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2022-2023学年北京市海淀区高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年北京市海淀区高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年北京市海淀区高二（上）期末英语试卷
In the tenth grade，my peers gave me a nickname that stuck until graduation： "Dictionary. " It all started the day my teacher announced a national spelling bee competition.
Determined to win，I opened my dictionary to learn how to spell every word in English.In a desperate(1)to memorize the most words possible，I began reading day and night.
During the competition，I misspelled one word.The pain over this defeat was so great that-to this day-I(2)the word： "graffiti. "However，not succeeding in something I invested so much effort in only(3) my determination to study harder.
Later，my school was participating in a French dictation competition hosted by a nonprofit organization that gives kids in poverty (4) to an education.
French isn't my first language，so I (5) the books even harder.I spent all my free time studying.
In the competition，I scored the highest in my school!I felt so proud.That joy was(6) because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write.
In the final，I took the fifth place.Although it wasn't what I had dreamed of，it was quite(7) !
Besides the award，I acquired the(8) that I'd use for the rest of my life，such as persistence and critical thinking.And I found that whether we are generating(9) for ourselves or for others，we never know what can be the catalyst（催化剂）of a brilliant future.Sometimes，that catalyst can be as(10)as a book.
1. A. search B. sadness C. cry D. attempt
2. A. repeat B. learn C. prefer D. remember
3. A. showed B. strengthened C. shook D. tested
4. A. access B. freedom C. attention D. devotion
5. A. took B. pulled C. hit D. pressed
6. A. doubled B. spread C. transformed D. obtained
7. A. obvious B. average C. close D. familiar
8. A. rules B. abilities C. methods D. ideas
9. A. interest B. reaction C. change D. power
10. A. simple B. huge C. famous D. useful
11.
A
Amy's school needed to collect money for more computers.Since many of her classmates' families were from different (1) （country），Amy suggested holding a unique dinner night where every student could bring in his home dish.She knew parents and students (2) （be） glad to pay money to try different foods!For this dinner，Amy brought in chicken with potatoes while her Chinese friend Li Hua brought in fried eggs with tomatoes.It was (3) great success.
B
"Who questions much，shall learn much，and remember much， " said Francis Bacon.Now it seems obvious (4) we acquire knowledge and understanding.However，in the 17th century，many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they (5) （believe）.But our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing.So Galileo Galilei said， "All truths are easy to understand once they (6) （discover）；the point is to discover them. "
C
Perfectionism，as a classic response to life，is riskier than it once was.A growing emphasis (7) employees' well-being is one reason why perfectionism is out of favour.Perfectionists may also hurt team spirit，because they are regarded as being less (8) （social） skilled and less likeable than non-perfectionists.However，some jobs actively require perfectionism.Fortunately，discouraging perfectionism does not mean (9) （lower） high standards.Perfectionists are deeply annoying but they are nowhere near as bad as people (10) don't have any standards.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
C
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States.This is because the bird wasn't always held with respect.At the National Book Festival，author Jack E.Davis detailed the bald eagle's "great conservation success story".
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice.The first occurred in the late 19th century. "It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot， " he said.He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal，and considered a threat.But such threat tended to be overstated.Throughout the early 20th century，thousands of bald eagles were shot down.Things began to change for the bird in 1940，when the government passed its legal protection-the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However，only five years later，the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT，an environmentally harmful insecticide （杀虫剂），was introduced at the end of World War II．In 1963，the bald eagle hit its lowest number-totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. "At that time，only about one-third of the nation's water was safe for swimming and fishing， " Davis said. "That was eagle habitat，but also our habitat. " "We stepped up. " He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization，Fish and Wildlife，to launch "hugely successful" eagle protection projects.
By 2007，the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health，reaching nearly 11，000 nesting pairs nationwide，and today's number is somewhere around 500，000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals，Davis said，almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.
12. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time？ ______
A. The illegal hunting.
B. The loose control of guns.
C. The attack from other animals.
D. The misunderstanding of their threat.
13. What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects？ ______
A. The outbreak of World War II.
B. The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C. The disappearance of eagle habitat.
D. The worsening of eagles' living condition.
14. What's the main purpose of the passage？ ______
A. To tell a story of a dying species.
B. To advertise the book of Jack E.Davis.
C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
D
My dad loves his wine.One day while making a sandwich，I noticed the date on one of his wine bottles.I then took it out of the pantry（食品贮藏室）and rushed toward my father.
"Dad，Dad!" I shouted. "This wine is way past its 'best before' date. "
"Son，hold on， "he said.
"No，you can't drink this any more!"
"Wait，let me tell you. . . "
"Would you like me to throw it away for you？" I asked.
"Ha，ha，no.Let me explain something， " my father said cheerfully.
"But. . . " I didn't want my father getting sick.
"Son，some wines get better over time.The longer you wait to drink it，the better it will be.Although this may seem strange，it is true. "
When I was young，I didn't have any understanding of what this meant.But now，looking back，this would have been very helpful to remember as I went through my teenager years.
We are all so keen to reach the next step quickly that we will do anything to get there.This has a negative effect on our society.In a job situation，we want promotion so much that we will step on others.When trying to go to the right college，we will do anything to get in.When we rush through our homework，we may not study enough for the test，and end up failing.All these common situations have one thing in common：they could all be solved if we just took our time.
When we don't fully prepare ourselves for the next level，we become a society of people who aren't ready，but want the rewards of reaching the next level.This cheats others who have prepared and deserve the job.We need to be ready for whatever comes，ready for the unexpected.Just as wine gets better over time，so will the things in our paths.
15. How did the father react to the out-of-date wine？ ______
A. He insisted on keeping it.
B. He drank it up immediately.
C. He checked if it was drinkable.
D. He asked his son to throw it away.
16. Which of the following might the father approve of？ ______
A. Graduating from college ahead of time.
B. Getting the best job as quickly as possible.
C. Preparing ourselves for a promotion patiently.
D. Doing schoolwork despite missing the deadline.
17. What can we conclude from the passage？ ______
A. Good things come to those who wait.
B. Positive thinking results in success.
C. He who laughs last，laughs best.
D. Time and tide wait for no man.
E
Alarming reports that the Antarctic ice sheet is becoming smaller misrepresent the facts.The ice sheet holds about 26.5 million gigatons （十亿吨）of water．If it were to melt（融化）completely，sea levels would rise 190 feet.Such a change is an issue for the far future，if it comes at all.
Much more modest ice loss is normal in Antarctica.Each year，some 2，200 gigatons of the ice is discharged （消融），while snowfall adds almost the same amount.The difference between the discharge and addition each year is the annual loss.That figure has been increasing，from 40 gigatons a year in the 1980s to 250 gigatons a year in the 2010s.But the increase is just a slight change in a complex process.If it continued at that rate，the sea level would be raised by 3 inches over 100 years.
Many fear that a warming globe could increase discharge and cause more rapid sea-level rise.Two recent studies focus on this issue.Researchers in the study of Thwaites Glacier （冰川）-an unusually broad and fast Antarctic glacier-infer that in the past it became smaller for half a year at more than twice the fastest rate ever observed.The cause of this specific event remains unknown，partly because the time of the rapid melting hasn't yet been determined.But the media goes with this angle： "A 'doomsday （末日）glacier'，the size of Florida，is breaking faster than thought. "
A second study tested the idea that the melted freshwater could be carried by currents to speed up the discharge of nearby glaciers.Researchers constructed a special model to prove their idea.If ocean currents can connect the discharges of distant glaciers，that would add to the complexity in the Antarctic ice sheet.To emphasize their idea，researchers used human influences almost three times larger.Even though that fact is stated in the paper，reporters rarely ，and the media goes with headlines such as "a massive tsunami would drown New York City，killing millions. " A more accurate headline would read： "Ocean currents connecting Antarctic glaciers might quicken their melting. "
These two studies were conducted with clever methods to infer past conditions and advanced computer modeling to show possible situations.These papers describe the science with appropriate precision and caution，but it is a shame that the media misrepresents the research to raise alarm.That denies the public the right to make informed decisions about "climate action， " as well as the opportunity to be amazed at the science itself.
18. What does the author think of the annual loss of the Antarctic ice sheet？ ______
A. It's a danger. B. It's limited.
C. It changes significantly. D. It decreases yearly.
19. What can we learn from the two studies？ ______
A. Both studies constructed new models.
B. The Thwaites Glacier melts faster than expected.
C. The complexity of the ocean speeds up the discharge of glaciers.
D. Neither the reason nor the time of the Thwaites Glacier's melting is known.
20. The underlined phrase "catch such nuance" probably means. ______
A. deny the obvious facts B. pay attention to the difference
C. evaluate the details D. are serious about the warning
21. What can we conclude from this passage？ ______
A. Antarctic glaciers melting makes sea level rise greatly.
B. Recent studies on the melting ice call for people's action.
C. Reports of the media on Antarctic glaciers mislead the public.
D. The researches about the glaciers melting raise public awareness.
The Benefits of Making Fun of Yourself
Being able to laugh at yourself isn't always easy.However，making light of your weaknesses and life challenges can have a number of benefits.While it might sound surprising，being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem（自尊）． (1)
Making fun of yourself is a form of self-critical humor，which can involve being too modest，or even laughing at yourself humorously. (2) However，research suggests they tend to be more self- confident.When this type of humor is used to maintain a positive attitude in difficult situations，it can help enhance well-being and self-esteem.
(3) Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others.Interestingly，research suggests that both men and women think that being able to make fun of yourself is an attractive trait，despite differences in their ways of using humor.
Laughter has been shown to have a number of stress-fighting benefits. (4) When you view situations as threats，stress levels increase.Shifting to a mindset that allows you to see these situations as challenges can transform this into what is known as "good stress" that helps you feel more empowered.
Making fun of yourself can have some benefits，but it's important not to take things too far.If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacting your mental health or well-being，it's time to take a step back. (5) If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree，you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being.
A.Find a balance that works for you.
B.Laughing at yourself helps accept yourself.
C.People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves.
D.Being able to laugh at yourself can relieve stress by changing your view.
E.Making fun of yourself in difficult situations can reduce your stress greatly.
F.People with such a sense of humor are sometimes regarded as having low self-esteem.
G.It might even improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively.
22. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
23. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
24. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
25. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
26. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
27. Computers，smartphones，and audio players are an essential part of students' everyday lives.That means that whenever students are doing homework，they are going to be faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning.Instead of concentrating on one task，they are performing multiple tasks.
According to the research by Larry Rosen，published in the journal Computers in Human Science，students spend up to 45% of their homework time on various tasks unrelated to their studies.Students often get distracted（分神）by their phones or use their laptops for unauthorized （未经许可的）activities.
Often，students think that they are able to multitask effectively，without sacrificing their studies.However，the research shows that it is true in only 5% of all cases.
But why do teenagers multitask？The answer is simple：multitasking makes us feel good.As the research indicates，the entertainment gained from secondary activities during studies makes learners feel better emotionally.Watching TV or talking to your friends by email is pleasant and helps students fight boredom while doing homework or listening to a lecture they find boring.Another reason why students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework.Teenagers often overrate their abilities.The seemingly tiny distractions，however，result in a constant need to switch focus and sort out information，injuring the brain by overuse and making the process inefficient.
However，the effects of multitasking are not entirely negative.The research conducted by HKU indicates that people who routinely multitask are able to use their senses in conjunction （结合）more easily.Other research also shows that multitasking has a positive effect on the ability to pass judgment and solve problems quickly and efficiently.
（1）What problem do students have when doing homework？ ______
（2）How does multitasking influence students' study？ ______
（3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
Students choose to multitask even though they are aware that they might get distracted. ______
（4）What measure （s） can you take to avoid your multitasking？Why？（ In about 40 words） ______
28. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。学校下个月将举办英文短剧大赛。作为班长，你打算邀请外教Mr.Jenson 帮助指导你班的英文短剧表演。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
（1）指导的具体内容；
（2）排练安排和其他注意事项。
注意：（1）词数100左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：
rehearse-to practise or make people practise something such as a play or concert in order to prepare for a public performance rehearsal-a time when all the people in a play，concert etc.practise before a public performance
Dear Mr：Jenson，
____________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】D、D、B、A、C、A、C、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.search搜查；B.sadness伤心；C.cry哭喊；D.attempt尝试。句意：为了尽可能多地记住单词，我不顾一切地开始夜以继日地阅读。根据上文中的"Determined to win，I opened my dictionary to learn how to spell every word in English."可知是"尝试"。故选D项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.repeat重复；B.learn学习；C.prefer偏爱；D.remember记住。句意：这次失败的痛苦是如此之大，以至于直到今天，我还记得那个词："涂鸦"。根据上文中的"During the competition，I misspelled one word.The pain over this defeat was so great that—to this day"可知，作者对拼错的单词印象深刻，难以忘记。故选D项。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.showed展示；B.strengthened加强；C.shook摇晃；D.tested测试。句意：然而，我投入了如此多的努力却没有成功，这更坚定了我更加努力学习的决心。根据上文中的"However，not succeeding in something I invested so much effort in only…"可知，这次失败的痛反而加强了作者认真读书的决心。故选B项。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.access获得的机会；B.freedom自由；C.attention注意；D.devotion投入。句意：后来，我的学校参加了一个由非营利组织主办的法语听写比赛，该组织为贫困儿童提供了受教育的机会。根据上文中的"…hosted by a nonprofit organization that gives kids in poverty…"可知，非营利性组织是为了帮助贫困的孩子有上学机会的，access to sth.意为"……的机会"。故选A项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.took带走；B.pulled拉，拽；C.hit重击；D.pressed按压。句意：法语不是我的第一语言，所以我更加用功读书。固定短语hit the books 意为"用功读书"。故选C项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.doubled加倍；B.spread传播；C.transformed转换；D.obtained获得。句意：这种喜悦加倍了，因为我知道我的胜利也帮助孩子们学会了阅读和写作。根据上文中的"In the competition，I scored the highest in my school!"和下文中的"because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write."可知，作者的快乐翻倍了。故选A项。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.obvious明显的；B.average一般的；C.close接近的；D.familiar熟悉的。句意：虽然这不是我梦寐以求的，但已经很接近了！根据上文中的"Although it wasn't what I had dreamed of，"可知，接近了自己的梦想。故选C项。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.rules规矩；B.abilities能力；C.methods方法；D.ideas思想。句意：除了这个奖项，我还获得了我余生都会用到的能力，比如毅力和批判性思维。根据下文中的"that I'd use for the rest of my life，such as persistence and critical thinking."可知是"能力"。故选B项。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.interest兴趣；B.reaction回应；C.change改变；D.power力量。句意：我发现，无论我们是在为自己还是为他人创造改变，我们永远不知道什么能成为辉煌未来的催化剂。根据下文中的"we never know what can be the catalyst（催化剂）of a brilliant future."可知是"改变"。故选C项。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.simple简单的；B.huge巨大的；C.famous著名的；D.useful有用的。句意：有时候，这种催化剂就像一本书一样简单。根据下文中的"as…as a book."可知，读书是一件简单的事情。故选A项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在自己参加的单词拼写比赛中的经历，给自己和他人带来了改变，使作者获得了以后生活中所需的能力。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
11.【答案】【小题1】countries
【小题2】would be/were
【小题3】a
【小题4】how
【小题5】had believed
【小题6】are discovered
【小题7】on/upon
【小题8】socially
【小题9】lowering
【小题10】who/that
【解析】（1）考查可数名词的复数。句意：由于她的许多同学的家庭来自不同的国家，艾米建议举办一个独特的晚餐之夜，每个学生都可以带上他的家菜。different修饰名词时，名词用复数形式。故填countries。
（2）考查谓语动词。句意：她知道家长和学生会很乐意花钱尝试不同的食物！结合句意和knew可知，句子用一般过去时，主语parents and students是复数，谓语动词用were；结合句意可知，从句中的动作可以表示将来的动作，所以从句中的谓语可以使用过去将来时态。故填would be/were。
（3）考查冠词。句意：这是一次巨大的成功。结合句意可知，此处表示"一次巨大的成功"，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，great发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。
（4）考查主语从句。句意：现在看来，我们如何获得知识和理解似乎很明显。it为形式主语，该空引导真正的主语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，缺少方式状语。故填how。
（5）考查时态。句意：然而，在17世纪，许多人倾向于忽视事实，不愿意挑战他们的信仰。结合句意可知，从句中的谓语believe发生在主句的谓语部分were unwilling to challenge之前，表示"过去的过去"，故用过去完成时。故填had believed。
（6）考查时态语态。句意：所以伽利略•伽利莱说："所有的真理一旦被发现就很容易理解；关键是要发现它们。结合句意和are可知，句子用一般现在时，主语为they，谓语动词用复数形式，且与discover之间为被动关系，故填are discovered。
（7）考查介词。句意：越来越重视员工的福祉是完美主义不受欢迎的原因之一。an emphasis on/upon sth表示"对……强调"。故填on/upon。
（8）考查副词。句意：完美主义者也可能伤害团队精神，因为他们被认为比非完美主义者更不善于社交，更不讨人喜欢。此处用副词作状语修饰skilled，故填socially。
（9）考查动名词。句意：幸运的是，不追求完美主义并不意味着降低高标准。mean doing sth表示"意味着做某事"，mean to do sth.意为"打算做某事"，结合句意可知，"意味着作某事"符合句意。故填lowering。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：完美主义者非常烦人，但他们远没有那些没有任何标准的人那么糟糕。此处引导定语从句，先行词为people，在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
A是一篇记叙文。讲述了Amy在家中成功的举办了一次独特的晚宴，每个来自不同国家的学生带了一份家乡菜。
B是一篇说明文。主要讲述了我们该如何获得和理解知识。
C是一篇说明文。主要介绍了完美主义和完美主义者的特点，并指出不追求完美主义并不意味着降低高标准。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
12~14.【答案】D、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The bald eagle has faced extinction twice.The first occurred in the late 19th century. "It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot， " he said.He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal，and considered a threat（秃鹰曾两次面临灭绝。第一次发生在19世纪后期。"那时，秃鹰一被发现就会遭到射杀，"他说。他解释说秃鹰被视为一种危险的动物，被认为是一种威胁。）可知，19世纪末期，秃鹰被猎杀是因为人们认为秃鹰是一种威胁，这让秃鹰几乎灭绝。A.The illegal hunting.非法狩猎；B.The loose control of guns.对枪支的松散控制；C.The attack from other animals.其他动物的攻击；D.The misunderstanding of their threat.对他们威胁的误解。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段At that time，only about one-third of the nation's water was safe for swimming and fishing， " Davis said. "That was eagle habitat，but also our habitat. " "We stepped up. " He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization，Fish and Wildlife，to launch "hugely successful" eagle protection projects.（"当时，全国只有大约三分之一的水域可以安全游泳和钓鱼，"戴维斯说。"那是鹰的栖息地，也是我们的栖息地。""我们站了出来。"他提到，这种情况让非营利组织Fish and Wildlife启动了"hugely successful"鹰保护项目。）可知，秃鹰生存条件的恶化促使非营利性组织Fish and Wildlife发起鹰保护项目。故选D。
（3）目的意图题。根据最后一段For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals，Davis said，almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.（戴维斯说，对于那些希望帮助白头鹰和其他濒危动物恢复的人来说，几乎每个州都有一个接受捐款、欢迎游客和志愿者的中心。）可知，每个州都有接受捐赠并欢迎游客和志愿者的中心，这是对人们发起号召，让大家行动起来保护野生动物，再结合本文介绍的秃鹰两次濒临灭绝的情况综合推断可知，这篇文章是为了提升人们保护野生动物的意识。因此C.To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.（提高保护野生动物的意识。）符合题意。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了秃鹰面临的两次灭绝，在政府和一些野生动物保护组织的努力下，秃鹰从美国濒临灭绝物种名单中消除。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
15~17.【答案】A、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据"Would you like me to throw it away for you？" I asked. （"你想让我把它扔掉吗？"我问。）以及"Ha，ha，no.Let me explain something， " my father said cheerfully.（"哈，哈，不。让我解释一下，"父亲高兴地说。）可知，父亲想要保存已经过期的酒。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的In a job situation，we want promotion so much that we will step on others. （在工作中，我们非常想升职，以至于我们会把别人踩在脚下。）和All these common situations have one thing in common：they could all be solved if we just took our time.（所有这些常见的情况都有一个共同点：只要我们慢慢来，它们都可以解决。）以及最后一段中的We need to be ready for whatever comes，ready for the unexpected.（我们需要为即将到来的一切做好准备，为意想不到的事情做好准备。）可知，父亲认为应该耐心地为晋升做好准备。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的We need to be ready for whatever comes，ready for the unexpected.Just as wine gets better over time，so will the things in our paths.（我们需要为即将到来的一切做好准备，为意想不到的事情做好准备。正如葡萄酒随着时间的推移变得更好一样，我们人生道路上的事情也会变得更好。）可知，C项"好事属于那些愿意等待的人。"符合题意。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。通过父亲和儿子的对话，告诉我们正如葡萄酒随着时间的推移变得更好一样，我们也会慢慢地变得更好。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
18~21.【答案】B、D、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段That figure has been increasing，from 40 gigatons a year in the 1980s to 250 gigatons a year in the 2010s.But the increase is just a slight change in a complex process.（这一数字一直在增加，从1980年代的每年40亿吨增加到2010年代的每年250千兆吨。但这种增加只是复杂过程中的微小变化。）可知，研究者认为这种增加只是一个微小的变化，由此可推断，南极洲冰层的每年的损失是有限的的。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Researchers constructed a special model to prove their idea.（研究人员构建了一个特殊的模型来证明他们的想法。）可知，只有一项研究采用了建模模式，故A.Both studies constructed new models.（两项研究都构建了新的模型）错误；根据第三段Researchers in the study of Thwaites Glacier （冰川）-an unusually broad and fast Antarctic glacier-infer that in the past it became smaller for half a year at more than twice the fastest rate ever observed.（研究思韦茨冰川的研究人员推断，在过去的半年里，它以超过观测到的最快速度的两倍的速度变小。）可知，该冰川融化的速度变小而不是更快，故B.The Thwaites Glacier melts faster than expected.（思韦茨冰川融化的速度比预期的要快。）错误；根据第四段A second study tested the idea that the melted freshwater could be carried by currents to speed up the discharge of nearby glaciers.（第二项研究测试了融化的淡水可以被水流携带以加速附近冰川排放的想法。）可知，是融化的淡水增加了附近冰川的消融，故C.The complexity of the ocean speeds up the discharge of glaciers.（海洋的复杂性加速了冰川的消融）错误；根据第三段The cause of this specific event remains unknown，partly because the time of the rapid melting hasn't yet been determined.（这一特定事件的原因仍然未知，部分原因是快速融化的时间尚未确定。）"可知，Thwaites Glacier的融化原因和快速融化的时间不明确。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段Researchers constructed a special model to prove their idea.If ocean currents can connect the discharges of distant glaciers，that would add to the complexity in the Antarctic ice sheet.To emphasize their idea，researchers used human influences almost three times larger.（研究人员构建了一个特殊的模型来证明他们的想法。如果洋流可以连接遥远冰川的排放，这将增加南极冰盖的复杂性。为了强调他们的想法，研究人员使用了几乎三倍于人类的影响。）可知，研究者用建模的方式研究洋流可能对冰川融化的影响，所以使用的近乎三倍于人类的影响进行研究。划线短语所在的句子与其前的"Even though that fact is stated in the paper，reporters rarely…（尽管报纸上陈述了这一事实，但记者很少……）"是转折关系，即使报纸上陈述了这一事实，但是……，结合选项可知，此处表示"他们没有注意到区别"，在结合下文中对新闻标题的更改，可以确定，此短语的意思是"注意差别"。A.deny the obvious facts否认明显的事实；B.pay attention to the difference注意区别；C.evaluate the details评估细节；D.are serious about the warning你对这个警告很认真。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段These papers describe the science with appropriate precision and caution，but it is a shame that the media misrepresents the research to raise alarm.That denies the public the right to make informed decisions about "climate action， " as well as the opportunity to be amazed at the science itself.（这些论文以适当的精确和谨慎描述了科学，但令人遗憾的是，媒体歪曲了研究以引起警惕。这剥夺了公众就"气候行动"做出知情决定的权利，也剥夺了对科学本身感到惊讶的机会。）可知，媒体歪曲了研究而引起警惕，剥夺了公众的知情决定权，由此可以推断，媒体对南极冰川的报道误导了公众。因此C.Reports of the media on Antarctic glaciers mislead the public.（媒体关于南极冰川的报道误导了公众。）符合题意。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。阐述的是一篇骇人听闻的关于南极冰层变小的报道，引起了人们的恐慌，本文主要讲述的是两项针对于这项报道的研究，这两项研究使用明智的做法推断过去的情况和先进的计算机建模来显示可能的情况，来证实媒体报道的不实，歪曲了研究的实情，误导了公众。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
22~26.【答案】G、F、C、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文While it might sound surprising，being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem（虽然这听起来很奇怪，但能够嘲笑自己对你的自尊心有好处），可知表示"它甚至可以改善你的关系，帮助你更有效地面对挑战"的选项G符合前后的语境，be good for your self-esteem和improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively是关键词，故选G。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Making fun of yourself is a form of self-critical humor，which can involve being too modest，or even laughing at yourself humorously（取笑自己是一种自我批评的幽默，这可能包括过于谦虚，甚至幽默地嘲笑自己）；以及后句However，research suggests they tend to be more self- confident（然而，研究表明，他们往往更自信），可知表示"有这种幽默感的人有时被认为是自卑的"的选项F符合前后的转折关系，故选F。
（3）主题判断题。根据后句Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others.Interestingly，research suggests that both men and women think that being able to make fun of yourself is an attractive trait，despite differences in their ways of using humor（取笑自己可能有助于让你更讨人喜欢，并与他人建立更牢固的关系。有趣的是，研究表明，无论是男性还是女性，都认为能够取笑自己是一种有吸引力的特质，尽管他们使用幽默的方式不同），可知表示"人们更喜欢能自嘲的人"的选项C符合前后的语境，an attractive trait和more drawn to others是关键词，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句When you view situations as threats，stress levels increase（当你将情况视为威胁时，压力水平会增加），可知表示"能够嘲笑自己可以通过改变自己的观点来缓解压力"的选项D符合前后的语境，stress levels increase和relieve stress是关键词，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree，you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being（如果你适度的看待自己的弱点和不完美，你会感到更快乐，并改善你的关系和整体幸福感），可知表示"找到一个适合你的平衡点"的选项A符合前后的语境，embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree和a balance是关键词，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了能够嘲笑自己可以带来的好处。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
27.【答案】The problem is using their devices for purposes other than learning./They are faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning./They use their devices for purposes other than learning.
【解析】（1）The problem is using their devices for purposes other than learning./They are faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning./They use their devices for purposes other than learning.
细节理解题。根据第一段的That means that whenever students are doing homework，they are going to be faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning.（这意味着无论何时学生做作业，他们都将面临使用他们的设备而不是学习的问题）可知，学生作家庭作业时面临的问题是将设备用于学习以外的目的。故答案为：The problem is using their devices for purposes other than learning./They are faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning./They use their devices for purposes other than learning.
（2）Students often get distracted by using their phones or their laptops for unauthorized activities and even sacrifice their studies while multitasking.Students often get distracted.Their studies are sacrificed.细节理解题。根据第二段的students spend up to 45%of their homework time on various tasks unrelated to their studies.Students often get distracted（分神）by their phones or use their laptops for unauthorized（未经许可的）activities.Often，students think that they are able to multitask effectively，without sacrificing their studies.However，the research shows that it is true in only 5%of all cases.（学生们把多达45%的家庭作业时间花在与学业无关的各种任务上。学生们经常被他们的手机或使用笔记本电脑进行未经授权的活动分散注意力。通常，学生们认为他们能够有效地同时处理多项任务，而不会牺牲学业。然而，研究表明，只有5%的情况是正确的）可知，多任务处理会影响学生，是因为学生经常因使用手机或笔记本电脑进行未经授权的活动而分心，甚至在多任务处理时牺牲学业。故答案为：Students often get distracted by using their phones or their laptops for unauthorized activities and even sacrifice their studies while multitasking.
（3）Students choose to multitask
According to the passage，students choose to multitask because they are unaware that they might get distracted./Another reason the students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their
coursework./According to the passage，many students are not aware that they might get distracted by multitasking./According to the passage，they often overrate their abilities，unaware that they might get distracted by multitasking.细节理解题。根据第三段的Another reason why students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework.Teenagers often overrate their abilities.（学生们一心多用的另一个原因是他们根本看不到这对他们的课程作业有负面影响。青少年常常高估自己的能力）可知，学生选择多任务是因为有时他们没有意识到这会对他们的课业产生负面影响。因此错误的部分是"even though they are aware that they might get distracted."。根据本文，学生选择多任务是因为他们没有意识到这会对他们的可也产生负面影响。故答案为：Students choose to multitask even though they are aware that they might get distracted.According to the passage，students choose to multitask because they are unaware that they might get distracted./Another reason the students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework./According to the passage，many students are not aware that they might get distracted by multitasking./According to the passage，they often overrate their abilities，unaware that they might get distracted by multitasking.
（4）I would set my academic goal，which helps me find appropriate ways to focus on my study.Additionally，I would keep away from the devices causing multitasking.With them out of reach，I would not be distracted by the unnecessary information. /I always switch off my phone while doing homework to avoid multitasking.Without access to the phone，I won't check the updates on social media from time to time.Besides，without the ocean of information from the phone，I can concentrate on my work well.开放性题目。结合文章内容，答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：我会设定我的学术目标，这有助于我找到适当的方法来专注于我的学习。此外，我会远离导致多任务处理的设备。有了他们，我就不会被不必要的信息分心。我总是在做作业时关掉手机，以避免多任务处理。由于无法使用手机，我不会不时查看社交媒体上的更新。此外，没有电话里的大量信息，我可以很好地集中精力工作。故答案为：I would set my academic goal，which helps me find appropriate ways to focus on my study.Additionally，I would keep away from the devices causing multitasking.With them out of reach，I would not be distracted by the unnecessary information./I always switch off my phone while doing homework to avoid multitasking.Without access to the phone，I won't check the updates on social media from time to time.Besides，without the ocean of information from the phone，I can concentrate on my work well.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了通常情况下多任务会导致学生分心，以及学生选择多任务的原因。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合问题给出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
28.【答案】Dear Mr.Jenson，
Hope this letter finds you well.With the English Drama Competition approaching next month，I am writing to invite you to give us instructions on our play.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
First of all，could you proofread and polish our script？Your insights are highly appreciated as always.What's over，we will be honored if you could help improve our pronunciation and acting during the rehearsal.【高分句型二】（排练安排）
We make a plan to rehearse twice a week in the dancing studio.Just a little friendly reminder，masks are required in the studio for precaution.Our first meeting will be at 6 p.m.next Monday.Will you be free then？（其他注意事项）
We would appreciate it if you could come.（感谢）
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：With the English Drama Competition approaching next month，I am writing to invite you to give us instructions on our play.
译文：随着下个月英语戏剧比赛的临近，我写信邀请您对我们的戏剧进行指导。
分析：这句话使用了with复合结构。
高分句型二：What's over，we will be honored if you could help improve our pronunciation and acting during the rehearsal.
译文：结束了，如果你能在排练中帮助我们提高发音和表演，我们将不胜荣幸。
分析：这句话使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
2022-2023学年北京市海淀区高二（上）期末英语试卷
In the tenth grade，my peers gave me a nickname that stuck until graduation： "Dictionary. " It all started the day my teacher announced a national spelling bee competition.
Determined to win，I opened my dictionary to learn how to spell every word in English.In a desperate(1)to memorize the most words possible，I began reading day and night.
During the competition，I misspelled one word.The pain over this defeat was so great that-to this day-I(2)the word： "graffiti. "However，not succeeding in something I invested so much effort in only(3) my determination to study harder.
Later，my school was participating in a French dictation competition hosted by a nonprofit organization that gives kids in poverty (4) to an education.
French isn't my first language，so I (5) the books even harder.I spent all my free time studying.
In the competition，I scored the highest in my school!I felt so proud.That joy was(6) because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write.
In the final，I took the fifth place.Although it wasn't what I had dreamed of，it was quite(7) !
Besides the award，I acquired the(8) that I'd use for the rest of my life，such as persistence and critical thinking.And I found that whether we are generating(9) for ourselves or for others，we never know what can be the catalyst（催化剂）of a brilliant future.Sometimes，that catalyst can be as(10)as a book.
1. A. search B. sadness C. cry D. attempt
2. A. repeat B. learn C. prefer D. remember
3. A. showed B. strengthened C. shook D. tested
4. A. access B. freedom C. attention D. devotion
5. A. took B. pulled C. hit D. pressed
6. A. doubled B. spread C. transformed D. obtained
7. A. obvious B. average C. close D. familiar
8. A. rules B. abilities C. methods D. ideas
9. A. interest B. reaction C. change D. power
10. A. simple B. huge C. famous D. useful
11.
A
Amy's school needed to collect money for more computers.Since many of her classmates' families were from different (1) （country），Amy suggested holding a unique dinner night where every student could bring in his home dish.She knew parents and students (2) （be） glad to pay money to try different foods!For this dinner，Amy brought in chicken with potatoes while her Chinese friend Li Hua brought in fried eggs with tomatoes.It was (3) great success.
B
"Who questions much，shall learn much，and remember much， " said Francis Bacon.Now it seems obvious (4) we acquire knowledge and understanding.However，in the 17th century，many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they (5) （believe）.But our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing.So Galileo Galilei said， "All truths are easy to understand once they (6) （discover）；the point is to discover them. "
C
Perfectionism，as a classic response to life，is riskier than it once was.A growing emphasis (7) employees' well-being is one reason why perfectionism is out of favour.Perfectionists may also hurt team spirit，because they are regarded as being less (8) （social） skilled and less likeable than non-perfectionists.However，some jobs actively require perfectionism.Fortunately，discouraging perfectionism does not mean (9) （lower） high standards.Perfectionists are deeply annoying but they are nowhere near as bad as people (10) don't have any standards.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
C
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States.This is because the bird wasn't always held with respect.At the National Book Festival，author Jack E.Davis detailed the bald eagle's "great conservation success story".
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice.The first occurred in the late 19th century. "It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot， " he said.He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal，and considered a threat.But such threat tended to be overstated.Throughout the early 20th century，thousands of bald eagles were shot down.Things began to change for the bird in 1940，when the government passed its legal protection-the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However，only five years later，the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT，an environmentally harmful insecticide （杀虫剂），was introduced at the end of World War II．In 1963，the bald eagle hit its lowest number-totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. "At that time，only about one-third of the nation's water was safe for swimming and fishing， " Davis said. "That was eagle habitat，but also our habitat. " "We stepped up. " He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization，Fish and Wildlife，to launch "hugely successful" eagle protection projects.
By 2007，the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health，reaching nearly 11，000 nesting pairs nationwide，and today's number is somewhere around 500，000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals，Davis said，almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.
12. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time？ ______
A. The illegal hunting.
B. The loose control of guns.
C. The attack from other animals.
D. The misunderstanding of their threat.
13. What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects？ ______
A. The outbreak of World War II.
B. The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C. The disappearance of eagle habitat.
D. The worsening of eagles' living condition.
14. What's the main purpose of the passage？ ______
A. To tell a story of a dying species.
B. To advertise the book of Jack E.Davis.
C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
D
My dad loves his wine.One day while making a sandwich，I noticed the date on one of his wine bottles.I then took it out of the pantry（食品贮藏室）and rushed toward my father.
"Dad，Dad!" I shouted. "This wine is way past its 'best before' date. "
"Son，hold on， "he said.
"No，you can't drink this any more!"
"Wait，let me tell you. . . "
"Would you like me to throw it away for you？" I asked.
"Ha，ha，no.Let me explain something， " my father said cheerfully.
"But. . . " I didn't want my father getting sick.
"Son，some wines get better over time.The longer you wait to drink it，the better it will be.Although this may seem strange，it is true. "
When I was young，I didn't have any understanding of what this meant.But now，looking back，this would have been very helpful to remember as I went through my teenager years.
We are all so keen to reach the next step quickly that we will do anything to get there.This has a negative effect on our society.In a job situation，we want promotion so much that we will step on others.When trying to go to the right college，we will do anything to get in.When we rush through our homework，we may not study enough for the test，and end up failing.All these common situations have one thing in common：they could all be solved if we just took our time.
When we don't fully prepare ourselves for the next level，we become a society of people who aren't ready，but want the rewards of reaching the next level.This cheats others who have prepared and deserve the job.We need to be ready for whatever comes，ready for the unexpected.Just as wine gets better over time，so will the things in our paths.
15. How did the father react to the out-of-date wine？ ______
A. He insisted on keeping it.
B. He drank it up immediately.
C. He checked if it was drinkable.
D. He asked his son to throw it away.
16. Which of the following might the father approve of？ ______
A. Graduating from college ahead of time.
B. Getting the best job as quickly as possible.
C. Preparing ourselves for a promotion patiently.
D. Doing schoolwork despite missing the deadline.
17. What can we conclude from the passage？ ______
A. Good things come to those who wait.
B. Positive thinking results in success.
C. He who laughs last，laughs best.
D. Time and tide wait for no man.
E
Alarming reports that the Antarctic ice sheet is becoming smaller misrepresent the facts.The ice sheet holds about 26.5 million gigatons （十亿吨）of water．If it were to melt（融化）completely，sea levels would rise 190 feet.Such a change is an issue for the far future，if it comes at all.
Much more modest ice loss is normal in Antarctica.Each year，some 2，200 gigatons of the ice is discharged （消融），while snowfall adds almost the same amount.The difference between the discharge and addition each year is the annual loss.That figure has been increasing，from 40 gigatons a year in the 1980s to 250 gigatons a year in the 2010s.But the increase is just a slight change in a complex process.If it continued at that rate，the sea level would be raised by 3 inches over 100 years.
Many fear that a warming globe could increase discharge and cause more rapid sea-level rise.Two recent studies focus on this issue.Researchers in the study of Thwaites Glacier （冰川）-an unusually broad and fast Antarctic glacier-infer that in the past it became smaller for half a year at more than twice the fastest rate ever observed.The cause of this specific event remains unknown，partly because the time of the rapid melting hasn't yet been determined.But the media goes with this angle： "A 'doomsday （末日）glacier'，the size of Florida，is breaking faster than thought. "
A second study tested the idea that the melted freshwater could be carried by currents to speed up the discharge of nearby glaciers.Researchers constructed a special model to prove their idea.If ocean currents can connect the discharges of distant glaciers，that would add to the complexity in the Antarctic ice sheet.To emphasize their idea，researchers used human influences almost three times larger.Even though that fact is stated in the paper，reporters rarely ，and the media goes with headlines such as "a massive tsunami would drown New York City，killing millions. " A more accurate headline would read： "Ocean currents connecting Antarctic glaciers might quicken their melting. "
These two studies were conducted with clever methods to infer past conditions and advanced computer modeling to show possible situations.These papers describe the science with appropriate precision and caution，but it is a shame that the media misrepresents the research to raise alarm.That denies the public the right to make informed decisions about "climate action， " as well as the opportunity to be amazed at the science itself.
18. What does the author think of the annual loss of the Antarctic ice sheet？ ______
A. It's a danger. B. It's limited.
C. It changes significantly. D. It decreases yearly.
19. What can we learn from the two studies？ ______
A. Both studies constructed new models.
B. The Thwaites Glacier melts faster than expected.
C. The complexity of the ocean speeds up the discharge of glaciers.
D. Neither the reason nor the time of the Thwaites Glacier's melting is known.
20. The underlined phrase "catch such nuance" probably means. ______
A. deny the obvious facts B. pay attention to the difference
C. evaluate the details D. are serious about the warning
21. What can we conclude from this passage？ ______
A. Antarctic glaciers melting makes sea level rise greatly.
B. Recent studies on the melting ice call for people's action.
C. Reports of the media on Antarctic glaciers mislead the public.
D. The researches about the glaciers melting raise public awareness.
The Benefits of Making Fun of Yourself
Being able to laugh at yourself isn't always easy.However，making light of your weaknesses and life challenges can have a number of benefits.While it might sound surprising，being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem（自尊）． (1)
Making fun of yourself is a form of self-critical humor，which can involve being too modest，or even laughing at yourself humorously. (2) However，research suggests they tend to be more self- confident.When this type of humor is used to maintain a positive attitude in difficult situations，it can help enhance well-being and self-esteem.
(3) Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others.Interestingly，research suggests that both men and women think that being able to make fun of yourself is an attractive trait，despite differences in their ways of using humor.
Laughter has been shown to have a number of stress-fighting benefits. (4) When you view situations as threats，stress levels increase.Shifting to a mindset that allows you to see these situations as challenges can transform this into what is known as "good stress" that helps you feel more empowered.
Making fun of yourself can have some benefits，but it's important not to take things too far.If making fun of yourself starts negatively impacting your mental health or well-being，it's time to take a step back. (5) If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree，you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being.
A.Find a balance that works for you.
B.Laughing at yourself helps accept yourself.
C.People are more drawn to others who can laugh at themselves.
D.Being able to laugh at yourself can relieve stress by changing your view.
E.Making fun of yourself in difficult situations can reduce your stress greatly.
F.People with such a sense of humor are sometimes regarded as having low self-esteem.
G.It might even improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively.
22. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
23. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
24. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
25. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
26. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
27. Computers，smartphones，and audio players are an essential part of students' everyday lives.That means that whenever students are doing homework，they are going to be faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning.Instead of concentrating on one task，they are performing multiple tasks.
According to the research by Larry Rosen，published in the journal Computers in Human Science，students spend up to 45% of their homework time on various tasks unrelated to their studies.Students often get distracted（分神）by their phones or use their laptops for unauthorized （未经许可的）activities.
Often，students think that they are able to multitask effectively，without sacrificing their studies.However，the research shows that it is true in only 5% of all cases.
But why do teenagers multitask？The answer is simple：multitasking makes us feel good.As the research indicates，the entertainment gained from secondary activities during studies makes learners feel better emotionally.Watching TV or talking to your friends by email is pleasant and helps students fight boredom while doing homework or listening to a lecture they find boring.Another reason why students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework.Teenagers often overrate their abilities.The seemingly tiny distractions，however，result in a constant need to switch focus and sort out information，injuring the brain by overuse and making the process inefficient.
However，the effects of multitasking are not entirely negative.The research conducted by HKU indicates that people who routinely multitask are able to use their senses in conjunction （结合）more easily.Other research also shows that multitasking has a positive effect on the ability to pass judgment and solve problems quickly and efficiently.
（1）What problem do students have when doing homework？ ______
（2）How does multitasking influence students' study？ ______
（3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
Students choose to multitask even though they are aware that they might get distracted. ______
（4）What measure （s） can you take to avoid your multitasking？Why？（ In about 40 words） ______
28. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。学校下个月将举办英文短剧大赛。作为班长，你打算邀请外教Mr.Jenson 帮助指导你班的英文短剧表演。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
（1）指导的具体内容；
（2）排练安排和其他注意事项。
注意：（1）词数100左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：
rehearse-to practise or make people practise something such as a play or concert in order to prepare for a public performance rehearsal-a time when all the people in a play，concert etc.practise before a public performance
Dear Mr：Jenson，
____________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】D、D、B、A、C、A、C、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.search搜查；B.sadness伤心；C.cry哭喊；D.attempt尝试。句意：为了尽可能多地记住单词，我不顾一切地开始夜以继日地阅读。根据上文中的"Determined to win，I opened my dictionary to learn how to spell every word in English."可知是"尝试"。故选D项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.repeat重复；B.learn学习；C.prefer偏爱；D.remember记住。句意：这次失败的痛苦是如此之大，以至于直到今天，我还记得那个词："涂鸦"。根据上文中的"During the competition，I misspelled one word.The pain over this defeat was so great that—to this day"可知，作者对拼错的单词印象深刻，难以忘记。故选D项。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.showed展示；B.strengthened加强；C.shook摇晃；D.tested测试。句意：然而，我投入了如此多的努力却没有成功，这更坚定了我更加努力学习的决心。根据上文中的"However，not succeeding in something I invested so much effort in only…"可知，这次失败的痛反而加强了作者认真读书的决心。故选B项。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.access获得的机会；B.freedom自由；C.attention注意；D.devotion投入。句意：后来，我的学校参加了一个由非营利组织主办的法语听写比赛，该组织为贫困儿童提供了受教育的机会。根据上文中的"…hosted by a nonprofit organization that gives kids in poverty…"可知，非营利性组织是为了帮助贫困的孩子有上学机会的，access to sth.意为"……的机会"。故选A项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.took带走；B.pulled拉，拽；C.hit重击；D.pressed按压。句意：法语不是我的第一语言，所以我更加用功读书。固定短语hit the books 意为"用功读书"。故选C项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.doubled加倍；B.spread传播；C.transformed转换；D.obtained获得。句意：这种喜悦加倍了，因为我知道我的胜利也帮助孩子们学会了阅读和写作。根据上文中的"In the competition，I scored the highest in my school!"和下文中的"because I knew my victory was also helping children learn to read and write."可知，作者的快乐翻倍了。故选A项。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.obvious明显的；B.average一般的；C.close接近的；D.familiar熟悉的。句意：虽然这不是我梦寐以求的，但已经很接近了！根据上文中的"Although it wasn't what I had dreamed of，"可知，接近了自己的梦想。故选C项。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.rules规矩；B.abilities能力；C.methods方法；D.ideas思想。句意：除了这个奖项，我还获得了我余生都会用到的能力，比如毅力和批判性思维。根据下文中的"that I'd use for the rest of my life，such as persistence and critical thinking."可知是"能力"。故选B项。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.interest兴趣；B.reaction回应；C.change改变；D.power力量。句意：我发现，无论我们是在为自己还是为他人创造改变，我们永远不知道什么能成为辉煌未来的催化剂。根据下文中的"we never know what can be the catalyst（催化剂）of a brilliant future."可知是"改变"。故选C项。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.simple简单的；B.huge巨大的；C.famous著名的；D.useful有用的。句意：有时候，这种催化剂就像一本书一样简单。根据下文中的"as…as a book."可知，读书是一件简单的事情。故选A项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在自己参加的单词拼写比赛中的经历，给自己和他人带来了改变，使作者获得了以后生活中所需的能力。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
11.【答案】【小题1】countries
【小题2】would be/were
【小题3】a
【小题4】how
【小题5】had believed
【小题6】are discovered
【小题7】on/upon
【小题8】socially
【小题9】lowering
【小题10】who/that
【解析】（1）考查可数名词的复数。句意：由于她的许多同学的家庭来自不同的国家，艾米建议举办一个独特的晚餐之夜，每个学生都可以带上他的家菜。different修饰名词时，名词用复数形式。故填countries。
（2）考查谓语动词。句意：她知道家长和学生会很乐意花钱尝试不同的食物！结合句意和knew可知，句子用一般过去时，主语parents and students是复数，谓语动词用were；结合句意可知，从句中的动作可以表示将来的动作，所以从句中的谓语可以使用过去将来时态。故填would be/were。
（3）考查冠词。句意：这是一次巨大的成功。结合句意可知，此处表示"一次巨大的成功"，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，great发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。
（4）考查主语从句。句意：现在看来，我们如何获得知识和理解似乎很明显。it为形式主语，该空引导真正的主语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，缺少方式状语。故填how。
（5）考查时态。句意：然而，在17世纪，许多人倾向于忽视事实，不愿意挑战他们的信仰。结合句意可知，从句中的谓语believe发生在主句的谓语部分were unwilling to challenge之前，表示"过去的过去"，故用过去完成时。故填had believed。
（6）考查时态语态。句意：所以伽利略•伽利莱说："所有的真理一旦被发现就很容易理解；关键是要发现它们。结合句意和are可知，句子用一般现在时，主语为they，谓语动词用复数形式，且与discover之间为被动关系，故填are discovered。
（7）考查介词。句意：越来越重视员工的福祉是完美主义不受欢迎的原因之一。an emphasis on/upon sth表示"对……强调"。故填on/upon。
（8）考查副词。句意：完美主义者也可能伤害团队精神，因为他们被认为比非完美主义者更不善于社交，更不讨人喜欢。此处用副词作状语修饰skilled，故填socially。
（9）考查动名词。句意：幸运的是，不追求完美主义并不意味着降低高标准。mean doing sth表示"意味着做某事"，mean to do sth.意为"打算做某事"，结合句意可知，"意味着作某事"符合句意。故填lowering。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：完美主义者非常烦人，但他们远没有那些没有任何标准的人那么糟糕。此处引导定语从句，先行词为people，在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
A是一篇记叙文。讲述了Amy在家中成功的举办了一次独特的晚宴，每个来自不同国家的学生带了一份家乡菜。
B是一篇说明文。主要讲述了我们该如何获得和理解知识。
C是一篇说明文。主要介绍了完美主义和完美主义者的特点，并指出不追求完美主义并不意味着降低高标准。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
12~14.【答案】D、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The bald eagle has faced extinction twice.The first occurred in the late 19th century. "It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot， " he said.He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal，and considered a threat（秃鹰曾两次面临灭绝。第一次发生在19世纪后期。"那时，秃鹰一被发现就会遭到射杀，"他说。他解释说秃鹰被视为一种危险的动物，被认为是一种威胁。）可知，19世纪末期，秃鹰被猎杀是因为人们认为秃鹰是一种威胁，这让秃鹰几乎灭绝。A.The illegal hunting.非法狩猎；B.The loose control of guns.对枪支的松散控制；C.The attack from other animals.其他动物的攻击；D.The misunderstanding of their threat.对他们威胁的误解。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段At that time，only about one-third of the nation's water was safe for swimming and fishing， " Davis said. "That was eagle habitat，but also our habitat. " "We stepped up. " He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization，Fish and Wildlife，to launch "hugely successful" eagle protection projects.（"当时，全国只有大约三分之一的水域可以安全游泳和钓鱼，"戴维斯说。"那是鹰的栖息地，也是我们的栖息地。""我们站了出来。"他提到，这种情况让非营利组织Fish and Wildlife启动了"hugely successful"鹰保护项目。）可知，秃鹰生存条件的恶化促使非营利性组织Fish and Wildlife发起鹰保护项目。故选D。
（3）目的意图题。根据最后一段For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals，Davis said，almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.（戴维斯说，对于那些希望帮助白头鹰和其他濒危动物恢复的人来说，几乎每个州都有一个接受捐款、欢迎游客和志愿者的中心。）可知，每个州都有接受捐赠并欢迎游客和志愿者的中心，这是对人们发起号召，让大家行动起来保护野生动物，再结合本文介绍的秃鹰两次濒临灭绝的情况综合推断可知，这篇文章是为了提升人们保护野生动物的意识。因此C.To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.（提高保护野生动物的意识。）符合题意。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了秃鹰面临的两次灭绝，在政府和一些野生动物保护组织的努力下，秃鹰从美国濒临灭绝物种名单中消除。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
15~17.【答案】A、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据"Would you like me to throw it away for you？" I asked. （"你想让我把它扔掉吗？"我问。）以及"Ha，ha，no.Let me explain something， " my father said cheerfully.（"哈，哈，不。让我解释一下，"父亲高兴地说。）可知，父亲想要保存已经过期的酒。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的In a job situation，we want promotion so much that we will step on others. （在工作中，我们非常想升职，以至于我们会把别人踩在脚下。）和All these common situations have one thing in common：they could all be solved if we just took our time.（所有这些常见的情况都有一个共同点：只要我们慢慢来，它们都可以解决。）以及最后一段中的We need to be ready for whatever comes，ready for the unexpected.（我们需要为即将到来的一切做好准备，为意想不到的事情做好准备。）可知，父亲认为应该耐心地为晋升做好准备。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的We need to be ready for whatever comes，ready for the unexpected.Just as wine gets better over time，so will the things in our paths.（我们需要为即将到来的一切做好准备，为意想不到的事情做好准备。正如葡萄酒随着时间的推移变得更好一样，我们人生道路上的事情也会变得更好。）可知，C项"好事属于那些愿意等待的人。"符合题意。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。通过父亲和儿子的对话，告诉我们正如葡萄酒随着时间的推移变得更好一样，我们也会慢慢地变得更好。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
18~21.【答案】B、D、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段That figure has been increasing，from 40 gigatons a year in the 1980s to 250 gigatons a year in the 2010s.But the increase is just a slight change in a complex process.（这一数字一直在增加，从1980年代的每年40亿吨增加到2010年代的每年250千兆吨。但这种增加只是复杂过程中的微小变化。）可知，研究者认为这种增加只是一个微小的变化，由此可推断，南极洲冰层的每年的损失是有限的的。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Researchers constructed a special model to prove their idea.（研究人员构建了一个特殊的模型来证明他们的想法。）可知，只有一项研究采用了建模模式，故A.Both studies constructed new models.（两项研究都构建了新的模型）错误；根据第三段Researchers in the study of Thwaites Glacier （冰川）-an unusually broad and fast Antarctic glacier-infer that in the past it became smaller for half a year at more than twice the fastest rate ever observed.（研究思韦茨冰川的研究人员推断，在过去的半年里，它以超过观测到的最快速度的两倍的速度变小。）可知，该冰川融化的速度变小而不是更快，故B.The Thwaites Glacier melts faster than expected.（思韦茨冰川融化的速度比预期的要快。）错误；根据第四段A second study tested the idea that the melted freshwater could be carried by currents to speed up the discharge of nearby glaciers.（第二项研究测试了融化的淡水可以被水流携带以加速附近冰川排放的想法。）可知，是融化的淡水增加了附近冰川的消融，故C.The complexity of the ocean speeds up the discharge of glaciers.（海洋的复杂性加速了冰川的消融）错误；根据第三段The cause of this specific event remains unknown，partly because the time of the rapid melting hasn't yet been determined.（这一特定事件的原因仍然未知，部分原因是快速融化的时间尚未确定。）"可知，Thwaites Glacier的融化原因和快速融化的时间不明确。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段Researchers constructed a special model to prove their idea.If ocean currents can connect the discharges of distant glaciers，that would add to the complexity in the Antarctic ice sheet.To emphasize their idea，researchers used human influences almost three times larger.（研究人员构建了一个特殊的模型来证明他们的想法。如果洋流可以连接遥远冰川的排放，这将增加南极冰盖的复杂性。为了强调他们的想法，研究人员使用了几乎三倍于人类的影响。）可知，研究者用建模的方式研究洋流可能对冰川融化的影响，所以使用的近乎三倍于人类的影响进行研究。划线短语所在的句子与其前的"Even though that fact is stated in the paper，reporters rarely…（尽管报纸上陈述了这一事实，但记者很少……）"是转折关系，即使报纸上陈述了这一事实，但是……，结合选项可知，此处表示"他们没有注意到区别"，在结合下文中对新闻标题的更改，可以确定，此短语的意思是"注意差别"。A.deny the obvious facts否认明显的事实；B.pay attention to the difference注意区别；C.evaluate the details评估细节；D.are serious about the warning你对这个警告很认真。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段These papers describe the science with appropriate precision and caution，but it is a shame that the media misrepresents the research to raise alarm.That denies the public the right to make informed decisions about "climate action， " as well as the opportunity to be amazed at the science itself.（这些论文以适当的精确和谨慎描述了科学，但令人遗憾的是，媒体歪曲了研究以引起警惕。这剥夺了公众就"气候行动"做出知情决定的权利，也剥夺了对科学本身感到惊讶的机会。）可知，媒体歪曲了研究而引起警惕，剥夺了公众的知情决定权，由此可以推断，媒体对南极冰川的报道误导了公众。因此C.Reports of the media on Antarctic glaciers mislead the public.（媒体关于南极冰川的报道误导了公众。）符合题意。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。阐述的是一篇骇人听闻的关于南极冰层变小的报道，引起了人们的恐慌，本文主要讲述的是两项针对于这项报道的研究，这两项研究使用明智的做法推断过去的情况和先进的计算机建模来显示可能的情况，来证实媒体报道的不实，歪曲了研究的实情，误导了公众。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
22~26.【答案】G、F、C、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文While it might sound surprising，being able to make fun of yourself can be good for your self-esteem（虽然这听起来很奇怪，但能够嘲笑自己对你的自尊心有好处），可知表示"它甚至可以改善你的关系，帮助你更有效地面对挑战"的选项G符合前后的语境，be good for your self-esteem和improve your relationships and help you face challenges more effectively是关键词，故选G。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Making fun of yourself is a form of self-critical humor，which can involve being too modest，or even laughing at yourself humorously（取笑自己是一种自我批评的幽默，这可能包括过于谦虚，甚至幽默地嘲笑自己）；以及后句However，research suggests they tend to be more self- confident（然而，研究表明，他们往往更自信），可知表示"有这种幽默感的人有时被认为是自卑的"的选项F符合前后的转折关系，故选F。
（3）主题判断题。根据后句Making fun of yourself may help make you more likable and build stronger relationships with others.Interestingly，research suggests that both men and women think that being able to make fun of yourself is an attractive trait，despite differences in their ways of using humor（取笑自己可能有助于让你更讨人喜欢，并与他人建立更牢固的关系。有趣的是，研究表明，无论是男性还是女性，都认为能够取笑自己是一种有吸引力的特质，尽管他们使用幽默的方式不同），可知表示"人们更喜欢能自嘲的人"的选项C符合前后的语境，an attractive trait和more drawn to others是关键词，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句When you view situations as threats，stress levels increase（当你将情况视为威胁时，压力水平会增加），可知表示"能够嘲笑自己可以通过改变自己的观点来缓解压力"的选项D符合前后的语境，stress levels increase和relieve stress是关键词，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句If you embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree，you will feel happier and improve your relationships and overall well-being（如果你适度的看待自己的弱点和不完美，你会感到更快乐，并改善你的关系和整体幸福感），可知表示"找到一个适合你的平衡点"的选项A符合前后的语境，embrace your weakness and imperfections to a reasonable degree和a balance是关键词，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了能够嘲笑自己可以带来的好处。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
27.【答案】The problem is using their devices for purposes other than learning./They are faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning./They use their devices for purposes other than learning.
【解析】（1）The problem is using their devices for purposes other than learning./They are faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning./They use their devices for purposes other than learning.
细节理解题。根据第一段的That means that whenever students are doing homework，they are going to be faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning.（这意味着无论何时学生做作业，他们都将面临使用他们的设备而不是学习的问题）可知，学生作家庭作业时面临的问题是将设备用于学习以外的目的。故答案为：The problem is using their devices for purposes other than learning./They are faced with the problem of using their devices for purposes other than learning./They use their devices for purposes other than learning.
（2）Students often get distracted by using their phones or their laptops for unauthorized activities and even sacrifice their studies while multitasking.Students often get distracted.Their studies are sacrificed.细节理解题。根据第二段的students spend up to 45%of their homework time on various tasks unrelated to their studies.Students often get distracted（分神）by their phones or use their laptops for unauthorized（未经许可的）activities.Often，students think that they are able to multitask effectively，without sacrificing their studies.However，the research shows that it is true in only 5%of all cases.（学生们把多达45%的家庭作业时间花在与学业无关的各种任务上。学生们经常被他们的手机或使用笔记本电脑进行未经授权的活动分散注意力。通常，学生们认为他们能够有效地同时处理多项任务，而不会牺牲学业。然而，研究表明，只有5%的情况是正确的）可知，多任务处理会影响学生，是因为学生经常因使用手机或笔记本电脑进行未经授权的活动而分心，甚至在多任务处理时牺牲学业。故答案为：Students often get distracted by using their phones or their laptops for unauthorized activities and even sacrifice their studies while multitasking.
（3）Students choose to multitask
According to the passage，students choose to multitask because they are unaware that they might get distracted./Another reason the students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their
coursework./According to the passage，many students are not aware that they might get distracted by multitasking./According to the passage，they often overrate their abilities，unaware that they might get distracted by multitasking.细节理解题。根据第三段的Another reason why students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework.Teenagers often overrate their abilities.（学生们一心多用的另一个原因是他们根本看不到这对他们的课程作业有负面影响。青少年常常高估自己的能力）可知，学生选择多任务是因为有时他们没有意识到这会对他们的课业产生负面影响。因此错误的部分是"even though they are aware that they might get distracted."。根据本文，学生选择多任务是因为他们没有意识到这会对他们的可也产生负面影响。故答案为：Students choose to multitask even though they are aware that they might get distracted.According to the passage，students choose to multitask because they are unaware that they might get distracted./Another reason the students multitask is that they simply do not see the negative impact it has on their coursework./According to the passage，many students are not aware that they might get distracted by multitasking./According to the passage，they often overrate their abilities，unaware that they might get distracted by multitasking.
（4）I would set my academic goal，which helps me find appropriate ways to focus on my study.Additionally，I would keep away from the devices causing multitasking.With them out of reach，I would not be distracted by the unnecessary information. /I always switch off my phone while doing homework to avoid multitasking.Without access to the phone，I won't check the updates on social media from time to time.Besides，without the ocean of information from the phone，I can concentrate on my work well.开放性题目。结合文章内容，答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如：我会设定我的学术目标，这有助于我找到适当的方法来专注于我的学习。此外，我会远离导致多任务处理的设备。有了他们，我就不会被不必要的信息分心。我总是在做作业时关掉手机，以避免多任务处理。由于无法使用手机，我不会不时查看社交媒体上的更新。此外，没有电话里的大量信息，我可以很好地集中精力工作。故答案为：I would set my academic goal，which helps me find appropriate ways to focus on my study.Additionally，I would keep away from the devices causing multitasking.With them out of reach，I would not be distracted by the unnecessary information./I always switch off my phone while doing homework to avoid multitasking.Without access to the phone，I won't check the updates on social media from time to time.Besides，without the ocean of information from the phone，I can concentrate on my work well.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了通常情况下多任务会导致学生分心，以及学生选择多任务的原因。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合问题给出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
28.【答案】Dear Mr.Jenson，
Hope this letter finds you well.With the English Drama Competition approaching next month，I am writing to invite you to give us instructions on our play.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
First of all，could you proofread and polish our script？Your insights are highly appreciated as always.What's over，we will be honored if you could help improve our pronunciation and acting during the rehearsal.【高分句型二】（排练安排）
We make a plan to rehearse twice a week in the dancing studio.Just a little friendly reminder，masks are required in the studio for precaution.Our first meeting will be at 6 p.m.next Monday.Will you be free then？（其他注意事项）
We would appreciate it if you could come.（感谢）
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：With the English Drama Competition approaching next month，I am writing to invite you to give us instructions on our play.
译文：随着下个月英语戏剧比赛的临近，我写信邀请您对我们的戏剧进行指导。
分析：这句话使用了with复合结构。
高分句型二：What's over，we will be honored if you could help improve our pronunciation and acting during the rehearsal.
译文：结束了，如果你能在排练中帮助我们提高发音和表演，我们将不胜荣幸。
分析：这句话使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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