___” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to draw attention, ___194___ raising my hand — even when I sometimes wasn’t and not 100 percent ___195___ I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.
181．A．though B．unless C．if D．until
182．A．continued B．started C．forgot D．changed
183．A．suggested B．decided C．told D．agreed
184．A．rule B．plan C．idea D．saying
185．A．duty B．patience C．pride D．ability
186．A．carrying on B．insisting on C．getting up D．turning up
187．A．attending B．preparing C．enjoying D．watching
188．A．right B．possible C．wrong D．proper
189．A．Especially B．Hopefully C．Luckily D．Exactly
190．A．knew B．realized C．accepted D．controlled
191．A．passing B．losing C．winning D．training
192．A．thoughts B．efforts C．chances D．manners
193．A．hiding B．playing C．relaxing D．dreaming
194．A．by B．to C．with D．for
195．A．lucky B．happy C．satisfied D．sure
【答案】
181．B    182．D    183．A    184．C    185．D    186．B    187．A    188．C    189．C    190．A    191．C    192．B    193．A    194．B    195．D

【导语】本文讲述作者是一个不愿意表现自己的人，自从参加篮球训练以后变得自信心满满的事情。
181．句意：除非老师给我一个座位，我总是选择坐在教室的后面。
though尽管；unless除非；if如果；until直到……为止。根据“I always chose to sit at the back of the classroom”可知除非老师指定座位，否则总坐在教室后面，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
182．句意：在我加入一个运动队后，这一切都改变了。
continued继续；started开始；forgot忘记；changed改变。根据“raising my hand — even when I sometimes wasn’t and not 100 percent ... I had the right answer”可知发生了改变。故选D。
183．句意：事情开始于一位老师建议我去参加篮球队。
suggested建议；decided决定；told告诉；agreed同意。根据“I should try out for the basketball team”可知这是老师的建议。故选A。
184．句意：一开始我觉得这是个疯狂的想法。
rule规则；plan计划；idea主意，想法；saying谚语。根据“Because I didn’t have a good sense of balance, and I didn’t have the ... to keep up with the others on the team and they would laugh at me.”可知作者认为参加篮球队是个疯狂的想法。故选C。
185．句意：因为我没有很好的平衡感，我没有能力跟上团队中的其他人，他们会嘲笑我。
duty责任；patience耐心；pride骄傲；ability能力。根据“they would laugh at me”可知觉得自己没能力跟上团队中的其他人。故选D。
186．句意：但因为老师一直坚持要我“去做”，我决定试一试。
carrying on继续；insisting on坚持；getting up起床；turning up调高（音量等）。根据“I decided to give a try”可知作者犹豫的时候是老师的坚持让他决定试一试。故选B。
187．句意：当我第一次参加练习课程时，我甚至不知道游戏的规则。
attending参加；preparing准备；enjoying喜欢；watching观看。根据“the practice courses”可知是参加练习课程。故选A。
188．句意：有时我尝试错误的方向——这让我觉得自己很愚蠢，我很困惑。
right正确的；possible可能的；wrong错误的；proper合适的。根据“which made me feel really stupid and I’d get confused”可知让自己觉得很蠢是因为方向错了。故选C。
189．句意：幸运的是，我并不是唯一一个“新手”。
Especially尤其；Hopefully有希望地；Luckily幸运地；Exactly确切地。根据“I wasn’t the only one ‘new’ at the game”可知这对作者来说是幸运的事。故选C。
190．句意：很快我就知道了规则和动作。
knew知道；realized意识到；accepted接受；controlled控制。根据“I practised and practised.”可知经过练习知道了规则和动作。故选A。
191．句意：很快，我从赢得几场比赛中获得了信心。
passing经过；losing失去；winning赢得；training训练。根据“I got confidence”可知从赢得比赛中获得信心。故选C。
192．句意：随着时间的推移，我学会了如何玩，也交到了朋友——那些尊重我努力工作和团队精神的朋友。
thoughts想法；efforts努力；chances机会；manners礼貌。根据“to work hard and be a team player”可知是交到了尊重作者的努力的朋友。故选B。
193．句意：我已经从“躲”在教室的后面，不想引起注意，到举起我的手——即使我有时不，或不是百分之百确定我的答案是正确的。
hiding躲；playing玩；relaxing放松；dreaming梦想。根据“I always chose to sit at the back of the classroom”可知是躲在教室后面。故选A。
194．句意：我已经从“躲”在教室的后面，不想引起注意，到举起我的手——即使我有时不，或不是百分之百确定我的答案是正确的。
by通过；to到；with和；for为了。from ... to ... “从……到……”。故选B。
195．句意：我已经从“躲”在教室的后面，不想引起注意，到举起我的手——即使我有时不，或不是百分之百确定我的答案是正确的。
lucky幸运的；happy高兴地；satisfied满意的；sure确定的。根据“raising my hand — even when I sometimes wasn’t and not 100 percent ... I had the right answer”可知并非百分百确认自己的答案。故选D。
【变式8】（2022·江苏徐州·校考二模）School was over and I was really tired out.
I sat at the very ____196____ of the bus next to Janie because of the anxiety to arrive home. It was silent at first, Janie, who drove the bus, tried to start a ____197____ to break the uncomfortable air. I tried to mind my manners and ____198____ listened, but usually I was too busy thinking about my day. On this day, ____199____, she was worth listening to.
“My father’s sick,” she said. “What’s wrong with him?” I asked with a ____200____ change of mind and interest. I could see the ____201____ in her eyes.
“Heart trouble.” She replied. With her eyes wet and her voice tight from fighting the tears, she continued, “I’ve already lost my mum, so I’m afraid of losing ____202____.”
I was shocked, I didn’t know what to say. My heart ached. I sat on the old, smelly seat thinking of the great ____203____ my own mother had when my father died. I saw how ____204____ it was, and still is, for her, I wouldn’t like anyone to go through that.
Suddenly I realized that Janie was not only a ______205______. That was just her job. But she also had her ______206______ world of family and worries.
I suddenly felt myself very ______207______. I paid no attention to Janie herself before. I had judged her by her job and thought her unimportant.
For all I know, I’m just another person in someone else’s world, and may not even be of great ______208______. I realized that l had only thought of people who were in my own life. Everyone ______209______ a place to go to, people to see and promises to keep. I should not have been so self-centred. ______210______ people is really an art.
196．A．middle B．back C．front D．center
197．A．speech B．conversation C．discussion D．message
198．A．happily B．carelessly C．sincerely D．politely
199．A．because B．so C．although D．however
200．A．terrible B．sudden C．pleasant D．common
201．A．smile B．surprise C．fear D．doubt
202．A．her B．him C．you D．it
203．A．pain B．pity C．care D．help
204．A．quick B．long C．hard D．heavy
205．A．teacher B．artist C．writer D．driver
206．A．dark B．natural C．whole D．bright
207．A．modest B．selfish C．worried D．pleased
208．A．importance B．interest C．courage D．comfort
209．A．has B．takes C．finds D．keeps
210．A．Painting B．Understanding C．Telling D．Believing

【答案】
196．C    197．B    198．D    199．D    200．B    201．C    202．B    203．A    204．C    205．D    206．C    207．B    208．A    209．A    210．B

【导语】本文主要是作者通过和司机的谈话，了解到我们不应该自私自利和以自我为中心，了解他人也是一门艺术。
196．句意：我坐在公共汽车最前面，紧挨着珍妮，因为我急着回家。
middle中间的；back后面的；front前面的；center中心的。根据“I sat at the very…of the bus next to Janie because of the anxiety to arrive home. It was silent at first, Janie, who drove the bus”可知，珍妮是一名司机，我紧挨着她，说明坐在公共汽车最前面。故选C。
197．句意：起初很安静，开车的珍妮试图开始谈话，以打破不舒服的气氛。
speech演讲；conversation对话；discussion讨论；message信息。根据“break the uncomfortable air”可知，试图开始谈话，故选B。
198．句意：我尽量注意自己的举止，礼貌地听着，但通常我都忙于思考我的一天。
happily高兴地；carelessly粗心地；sincerely真诚地；politely礼貌地。根据“ and…listened, but usually I was too busy thinking about my day. ”可知，我礼貌地听着，故选D。
199．句意：然而，在这一天，她值得倾听。
because因为；so因此；although虽然；however然而。 空后表转折，此处需要使用副词修饰句子，使用however，故选D。
200．句意：我突然改变了主意和兴趣，问道。
terrible糟糕的；sudden突然；pleasant令人愉快的；common共同的。 根据“but usually I was too busy thinking about my day”和“I asked”可知，我平时不会问她的，现在问了说明突然改变了主意和兴趣，故选B。
201．句意：我能看到她眼中的恐惧。
smile微笑；surprise惊讶；fear害怕；doubt怀疑。根据“My father’s sick”可知，爸爸生病了，应该很担心害怕。故选C。
202．句意：我已经失去了妈妈，所以我害怕失去他。
her她；him他；you你；it它。 根据“My father’s sick,”和“I’ve already lost my mum, so I’m afraid of losing”可知，害怕失去父亲，故选B。
203．句意：我坐在一个又旧又臭的座位上，想着父亲去世时我母亲的巨大痛苦。
pain痛苦；pity遗憾；care关心；help帮助。根据“thinking of the great…my own mother had when my father died.”可知，父亲去世时，母亲应该是痛苦的，故选A。
204．句意：我看到了这有多么困难，对她来说，现在仍然如此，我不希望任何人经历这一切。
quick快速的；long长的；hard艰难的；heavy重的。 根据“My heart ached. I sat on the old, smelly seat thinking of the great…my own mother had when my father died.”可知，我是经历过家人去世的，所以我知道这有多么困难，故选C。
205．句意：突然，我意识到珍妮不仅仅是一名司机。
teacher教师；artist艺术家；writer作家；driver司机。根据“It was silent at first, Janie, who drove the bus”可知，珍妮是一位司机，故选D。
206．句意：但她也有她的整个家庭世界和忧虑。
dark黑暗的；natural自然的；whole完整的；bright明亮的。根据“But she also had her…world of family and worries.”可知，她也有她的整个家庭世界和忧虑。故选C。
207．句意：我突然觉得自己很自私。
modest谦虚的；selfish自私的；worried担忧的；pleased满意的。根据“I paid no attention to Janie herself before. I had judged her by her job and thought her unimportant.”可知，我认为之前自己是自私的。故选B。
208．句意：据我所知，我只是在别人的世界里的另一个人，甚至可能不是很重要。
importance重要性；interest兴趣；courage勇气；comfort舒服。根据“I’m just another person in someone else’s world,”可知，在别人世界里，我可能是不重要的，故选A。
209．句意：每个人都有要去地方，要看的人，和要遵守的承诺。
has有；takes拿；finds找到；keeps保持。根据“I realized that l had only thought of people who were in my own life. Everyone…a place to go to, people to see and promises to keep.”可知，每个人都有要去地方，要看的人，和要遵守的承诺。故选A。
210．句意：理解人真的是一门艺术。
Painting绘画；Understanding理解；Telling告诉；Believing相信。根据“ I should not have been so self-centred. ”可知，要理解他人，故选B。