2022-2023学年广东省广州市真光中学高一上学期期中测试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省广州市真光中学高一上学期期中测试英语试题（解析版），共22页。
广州市真光中学 2022 学年第一学期期中考试
高一英语试卷
【分数：130 分;时量：120 分钟】
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节 ，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Make 2022 your most adventurous year by signing up for one of these trips of a lifetime. Sail to Aldabra Atoll for a fascinating journey, hike along the frontiers of Georgia, and explore different habitats of human and animals. These journeys in the remote areas are unlike any trip you’ve ever taken before.
Exodus Travels
This once-in-a-lifetime journey visits Aldabra Atoll, one of the most remote UNESCO World Heritage sites on the planet. Hidden away from the impact of humans, Aldabra has managed to sustain a population of 152,000 giant tortoises. This is the trip for wildlife enthusiasts. The clear waters of the Seychelles are home to 850 species of brilliantly colored fish that you’ll visit on snorkel and dive excursions (旅行).
Wild Frontiers Adventure Travel
Wild Frontiers Adventure Travel’s Georgia Walking Tour showcases the country’s wild side, with plenty of hikes in the Svaneti Mountains mixed with cultural experiences like a visit to the remote village of Adishi, home to just 12 families.
Natural Habitat Adventures
A nine-day adventure centered around Natural Habitat’s unique luxury base camp near the edge of the Greenland ice sheet. You’ll be in one of the world’s most remote locations (with a maximum of only 11 other travelers in your group), but still have access to hot showers and well-prepared meals. You’ll spend your days exploring the surrounding waters, meeting the local Inuit villagers, kayaking (独木舟), and so on.
Mountain Travel Sobek
Accompanied with expert guides, you’ll track gorillas through Rwanda’s Volcanoes National Park, getting a rare chance to see these majestic creatures up close. You’ll also focus your search on another rare creature – the golden monkey.
1. Who will be most likely to choose Aldabra Atoll as a perfect destination?
A. A UNESCO officer. B. An experienced hiker.
C. An active environmentalist. D. A passionate animal lover.
2. What can we learn about the Natural Habitat Adventures?
A. Travelers will take a cold bath. B. Travelers have to make dinners alone.
C. Travelers will enjoy water sports. D. Travelers need to prepare a folding tent.
3. What do these trips have in common?
A. They are in remote locations. B. They provide wildlife visits.
C. They feature various cultural activities. D. They offer stays with local families.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文——旅游广告。介绍了四个探险旅游景点的相关内容，吸引人们报名参加探险旅游。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This once-in-a-lifetime journey visits Aldabra Atoll, ...... This is the trip for wildlife enthusiasts. The clear waters of the Seychelles are home to 850 species of brilliantly colored fish that you’ll visit on snorkel and dive excursions (旅行).”可知，这趟一生一次的旅程将访问Aldabra Atoll。……这是对野生动物爱好者的一次旅行。 Seychelles清澈的水域上有850种色彩鲜艳的鱼类，你会通过浮潜和潜水旅行来观赏这些鱼类。因此热情的动物爱好者最有可能把这里当作完美的目的地。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“A nine-day adventure centered around Natural Habitat’s unique luxury base camp near the edge of the Greenland ice sheet. ”可知，为期九天的探险活动围绕着格陵兰冰原边缘的Natural Habiat独特的豪华大本营展开。再根据本段中“You’ll spend your days exploring the surrounding waters, meeting the local Inuit villagers, kayaking (独木舟), and so on.”可知，你可以探索附近的水域，遇到当地的因纽特居民，独木舟等。因此可以推断出游客可以进行水上项目。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“These journeys in the remote areas are unlike any trip you’ve ever taken before.”可知这几个旅游项目的共同之处是都位于偏远地区。故选A项。
B
I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole. Back in 1996, there had never been a woman from the UK who had accomplished this challenge. I wondered what it would be like to survive in temperatures cold enough to freeze your flesh in seconds, so I sent off for the application form.
The application form full of pictures of male explorers arrived. The words "Are you man enough for the ultimate (终极的) challenge?" made me angry and even more determined to get on the team.
Over 500 individuals applied for a place in the team, and the selection process included physical and psychological tests designed to pick the best group. In one test, there was a huge rope ladder we had to climb, and I froze at the top because I have a fear of heights. I thought my hopes were fading as most other applicants sailed past, leaving me behind. But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing individuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would take care of others in the team.
I had revealed (显示) my weakness, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yourself, as there is nowhere to hide. There personalities of asking for help and showing weakness are necessary for women to master.
I realized that by being myself, I could succeed. I was selected for the team. I realized that I could achieve more than I ever imagined—more importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the new world and reveal more of their abilities.
4. How did the author react on seeing the advertisement?
A. She got cross. B. She was determined.
C. She got frightened. D. She was uninterested.
5. What did the organizers view as the most important in the selection of new hands?
A. Personal quality. B. Individual ability.
C. Spirit of teamwork. D. Courage to challenge.
6. What does the author think of women's showing weakness?
A. Beneficia1. B. Shamefu1.
C. Mercifu1. D. Disturbing.
7. What's the intention of the author in writing this passage?
A To inspire us to prepare for our future goa1.
B. To advise women to turn to others.
C. To make suggestions to her team members.
D. To encourage people to explore the unknown.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者申请加入去北极的滑雪队并成功的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句第二句“I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole.”(我决定滑雪去北极。那是在我在报纸上看到一则招募人员加入一个滑雪350英里到北极的队伍的广告之后。)和第二段第二句 “The words "Are you man enough for the ultimate (终极的) challenge?" made me angry and even more determined to get on the team.”(“你有勇气接受终极挑战吗？”这句话让我很生气，更坚定了加入团队的决心。)可知，作者在看到这则广告后很有决心。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing individuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would take care of others in the team.”(但是另外两个人帮了我，后来我发现组织者不是在寻找了不起的人，而是伟大的团队成员，这一刻向他们展示了谁会照顾团队中的其他人。)可知，组织者认为，在挑选新人时，团队精神是最重要的。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“There personalities of asking for help and showing weakness are necessary for women to master.”(求助和示弱的个性对女性来说是必要的。)可知，作者认为女人示弱是有好处的。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句中的“by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the new world and reveal more of their abilities”(通过与他人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们向新世界迈出一步，展示更多的能力)可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们去探索未知的世界。故选D。
C
When I was 27 years old, I went to teach seventh graders math. And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests. I gave out homework assignments. When the work came back, I calculated grades. What struck me was that IQ was not the only difference between my best and my worst students. Some of my strongest performers did not have high IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids weren’t doing so well. And that got me thinking.
After several more years of teaching, I came to the conclusion that what we need in education is a much better understanding of students and learning from a motivational perspective, from a psychological perspective. In education, the one thing we know how to measure best is IQ. But what if doing well in school and in life depends on much more than your ability to learn quickly and easily?
So I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super challenging settings, and in every study my question was, who is successful here and why? I studied new teachers working in really tough neighborhoods, asking which will be the most effective at improving learning outcomes for their students? As a result, it wasn’t good looks, physical health, and it wasn’t IQ. It was grit (毅力). Grit is working really hard to make your future a reality. Grit is living life like it’s a marathon.
To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know, how little science knows, about building it. Every day, parents and teachers ask me, “How do I build grit in kids? What do I do to teach kids a solid work ethic? How do I keep them motivated for the long run?” The honest answer is, I don’t know.
What I do know is that talent doesn't make you gritty. In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated or even inversely related to measures of talent. In other words, we need to be gritty about getting our kids grittier.
8. In writing paragraph 1, the author aims to ________.
A. make a comparison B. give a definition C. reach a conclusion D. lead in a topic
9. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. IQ decides your study performance. B. Grit has nothing to do with your IQ.
C. Lack of talent is no reason for taking no action. D. We should study further on students and learning.
10. What made the author most astonished about grit?
A. Parents and teachers often ignore it. B. We have little knowledge about it.
C. Schools focus more about it than families. D. How he keeps students motivated for the long run.
11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The Key to Success B. Brave Minds Never Feel Down
C. Reflections on School Education D. Failure Is the Mother of Success
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了成功最重要因素不是智商，也不是情商，而是比情商和智商更为重要的——坚毅——向着长期的目标，坚持自己的激情，即便历经失败，依然能够坚持不懈地努力下去，这种品质就叫做毅力。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“What struck me was that IQ was not the only difference between my best and my worst students. Some of my strongest performers did not have high IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids weren’t doing so well. And that got me thinking.(让我吃惊的是，智商并不是我最好和最差学生之间的唯一区别。有些表现最好的学生智商并不高。我的一些最聪明的孩子表现不太好。这让我开始思考。)”及下文可推断，作者写第一段的目的旨在导入本文的话题。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After several more years of teaching, I came to the conclusion that what we need in education is a much better understanding of students and learning from a motivational perspective, from a psychological perspective.(经过几年的教学，我得出一个结论，我们在教育中需要的是从动机的角度，从心理学的角度更好地理解学生和学习。)”可知，我们应该进一步研究学生和学习。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know, how little science knows, about building it.( 对我来说，关于毅力最令人震惊的事情是我们对如何培养毅力知之甚少，科学对如何培养毅力知之甚少。)”可知，关于毅力，作者最惊讶的是我们对此知之甚少。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“So I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super challenging settings, and in every study my question was, who is successful here and why?(所以我开始研究儿童和成人在各种极具挑战性环境下，在每次研究中，我的问题都是，谁会成功，为什么?)”可知，文章首先指出了什么是成功的秘诀，然后论述了将拥有毅力才是成功的保证。所以“The Key to Success(成功的关键)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
D
In a world where nearly 6 million fingerprint records of government employees are stolen in one computer hack(非法侵入), and here millions of people are victims of identity theft every year, the next step in cyber security may well be mapping your brain.
Researchers at Binghamton University, State University of New York are working on a biometric(生物特征识别的)system that records how your brain reacts to certain images. With a little more polishing, the scientists’ brainchild could become the way you get into a safe deposit box, your office or past scanners at the airport. It could replace the password for your online banking, your email or your social media accounts.
They started their project by measuring the brain waves of 30 subjects. The subjects were fitted with a cap that had 30 electrodes(电极)attached to it, and then shown various images and symbols — celebrity faces, words, pictures of food — on a computer screen in 200-millisecond bursts. The brain’s reaction was recorded.
The idea is that every time a person needs to use a “password”, he or she goes through the same procedure, and the results are matched with their first­time reaction. If the “brainprint” is cracked — like what happened with the fingerprint records — then the system is merely reset by running another set of images and collecting a different set of brain waves. “Even if that was stolen, you could just cancel it and record one to something else”, says professor Laszlo.
Laszlo and her team have shown that their system can be 100 percent accurate. So one of the more difficult parts of making the system practical already has been overcome. Now, they’re spending much time recording accurate brainprints with as few as three electrodes, which could make recording in the future as easy as wearing a pair of special glasses. They’re also working with cheaper materials and different methods to see if they can bring the cost down.
12. What does the underlined word “brainchild” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The brain function.
B. The fingerprint record.
C. The biometric system.
D. The online password.
13. Why were the images and symbols shown to the subjects?
A. To create their brainprints.
B. To check the brain’s reaction.
C. To match brainprints with pictures.
D. To connect brain waves to electrodes.
14. What will happen when a brainprint fails?
A. A spare one will be ready beforehand.
B. A new one will be set again.
C. The users’ security will be leaked.
D. The fingerprint record will replace it.
15. What are the researchers doing with the program now?
A. Making it user-friendly.
B. Improving its accuracy.
C. Recording more brainprints.
D. Increasing the number of electrodes.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。网络安全越来越重要，科学家也在研究新的网络安全密码。来自纽约宾汉姆顿大学的研究人员发现了一种脑部扫描系统——脑印。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文“Researchers at Binghamton University, State University of New York are working on a biometric（生物特征识别的）system that records how your brain reacts to certain images.”（约州立大学宾汉姆顿大学的研究人员正在研究一种生物识别系统，该系统可以记录大脑对特定图象的反应。）可知，研究人员研究了一种生物识别系统，再根据划线句“With a little more polishing, the scientists’ brainchild could become the way you get into a safe deposit box, your office or past scanners at the airport”（再稍加打磨，这些科学家的brainchild就可以成为你进入保险箱、办公室或机场扫描仪的方式)由此可知，"brainchild"指的是“生物识别系统”，故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段“The subjects were fitted with a cap that had 30 electrodes（电极）attached to it, and then shown various images and symbols — celebrity faces, words, pictures of food --- on a computer screen in 200-millisecond bursts. The brain’s reaction was recorded.”（受试者戴上一个有30个电极的帽子，然后在电脑屏幕上以20毫秒的速度显示出各种各样的图象和符号--名人的脸、文字、食物的图片，大脑的反应被记录下来。）可知，图像和符号被展示给受试者是为了创造他们的脑印。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四自然段“If the "brainprint" is compromised --- like what happened with the fingerprint records --- then the system is merely reset by running another set of images and collecting a different set of brain waves.”（如果“脑印”受损——就像指纹记录那样——那么只需运行另一组图像并收集一组不同的脑电波，就可以重置系统。）可知，当一个脑印失败时，可以重新设置一个新的。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, they’re spending much time recording accurate brainprints with as few as three electrodes, which could make recording in the future as easy as wearing a pair of special glasses. They're also working with cheaper materials and different methods to see if they can bring the cost down.”（现在，他们只需要三个电极就可以记录下精确的脑印，这使得在未来记录起来就像戴上一副特殊的眼镜一样简单，他们也在使用更便宜的材料和不同的方法，看看是否能降低成本现在。）可知，现在，研究人员正在使这个程序更容易使用，也就是说对用户更友好，故选A。
第二节 七选五 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Be Organized
Pack your backpack with all your supplies before going to bed. ____16____ . This means you’ll need to take books, pens, pencils, homework, review sheets, sticky notes, bookmarks and anything else that helps you stay organized.
• Packing up before going to bed means you won’t feel rushed in the morning and accidentally forget something.
Stick a copy of your class schedule somewhere in your house where you’ll see it every day. ____17____. That way, you’ll know exactly what class you have and what materials you’ll need.
• Keep a folder (文件夹) for each subject so you can easily pack and find things. Staying organized in school is extremely important because if you are organized, you are one step ahead in being successful. ____18____.
• Use a weekly planner to write assignments and due dates. Use a weekly planner or calendar to write down important dates regarding assignments, quizzes, tests, and extracurricular activities. ____19____. And checking off each completed task will give you a feeling of achievement.
• ____20____. Keeping all of your writing tools, folders, paper, and other necessities in one area will make it easier to find them. If you don’t have a desk, get one and have a drawer for each group of items.
A. See it carefully before leaving home
B. This will help you manage your time better
C. Try to come up with as many ideas as you can
D. Write reminders to bring certain items in certain days
E. Arrange a certain area of your room or home for supplies
F. A good way to start off is to keep a folder for each subject
G. Be prepared for each day by making sure you have everything you need with you
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。条理性在日常生活学习中非常重要，有助于我们的学习。文章介绍了几个保持条理的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Pack your backpack with all your supplies before going to bed. ”（上床睡觉前把所有的东西都装进背包）空后的“This means you’ll need to take books, pens, pencils, homework, review sheets, sticky notes, bookmarks and anything else that helps you stay organized.”（这意味着你需要带上书，钢笔，铅笔，家庭作业，复习表，便利贴，书签和其他任何能帮助你保持条理性的东西）可知，把东西装进书包是为了确保把需要的一切带好。选项G.“为每一天做好准备，确保你拥有你需要的一切” 选项中的everything you need 与后文的books, pens, pencils, homework, review sheets, sticky notes, bookmarks and anything else呼应。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据空前“Stick a copy of your class schedule somewhere in your house where you’ll see it every day.”（在家里的某个地方贴一份你每天都能看到的课程表）空后的“That way, you’ll know exactly what class you have and what materials you’ll need.”（这样，你就能准确地知道你上什么课，需要什么材料）可知，空处的内容可以叙述贴出来的这张时间表可以作为一个提醒物来给你提醒。选项D.“写出在特定的日子里带上特定的物品的提醒”符合题意，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“Keep a folder (文件夹) for each subject so you can easily pack and find things. Staying organized in school is extremely important because if you are organized, you are one step ahead in being successful. ”（为每个科目保留一个文件夹，这样你就可以很容易地打包和找到东西。在学校里保持有有条理是非常重要的，因为如果你有条理，你就会在成功的道路上领先一步）此处提到了为每个科目制定文件夹。可以带给你的便利性。因而空处应是对前文的总结，F 项“一个好的开始方法是为每个科目保留一个文件夹”与之语意顺承，且与本段的“keep a folder”呼应。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空前的“Use a weekly planner or calendar to write down important dates”（使用周计划表来写作业和截止日期）可知，空处应讲述做周计划表的好处。B 项“这会帮助你更好地安排时间”承接上文，符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据空后“Keeping all of your writing tools, folders, paper, and other necessities in one area will make it easier to find them. If you don’t have a desk, get one and have a drawer for each group of items.”（把你所有的写作工具、文件夹、纸张和其他必需品放在一个地方会让你更容易找到它们。如果你没有办公桌，那就买一张，然后为每一组物品准备一个抽屉）提到把你所有的写作工具、文件夹、纸张和其他必需品放在一个会使你更容易找到它们的地方。由此可知，空处应讲述你要有一个专门安排你需要的东西的区域。E 项“在你的房间或家里安排一个特定的区域来放用品”符合题意。故选E。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
I’d always ___21___ living alone: the life of no rules and regulations and being independent. So, I was ___22___ about this new stage in my life when moving into my university dormitory.
___23___, during the first few months, I’d find myself crying every day. Coming from a big family, I was ___24___ to noises surrounding me. Therefore, the scary ___25___ at night was the worst. I couldn’t even ___26___ without keeping the lights on.
As time went by, I started enjoying the ___27___ that came with living alone. The space of loneliness was ___28___ by friends who became like family.
When it was time to say goodbye and go back home after my ___29___ I was bittersweet. I’d _____30_____ my time alone, learning things which wouldn’t have been _____31_____ if I had never moved away from home.
I’d learned a lot from this _____32_____. Living alone made me value _____33_____ time even more. I realized that every second with them _____34_____ though I might not get the freedom I had while living alone. For me, there is no warmth in a house _____35_____ it’s filled with loving members and people you love.
21. A. kept on B. dreamed of C. insisted on D. put off
22. A. delighted B. worried C. serious D. cautious
23. A. Undoubtedly B. Unwillingly C. Unconditionally D. Unexpectedly
24. A. deaf B. cruel C. accustomed D. opposed
25 A. boredom B. silence C. darkness D. suffering
26. A. sleep B. talk C. move D. play
27. A. confidence B. safety C. relief D. freedom
28. A. set aside B. taken over C. filled up D. thrown away
29. A. recovery B. graduation C. resignation D. promotion
30. A. hated B. desired C. regretted D. enjoyed
31. A. useful B. possible C. reliable D. worthwhile
32. A. adventure B. arrangement C. experience D. challenge
33. A. family B. study C. work D. growth
34. A. flew B. counted C. stayed D. repeated
35. A. when B. once C. unless D. though
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述的是作者梦想自己能独自居住，但是当他上大学住宿舍时很不习惯。当毕业的时候，他很感激大学期间他独立的日子，但与此同时也更珍惜与家人在一起的日子。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一直梦想着独自生活：没有规章制度的独立生活。A. kept on继续；B. dreamed of梦想；C. insisted on坚持；D. put off推迟。根据文中I’d always...living alone, the life of no rules and regulations and being independent.可知，作者想要独立生活，没有规章制度的约束，但目前还尚未独立，故他对这种生活是非常向往的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我搬进大学宿舍的时候，我很高兴我的生活进入了一个新的阶段。A. delighted高兴的；B. worried担心的；C. serious严肃的；D. cautious谨慎的。文章第一句提到作者梦想独自生活；接下来说因此当搬进大学宿舍，因此到了大学宿舍开始独立生活，梦想实现，故作者是开心的。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，在最初的几个月里，我发现自己每天都在哭。A. Undoubtedly确实地；B. Unwillingly不情愿地；C. Unconditionally无条件地；D. Unexpectedly意外地。结合后文I'd find myself crying every day.可知，有了梦想生活，应该是很高兴。但意外地是作者却发现自己每天都在哭。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我来自一个大家庭，已经习惯了周围的噪音。A. deaf聋的；B. cruel残酷的；C. accustomed习惯的；D. opposed反对的。根据文中Coming from a big family可知，作者来自大家庭，大家庭是比较吵闹的，故已经对噪音习以为常了。短语be accustomed to“对……习惯”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，夜晚可怕寂静是最糟糕的。A. boredom厌倦；B. silence沉默；C. darkness黑暗；D. suffering痛苦。作者开始了独自生活，与家里之前的吵闹不同了，晚上只有可怕的寂静。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至不开灯就睡不着。A. sleep睡觉；B. talk谈话；C. move移动；D. play玩耍。根据上文at night was the worst可知，作者晚上不开灯睡不着。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我开始享受独自生活带来的自由。A. confidence自信；B. safety安全；C. relief安慰；D. freedom自由。根据后文I might not get the freedom I had while living alone.可知，作者开始享受独自生活带来的自由。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：孤独的空间被像家人一样的朋友填满了。A. set aside留出；B. taken over接管；C. filled up装满；D. thrown away丢弃。结合后文by friends who became like family可知，朋友的存在弥补了不能待在家人旁边的孤独，故是填满了孤独的空间。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业回家的时候，我喜忧参半。A. recovery恢复；B. graduation毕业；C. resignation辞职；D. promotion提升。作者的独居是在大学期间，这时的离开，说明作者毕业了。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我享受着独处的时光，学习一些如果我没有离开家就不可能学到的东西。A. hated憎恨；B. desired渴望；C. regretted后悔；D. enjoyed欣赏。根据上文I started enjoying the可知，作者享受着独处的时光。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我享受着独处的时光，学习一些如果我没有离开家就不可能学到的东西。A. useful有用的；B. possible可能的；C. reliable可靠的；D. worthwhile值得的。结合上下文语境，如果作者一直在家，那么在学校中有一些事情，例如享受独自生活可能就学不到了。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从这次经历中学到了很多。A. adventure冒险；B. arrangement安排；C. experience经历；D. challenge挑战。在大学中的独居生活，对作者来说，是人生的一段经历，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：独自生活让我更加珍惜与家人相处的时间。A. family家人；B. study学习；C. work工作；D. growth生长。根据后文even more可知，经过大学的独自生活，作者比以前更加珍惜了家人相处的时间。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到和他们在一起的每一秒都很重要，尽管我可能无法获得独自生活时的自由。A. flew飞翔；B. counted重要，认为；C. stayed停留；D. repeated重复。作者从独居生活中也明白了，家人的重要性，更加珍视家庭的生活，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查连接词辨析。句意：对我来说，家里没有温暖，除非充满了爱的成员和你爱的人。A. when当……时候；B. once一旦；C. unless除非；D. though虽然。此处为条件状语从句，表示“除非”用unless。故选C。
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the winter approaches, tanghulu, a traditional Chinese snack can be found on the street corner in northern China. Since the ancient times, it ___36___ (be) very popular with natives, especially children.
Tanghulu is ___37___ (common) made of haws (山楂), which are rich in vitamin C and are known ___38___ (have) traditional Chinese medicine properties. According to a legend, 800 years ago, one of the emperor’s ___39___ (wife) was sick and had ___40___ poor appetite. The doctor suggested that she eat 10 haws ___41___ (boil) with sugar before dinner. She recovered within two weeks. Later, the prescription was passed on ___42___ ordinary people. People put haws on a stick, dipped them in hot sugar syrup (糖浆) and dried. The syrup finally turned into a solid coating, like crystal on the surface of haws. That is ___43___ they are also called bingtanghulu. ___44___ origin story says that the very first tanghulu only had two haws: a small one on the top and a big one below, making it resemble a hulu, a bringer of good luck.
With sour haws and sweet sugar, the taste of tanghulu is a combination of flavors, which often ___45___ (remind) people of their happy childhoods.
【答案】36. has been
37. commonly
38. to have
39. wives 40. a
41. boiled 42. to
43. why 44. Another
45. reminds
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述了冰糖葫芦的起源以及制作方法，冰糖葫芦很受小孩子的欢迎，糖葫芦的味道能勾起人们对幸福童年的回忆。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：自古以来，它在当地人特别是儿童中很受欢迎。因为前面有时间状语：Since the ancient times（自从古代），所以句子应使用现在完成时。又因为主语it是单数，故谓语也应用单数。故填has been。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：通常糖葫芦是由山楂制成的。由于后面的"made (制作) "是动词，副词作状语修饰动词。故填commonly。
【38题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：山楂富含维生素C，并且具有传统中药特性为人们所熟知。固定搭配be known to do sth：因……而闻名。故填to have。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：根据一个八百年前的传说，皇帝的一位妻子生病了并且食欲很差。one of后面的名词应该为复数形式。故填wives。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：根据一个八百年前的传说，皇帝的一位妻子生病了并且食欲很差。结合句意可知，这里表示“胃口不好”。have a poor appetite：胃口不好，poor是以辅音因素开头的单词，应使用不定冠词a表示泛指意义。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：医生建议她在晚餐前吃10个和糖煮在一起的山楂。 haws承受boil 的动作，应使用过去分词表示被动关系。故填boiled。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：后来此方传到了民间的普通百姓那里。固定短语pass sth on to sb：将……传递或传承给某人。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查连接词。句意：这就是它们也被叫做冰糖葫芦的原因。前句“糖浆最后变成了一层固体涂层，就像山楂表面的晶体”，这是在解释糖葫芦为什么又被称为冰糖葫芦。本句为why引导的表语从句。故填why。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：另外一个起源故事说，最开始的糖葫芦只有两个山楂：上面一个，下面一个，使其像葫芦一样，寓意带来好运。结合前文的“According to a legend”可知，这儿的“origin story(起源故事)”是另外一个传说，因此使用another修饰origin story，单词放句首首字母应该大写。故填Another。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：糖葫芦的味道包含了山楂的酸和糖的甜，它是几种口味的结合，这使人们常常想起快乐的童年。本句话是在描述糖葫芦的味道及它的作用，动词应使用一般现在时。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词the taste of tanghulu（糖葫芦的味道）在从句中作主语，因此从句的谓语动词应是单数形式。故填reminds。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 单词拼写(共 10 小题;每题 1 分，共 10 分 )
请根据句子的意思和汉语提示，用必修 1 第一至四单元词汇的正确形式完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。
46. We sincerely hope you can come and enjoy it. If you have any questions about it, you can ________ (联系) us.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】contact
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们真诚的希望你能来欣赏它。如果对此有任何问题，你可以联系我们。空处在句中作谓语，结合汉语提示和空前的情态动词，所以此处用动词原形contact，故填contact。
47. At the ________(毕业) ceremony, just as she expected, she was very proud to stand with a class of care, manners and confidence. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】graduation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在毕业典礼上，正如她所预料的那样，她非常自豪地站在一届关心、礼貌和自信的学生中间。graduation ceremony为固定搭配，表示“毕业典礼”。故填graduation。
48. Children whose friends are________ (外向的) will gradually take on optimistic personality over time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】outgoing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：朋友外向的孩子会随着时间的推移逐渐变得乐观。表示“外向的”应用形容词outgoing，在句中作表语。故填outgoing。
49. She________ (请求) the community to turn this house into a shelter upon her death. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】requested
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她请求社区在她死后把这个房子改建为避难所。结合句意可知，主人公“她”已经做好了决定，也向社区发出了请求，故空处需要用一般过去时。“请求”为request，一般过去时为requested。故填requested。
50. I can show you around our school. I know it ________(极其) well. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我可以带你参观我们的学校，我对学校极其熟悉。空处用于修饰副词well，故需要填副词。表示“极其”为extremely，符合题意和语法。故填extremely。
51. The most ________ (明显的) problem with our class is lack of interaction and teamwork. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】obvious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们班最明显的问题是缺乏互动和团队合作。根据汉语提示可知，可知此处用形容词obvious，修饰名词作定语。故填obvious。
52. Its author Shakespeare is no doubt the greatest dramatist in the history of English ________ (文学). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】literature
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：它的作者莎士比亚无疑是英国文学史上最伟大的剧作家。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词literature，作介词of的宾语。故填literature。
53. Some students feel that ________ (交换) gifts can make more friends and expand their network of friends. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】exchanging
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：一些学生认为交换礼物可以结交更多的朋友，扩大他们的朋友圈。根据汉语提示可知，exchange交换，动词，符合题意；结合句子结构可知，空处需用动名词作主语。故填exchanging。
54. So once it covers an area, it causes a ________ (平静的) period before the storm. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】calm
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：所以一旦它覆盖了一个区域，它就会在风暴前形成一段平静期。空处需填形容词，用于形容名词period。“平静的”为calm，符合题意。故填calm。
55. They are so busy that they have no time to make an___________(安排) for the activity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】arrangement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他们是如此忙以至于没有时间为这次活动作出安排。不定冠词后用单数名词，根据句意，此处是短语make an arrangement，意思为“作出安排”。故填arrangement。
第二节 选词填空(共 15 空，每空 1 分，共 15 分)
请根据短文，选择适当的单词或短语填空，注意备选项中有多余词汇。
at last to make an impression positive gym
rather than in the open air even if focus on
movements make it expert basic
Many of us think if we’re not hot, we’re not working out right. But is that true? Sweating is the cooling process (过程) your body goes through to help you keep a steady body temperature ____56____ workout goal. “‘Sweating equals calories burned’ is actually not true,” says Jessica Matthews, an ____57____ from the American Council on Exercise.“Everybody sweats differently, and how much or how little you sweat isn’t equal to the number of calories you burn.”
A study done on 20 highly trained cyclists in a(n) ____58____ found that working out in heat can play a(n) ____59____ role — including resulting in improved sweating and cooling. A part-time yoga teacher, Matthews says that hot workouts are becoming most popular in yoga. “People really like seeing whether their bodies can ____60____ through the external heat. But its demands mean that people need to have a ____61____ knowledge of what they can manage before they try these ____62____ in a heated environment.” ____63____ you’re considering a very simple workout like a heated cycling class, get comfortable cycling in a non-heated environment first. If you are doing workouts ____64____ on summer days, begin by going out for 10 to 15 minutes at a time. Then gradually increase to 20 minutes and work your way up, depending on your goals.
【答案】56. rather than
57. expert 58. gym
59. positive
60. make it
61. basic 62. movements
63. Even if
64. in the open air
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。许多人认为，如果我们不热，我们就没有锻炼好。但情况并非如此，出汗是身体的降温过程，帮助保持稳定的体温，而不是锻炼目标。研究发现，在高温下锻炼可以起到积极的作用，包括改善出汗和降温。
【56题详解】
考查连词词组。句意：出汗是你身体的降温过程，帮助你保持稳定的体温，而不是锻炼目标。分析句子可知，空格处位于应填入连词。根据句意，此处意为“而不是”，故选rather than。故填rather than。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：美国运动协会专家杰西卡·马修斯（Jessica Matthews）表示：“‘出汗等于燃烧的卡路里’实际上是不正确的。” 分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作主语。根据空格前的不定冠词“an”可知，该名词以元音音素开头。由句意可知，此处意为“专家”，故选expert。故填expert。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：一项针对20名训练有素的自行车运动员在健身房进行的研究发现，在高温下锻炼可以起到积极的作用，包括改善出汗和降温。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词。根据句意，此处意为“在健身房”，故选gym。故填gym。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰role。根据句意，此处意为“积极的”，故选positive。故填positive。
【60题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：人们真的很喜欢看看自己的身体是否成功经受住外界的高温。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动词或动词短语。根据句意，此处意为“成功”，故选make it。故填make it。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但这意味着人们需要对自己能在高温环境中进行的运动有一个基本的了解。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰knowledge。根据句意，此处意为“基本的”，故选basic。故填basic。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。且根据空格前的“these”判断，此处应用名词复数形式。根据句意，此处意为“运动”，故选movements。故填movements。
【63题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：即使你正在考虑一个非常简单的锻炼，比如热热的自行车课，也要先在非高温环境中舒适地骑自行车。分析句子可知，空格处应填入状语从句的引导词。根据句意，此处意为“即使”，故选even if引导让步状语从句。置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Even if。
【64题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果你在夏季在户外进行锻炼，那么从每次外出10到15分钟开始。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作状语。根据句意，此处意为“在户外”，作地点状语。故选in the open air。故填in the open air。
第三节 应用文写作(满分 25 分)
65. 你校学生会要招聘一位课外活动志愿者，请你写一则招聘启事。内容包括：
1. 面向本校学生；
2. 工作职责：计划、组织高一学生的17:30至18:30的课外体育活动，每周两次活动；
3. 报名方式：2022年10月31日前到各班班长处报名。
注意：
1. 词数100左右。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：课外活动 extracurricular activity；体育锻炼 physical exercises
Extracurricular Activity Volunteer Needed
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union of TL High School
【答案】
Extracurricular Activity Volunteer Needed
To improve students’ ability and enrich extracurricular activities, the Students’ Union of TL High School is recruiting a volunteer for extracurricular activities for Senior One students. Applicants should be students of our school and have strong responsibilities as well as passionate personality. In addition, candidates must be available to work from 17:30 to 18:30, twice per week, and competent to plan and organize the extracurricular activities, such as all kinds of games, physical exercises, and running races. Finally, students with relevant experience are preferred.
Those who are interested in applying for it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before October 31, 2022. We’d love to have you participate.
The Students’ Union of TL High School
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生会的名义写一则招聘启事，招聘一位课外活动志愿者，并在招聘启事中包括工作职责和报名方式等信息。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提高：improve → enhance/uplift
招聘：recruit → hire/advertise for
热情的：passionate → enthusiastic/full-blooded/keen
有能力做：be competent to → be able to/capable of
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Applicants should be students of our school and have strong responsibilities as well as passionate personality.
拓展句：If you’re a student of our school with strong responsibilities as well as passionate personality, we’ll be lucky to have you as an applicant.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To improve students’ ability and enrich extracurricular activities, the Students’ Union of TL High School is recruiting a volunteer for extracurricular activities for Senior One students. (运用了不定式结构做目的状语)
【高分句型2】Those who are interested in applying for it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before October 31, 2022. (运用了who引导的定语从句)