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2022-2023学年山东省烟台市高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年山东省烟台市高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，只交答题卡等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022—2023学年度第一学期期中学业水平诊断
高二英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When did the man see his parents?
A. Days ago. B. Weeks ago. C. Months ago.
2. How does the woman prefer to study English?
A. By writing articles. B. By reading articles. C. By talking with friends.
3. What does the man wish?
A. He had a dog. B. He met other pet owners. C. He could bring his pet to a park.
4 What does the man dislike about chocolate?
A. It’s too sweet. B. It hurts his stomach. C. It’s bad for his teeth.
5. What does the man suggest the woman start doing?
A. Watching TV shows. B. Making Internet videos. C. Following radio programs.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前。你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What brand of car is the most popular in the world according to the woman?
A. Maserati. B. Ford F-Series. C. Toyota Corolla
7. Which county are the man’s favorite cars from?
A. Italy. B. China. C. The US.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10三个小题。
8. Why does the man want to take better photos?
A. To have fun. B. To get more customers. C. To share with his friends.
9. Where does the woman work?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a coffee shop. C. In a clothing shop.
10. How can the woman be described?:
A. Helpful. B. Impatient. C. Curious.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13三个小题。
11. Where are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In an office. C. On a mountain.
12. What is the woman’s favorite place to go for holidays?
A. A beach. B. A forest. C. A playground.
13. Why did the man cancel his traveling plans next month?
A. He has soccer games to play.
B. He has to take care of his son.
C. He has to go on a business trip.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至16三个小题。
14. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. After-school plans. B. A school project C. British history.
15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Family members. C. Classmates.
16. What should the woman pay attention to according to the man?
A. Deadline. B. Quality. C. Topic.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20四个小题。
17. Who is the speaker?
A. A scientist. B. A firefighter C. A news reporter.
18. How many people have died in the fires since September?
A. Nearly 20. B. Nearly 30. C. Nearly 80.
19. Which state has the most dangerous fires now?
A. Victoria. B. South Australia. C. New South Wales.
20. How is the weather expected to be this weekend?
A. It’s bad for fighting fires.
B. It’s perfect for the fires to stop burning.
C. It’s just right for getting away from the fires.
第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Article Contest — Teens Making a Difference!
No matter your age or what your life is, you can always make a difference. Teen Ink knows this, and so does Natalie Silverstein — author of Simple Acts: The Busy Teen’s Guide to Making a Difference! For this contest, we want to know what simple acts you’ve done to make a difference! Please click here for online registration.
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
Rules:
You must be a teen (aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink account to enter.
Submissions (提交) must relate to the topic (Teens Making a Difference).
Articles must be between 250-350 words.
Deadline: December 31 this year
Guidelines and Details:
There’s no size limit to an act of kindness — it doesn’t matter how big or small your act of kindness is, we want to hear about it!
There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit.
How to Submit:
Submit entries through our website. Other forms of submission will not be accepted. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically (自动) considered for the contest.
Must include the words “Article Contest” in your submission’s tags (标签) and title.
Prizes:
Winner and honorable mentions will have their articles published in Teen Ink magazine. Overall winner will receive a copy of Natalie Silverstein’s book, Simple Acts: The Busy Teen’s Guide to Making a Difference and a $25 Amazon gift card.
1. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A guidebook. B. A webpage.
C. A book review. D. A news report.
2 Which of the following will result in disqualification?
A. Mailing your entry. B. Writing a 320-word article.
C. Submitting 2 entries. D. Uploading your entry on November 28.
3. What is the prize for each honorable mention winner?
A. They’ll get a gift card.
B. They’ll be presented with a book.
C. Their articles will appear in a magazine.
D. Their works will be recommended by Natalie Silverstein.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章讲述了参加《青少年与众不同！》文章竞赛的须知、规则、报名截止期限等信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Please click here for online registration.”（请点击处进行网上登记。）可知，文章应是来自一个网页上的内容。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“How to Submit”部分中“Submit entries through our website. Other forms of submission will not be accepted. ”（通过我们的网站提交作品。其他形式的提交将不被接受。）可知，提交作品仅限于在网站提交，其他方式都不被接受。选项A“邮寄你的参赛作品”，与文意不符，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Winner and honorable mentions will have their articles published in Teen Ink magazine. Overall winner will receive a copy of Natalie Silverstein’s book, Simple Acts: The Busy Teen’s Guide to Making a Difference and a $25 Amazon gift card.”（获奖者和荣誉提名者的文章将刊登在《青少年墨水》杂志上。总冠军将获得一本娜塔莉·西尔弗斯坦的书《简单行为: 忙碌青少年的改变指南》和一张25美元的亚马逊礼品卡。）可知，获奖者的作品将登载在《青少年墨水》杂志上。故选C。
B
In the depths of Catoctin Mountain Park, 19-year-old Melita Bell almost broke down. Having been working at Camp Greentop, a summer camp for people with disabilities, for just a week, she didn’t think she could keep going. “I’m gonna quit. This is outside of my comfort zone... I wonder if I’m even making a difference with these campers.” Bell said.
The second week, she changed her mind. She grew to love what she was doing. “It’s more physical and harder, because we have campers who have a lot of personal care needs and things like that, but I just got more joy out of it,” she said.
Bell came back to camp year after year until she began working full-time at the camp. The camp was created in 1937, supporting people with intellectual and physical disabilities, whether they are developmental or acquired. “They’re not for their condition. They’re here to have fun, to socialize, and to find other people to connect with.” Bell said.
Greentop is made up of six sessions (期), each about a week long. Two are for adults (18-plus) only, two are just for ages 7 to 21, and two are for all ages. The adult-only sessions are relatively unstructured, allowing campers to do whichever activity appeals to them. The other sessions are much more structured. Campers cycle between different activities around camp in 45-minute sessions, which kind of gets some campers into trouble. Instructors make sure to “put ability first”. They create ways for every camper to participate in an activity. If a camper can’t use their hands, they can use their mouth to paint during arts and crafts.
“Our instructors get a 10-day-long training before camp starts, where they learn to master necessary skills of taking care of people with disabilities. They take the responsibility of caring for youth or adult participants very seriously and do what they can to maintain an environment that improves safety and wellbeing of all participants, as well as encourages personal growth and independence.” Bell said.
4. Who is Camp Greentop targeted at?
A. The disabled. B. The young. C. Volunteers. D. Parents.
5. What made Bell continue her work in Greentop?
A. The different comfort zone. B. The enjoyment from the job.
C. The difficulty of landing a new job. D. The request from the campers.
6. Why does the author mention “use their mouth” in paragraph 4?
A. To stress every camper has a say in Greentop.
B. To suggest Greentop focuses on all-round development.
C. To prove Greentop has unique means of testing campers’ skills.
D. To show Greentop encourages active involvement of each camper.
7. What can we learn about the instructors in the last paragraph?
A. They’re responsible and reliable. B. They’re talented and considerate.
C. They’re curious and influential. D. They’re competitive and sensitive.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了文章主人公Melita Bell在一个为残疾人开设的夏令营的地方工作以及介绍了该夏令营的主要构成及其导师特征。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Camp Greentop快速定位到文章第一自然段；根据“Having been working at Camp Greentop, a summer camp for people with disabilities,for just a week, she didn’t think she could keep going. (在为残疾人开设的夏令营Greentop工作了一周后，她觉得自己无法坚持下去)”可知，该夏令营的目标对象是残疾人。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Bell在夏令营工作了一段时间后，她认为自己无法坚持，想要退出。根据第二段“The second week, she changed her mind. She grew to love what she was doing. (第二个星期，她改变了主意并且渐渐喜欢上了自己正在做的事情)”可知，是这份工作给她带来的乐趣使得她继续在夏令营工作。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。依据题干关键词可快速定位至第四段，根据“ Instructors make sure to “put ability first”. They create ways for every camper to participate in an activity. If a camper can’t use their hands, they can use their mouth to paint during arts and crafts. (教师要确保“能力第一”。他们为每个露营者创造参与活动的方式。如果露营者不能使用他们的手，他们可以用他们的嘴绘画艺术和手工艺)”可推知，教官们尽可能用不同的方式让每一位露营者能参与到活动中来。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了该夏令营的教官在夏令营开始前要接受为期十天的培训，要掌握照顾残疾人必备的技能，同时他们也注重照顾青少年或成年参与者的责任，尽全力为他们提供一个安全和健康的环境，以及鼓励个人成长和独立。由此推知，他们是对参与者负责且值得依赖的。故选A项。
C
A Florida public school district is defending its decision to add a parental advisory notice to over 100 possibly “unsuitable” books as the new school year begins.
Collier County Public School has added an “advisory, notice to parents” label to physical copies in its library and the district’s online catalog (目录). Each label says, “This Advisory Notice shall serve to inform you that this book has been identified by some community members as unsuitable for students. The decision as to whether this book is suitable shall be the decision of the parents who have the right to oversee their children’s education.”
To ensure that parents control what their children are reading from the media center collection, the school provides parents with directions for entering the online system to view books checked out by their children.
PEN America, a group that tracks book censorship (审查), published a list of all 110 flagged titles. “This alarming development is just the latest in attacks against students’ freedom to read in Florida,” Jonathan Friedman, PEN: America’s director, said in a statement, “Even if reading these books is not technically limited, the labeling of these books risks having a negative influence, making the books hard to sell.”
But Nicole Neily, president of the conservative Parents Defending Education, compared Collier’s advisory notice to rating a movie or video game for mature content. “This is a creative solution to an ongoing issue in society: the library isn’t prohibiting books, but merely providing parents with information so they can make an informed decision,” he said.
Book challenges have intensified in the wake of Florida’s Parental Rights in Education Law. Several states have passed versions of the law, which Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis regarded as a defense of parents’ right to direct their children’s education. He thinks school districts should work with parents and keep the lines of communication open.
8. What’s the purpose of the parental advisory notice?
A. To gather advice from parents.
B. To monitor school daily management.
C. To warn parents of inappropriate content in books.
D. To remind parents to attach importance to children’s reading.
9. What may be a consequence of announcing the labeled books according to Jonathan?
A. Panic among parents. B. Resistance to paper books.
C. A decline in the book sales. D. A fall in students’ reading interest.
10. What does the underlined word “prohibiting” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Giving away. B. Caring about. C. Drawing on. D. Holding back.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. The Growing Book Challenges
B. The Booklist Unsuitable for Students
C. School Works with Parents for Students’ Growth
D. School District Defends Parental Book Advisories
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻。主要介绍佛罗里达州一个公立学区在新学年开始时为其向100多本可能“不合适”的书添加家长咨询通知的决定辩护。该咨询通知将告知家长书中有不适合学生阅读的内容，书是否适合的决定将由家长决定。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““This Advisory Notice shall serve to inform you that this book has been identified by some community members as unsuitable for students. The decision as to whether this book is suitable shall be the decision of the parents who have the right to oversee their children’s education.”（ “本咨询通知将告知您，本书已被一些社区成员认定为不适合学生阅读。本书是否适合的决定将由有权监督其子女教育的家长决定。”）”可知，该家长咨询通知的目的是告知家长书中有不适合学生阅读的内容。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““This alarming development is just the latest in attacks against students’ freedom to read in Florida,” Jonathan Friedman, PEN: America’s director, said in a statement, “Even if reading these books is not technically limited, the labeling of these books risks having a negative influence, making the books hard to sell.”（“这一令人震惊的事态发展只是佛罗里达州针对学生阅读自由的最新攻击，即使阅读这些书在技术上没有限制，这些书的标签也可能产生负面影响，使这些书难以销售。”）”可知，这些书的标签可能导致这些书难以销售。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“…but merely providing parents with information so they can make an informed decision,（只是向家长提供信息，以便他们做出明智的决定）”可知，图书馆并不是禁止这些书，由此可知划线词意为“禁止”。A. Giving away. 赠送；泄露；B. Caring about. 在乎，关心；C. Drawing on. 凭借；利用；D. Holding back. （使）退缩；阻挡；阻止。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A Florida public school district is defending its decision to add a parental advisory notice to over 100 possibly “unsuitable” books as the new school year begins.（佛罗里达州一个公立学区为其在新学年开始时向100多本可能“不合适”的书添加家长咨询通知的决定辩护）”可知，本文主要介绍了佛罗里达州一个公立学区为家长图书咨询辩护。D项“School District Defends Parental Book Advisories（学区为家长图书咨询辩护）”最能概括文章主旨。故选D。
D
Honeybees rely heavily on flower patterns not just colors when searching for food, new research shows.
A team led by the University of Exeter tested bee behaviour and built bee’s-eye-view simulations (模拟装置) to work out how they see flowers.
Honeybees have low resolution vision, so they can only see a flower’s pattern clearly when they are within few centimeters. However, the new’ study shows bees can very effectively distinguish between different flowers by using a combination of colour and pattern.
In a series of tests, bees rarely ignored pattern, suggesting colour alone does not lead them to flowers. This may help to explain why some colours that are visible to bees are rarely produced by flowers in nature.
“We studied a large amount of data on plants and bee behaviour,” said Professor Natalie Hempel, from Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour. “By training and testing bees using man-made patterns of shape and colour, we found they relied flexibly on their ability to see both of these elements. Showing how insects see colour and learn colour patterns is important to understand how pollinators (传粉者) may, or may not, create evolutionary ‘pressures’ on the colours and patterns that flowers have evolved (进化). Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.”
One typical feature identified in the study is that the outside edges of flowers usually contrast strongly with the plant’s leaves while the centre of the flower does not have such a strong contrast with the leaf colour. This could help bees quickly identify colour differences and find their way to flowers.
While flowers may be beautiful to humans, Professor Hempel stressed that understanding more about bees and the threats they face meant we need to see the world “through the eyes of a bee and the mind of a bee.”
12. What does the new research focus on?
A. The source of bees’ food supply. B. The way of bees finding flowers.
C. The effect of bees’ poor eyesight. D. The evolution of bees’ behavior.
13. What does Hempel think of flowers trying to evolve more colours?
A. It’s not a must. B. It’s a pressing need.
C. It’s beyond belief. D. It’s a temporary solution.
14. What’s paragraph 6 mainly about?
A. An explanation of the research intention.
B. Dramatic changes in the research strategy.
C. Conflict between different research outcomes.
D. Supporting evidence for the research findings.
15. What aspect of research into bees did Hempel highlight?
A. Research data. B. Research methods.
C. Research objects. D. Research frequency.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍最新研究发现，蜜蜂在寻找食物时，不单是靠颜色，而且严重依赖花朵的图案来寻找花朵。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“A team led by the University of Exeter tested bee behaviour and built bee’s-eye-view simulations (模拟装置) to work out how they see flowers.(埃克塞特大学领导一个研究小组测试了蜜蜂的行为，并建立了蜜蜂的视角模拟，以研究它们是如何看花的)”可知，新的研究专注蜜蜂看花、找花的方式。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中Hempel的话“Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.(我们的研究结果表明，花朵不需要进化出太多不同的花朵颜色，因为它们可以利用图案来改变它们的展示效果，这样蜜蜂就可以把它们与其他花朵区分开来)”可知，亨佩尔认为花朵并不是必须进化出更多颜色。故选A项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.(我们的研究结果表明，花朵不需要进化出太多不同的花朵颜色，因为它们可以利用图案来改变它们的展示效果，这样蜜蜂就可以把它们与其他花朵区分开来)”可知，研究发现蜜蜂通过图案来找到花朵。第六段“One typical feature identified in the study is that the outside edges of flowers usually contrast strongly with the plant’s leaves while the centre of the flower does not have such a strong contrast with the leaf colour. This could help bees quickly identify colour differences and find their way to flowers.(研究中发现的一个典型特征是，花的外边缘通常与植物的叶子形成强烈的对比，而花的中心与叶子的颜色没有这样强烈的对比。这可以帮助蜜蜂快速识别颜色差异，并找到通往花朵的路)”主要说明了花是如何通过颜色对比来形成图案，以便于蜜蜂识别并找到它们的，所以第六段是支持研究结论的证据。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中Hempel的话“We studied a large amount of data on plants and bee behaviour,(我们研究了大量关于植物和蜜蜂行为的数据)”可知，对于蜜蜂的研究，Hempel强调了研究的数据。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studying in America presents you with unique opportunities to get involved in a community that pushes you to succeed. ____16____ These tips will help you make the most of the four years.
Participation in university programs helps you make new friends and establish a connection with your school. At the beginning of the school year, most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members. ____17____ By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you’ll fit best.
To best prepare for your future, growing your professional network is essential. Joining professional student organizations that correspond with your professional interests is a great place to start. For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings. Remember to be active and interested in your college years. ____18____
Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located. Some organizations like Habitat for Humanity have opportunities throughout the country. Neighborhoods surrounding your university will also have individual needs and service opportunities that will benefit from your help. ____19____ It shows a new side of the place you’ll call home for the next several years.
____20____ But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it. If you have time, consider taking different trips, in which you can explore different cultures and meet new friends. Gradually, you’ll find your vision broadened and life enriched.
A. Being a volunteer can advance your career.
B. College is the perfect time to learn and grow.
C. Living off campus is a great way to save money.
D. The event gives you an idea of each organization.
E. It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation.
F. Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year.
G. Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在美国大学学习的过程中，可以参与社区志愿活动去提升自己，并且对于以后的工作也有帮助。
【16题详解】
根据后文“make the most of the four years(充分利用这四年)”推知，空处内容是有关于大学的生活，B项College is the perfect time to learn and grow.(大学是学习和成长的最佳时机)符合题意，与下文衔接自然。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“At the beginning of the school year, most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members. (在学年开始时，大多数大学都会举办一个组织展览会，在那里校园里的每个俱乐部都会招募新成员)”和后文“By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you’ll fit best.(通过和俱乐部的老会员聊天，你可以决定你最适合哪里)”可知，这些活动提供了与老会员交流的机会，以便了解适合自己的俱乐部。D项The event gives you an idea of each organization.(该活动让您了解每个组织)符合题意，选项中的The event指代上文的an organization fair。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings.(例如，专业协会经常举行会议，并发出有关行业动态的通讯)”可知，这里是指就业方面的问题，E项It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation.(它还可以让你在毕业后找到一份理想的工作)相呼应符合题意，It指代上文的提到的那件事。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located.(参加志愿工作是一种切实可行的方式，可以让你所在大学所在的当地社区有所作为)”和后文“It shows a new side of the place you’ll call home for the next several years.(它展示了这个你未来几年称之为家的地方的另一面)”可知，这里说的是志愿者服务和社区之间相辅相成的关系。G项Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in.(志愿服务有助于你感受到与你生活的社区的联系)符合语境，下文的It指代选项中的Volunteering。故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it.(但是，在休息的时候到美国转转是一个很好的机会，可以看到更多的美国)”中的but可知，空处与此处为转折关系，指出学习时旅行不是那么容易的。F项Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year.(念书时出国旅行可能很困难)符合语境。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Edmond was a school bus driver for 22 years. One morning, the rain pouring down, he and the bus monitor Valentine were called to ____21____ a student who missed the bus. What ____22____ them was that the student didn’t turn up when they reached the specified place.
Edmond and Valentine didn’t expect they had a larger ____23____ to achieve. Just around the corner, they found two children ____24____ in the rushing floodwaters. The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a ____25____ to avoid being swept away.
Edmond and Valentine couldn’t ____26____ to save them, but neither could swim. Jumping into action meant putting their own ____27____ on the line. Since the bus was for special needs children, it was ____28____ with removable seat belts. They got a(n) ____29____. Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to _____30_____ the children.
Close by neighbors additionally got here to _____31_____, and the group made combined efforts to _____32_____ the boy and the girl from the tree. They created a human chain and _____33_____ the tied belts out until Edmond got a firm hold on the children and pulled them to safety.
The two children were _____34_____ of Edmond, giving him a big hug. Surrounding them, everyone present was filled with happiness, though wet all over. This great rescue operation went viral on social media and drew praise for their _____35_____ from all quarters.
21. A. look after B. send for C. pick up D. call on
22. A. discouraged B. bored C. excited D. impressed
23. A. dream B. goal C. success D. mission
24. A. diving B. playing C. stuck D. prepared
25. A. tree B. belt C. seat D. bus
26. A. offer B. wait C. pretend D. long
27. A. lives B. future C. jobs D. family
28. A. covered B. decorated C. filled D. equipped
29. A. suggestion B. idea C. belief D. conclusion
30. A. lock B. search C. reach D. hang
31. A. assist B. cheer C. respond D. watch
32. A. protect B. tell C. free D. tear
33. A. extended B. pushed C. threw D. kicked
34. A. proud B. appreciative C. fond D. tired
35. A. attitude B. description C. action D. fortune
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了校车司机爱德蒙和班长瓦伦丁在大雨倾盆的早上救出被洪水围困的两个孩子的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天早上，大雨倾盆而下，他和班长瓦伦丁接到电话，去接一个错过公交车的学生。A. look after照顾；B. send for召唤，派人去请；C. pick up开车接；D. call on号召。根据上文“Edmond was a school bus driver”和下文“What ____2____ them was that the student didn’t turn up when they reached the specified place.”可知，爱德蒙和班长去接一个错过公交车的学生。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：让他们沮丧的是，他们到达指定地点时学生没有出现。A. discouraged使沮丧；B. bored使厌烦；C. excited使激动；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据上文“the rain pouring down”和下文“the student didn’t turn up when they reached the specified place.”可知，那天早上大雨倾盆，他们专门去接那名学生，但学生却没有出现，这让他们很沮丧。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁没想到他们还有更大的任务要完成。A. dream梦想；B. goal目标；C. success成功；D. mission使命，任务。根据下文可知，爱德蒙和瓦伦丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，这是一个更大的任务。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在拐角处，他们发现两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。A. diving潜水；B. playing玩耍；C. stuck（在……中）卡住，陷住；D. prepared准备。根据下文“The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a ____5____ to avoid being swept away.”可知，两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。此处指。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树，以免被卷走。A. tree树；B. belt腰带；C. seat座位；D. bus公交车。根据下文“the group made combined efforts to ____12____ the boy and the girl from the tree”可知，此处指男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们，但他们都不会游泳。A. offer提供；B. wait等待；C. pretend假装；D. long期待。根据语境和常识可知，当时情况危急，所以爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们。couldn’t wait to do sth. 意为“迫不及待地做某事”。 故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：采取行动意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。A. lives生命；B. future将来；C. jobs工作；D. family家庭。根据上文“but neither could swim”可知，他们都不会游泳，在如此危急的情况下救人肯定意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于这辆巴士是为有特殊需要的儿童而设计的，所以它配备了可拆卸的安全带。A. covered覆盖；B. decorated装饰；C. filled填充；D. equipped安装。根据上文“Since the bus was for special needs children”可知，此处指它配备了可拆卸的安全带。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。A. suggestion建议；B. idea主意；C. belief信念；D. conclusion结论。根据下文“Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to ____10____ the children.”可知，这是他们想到的主意。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lock锁；B. search寻找；C. reach到达，能神到；D. hang悬挂。根据句中“they tied the seat belts together”可知，他们把安全带系在一起是为了够到孩子们。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。A. assist帮助；B. cheer欢呼；C. respond回应；D. watch观看。根据下文“the group made combined efforts”可知，附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. protect保护；B. tell告诉；C. free释放，使解脱；D. tear撕。根据上文“The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a ____5____ to avoid being swept away.”可知，两个孩子之前挣扎着抓住一棵树，他们通过把安全带系在一起把男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来，直到爱德蒙牢牢抓住孩子们，把他们拉到安全的地方。A. extended延申；B. pushed推；C. threw扔；D. kicked踢。根据语境可知，他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来去，把他们拉到安全的地方。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两个孩子很感激爱德蒙，给了他一个大大的拥抱。A. proud自豪的；B. appreciative感激的；C. fond喜爱的；D. tired厌烦的。根据下文“giving him a big hug”以及常识可知，孩子被营救出来，肯定心存感激。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一伟大的救援行动在社交媒体上疯传，并赢得了各方的赞扬。A. attitude态度；B. description描述；C. action行动；D. fortune运气。根据上文可知，爱德蒙和附近的邻居们共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来，所以这是一次救援行动。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world witnessed what was described ____36____ “Chongqing speed” in people’s united action in China’s Chongqing that put out over 10 forest fires in less than 10 days.
On August 17, a historic heat wave caused forest fires ____37____ (break) out in the mountain city. Under the leadership of China’s emergency management authorities, great efforts from firefighters, police and tens of thousands of volunteers ____38____ (pay) off and all open fires were completely put out on August 26.
In the following days, numerous stories, pictures and videos regarding this fire rescue ____39____ (share) on China’s social media. A video that showed a herringbone (人字形) of yellow flame of fire and a line of white light coming from the headlamps on the rescuers in the night view was ____40____ striking that it became ____41____ instant hit.
____42____ put out the fire was a “Great Human Wall” that was formed by the organization and support personnel under the mountain, the transport teams ____43____ (deliver) materials along the way, and the firefighting troops on the mountain top.
Among them, Generation Z, classified as those born in the mid-90s to early 2000s, played a ____44____ (remarkable) important role in the whole rescue work. These young group rushed to the frontline of the fire scene without any hesitation, demonstrating the hope and strength of China’s young generation with their bravery, wisdom and _____45_____ (cooperate).
【答案】36. as 37. to break
38. paid 39. were shared
40. so 41. an
42. What 43. delivering
44. remarkably
45. cooperation
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了重庆山火期间，在中国各方人士的共同努力下，很快取得了成功，在10天之内扑灭了10多场山火，向世界展示了“重庆速度”，也展示了中国年青一代的希望和力量。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国重庆在不到10天的时间里扑灭了10多起森林大火，世界见证了被称为“重庆速度”的人们团结一致的行动。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入介词与后面的名词短语Chongqing speed构成介宾结构。结合句意，be described as“被称为……”符合题意。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：8月17日，史无前例的热浪导致这座山城爆发森林大火。分析句子结构可知，caused“导致”在句中作谓语，空格处的动词为非谓语。此题考查cause+宾语+to do sth的结构，意为“使……做某事，导致……”。故填to break。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：在中国应急管理部门的领导下，消防队员、警察和数万名志愿者的巨大努力得到了回报，所有明火于8月26日被完全扑灭。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，且描述的是这些人过去扑灭山火时的努力得到了回报，故时态为一般过去时。短语pay off意为“取得成功，得到回报”时，为不及物动词短语，故用主动语态。故填paid。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在接下来的几天里，大量关于这场火灾救援的故事、图片和视频在中国的社交媒体上被分享。分析句子结构可知，提示词share“分享”在句中作谓语。结合语境可知，该句讲述的是过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，且“故事，图片和视频”是被分享的，share要用被动语态，句子的主语stories, pictures and videos是复数，所以构成被动语态的be动词用were。故填were shared。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词striking“引人注目的，惊人的”。结合句意及that可知，此处考查so…that句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子结构可知，该句中的hit为名词。结合句意，hit在该句中意为“很受欢迎的人（或事物）”，是可数名词，以单数形式出现时，前要有冠词来限定，该句中是泛指，故用不定冠词，且instant是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词要用an。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查从句的引导词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的“人墙”。分析句子结构可知，空格处用来引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。What引导名词性从句时，翻译比较灵活，可翻译为“……的人/事物”，且可作主语、宾语、表语，符合题意。故填What。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的“人墙”。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作名词teams的定语，且teams“队伍”与deliver“运送”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故填delivering。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：其中，90年代中期到21世纪初期初出生的Z世代在整个救援工作中发挥了非常重要的作用。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词important。提示词remarkable为形容词，意为“引人注目的，非凡的”，其副词变形为remarkably。故填remarkably。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些年轻人毫不犹豫地冲向火灾现场的第一线，用他们的勇敢、智慧和合作展示了中国年轻一代的希望和力量。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入名词与bravery, wisdom“勇敢，智慧”作并列宾语。提示词cooperate为动词，意为“合作”，其名词变形为cooperation，且为不可数名词。故填cooperation。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假设你是李华，你校正在组织以“My Favorite Sports Role Model”为题目的英语作文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1 人物简介；
2. 你喜欢他或她的原因。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favorite Sports Role Model
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
My Favorite Sports Role Model
With the increasing popularity of sports, more and more sportsmen are familiar to us. There are many athletes that I admire. However, Lang Ping is always my role model in sports.
As is known to all, Lang Ping, who is known as the “iron hammer”, was once a volleyball player, and then a volleyball coach. She won numerous honors during her career. What impresses me most is the Chinese women's volleyball team spirit she created, which inspires me all the time. So I will always follow Lang Ping's example.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生以“My Favorite Sports Role Model”为题，写一篇短文参加学校组织的英语作文比赛。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
渐增的：increasing → growing
运动员：sportsman → athlete/player
仰慕：admire → respect/look up to
许多的：numerous → many/multiple/plentiful
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：With the increasing popularity of sports, more and more sportsmen are familiar to us.
同义句：As sports are gaining increasing popularity, more and more sportsmen are familiar to us.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As is known to all, Lang Ping, who is known as the “iron hammer”, was once a volleyball player, and then a volleyball coach.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，以及who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】What impresses me most is the Chinese women's volleyball team spirit she created, which inspires me all the time.（运用了what引导的主语从句，省略作宾语的关系词的定语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句。）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Riya, an 8-year-old pupil, lived happily in a big city with her parents, who loved Riya dearly and did what they could to buy what she wanted for her. Riya was smart and excellent in her studies. Not only that, she was always ready to help others.
One day when Riya entered her classroom, she saw a crowd admiring Riya’s friend Mary’s new pen and talking cheerfully. Riya fell in love with that pen at first glance and desired to get Mary’s permission to let her use it. Seconds later, the school bell rang, sending the children hurrying to the school grounds for morning prayers.
After a while, their teacher Grace let Riya fetch some chalk from the classroom, in which Riya once again saw Mary’s delicate pen, lying on the desk elegantly. Riya took it fondly and went to her desk, ready to write on her book with the lovely pen when she heard the sound of someone walking by. Without thinking, she put the pen in her pocket and saw who it was. Jane, her other friend, was returning to the classroom. Riya immediately ran out from the back door noiselessly and went to the playground to pray
The morning prayers finished, everyone went to class, followed by their teacher Grace. The moment Mary found her pen was missing, she got annoyed. Without delay, she ran to the front and complained to Grace, saying in tears, “Someone must have stolen my new pen.”
Having quietened the noisy class, Grace asked them who was in the classroom during the prayers. Almost everyone pointed at Jane, who explained she just felt uncomfortable when praying and came back to rest. Grace asked Jane if she had taken Mary’s new pen, to which Jane said no firmly, insisting she knew nothing about that pen. But she had nobody to prove her words. Suspected and feeling sad, Jane burst out crying.
Everything happened fast and unexpectedly before Riya suddenly realized the pen was still in her pocket. She froze on the spot, afraid of being treated as a thief.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But Riya knew what was the right thing to do
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grace nodded and patted Riya on the back with a relieved smile.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But Riya knew what was the right thing to do. Nervous and anxious as she was, Riya took courage to walk toward Jane, standing in front of her and saying in an apologetic voice, “Sorry, Jane, it was I that made you misunderstood by others.” Then, Riya turned around to tell Grace what was the truth and claimed that the misunderstanding was caused by her inconsideration. She apologized to Mary with head bowed and tears running down her cheeks, asking sincerely, “I am really sorry for using the new pen without your permission. But I did not do it on purpose.Could you please forgive me?” After her words, the air in the classroom seemed to be still like dead water.
Grace nodded and patted Riya on the back with a relieved smile. She cleared her throat, uttering, “Riya, I am so touched by your honesty and courage. You are a good girl.” She also expressed her apology to Jane and comforted her. She told the whole class that making a mistake was not terrible and that the courage to admit it truly counted. Apparently, Riya set a good example for everyone else. Since it was a misunderstanding, Mary grinned understandingly at Riya and replied, “I forgive you and I’d like to share this new pen with you.” Hearing her words, Riya couldn’t help hugging Mary. It was at that time that Riya came to realize what mattered most was not the mistake made by her but honesty and courage to take the blame for it.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Riya因为很欣赏朋友Mary的钢笔，而想拿Mary的钢笔写下她的名字，结果突然Jane走进教室，慌乱之下的Riya赶紧把笔放进口袋里。于是一场误会就此产生，Jane被当作小偷。当然，Riya最终勇敢地解决了这场误会。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但Riya知道什么是正确的做法。”可知，第一段可描述Riya勇敢地承认是她拿了Mary的新钢笔，并向Mary她们解释事情的经过及寻求原谅。
②由第二段首句内容“Grace点点头，拍了拍Riya的背，欣慰地笑了。”可知，第二段可描述Grace赞赏Riya的诚实和勇敢，并告诉大家诚实面对错误的勇气以及误会消除了。
2.续写线索：坦白——承认拿笔——道歉——希望获得原谅——Grace赞赏——教导大家——和解——误会消除——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①向前走：walk toward/step toward/head toward
②道歉：apologize/make an apology
③拥抱：hug her/give her a hug
情绪类
①紧张的：nervous/tense
②感动的：touched/moved
【点睛】[高分句型1] Then, Riya turned around to tell Grace what was the truth and claimed that the misunderstanding was caused by her inconsideration.（由what引导宾语从句和that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] She told the whole class that making a mistake was not terrible and that the courage to admit it truly counted.（由that引导的宾语从句）
2022—2023学年度第一学期期中学业水平诊断
高二英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When did the man see his parents?
A. Days ago. B. Weeks ago. C. Months ago.
2. How does the woman prefer to study English?
A. By writing articles. B. By reading articles. C. By talking with friends.
3. What does the man wish?
A. He had a dog. B. He met other pet owners. C. He could bring his pet to a park.
4 What does the man dislike about chocolate?
A. It’s too sweet. B. It hurts his stomach. C. It’s bad for his teeth.
5. What does the man suggest the woman start doing?
A. Watching TV shows. B. Making Internet videos. C. Following radio programs.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前。你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What brand of car is the most popular in the world according to the woman?
A. Maserati. B. Ford F-Series. C. Toyota Corolla
7. Which county are the man’s favorite cars from?
A. Italy. B. China. C. The US.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10三个小题。
8. Why does the man want to take better photos?
A. To have fun. B. To get more customers. C. To share with his friends.
9. Where does the woman work?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a coffee shop. C. In a clothing shop.
10. How can the woman be described?:
A. Helpful. B. Impatient. C. Curious.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13三个小题。
11. Where are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In an office. C. On a mountain.
12. What is the woman’s favorite place to go for holidays?
A. A beach. B. A forest. C. A playground.
13. Why did the man cancel his traveling plans next month?
A. He has soccer games to play.
B. He has to take care of his son.
C. He has to go on a business trip.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至16三个小题。
14. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. After-school plans. B. A school project C. British history.
15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Family members. C. Classmates.
16. What should the woman pay attention to according to the man?
A. Deadline. B. Quality. C. Topic.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20四个小题。
17. Who is the speaker?
A. A scientist. B. A firefighter C. A news reporter.
18. How many people have died in the fires since September?
A. Nearly 20. B. Nearly 30. C. Nearly 80.
19. Which state has the most dangerous fires now?
A. Victoria. B. South Australia. C. New South Wales.
20. How is the weather expected to be this weekend?
A. It’s bad for fighting fires.
B. It’s perfect for the fires to stop burning.
C. It’s just right for getting away from the fires.
第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Article Contest — Teens Making a Difference!
No matter your age or what your life is, you can always make a difference. Teen Ink knows this, and so does Natalie Silverstein — author of Simple Acts: The Busy Teen’s Guide to Making a Difference! For this contest, we want to know what simple acts you’ve done to make a difference! Please click here for online registration.
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
Rules:
You must be a teen (aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink account to enter.
Submissions (提交) must relate to the topic (Teens Making a Difference).
Articles must be between 250-350 words.
Deadline: December 31 this year
Guidelines and Details:
There’s no size limit to an act of kindness — it doesn’t matter how big or small your act of kindness is, we want to hear about it!
There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit.
How to Submit:
Submit entries through our website. Other forms of submission will not be accepted. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically (自动) considered for the contest.
Must include the words “Article Contest” in your submission’s tags (标签) and title.
Prizes:
Winner and honorable mentions will have their articles published in Teen Ink magazine. Overall winner will receive a copy of Natalie Silverstein’s book, Simple Acts: The Busy Teen’s Guide to Making a Difference and a $25 Amazon gift card.
1. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A guidebook. B. A webpage.
C. A book review. D. A news report.
2 Which of the following will result in disqualification?
A. Mailing your entry. B. Writing a 320-word article.
C. Submitting 2 entries. D. Uploading your entry on November 28.
3. What is the prize for each honorable mention winner?
A. They’ll get a gift card.
B. They’ll be presented with a book.
C. Their articles will appear in a magazine.
D. Their works will be recommended by Natalie Silverstein.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章讲述了参加《青少年与众不同！》文章竞赛的须知、规则、报名截止期限等信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Please click here for online registration.”（请点击处进行网上登记。）可知，文章应是来自一个网页上的内容。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“How to Submit”部分中“Submit entries through our website. Other forms of submission will not be accepted. ”（通过我们的网站提交作品。其他形式的提交将不被接受。）可知，提交作品仅限于在网站提交，其他方式都不被接受。选项A“邮寄你的参赛作品”，与文意不符，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Winner and honorable mentions will have their articles published in Teen Ink magazine. Overall winner will receive a copy of Natalie Silverstein’s book, Simple Acts: The Busy Teen’s Guide to Making a Difference and a $25 Amazon gift card.”（获奖者和荣誉提名者的文章将刊登在《青少年墨水》杂志上。总冠军将获得一本娜塔莉·西尔弗斯坦的书《简单行为: 忙碌青少年的改变指南》和一张25美元的亚马逊礼品卡。）可知，获奖者的作品将登载在《青少年墨水》杂志上。故选C。
B
In the depths of Catoctin Mountain Park, 19-year-old Melita Bell almost broke down. Having been working at Camp Greentop, a summer camp for people with disabilities, for just a week, she didn’t think she could keep going. “I’m gonna quit. This is outside of my comfort zone... I wonder if I’m even making a difference with these campers.” Bell said.
The second week, she changed her mind. She grew to love what she was doing. “It’s more physical and harder, because we have campers who have a lot of personal care needs and things like that, but I just got more joy out of it,” she said.
Bell came back to camp year after year until she began working full-time at the camp. The camp was created in 1937, supporting people with intellectual and physical disabilities, whether they are developmental or acquired. “They’re not for their condition. They’re here to have fun, to socialize, and to find other people to connect with.” Bell said.
Greentop is made up of six sessions (期), each about a week long. Two are for adults (18-plus) only, two are just for ages 7 to 21, and two are for all ages. The adult-only sessions are relatively unstructured, allowing campers to do whichever activity appeals to them. The other sessions are much more structured. Campers cycle between different activities around camp in 45-minute sessions, which kind of gets some campers into trouble. Instructors make sure to “put ability first”. They create ways for every camper to participate in an activity. If a camper can’t use their hands, they can use their mouth to paint during arts and crafts.
“Our instructors get a 10-day-long training before camp starts, where they learn to master necessary skills of taking care of people with disabilities. They take the responsibility of caring for youth or adult participants very seriously and do what they can to maintain an environment that improves safety and wellbeing of all participants, as well as encourages personal growth and independence.” Bell said.
4. Who is Camp Greentop targeted at?
A. The disabled. B. The young. C. Volunteers. D. Parents.
5. What made Bell continue her work in Greentop?
A. The different comfort zone. B. The enjoyment from the job.
C. The difficulty of landing a new job. D. The request from the campers.
6. Why does the author mention “use their mouth” in paragraph 4?
A. To stress every camper has a say in Greentop.
B. To suggest Greentop focuses on all-round development.
C. To prove Greentop has unique means of testing campers’ skills.
D. To show Greentop encourages active involvement of each camper.
7. What can we learn about the instructors in the last paragraph?
A. They’re responsible and reliable. B. They’re talented and considerate.
C. They’re curious and influential. D. They’re competitive and sensitive.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了文章主人公Melita Bell在一个为残疾人开设的夏令营的地方工作以及介绍了该夏令营的主要构成及其导师特征。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Camp Greentop快速定位到文章第一自然段；根据“Having been working at Camp Greentop, a summer camp for people with disabilities,for just a week, she didn’t think she could keep going. (在为残疾人开设的夏令营Greentop工作了一周后，她觉得自己无法坚持下去)”可知，该夏令营的目标对象是残疾人。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Bell在夏令营工作了一段时间后，她认为自己无法坚持，想要退出。根据第二段“The second week, she changed her mind. She grew to love what she was doing. (第二个星期，她改变了主意并且渐渐喜欢上了自己正在做的事情)”可知，是这份工作给她带来的乐趣使得她继续在夏令营工作。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。依据题干关键词可快速定位至第四段，根据“ Instructors make sure to “put ability first”. They create ways for every camper to participate in an activity. If a camper can’t use their hands, they can use their mouth to paint during arts and crafts. (教师要确保“能力第一”。他们为每个露营者创造参与活动的方式。如果露营者不能使用他们的手，他们可以用他们的嘴绘画艺术和手工艺)”可推知，教官们尽可能用不同的方式让每一位露营者能参与到活动中来。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了该夏令营的教官在夏令营开始前要接受为期十天的培训，要掌握照顾残疾人必备的技能，同时他们也注重照顾青少年或成年参与者的责任，尽全力为他们提供一个安全和健康的环境，以及鼓励个人成长和独立。由此推知，他们是对参与者负责且值得依赖的。故选A项。
C
A Florida public school district is defending its decision to add a parental advisory notice to over 100 possibly “unsuitable” books as the new school year begins.
Collier County Public School has added an “advisory, notice to parents” label to physical copies in its library and the district’s online catalog (目录). Each label says, “This Advisory Notice shall serve to inform you that this book has been identified by some community members as unsuitable for students. The decision as to whether this book is suitable shall be the decision of the parents who have the right to oversee their children’s education.”
To ensure that parents control what their children are reading from the media center collection, the school provides parents with directions for entering the online system to view books checked out by their children.
PEN America, a group that tracks book censorship (审查), published a list of all 110 flagged titles. “This alarming development is just the latest in attacks against students’ freedom to read in Florida,” Jonathan Friedman, PEN: America’s director, said in a statement, “Even if reading these books is not technically limited, the labeling of these books risks having a negative influence, making the books hard to sell.”
But Nicole Neily, president of the conservative Parents Defending Education, compared Collier’s advisory notice to rating a movie or video game for mature content. “This is a creative solution to an ongoing issue in society: the library isn’t prohibiting books, but merely providing parents with information so they can make an informed decision,” he said.
Book challenges have intensified in the wake of Florida’s Parental Rights in Education Law. Several states have passed versions of the law, which Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis regarded as a defense of parents’ right to direct their children’s education. He thinks school districts should work with parents and keep the lines of communication open.
8. What’s the purpose of the parental advisory notice?
A. To gather advice from parents.
B. To monitor school daily management.
C. To warn parents of inappropriate content in books.
D. To remind parents to attach importance to children’s reading.
9. What may be a consequence of announcing the labeled books according to Jonathan?
A. Panic among parents. B. Resistance to paper books.
C. A decline in the book sales. D. A fall in students’ reading interest.
10. What does the underlined word “prohibiting” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Giving away. B. Caring about. C. Drawing on. D. Holding back.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. The Growing Book Challenges
B. The Booklist Unsuitable for Students
C. School Works with Parents for Students’ Growth
D. School District Defends Parental Book Advisories
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻。主要介绍佛罗里达州一个公立学区在新学年开始时为其向100多本可能“不合适”的书添加家长咨询通知的决定辩护。该咨询通知将告知家长书中有不适合学生阅读的内容，书是否适合的决定将由家长决定。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““This Advisory Notice shall serve to inform you that this book has been identified by some community members as unsuitable for students. The decision as to whether this book is suitable shall be the decision of the parents who have the right to oversee their children’s education.”（ “本咨询通知将告知您，本书已被一些社区成员认定为不适合学生阅读。本书是否适合的决定将由有权监督其子女教育的家长决定。”）”可知，该家长咨询通知的目的是告知家长书中有不适合学生阅读的内容。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““This alarming development is just the latest in attacks against students’ freedom to read in Florida,” Jonathan Friedman, PEN: America’s director, said in a statement, “Even if reading these books is not technically limited, the labeling of these books risks having a negative influence, making the books hard to sell.”（“这一令人震惊的事态发展只是佛罗里达州针对学生阅读自由的最新攻击，即使阅读这些书在技术上没有限制，这些书的标签也可能产生负面影响，使这些书难以销售。”）”可知，这些书的标签可能导致这些书难以销售。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“…but merely providing parents with information so they can make an informed decision,（只是向家长提供信息，以便他们做出明智的决定）”可知，图书馆并不是禁止这些书，由此可知划线词意为“禁止”。A. Giving away. 赠送；泄露；B. Caring about. 在乎，关心；C. Drawing on. 凭借；利用；D. Holding back. （使）退缩；阻挡；阻止。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A Florida public school district is defending its decision to add a parental advisory notice to over 100 possibly “unsuitable” books as the new school year begins.（佛罗里达州一个公立学区为其在新学年开始时向100多本可能“不合适”的书添加家长咨询通知的决定辩护）”可知，本文主要介绍了佛罗里达州一个公立学区为家长图书咨询辩护。D项“School District Defends Parental Book Advisories（学区为家长图书咨询辩护）”最能概括文章主旨。故选D。
D
Honeybees rely heavily on flower patterns not just colors when searching for food, new research shows.
A team led by the University of Exeter tested bee behaviour and built bee’s-eye-view simulations (模拟装置) to work out how they see flowers.
Honeybees have low resolution vision, so they can only see a flower’s pattern clearly when they are within few centimeters. However, the new’ study shows bees can very effectively distinguish between different flowers by using a combination of colour and pattern.
In a series of tests, bees rarely ignored pattern, suggesting colour alone does not lead them to flowers. This may help to explain why some colours that are visible to bees are rarely produced by flowers in nature.
“We studied a large amount of data on plants and bee behaviour,” said Professor Natalie Hempel, from Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour. “By training and testing bees using man-made patterns of shape and colour, we found they relied flexibly on their ability to see both of these elements. Showing how insects see colour and learn colour patterns is important to understand how pollinators (传粉者) may, or may not, create evolutionary ‘pressures’ on the colours and patterns that flowers have evolved (进化). Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.”
One typical feature identified in the study is that the outside edges of flowers usually contrast strongly with the plant’s leaves while the centre of the flower does not have such a strong contrast with the leaf colour. This could help bees quickly identify colour differences and find their way to flowers.
While flowers may be beautiful to humans, Professor Hempel stressed that understanding more about bees and the threats they face meant we need to see the world “through the eyes of a bee and the mind of a bee.”
12. What does the new research focus on?
A. The source of bees’ food supply. B. The way of bees finding flowers.
C. The effect of bees’ poor eyesight. D. The evolution of bees’ behavior.
13. What does Hempel think of flowers trying to evolve more colours?
A. It’s not a must. B. It’s a pressing need.
C. It’s beyond belief. D. It’s a temporary solution.
14. What’s paragraph 6 mainly about?
A. An explanation of the research intention.
B. Dramatic changes in the research strategy.
C. Conflict between different research outcomes.
D. Supporting evidence for the research findings.
15. What aspect of research into bees did Hempel highlight?
A. Research data. B. Research methods.
C. Research objects. D. Research frequency.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍最新研究发现，蜜蜂在寻找食物时，不单是靠颜色，而且严重依赖花朵的图案来寻找花朵。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“A team led by the University of Exeter tested bee behaviour and built bee’s-eye-view simulations (模拟装置) to work out how they see flowers.(埃克塞特大学领导一个研究小组测试了蜜蜂的行为，并建立了蜜蜂的视角模拟，以研究它们是如何看花的)”可知，新的研究专注蜜蜂看花、找花的方式。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中Hempel的话“Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.(我们的研究结果表明，花朵不需要进化出太多不同的花朵颜色，因为它们可以利用图案来改变它们的展示效果，这样蜜蜂就可以把它们与其他花朵区分开来)”可知，亨佩尔认为花朵并不是必须进化出更多颜色。故选A项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.(我们的研究结果表明，花朵不需要进化出太多不同的花朵颜色，因为它们可以利用图案来改变它们的展示效果，这样蜜蜂就可以把它们与其他花朵区分开来)”可知，研究发现蜜蜂通过图案来找到花朵。第六段“One typical feature identified in the study is that the outside edges of flowers usually contrast strongly with the plant’s leaves while the centre of the flower does not have such a strong contrast with the leaf colour. This could help bees quickly identify colour differences and find their way to flowers.(研究中发现的一个典型特征是，花的外边缘通常与植物的叶子形成强烈的对比，而花的中心与叶子的颜色没有这样强烈的对比。这可以帮助蜜蜂快速识别颜色差异，并找到通往花朵的路)”主要说明了花是如何通过颜色对比来形成图案，以便于蜜蜂识别并找到它们的，所以第六段是支持研究结论的证据。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中Hempel的话“We studied a large amount of data on plants and bee behaviour,(我们研究了大量关于植物和蜜蜂行为的数据)”可知，对于蜜蜂的研究，Hempel强调了研究的数据。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studying in America presents you with unique opportunities to get involved in a community that pushes you to succeed. ____16____ These tips will help you make the most of the four years.
Participation in university programs helps you make new friends and establish a connection with your school. At the beginning of the school year, most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members. ____17____ By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you’ll fit best.
To best prepare for your future, growing your professional network is essential. Joining professional student organizations that correspond with your professional interests is a great place to start. For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings. Remember to be active and interested in your college years. ____18____
Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located. Some organizations like Habitat for Humanity have opportunities throughout the country. Neighborhoods surrounding your university will also have individual needs and service opportunities that will benefit from your help. ____19____ It shows a new side of the place you’ll call home for the next several years.
____20____ But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it. If you have time, consider taking different trips, in which you can explore different cultures and meet new friends. Gradually, you’ll find your vision broadened and life enriched.
A. Being a volunteer can advance your career.
B. College is the perfect time to learn and grow.
C. Living off campus is a great way to save money.
D. The event gives you an idea of each organization.
E. It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation.
F. Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year.
G. Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在美国大学学习的过程中，可以参与社区志愿活动去提升自己，并且对于以后的工作也有帮助。
【16题详解】
根据后文“make the most of the four years(充分利用这四年)”推知，空处内容是有关于大学的生活，B项College is the perfect time to learn and grow.(大学是学习和成长的最佳时机)符合题意，与下文衔接自然。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“At the beginning of the school year, most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members. (在学年开始时，大多数大学都会举办一个组织展览会，在那里校园里的每个俱乐部都会招募新成员)”和后文“By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you’ll fit best.(通过和俱乐部的老会员聊天，你可以决定你最适合哪里)”可知，这些活动提供了与老会员交流的机会，以便了解适合自己的俱乐部。D项The event gives you an idea of each organization.(该活动让您了解每个组织)符合题意，选项中的The event指代上文的an organization fair。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings.(例如，专业协会经常举行会议，并发出有关行业动态的通讯)”可知，这里是指就业方面的问题，E项It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation.(它还可以让你在毕业后找到一份理想的工作)相呼应符合题意，It指代上文的提到的那件事。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located.(参加志愿工作是一种切实可行的方式，可以让你所在大学所在的当地社区有所作为)”和后文“It shows a new side of the place you’ll call home for the next several years.(它展示了这个你未来几年称之为家的地方的另一面)”可知，这里说的是志愿者服务和社区之间相辅相成的关系。G项Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in.(志愿服务有助于你感受到与你生活的社区的联系)符合语境，下文的It指代选项中的Volunteering。故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it.(但是，在休息的时候到美国转转是一个很好的机会，可以看到更多的美国)”中的but可知，空处与此处为转折关系，指出学习时旅行不是那么容易的。F项Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year.(念书时出国旅行可能很困难)符合语境。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Edmond was a school bus driver for 22 years. One morning, the rain pouring down, he and the bus monitor Valentine were called to ____21____ a student who missed the bus. What ____22____ them was that the student didn’t turn up when they reached the specified place.
Edmond and Valentine didn’t expect they had a larger ____23____ to achieve. Just around the corner, they found two children ____24____ in the rushing floodwaters. The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a ____25____ to avoid being swept away.
Edmond and Valentine couldn’t ____26____ to save them, but neither could swim. Jumping into action meant putting their own ____27____ on the line. Since the bus was for special needs children, it was ____28____ with removable seat belts. They got a(n) ____29____. Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to _____30_____ the children.
Close by neighbors additionally got here to _____31_____, and the group made combined efforts to _____32_____ the boy and the girl from the tree. They created a human chain and _____33_____ the tied belts out until Edmond got a firm hold on the children and pulled them to safety.
The two children were _____34_____ of Edmond, giving him a big hug. Surrounding them, everyone present was filled with happiness, though wet all over. This great rescue operation went viral on social media and drew praise for their _____35_____ from all quarters.
21. A. look after B. send for C. pick up D. call on
22. A. discouraged B. bored C. excited D. impressed
23. A. dream B. goal C. success D. mission
24. A. diving B. playing C. stuck D. prepared
25. A. tree B. belt C. seat D. bus
26. A. offer B. wait C. pretend D. long
27. A. lives B. future C. jobs D. family
28. A. covered B. decorated C. filled D. equipped
29. A. suggestion B. idea C. belief D. conclusion
30. A. lock B. search C. reach D. hang
31. A. assist B. cheer C. respond D. watch
32. A. protect B. tell C. free D. tear
33. A. extended B. pushed C. threw D. kicked
34. A. proud B. appreciative C. fond D. tired
35. A. attitude B. description C. action D. fortune
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了校车司机爱德蒙和班长瓦伦丁在大雨倾盆的早上救出被洪水围困的两个孩子的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天早上，大雨倾盆而下，他和班长瓦伦丁接到电话，去接一个错过公交车的学生。A. look after照顾；B. send for召唤，派人去请；C. pick up开车接；D. call on号召。根据上文“Edmond was a school bus driver”和下文“What ____2____ them was that the student didn’t turn up when they reached the specified place.”可知，爱德蒙和班长去接一个错过公交车的学生。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：让他们沮丧的是，他们到达指定地点时学生没有出现。A. discouraged使沮丧；B. bored使厌烦；C. excited使激动；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据上文“the rain pouring down”和下文“the student didn’t turn up when they reached the specified place.”可知，那天早上大雨倾盆，他们专门去接那名学生，但学生却没有出现，这让他们很沮丧。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁没想到他们还有更大的任务要完成。A. dream梦想；B. goal目标；C. success成功；D. mission使命，任务。根据下文可知，爱德蒙和瓦伦丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，这是一个更大的任务。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在拐角处，他们发现两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。A. diving潜水；B. playing玩耍；C. stuck（在……中）卡住，陷住；D. prepared准备。根据下文“The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a ____5____ to avoid being swept away.”可知，两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。此处指。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树，以免被卷走。A. tree树；B. belt腰带；C. seat座位；D. bus公交车。根据下文“the group made combined efforts to ____12____ the boy and the girl from the tree”可知，此处指男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们，但他们都不会游泳。A. offer提供；B. wait等待；C. pretend假装；D. long期待。根据语境和常识可知，当时情况危急，所以爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们。couldn’t wait to do sth. 意为“迫不及待地做某事”。 故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：采取行动意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。A. lives生命；B. future将来；C. jobs工作；D. family家庭。根据上文“but neither could swim”可知，他们都不会游泳，在如此危急的情况下救人肯定意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于这辆巴士是为有特殊需要的儿童而设计的，所以它配备了可拆卸的安全带。A. covered覆盖；B. decorated装饰；C. filled填充；D. equipped安装。根据上文“Since the bus was for special needs children”可知，此处指它配备了可拆卸的安全带。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。A. suggestion建议；B. idea主意；C. belief信念；D. conclusion结论。根据下文“Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to ____10____ the children.”可知，这是他们想到的主意。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lock锁；B. search寻找；C. reach到达，能神到；D. hang悬挂。根据句中“they tied the seat belts together”可知，他们把安全带系在一起是为了够到孩子们。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。A. assist帮助；B. cheer欢呼；C. respond回应；D. watch观看。根据下文“the group made combined efforts”可知，附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. protect保护；B. tell告诉；C. free释放，使解脱；D. tear撕。根据上文“The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a ____5____ to avoid being swept away.”可知，两个孩子之前挣扎着抓住一棵树，他们通过把安全带系在一起把男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来，直到爱德蒙牢牢抓住孩子们，把他们拉到安全的地方。A. extended延申；B. pushed推；C. threw扔；D. kicked踢。根据语境可知，他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来去，把他们拉到安全的地方。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两个孩子很感激爱德蒙，给了他一个大大的拥抱。A. proud自豪的；B. appreciative感激的；C. fond喜爱的；D. tired厌烦的。根据下文“giving him a big hug”以及常识可知，孩子被营救出来，肯定心存感激。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一伟大的救援行动在社交媒体上疯传，并赢得了各方的赞扬。A. attitude态度；B. description描述；C. action行动；D. fortune运气。根据上文可知，爱德蒙和附近的邻居们共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来，所以这是一次救援行动。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world witnessed what was described ____36____ “Chongqing speed” in people’s united action in China’s Chongqing that put out over 10 forest fires in less than 10 days.
On August 17, a historic heat wave caused forest fires ____37____ (break) out in the mountain city. Under the leadership of China’s emergency management authorities, great efforts from firefighters, police and tens of thousands of volunteers ____38____ (pay) off and all open fires were completely put out on August 26.
In the following days, numerous stories, pictures and videos regarding this fire rescue ____39____ (share) on China’s social media. A video that showed a herringbone (人字形) of yellow flame of fire and a line of white light coming from the headlamps on the rescuers in the night view was ____40____ striking that it became ____41____ instant hit.
____42____ put out the fire was a “Great Human Wall” that was formed by the organization and support personnel under the mountain, the transport teams ____43____ (deliver) materials along the way, and the firefighting troops on the mountain top.
Among them, Generation Z, classified as those born in the mid-90s to early 2000s, played a ____44____ (remarkable) important role in the whole rescue work. These young group rushed to the frontline of the fire scene without any hesitation, demonstrating the hope and strength of China’s young generation with their bravery, wisdom and _____45_____ (cooperate).
【答案】36. as 37. to break
38. paid 39. were shared
40. so 41. an
42. What 43. delivering
44. remarkably
45. cooperation
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了重庆山火期间，在中国各方人士的共同努力下，很快取得了成功，在10天之内扑灭了10多场山火，向世界展示了“重庆速度”，也展示了中国年青一代的希望和力量。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国重庆在不到10天的时间里扑灭了10多起森林大火，世界见证了被称为“重庆速度”的人们团结一致的行动。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入介词与后面的名词短语Chongqing speed构成介宾结构。结合句意，be described as“被称为……”符合题意。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：8月17日，史无前例的热浪导致这座山城爆发森林大火。分析句子结构可知，caused“导致”在句中作谓语，空格处的动词为非谓语。此题考查cause+宾语+to do sth的结构，意为“使……做某事，导致……”。故填to break。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：在中国应急管理部门的领导下，消防队员、警察和数万名志愿者的巨大努力得到了回报，所有明火于8月26日被完全扑灭。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，且描述的是这些人过去扑灭山火时的努力得到了回报，故时态为一般过去时。短语pay off意为“取得成功，得到回报”时，为不及物动词短语，故用主动语态。故填paid。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在接下来的几天里，大量关于这场火灾救援的故事、图片和视频在中国的社交媒体上被分享。分析句子结构可知，提示词share“分享”在句中作谓语。结合语境可知，该句讲述的是过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，且“故事，图片和视频”是被分享的，share要用被动语态，句子的主语stories, pictures and videos是复数，所以构成被动语态的be动词用were。故填were shared。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词striking“引人注目的，惊人的”。结合句意及that可知，此处考查so…that句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子结构可知，该句中的hit为名词。结合句意，hit在该句中意为“很受欢迎的人（或事物）”，是可数名词，以单数形式出现时，前要有冠词来限定，该句中是泛指，故用不定冠词，且instant是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词要用an。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查从句的引导词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的“人墙”。分析句子结构可知，空格处用来引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。What引导名词性从句时，翻译比较灵活，可翻译为“……的人/事物”，且可作主语、宾语、表语，符合题意。故填What。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的“人墙”。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作名词teams的定语，且teams“队伍”与deliver“运送”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故填delivering。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：其中，90年代中期到21世纪初期初出生的Z世代在整个救援工作中发挥了非常重要的作用。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词important。提示词remarkable为形容词，意为“引人注目的，非凡的”，其副词变形为remarkably。故填remarkably。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些年轻人毫不犹豫地冲向火灾现场的第一线，用他们的勇敢、智慧和合作展示了中国年轻一代的希望和力量。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入名词与bravery, wisdom“勇敢，智慧”作并列宾语。提示词cooperate为动词，意为“合作”，其名词变形为cooperation，且为不可数名词。故填cooperation。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假设你是李华，你校正在组织以“My Favorite Sports Role Model”为题目的英语作文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1 人物简介；
2. 你喜欢他或她的原因。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favorite Sports Role Model
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
My Favorite Sports Role Model
With the increasing popularity of sports, more and more sportsmen are familiar to us. There are many athletes that I admire. However, Lang Ping is always my role model in sports.
As is known to all, Lang Ping, who is known as the “iron hammer”, was once a volleyball player, and then a volleyball coach. She won numerous honors during her career. What impresses me most is the Chinese women's volleyball team spirit she created, which inspires me all the time. So I will always follow Lang Ping's example.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生以“My Favorite Sports Role Model”为题，写一篇短文参加学校组织的英语作文比赛。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
渐增的：increasing → growing
运动员：sportsman → athlete/player
仰慕：admire → respect/look up to
许多的：numerous → many/multiple/plentiful
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：With the increasing popularity of sports, more and more sportsmen are familiar to us.
同义句：As sports are gaining increasing popularity, more and more sportsmen are familiar to us.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As is known to all, Lang Ping, who is known as the “iron hammer”, was once a volleyball player, and then a volleyball coach.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，以及who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】What impresses me most is the Chinese women's volleyball team spirit she created, which inspires me all the time.（运用了what引导的主语从句，省略作宾语的关系词的定语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句。）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Riya, an 8-year-old pupil, lived happily in a big city with her parents, who loved Riya dearly and did what they could to buy what she wanted for her. Riya was smart and excellent in her studies. Not only that, she was always ready to help others.
One day when Riya entered her classroom, she saw a crowd admiring Riya’s friend Mary’s new pen and talking cheerfully. Riya fell in love with that pen at first glance and desired to get Mary’s permission to let her use it. Seconds later, the school bell rang, sending the children hurrying to the school grounds for morning prayers.
After a while, their teacher Grace let Riya fetch some chalk from the classroom, in which Riya once again saw Mary’s delicate pen, lying on the desk elegantly. Riya took it fondly and went to her desk, ready to write on her book with the lovely pen when she heard the sound of someone walking by. Without thinking, she put the pen in her pocket and saw who it was. Jane, her other friend, was returning to the classroom. Riya immediately ran out from the back door noiselessly and went to the playground to pray
The morning prayers finished, everyone went to class, followed by their teacher Grace. The moment Mary found her pen was missing, she got annoyed. Without delay, she ran to the front and complained to Grace, saying in tears, “Someone must have stolen my new pen.”
Having quietened the noisy class, Grace asked them who was in the classroom during the prayers. Almost everyone pointed at Jane, who explained she just felt uncomfortable when praying and came back to rest. Grace asked Jane if she had taken Mary’s new pen, to which Jane said no firmly, insisting she knew nothing about that pen. But she had nobody to prove her words. Suspected and feeling sad, Jane burst out crying.
Everything happened fast and unexpectedly before Riya suddenly realized the pen was still in her pocket. She froze on the spot, afraid of being treated as a thief.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But Riya knew what was the right thing to do
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grace nodded and patted Riya on the back with a relieved smile.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But Riya knew what was the right thing to do. Nervous and anxious as she was, Riya took courage to walk toward Jane, standing in front of her and saying in an apologetic voice, “Sorry, Jane, it was I that made you misunderstood by others.” Then, Riya turned around to tell Grace what was the truth and claimed that the misunderstanding was caused by her inconsideration. She apologized to Mary with head bowed and tears running down her cheeks, asking sincerely, “I am really sorry for using the new pen without your permission. But I did not do it on purpose.Could you please forgive me?” After her words, the air in the classroom seemed to be still like dead water.
Grace nodded and patted Riya on the back with a relieved smile. She cleared her throat, uttering, “Riya, I am so touched by your honesty and courage. You are a good girl.” She also expressed her apology to Jane and comforted her. She told the whole class that making a mistake was not terrible and that the courage to admit it truly counted. Apparently, Riya set a good example for everyone else. Since it was a misunderstanding, Mary grinned understandingly at Riya and replied, “I forgive you and I’d like to share this new pen with you.” Hearing her words, Riya couldn’t help hugging Mary. It was at that time that Riya came to realize what mattered most was not the mistake made by her but honesty and courage to take the blame for it.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Riya因为很欣赏朋友Mary的钢笔，而想拿Mary的钢笔写下她的名字，结果突然Jane走进教室，慌乱之下的Riya赶紧把笔放进口袋里。于是一场误会就此产生，Jane被当作小偷。当然，Riya最终勇敢地解决了这场误会。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但Riya知道什么是正确的做法。”可知，第一段可描述Riya勇敢地承认是她拿了Mary的新钢笔，并向Mary她们解释事情的经过及寻求原谅。
②由第二段首句内容“Grace点点头，拍了拍Riya的背，欣慰地笑了。”可知，第二段可描述Grace赞赏Riya的诚实和勇敢，并告诉大家诚实面对错误的勇气以及误会消除了。
2.续写线索：坦白——承认拿笔——道歉——希望获得原谅——Grace赞赏——教导大家——和解——误会消除——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①向前走：walk toward/step toward/head toward
②道歉：apologize/make an apology
③拥抱：hug her/give her a hug
情绪类
①紧张的：nervous/tense
②感动的：touched/moved
【点睛】[高分句型1] Then, Riya turned around to tell Grace what was the truth and claimed that the misunderstanding was caused by her inconsideration.（由what引导宾语从句和that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] She told the whole class that making a mistake was not terrible and that the courage to admit it truly counted.（由that引导的宾语从句）
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