2023届高考英语一轮复习语法总动员之阅读理解（8）

这是一份2023届高考英语一轮复习语法总动员之阅读理解（8），共9页。
2023届高考英语一轮复习语法总动员之阅读理解（8）1.These days, our health and wellness should be a priority. Gone are the days when people take themselves for granted. It is about time that we should start investing in good health. But with all the health and wellness tips found on the Internet, which one should you consider doing?You may already know the basics of healthy living. But if you want to boost your efforts, it only makes sense that you use strategies tested and proven by scientists. Here’s what you can consider investing in so that you can finally enjoy better health and wellness. Some people spend a considerable amount of time working while sitting down. You can be working in an office and spending most of your time doing reports on a computer. But if you want to be healthier, get up and walk more often while at work.This is not to say that you should ignore your role and slack off. Walking more often, even for at least ten minutes at a time, can already help you achieve better health. You can always do a bit more walking when in a meeting, when going to and from work, and by taking the stairs instead of the elevators. Making those legs work will help you get more exercise no matter how busy your work schedule is. Stop thinking that you have no time to go for a walk or run with your friends. By putting your mind on your goal, you can get more walking even if you already have your hands full at work. Sitting all day is the new vice of many people. This increases one’s risk of diabetes, heart issues and even some cancer. You don’t want your mental health to suffer just because you were too lazy to walk while you spend hours at a time working behind a desk.1.What kind of exercise should you take when investing in good health?A. Heavy load of exercise. B. Any exercise you think of.C. Methods tested and proven. D. All suggested on the Internet.2.What does the underlined part “slack off” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Put something off.  B. Not take it seriously.C. Treat whole-heartedly. D. Be cautious specially.3.What can be inferred from paragraph 5?A. There is no excuse for not going in for walking.B. Busy work schedule leaves no time for walking.C. You should reduce your work time for walking.D. Walking can be done after you finish your work.4.What might be discussed about in the following part of the text?A. How we can walk during work. B. What else we can do for exercise.C. What effects we will get without walking. D. Why walking while working is a priority.2.Ever since I was a boy, I have been a penny picker upper. I would find them on sidewalks, on playgrounds, and even in swimming pools. Back then a penny was still worth a penny. If you managed to find two, then you could buy a big piece of bubble gum and once you had collected a handful, you could get a small bag of chips. Each penny back then was a little treasure. It was only later that I heard the saying that pennies are also blessing and that you are watched over from above. I never thought much about this growing up, though, until the winter of my 25th year. That was the year that my Mom died from cancer at only 55 years old. After watching her breathe her last, my sorrow weighed on me like a stone. The darkness of the days matched the darkness in my heart. How I longed for just one more hug, one more “I love you” from my Mom. It was then on the coldest day of the year that I stopped at a gas station to fill my car’s tank. As the wind cut through me, I lowered my eyes and saw it on top of some dirty snow: A Bright, Shiny, New Penny. I remembered the old saying. I smiled, bent down, and picked it up. Suddenly, I felt a wave of love enter my heart. Warmth surrounded me. My eyes filled with tears. I knew then that Mom was joyfully watching over me with all of her love. Since that day 30 years ago, I have found at least a thousand pennies. They come to me everywhere and at all times. Sometimes they lift my spirits on a down day. Sometimes they encourage me that I am on the right path. But above all they always remind me that I am loved.5.Why does the author say “Back then a penny was still worth a penny.”?A. It could be easily found. B. It could buy things he loved.C. It reminds love from his mom. D. It could be stored for later use.6.What happened to the author after his mother died?A. He needed more financial support. B. He was relieved he got much love.C. He wanted to get comfort from mom. D. He lived an independent life of his own.7.Which word can best describe the author when he found the penny on snow?A. Shocked. B. Ignorant. C. Concerned. D. Grateful.8.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. A penny becomes a reminder. B. The author becomes wealthy.C. Collecting pennies is a hobby. D. A penny isn’t as valuable as before.3.Growthby Vaclav SmilWhen I first heard that one of my favorite authors was working on a new book about growth, I couldn’t wait to get my hands on it. His latest doesn’t disappoint. As always, I don’t agree with everything Smil says, but he remains one of the best thinkers out there at documenting the past and seeing the big picture. Preparedby Diane TavennerAs any parent knows, preparing your kids for life after high school is a long and sometimes difficult journey. Tavenner—who created a network of some of the best performing schools in the nation—has put together a helpful guidebook about how to make that process as smooth and fruitful as possible. Along the way, she shares what she’s learned about teaching kids not just what they need to get into college, but how to live a good life. Why We Sleepby Matthew WalkerI read a couple of great books this year about human behavior, and this was one of the most interesting and profound. Both Jenn and John Doerr urged me to read it, and I’m glad I did. Everyone knows that a good night’s sleep is important—but what exactly counts as a good night’s sleep? And how do you make one happen? Walker has persuaded me to change my bedtime habits to up my chances. These Truthsby Jill LeporeLepore has pulled off the seemingly impossible in her latest book: covering the entire history of the United States in just 800 pages. She’s made a deliberate (深思的) choice to make diverse points of view central to the statement, and the result is the most honest and unflinching (无畏的) account of the American story I’ve ever read.9.What is special about Growth?A. It records people’s growth. B. It’s a book describing the youth.C. It tells us the difficulty of adults. D. It’s a book about the past and future.10.What does the author tell us in Why We Sleep?A. The good sleeping habits. B. What happens without a break.C. What affects our living habits. D. When people began to sleep.11.Which would you choose if you want to know the past of America?A. Growth B. Prepared C. Why We Sleep D. These Truths4.    When Tom was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when Tom reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood friends. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.    These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,” said George Vaillant, the psychologist who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”    Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.    The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.    Working—at any age—is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”12.What do we know about Tom?A.He received little love from his family. B.He had few childhood friendsC.He enjoyed his career and marriage. D.He was envied by others in his childhood.13.Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by_______.A.recording the boys’ effort in school B.comparing different sets of scoresC.evaluating the men’s mental health D.measuring the men’s problem solving ability14.What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?A.Clear and definite  B.Quick to reactC.Having a thin edge  D.Sudden and rapid15.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Competent adults know more about love than work.B.Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C.Love brings more joy to people than work does.D.Independence is the key to one’s success.5.    Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the world. While some of us throw away unwanted items, people in other parts of the world face food shortages and are starving. It’s a shocking fact that a third of the world’s food is wasted each year, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.    You may think supermarkets are the main contributors to this mountain of food. After all, they do desert stuff that is past its sell-by-date and they often refuse to sell fruits or vegetables that are in the wrong shape or look damaged. They’ve also been criticized for encouraging customers to buy more than they need through promotions such as “buy one and get one free”.    But the biggest culprit for creating food waste is us human beings. In Europe, an incredible 53% of food waste comes from households, which results in 88 million tons of food waste a year. So instead of filling our bellies, our food is filling up landfill sites.    In Denmark, a woman called Selina Juul has been working hard to solve this problem. She moved from Russia many years ago and was amazed to see the abundance of food available in the supermarkets. But despite so much availability, she found that people were buying more than they needed and throwing too much away.    She convinced some supermarkets to stop selling their items in bulk(大量) so that people bought only what they needed. She produced a leftover cookbook and set up an education program in schools, which has helped create a significant 25% reduction in food waste.    Clearly, we need to think twice when we buy something in supermarkets or online, and when we’re at home we should make the most of the food we have - using recipes that use up our leftovers or even sharing our remaining food with our friends and neighbors.16.Why are supermarkets to blame for food waste?A.They store spare items. B.They damage bad stuff.C.They display new arrivals. D.They hold sales promotion.17.What does the underlined word “culprit” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Benefit. B.Demand C.Cause. D.Challenge.18.What do we know about Selina Juul?A.She contributed to reducing food waste. B.She made an extraordinary discovery.C.She was a pioneer in cooking leftovers. D.She focused on the availability of food.19.What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?A.Start sharing extra food. B.Switch to online shopping.C.Increase the varieties of food. D.Improve our cooking methods.6.    Feeding birds is a popular way to watch wildlife. But experts say it might put wild birds at risk.    Feeding birds is not necessary for their survival except in extreme weather conditions. Feeders(喂食器)can definitely help birds get through that kind of weather. But most birds eat insects and show little interest in bird feeders. For those birds，we can grow native plants in a natural environment. Birds which are fond of eating seeds will be more likely to come to feeders if there is some cover nearby. This lets them feed and then fly to protective areas，such as in trees.    The most common mistake people make with their bird feeders is that they put feeders in places where birds are easily frightened by passers-by，risk being hurt by cats，or risk flying into windows.    So set up a bird feeder at least one meter away from a window. That way，if a bird gets frightened，it won’t get killed when it hits the glass. Owners of cats should keep them inside home so they can’t hurt the birds.    Some birds are more aggressive at feeders. They eat a lot and do not leave much food for other birds. A solution is to put the food in more than one place by using different kinds of seeds or fruits. This can also increase the number and diversity of birds in your neighborhood. But don’t feed wild birds anything salty，like potato chips，or food that could choke them，like bread.    Pay attention to food quality and freshness. Unprotected food left too long in feeders will turn moldy(发霉)，which can kill wildlife.    Another word of advice: Always provide a supply of clean water for birds，but use care when looking for the right birdbath. If the birdbaths are too deep for birds，putting a few large stones in the water can give the birds a place to sit.20.What’s the most common mistake about feeding birds?A. Putting feeders in improper places.  B. Providing food in inappropriate time.C. Leaving feeders unprotected.  D. Supplying dirty and deep water.21.Which of the following may not be suitable for feeding birds?A. Seeds. B. Bread. C. Fruit. D. Insects.22.The author advises helping more birds by_________.A. increasing the number of feedersB. cleaning the birds with clean waterC. putting more large stones in the feedersD. keeping aggressive birds away from the feeders23.What is the text mainly about?A. Problems with bird feeding. B. Where to place bird feeders.C. Popular ways of protecting wild birds. D. How to feed wild birds safely and healthily.7.The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more: it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is a very important assignment facing American journalists—to make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing as “local” news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in the financial market, political circles, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life. There is in journalism a widespread view that when you start an interpretation, you are entering dangerous waters, the rushing tides of opinion. This is nonsense.The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall limit themselves to the “facts”. This insistence raises two questions: What are the facts? Are the bare facts enough?As for the first question, consider how a so-called “factual” story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall make up the beginning of the article, which is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph. This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large influence, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.Thus in the presentation of a so-called “factual” or “objective” story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which reporters and editors, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their “news neutralism”, arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news.The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective and subjective processes. If an editor is determined to give a prejudiced view of the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that support his particular viewpoint. Or he can do it by the place he gives a story-promoting it to page one or dragging it to page thirty.24.According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. For reporters, interpretation of facts is no less important than presentation of the facts.B. Journalists must select facts objectively to make current events clear to the readers.C. The most important task of reporters is to provide unprejudiced facts for the readers.D. If a reporter makes clear the facts he writes, he will no doubt get into trouble.25.The beginning of the article should present the most important fact because ________.A. it will influence the reader to continueB. many readers read only the first paragraphC. it details the general attitude of the writerD. it’s the best way to write according to the schools of journalism26.Where a story is presented in a newspaper shows________.A. the editor’s prejudice  B. the reporter’s backgroundC. the story’s factual matter D. the story’s effect on the readers27.Which of the following can best express the author’s attitude toward objectiveness?A. Objectiveness is controlled by editors rather than writers.B. Properly choosing facts prepares a solid ground for objectiveness.C. He doesn’t think there exists complete objectiveness in news writing.D. To make clear the news is a way to be objective and responsible for the readers.8.New molecules (分子) engineered by Weill Cornell Medicine researchers can enable rapid, direct “editing” of genes in a wide range of cell types, creating an series of research and therapeutic possibilities.The molecules, known as base editors, can attach to a target DNA sequence and chemically alter a single DNA letter. Base editing technology, just two years old, developed from the better known CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology. CRISPR/Cas9 molecules allow scientists to cut almost any piece of DNA in a cell and in this way disable or remove a gene. By contrast, a base editor molecule, using essentially the same DNA-targeting mechanism, chemically modifies a gene rather than cutting it out.Base editing is better suited for making or correcting single-base “point mutations (基因突变)” in DNA—the cause of many inherited diseases and cancers—and in principle involves less risk of having collateral impact on other normal DNA. However, first-generation base editors operate efficiently in relatively few cell types. Together, the team systematically re-engineered the principal existing set of base editors, known as BE3, BE4Gam and xBE3, to boost their production in cells—low production had been a problem in many cell types. The optimized editors, unlike the first-generation version, work efficiently in a wide variety of cell types and model systems, including mouse and human cell lines, and even liver cells in live mice.“These new base editors allow us to model and study diseases such as cancer in new ways, but they really have applications all the way across biomedical research,” said senior study author Dr. Lukas Dow, an assistant professor of biochemistry in medicine and a member of the Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine.The Weill Cornell Medicine scientists now plan to use the new editors for several research applications, including the investigation of mutations associated with cancers to find suitable targets for therapies. “There is a huge list of cancer-linked mutations whose precise roles in cancer are unknown, and now with these optimized tools we can study them affordably and in a feasible time frame,” Dr. Dow said.The optimized editors are also being studied by researchers working on other applications, including potential therapies for genetic diseases.28.How many types of molecules are mentioned in the first two paragraphs?A. 1 B. 2. C. 3 D. 429.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “collateral” in paragraph 3?A. positive B. immediate C. connected  D. healing30.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Scientists think it’s better to remove a gene than to edit it.B. The first-generation base editors fail to work in a few cells.C. Base editing technology is of great value only in biomedical research.D. It remains unknown why mutations cause cancer.31.Which is the best title for this passage?A. Say Goodbye to Genetic DiseaseB. DNA Editing Just Got EasierC. The Birth of a New Technology: Base EditingD. Mutations in DNA


         答案以及解析1.答案：C2.答案：B3.答案：A4.答案：C5.答案：B6.答案：C7.答案：D8.答案：A9.答案：A10.答案：A11.答案：D12.答案：C13.答案：B14.答案：A15.答案：B16.答案：D17.答案：C18.答案：A19.答案：A20.答案：A21.答案：B22.答案：A23.答案：D24.答案：A25.答案：B26.答案：D27.答案：C28.答案：B29.答案：C30.答案：D31.答案：B