2022-2023天津市五校高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023天津市五校高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 Dn’t wrry等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022～2023学年度第一学期期中五校联考
高一英语
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共80分)
第一部分：听力理解(共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What food did the woman cook?
A. Chinese food B. Thai food C. Japanese food
2. What did Mary do last Sunday?
A. She acted in a play B. She saw a play C. She went to the tea-house
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the railways station.
B. At the cinema
C. At a restaurant
4. Who is the man speaking to?
A. His coach B. A doctor C. A swimmer.
5. What will the woman do this evening?
A. Take an exam B. Study for the exam C. Go dancing with the man.
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8题。
6. What does the “under-promise and over-deliver” mean?
A. Make fewer promises.
B. Just do what you have promised.
C. Do more than what you promised.
7 How might the man settle complaints?
A. By trying to be understanding and responsible.
B. By apologizing but offering no discounts.
C. By judging who is right.
8. Which is the best response to questions from customers?
A. Sorry, I don’t know.
B. I can’t help you, but I know who can.
C. There is nothing I can do about it
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11题。
9. Where does the woman work?
A. In a school B. On a farm. C. In a zoo.
10. What does the woman say about the weather in summer?
A. Extremely hot B. Cool C. Nice
11. How many pets does the woman have?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 5
听下面一段对话，回答第12至第15题。
12. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Shopping B. Traveling C. Food.
13. What is the Hotel Post?
A. A small village B. A post office C. A local hotel
14. What is special about the market in Bangkok?
A. Many beautiful hats are on sale
B. People do shopping by boat.
C. The fruit is quite cheap.
15. Which place is famous for mountains and beaches?
A. Soll in Austria B. Bangkok in Thailand C. Kauai in Hawaii.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ---I must hurry up now.
---________. It’s only half past 5.
A. Take it easy. B. That’s OK. C. Take your time. D. It’s nothing.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我现在必须抓紧时间了。——别着急。现在才五点半。A. Take it easy. 别紧张；B. That’s OK.没关系；C. Take your time. 别着急；D. It’s nothing.没什么。根据“It’s only half past 5.”可知，提醒对方不要着急。故选C。
2. Studies show that people are more _______ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for a long time.
A. likely B. possible C. sure D. probable
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：研究表明，如果人们总是坐在电脑屏幕面前很长时间会有背部的问题。ABC都是“可能”，D项是“确定”，根据句意，C项错误；这里使用的是句型：Sb./Sth. is likely to do…，其他两个单词不能用于这个句型，故选A。
3. Students have the of studying abroad in their second year.
A. impression B. option C. description D. graduation
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生在二年级时可以选择出国学习。A. impression印象；B. option选择；C. description描述；D. graduation毕业。根据句意，表示“选择”用option。故选B。
4. French is seen as a romantic language the tone is soft and the tune is fascinating.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：法语被认为是一种浪漫的语言，它的语调柔和而迷人。空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词language可视为抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故选B。
5. _____ you can prove to the God that you tell the truth, I won’t believe a word of you.
A. If B. As long as C. Unless D. Once
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：除非你能向上帝证明你说的是真的，否则我不会相信你的话。A. If如果；B. As long as只是；C. Unless除非，相当于if not；D. Once一旦。根据语境可知，空格处表示条件，“除非，如果不”。故选C项。
6. While there was much work to do, David was lying on the sofa doing nothing .
A. in his throat B. in particular C. in his eagerness D. in the lead
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：虽然有许多工作要做，大卫却躺在沙发上无所事事。A. in his throat哽咽，难下咽地；B. in particular尤其，特别；C. in his eagerness迫切地；D. in the lead领先地。句中doing nothing in particular为固定短语，意为“什么都不做”。故选B。
7. Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.
A. will be repaid B. was being repaid
C. has been repaid D. was repaid
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：不要担心，你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语later in life意为在以后的生活中，可以判断为将来时态，主语The hard work与谓语为被动关系。故选A。
8. I found these wonderful words from professors useful, back on my college life.
A. having looked B. looked C. to look D. looking
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾我的大学生活，我发现教授的这些精彩的话很有用。句中look back on为固定短语，意为“回顾”，句中found为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词，此处I和look之间是主动关系，同时表示时间，故使用现在分词作时间状语。故选C。
9. My mother some old photos in a drawer in my grandparents’ flat.
A. wound up B. calmed down C. came across D. wondered at
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的妈妈在我祖父母的公寓里的一个抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。A.wound up给……上发条；结束；B.calmed down使镇静下来；C.came across偶然发现；D.wondered at对……惊奇。根据下文的“some old photos in a drawer in my grandparents’ flat”可知，表示偶然发现一些旧照片。故选C。
10. There is a bus service to the airport from the south of the city.
A. responsible B. actual C. regular D. typical
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从城南有定期的公共汽车开往机场。A.responsible有责任的；B.actual事实上的；C.regular定期的；D.typical典型的。根据本句“to the airport from the south of the city.(从城南到机场)”可知是从城南到机场有定期的公共汽车。故选C。
11. My parents dumplings when I got home yesterday afternoon.
A. have been making B. are making C. will be making D. were making
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天下午我到家时，我父母正在包饺子。A.have been making已经在做；B.are making正在做；C.will be making将要做；D.were making正在做。固定句式be doing sth when...正在做某事这时……，根据时间状语yesterday afternoon，可知动作发生在过去。故选D。
12. on figures from six different European cities，the report is reliable.
A. Based B. Basing C. To base D. Base
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：基于六个不同欧洲城市的数据，该报告是可靠的。分析句子，句中is为谓语动词设空处应使用非谓语动词。base为动词，意为“以……为基础”，其与the report之间是被动关系。故使用过去分词作状语。故选A。
13. See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.
A. when B. which C. where D. what
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：看到大楼顶上的旗子了吗？这就是我们今天早上所做的。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少表语从句连接词, 而且要在句中作did的宾语, 应使用what引导，指代“所做的事情”。故选D。
14. Ladies and gentlemen, we for the late departure of this flight.
A. memorise B. organise C. apologise D. recognise
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：女士们，先生们，我们为本次航班晚点起飞深表歉意。A. memorise熟记；B. organise组织；C. apologise道歉；D. recognise认出。根据下文“for the late departure of this flight”可知，句中表示“为……道歉”用apologise for。故选C。
15. —Which room would you prefer to live in, sir?
— . As long as it is clean and comfortable.
A. I don’t mind B. No problem C. With pleasure D. I’m sure
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——先生，您喜欢住哪个房间?——我不介意只要干净舒适就行。A. I don’t mind我不介意；B. No problem没问题；C. With pleasure十分愿意；D. I’m sure我确信。根据“As long as it is clean and comfortable.”可知，不介意住哪个房间。故选A。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Author Peggy Payne says, “Helping others creates a ‘helper’s extreme pleasure’. A good feeling can set off a sharp reduction in ____16____ and release the body’s natural painkillers, the endorphin (内啡肽), which is ____17____by a longer period of improved emotional well-being.”
I had such an experience. My neighbor Ingrid didn’t ____18____ a car. It wasn’t a matter of money but because she thought that ____19____ public transportation was better than having thousands of cars crowding the roads and ____20____ the air. A couple of days before, I had taken Ingrid for her ____21____ visit to a cancer specialist. She was diagnosed with stomach cancer and needed someone to drive her to the ____22____ and take notes while the doctor explained ____23____ plans. I knew what Ingrid was facing and ____24____ she shouldn’t be going to the grocery store on the bus. I ____25____ to take her shopping on Saturday mornings. I did so and we became good friends. I ____26____ felt the life was even happier.
There were ____27____ Saturday shopping trips and breakfasts together. Every Saturday was another ____28____ and I longed for its arrival. One Saturday before Ingrid died, she said: “Carrie, maybe, it was destiny that tied us together. I would have died 30 years ago without you.” Her remark ____29____ me most. I need to thank her ____30____, because buying groceries has given me endless ____31____. Other than that, without question, I feel my life is ____32____; I’m optimistic and full of energy.
I woke up the next day after she ____33____ full of thankfulness for those1400+ Saturdays. I was rather sad, ____34____ I couldn’t help thinking of these rich ____35____ and was amazed at the magical power of our staying together for such a long time.
16. A. range B. award C. pressure D. character
17. A. applied B. explored C. argued D. followed
18. A. possess B. change C. repair D. take
19. A. calming B. improving C. using D. focusing
20. A. breathing B. contacting C. cleaning D. polluting
21. A. impressive B. first C. curious D. odd
22. A. hotel B. airport C. appointment D. bank
23. A. treatment B. test C. payment D. respect
24. A. realized B. ignored C. aimed D. contained
25. A. continued B. reminded C. happened D. offered
26. A. always B. never C. seldom D. once
27. A. countless B. slim C. boring D. familiar
28. A. result B. behavior C. choice D. gift
29. A. reflected B. touched C. confused D. impacted
30. A. actually B. eventually C. visibly D. gradually
31. A. feature B. event C. fun D. detail
32. A. aware B. significant C. necessary D. informal
33. A. gave up B. passed out C. fell behind D. passed away
34. A. since B. but C. or D. so
35. A. moments B. messages C. thoughts D. resources
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者帮助得了胃癌的邻居每个周六去购物，邻居感谢作者，而作者也从中得到了很多乐趣，变得乐观，充满活力。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：良好的感觉可以大幅减轻压力，释放身体的天然止痛药内啡肽，随之而来的是较长一段时间的情绪改善。A. range范围；B. award奖励；C. pressure压力；D. character性格。根据上文“Helping others creates a ‘helper’s’ extreme pleasure”以及后文提到帮助他人可以改善情绪，可见帮助别人的感觉可以减压，改善情绪。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：良好的感觉可以大幅减轻压力，释放身体的天然止痛药内啡肽，随之而来的是较长一段时间的情绪改善。A. applied应用；B. explored探索；C. argued争论；D. followed跟随。根据后文“by a longer period of improved emotional well-being”可知，良好的感觉可以大幅减轻压力，释放身体的天然止痛药内啡肽，随之而来的是较长一段时间的情绪改善。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的邻居英格丽德没有车。A. possess拥有；B. change改变；C. repair修理；D. take带走。根据宾语car可知此处指拥有车，应用动词possess。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不是钱的问题，而是因为她认为乘坐公共交通比成千上万的汽车挤在路上污染空气要好。A. calming冷静；B. improving改善；C. using使用；D. focusing集中。根据后文“public transportation”指乘坐公共交通，故选C。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不是钱的问题，而是因为她认为乘坐公共交通比成千上万的汽车挤在路上污染空气要好。A. breathing呼吸；B. contacting联系；C. cleaning清理；D. polluting污染。根据后文“the air”以及常识，可知汽车会污染空气。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天前，我带着英格丽德去看了一位癌症专家，她的表现令人印象深刻。A. impressive印象深刻的；B. first第一的；C. curious好奇的；D. odd奇怪的。根据后文“visit to a cancer specialist”指一次看医生的令人印象深刻的经历，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被诊断出患有胃癌，需要有人开车送她去医院，在医生解释治疗方案时做记录。A. hotel宾馆；B. airport机场；C. appointment预约；D. bank银行。根据后文“and take notes while the doctor explained”可知是开车送她去医院赴约，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被诊断出患有胃癌，需要有人开车送她去医院，在医生解释治疗方案时做记录。A. treatment治疗；B. test测试；C. payment支付；D. respect尊重。根据上文“and take notes while the doctor explained”可知，医生在解释治疗方案。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道英格丽德面临着什么，意识到她不应该坐公共汽车去杂货店。A. realized意识到；B. ignored忽视；C. aimed旨在；D. contained包含。根据后文“she shouldn’t be going to the grocery store on the bus”可知，作者得知了邻居的身体情况，意识到她不该再坐公交汽车了。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提出星期六早上带她去购物。A. continued继续；B. reminded提醒；C. happened发生；D. offered提议。根据后文“I did so and we became good friends.(我这样做了，我们成为了好朋友)”可知，作者提议周六带她去购物，也确实这样做了。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得生活从未如此幸福过。A. always总是；B. never从不；C. seldom几乎不；D. once曾经。根据后文“felt the life was even happier”可知，此处为“否定词+比较级”相当于最高级含义。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有无数的周六购物旅行和一起吃早餐。A. countless无数的；B. slim苗条的；C. boring无聊的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“for those 1400+ Saturdays”可知有无数个周六他们一起去购物。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个星期六都是另一份礼物，我渴望它的到来。A. result结果；B. behavior行为；C. choice选择；D. gift礼物。根据后文“and I longed for its arrival”可知，作者渴望周六，认为每个周六都是一份礼物。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话深深打动了我。A. reflected反射；B. touched感动；C. confused困惑；D. impacted影响。根据上文“Carrie, maybe, it was destiny that tied us together. I would have died 30 years ago without you.(凯莉，也许是命运把我们绑在了一起。如果没有你，我三十年前就死了)”可知，邻居的话打动了作者，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：其实我要谢谢她，因为买杂货给了我无尽的乐趣。A. actually实际上；B. eventually最终；C. visibly明显地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文“I need to thank her”可知，作者得到了邻居的感谢，而作者实际上想要感谢邻居。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其实我要谢谢她，因为买杂货给了我无尽的乐趣。A. feature特点；B. event事件；C. fun乐趣；D. detail细节。根据上文“felt the life was even happier”可知，作者从周六购物中得到了乐趣。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除此之外，毫无疑问，我觉得我的生活是有意义的；我很乐观，充满活力。A. aware意识到的；B. significant意义重大的；C. necessary必要的；D. informal非正式的。根据后文“I’m optimistic and full of energy.”可知，作者积极乐观，认为自己的生活有意义。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她去世后的第二天，我醒来时对那1400多个星期六充满了感激。A. gave up放弃；B. passed out昏迷；C. fell behind落后；D. passed away去世。根据后文“I was rather sad”可知，邻居最终因为癌症去世了。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我很难过，但我忍不住想起这些丰富的时刻，并对我们在一起这么长时间的神奇力量感到惊讶。A. since自从；B. but但是；C. or或者；D. so所以。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用but。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很难过，但我忍不住想起这些丰富的时刻，并对我们在一起这么长时间的神奇力量感到惊讶。A. moments时刻；B. messages信息；C. thoughts想法；D. resources资源。根据上文“I couldn’t help thinking of these rich”以及作者每周六都和邻居去购物，所以是回想这些时刻。故选A。
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Heroes Stamp Design Competition
Welcome to the Heroes Stamp Design Competition! Children aged 4-14years are invited to design a stamp. Eight designs will be chosen for this stamp series from the Royal Mail. One of the designs could be yours. There are 120 great prizes on offer for area winners and runners-up. Plus, cash prizes for the winning schools too.
Stamp Designing
The stamp design will be based on your hero or heroes of the coronavirus pandemic. The past year has been very difficult for so many people. There are countless frontline workers and volunteers who have continued to work tirelessly to keep the country moving.
Being a stamp designer is a very skilled job. One of the jobs of a stamp designer is to reduce the size of a picture to fit the stamp. When designing your stamp, have a think about what kind of image of your hero or heroes would make a good miniature (微型的) design for a stamp. The final stamps produced will be about 3.7cm wide x 3.5cm high.
Things to consider
? Your stamp design must be drawn on the official competition entry form(报名表) which your teacher will give you.
? Your design must be your own original work.
? Drawings must be flat, so please don’t stick any materials or textures (纹理) to your design.
? Please use lots of colour (no black and white images) in your design.
? Please avoid using highlighter pens(荧光笔).
Good Luck
The closing date for the competition is 28th May. Please ask your teacher, or parent, for one of the official entry forms. You’re then ready to start designing! We can’t wait to see all of the amazing designs from gifted children across the country.
Good Luck!
36. Who would probably take part in the competition?
A. Students. B. Doctors.
C. School teachers. D. Professional designers.
37. What do we know about the competition?
A. It will begin on 28th May.
B. It is for a series of four stamps.
C. It asks competitors to honour heroes on their stamps.
D. It will provide each competing school with cash prizes.
38. What’s the requirement for the size of your stamps?
A. About 3.5cm wide x 3.5cm high. B. About 3.7cm wide x 3.7cm high.
C. About 3.5cm wide x 3.7cm high. D. About 3.7cm wide x 3.5cm high.
39. What is a requirement for the stamp design?
A. It should be black and white.
B. It should be drawn with highlighter pens.
C. It should be flat with textures.
D. It should be drawn on a given form.
40. The author writes the text mainly to .
A. advertise for some newly issued stamps B. send a notice about designing stamps
C. call on people to respect modern heroes D. encourage people to be frontline workers
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章是一则通知。介绍了面向4到14岁孩子的邮票设计大赛。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Welcome to the Heroes Stamp Design Competition! Children aged 4-14years are invited to design a stamp.( 欢迎参加英雄邮票设计大赛！我们邀请4-14岁的儿童来设计一张邮票)”可知，4到14岁的孩子应是以学生居多，因此推断学生们很可能参加这场比赛。故选A。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The stamp design will be based on your hero or heroes of the coronavirus pandemic. ( 邮票的设计将基于你的一个英雄或多个冠状病毒大流行期间的英雄。)”可知，比赛要求参与者在邮票上纪念英雄。故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The final stamps produced will be about 3.7cm wide x 3.5cm high.( 最后发行的邮票宽约3.7厘米，高约3.5厘米。)”可知，邮票的尺寸要求为3.7*3.5，故选D。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据部分的“Your stamp design must be drawn on the official competition entry form(报名表) which your teacher will give you. (你的邮票设计必须画在你的老师发给你的正式比赛参赛表格上。)”可知，邮票应该画在给予的表格上。故选D。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Welcome to the Heroes Stamp Design Competition! Children aged 4-14years are invited to design a stamp. Eight designs will be chosen for this stamp series from the Royal Mail. One of the designs could be yours. There are 120 great prizes on offer for area winners and runners-up. Plus, cash prizes for the winning schools too.(欢迎参加英雄邮票设计比赛!邀请4-14岁的小朋友设计邮票。英国皇家邮政将为这套邮票挑选八款设计。其中一个设计可能是你的。有120个伟大的奖品提供给地区冠军和亚军。此外，获奖学校也会获得现金奖励。)”可推断，文章讲述的是一次邮票设计大赛的相关事宜，因此推断作者的目的是发送关于邮票设计的通知。故选B。
B
A few weeks ago, my teenage daughter failed a test. She was embarrassed, angry, anxious and there were tears in her eyes. This grade might prevent her from qualifying for the next key class she wanted to take.
She took some time to complain to me. Then I saw something interesting. She calmed herself down by making a joke. She expressed thankfulness that she didn’t have bigger problems. Then she made a plan to talk to her teacher to improve her skills. This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago, the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad.
We expect our kids to learn and grow, but many of them will also grow through adversity (逆境), and even thrive (茁壮成长) after trauma (创伤). Psychologists call it post-traumatic growth. Trauma, defined as an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, attack, natural disaster, or other life-changing happenings, is painful and even can be harmful. Trauma does leave its mark, but the mark may not be all bad and there can also be growth.
In one study, researchers surveyed nearly 385 people who experienced financial adversity during the pandemic lockdown (疫情封锁), even while working full-time. These people are also the parents or primary caregivers or young children who were being homeschooled. And those surveyed had either been sick with COVID-19 or had a loved one with the disease. Despite all of this adversity, 88 percent of the people surveyed said they now have stronger family relationships and a greater appreciation for life. Some said they experienced spiritual growth and 11 percent reported they discovered new opportunities.
Hardship makes us adapt, respond, and find other ways to solve it. When we do, we become not only able to heal the trauma associated with it but also thrive again. We build up confidence and experience that will help us the next time we face adversity.
41. What can we know about the author’s daughter?
A. She lost heart after failing the test.
B. She was very anxious about the coming test.
C. She changed a lot with the help of the author.
D. She may lose the chance of attending an important class.
42. What does the author think of his daughter after the test?
A. She grew up.
B. She should learn to handle disappointment.
C. She suffered severe trauma.
D. She was avoiding responsibility.
43. What can we know from Paragraph 3?
A. Post-traumatic growth is the result of emotional injuries.
B. Traumatic experiences have both advantages and disadvantages.
C. Traumatic experiences hold back kids’ psychological growth.
D. One will not make a positive change without experiencing trauma.
44. What did most surveyed people have in common?
A. They benefited from the adversity.
B. They made a good recovery from COVID-19.
C. They were good at controlling their emotions.
D. They grasped new chances in their career.
45. Which would be the best title for this text?
A. Help children build up confidence B. Trauma leaves a mark on children
C. Uncover the good in the bad D. Avoid the adversity in a positive way
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己女儿和新冠患者从不幸中有所收获告诉读者要善于从不幸的遭遇中发现积极向上的一面，要知道坏中有好。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“This grade might prevent her from qualifying for the next key class she wanted to take.(这个成绩可能会使她无法参加她想参加的下一个关键课程)”可知这次考试没通过会使得她没有机会参加重要的课程。故选D项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago, the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad.(这与几年前我看到的那个失望的孩子相比，是一个巨大的变化，那个曾经不愿意承担责任并责怪他人的孩子，这表明她已经长大了，懂得了坏中有好)”可知，作者觉得这次失败的考试之后，她的女儿长大了。故选A项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Trauma does leave its mark, but the mark may not be all bad and there can also be growth.(创伤确实留下了印记，但印记可能不全是坏的，也可能带来成长)”可知，作者认为创伤带来坏处的同时也能带来好处。故选B项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句“Despite all of this adversity, 88 percent of the people surveyed said they now have stronger family relationships and a greater appreciation for life.（尽管经历了这些不幸，88%的受调查者表示，他们现在有了更牢固的家庭关系，对生活有了更大的感激)”可知，大多数人从不幸中获益。故选A项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者通过自己女儿和新冠患者从不幸中有所收获告诉读者要善于从不幸的遭遇中发现积极向上的一面，要知道坏中有好。结合第二段的“This was a great change from the kid I was watching deal with disappointment a few years ago, the one who once was unwilling to take responsibility and blamed others, which shows she has grown up and understood the good in the bad.(这与几年前我看到的那个失望的孩子相比，是一个巨大的变化，那个曾经不愿意承担责任并责怪他人的孩子，这表明她已经长大了，懂得了坏中有好)”和最后一段的“We build up confidence and experience that will help us the next time we face adversity.(我们建立信心和经验，这将在我们下次面对逆境时帮助我们)”可知，选项C“Uncover the good in the bad(揭露坏事中好的一面)”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C项。
C
Turning 18 is a big deal when you are a teenager. It means you are responsible for yourself and don’t need your parents’ permission any more. However, there are lots of opinions about when one becomes an adult. Some are based on science, while others are personal opinions. While currently the age is 18, science supports 25 as a more sensible age for adulthood, and I agree.
While studying the brain of teenagers, scientists have learned that when kids are around 18, their prefrontal cortex(前额皮层) is only halfway developed. The prefrontal-cortex helps people set and achieve goals by receiving signals from different regions of the brain to process information and adapting accordingly. That halfway development means that you still have things to learn and your brains still have time to develop until the age of 25.
Some people think going off to college and living on your own qualify(使...具有资格)you as an adult, while others may believe having a steady income and being able to afford to live on your own are what make you an adult. Not everyone has a fortunate life where they have family that can provide support; there are situations where you are forced to become an “adult” whether you like it or not.
In the foster care(寄养) system, once a child turns 18, he or she is considered an adult and can no longer receive state-sponsored support. These children are forced into a life where they have no family or anyone to support them other than those who were there for them in the system.
Having a quality job will allow you to supply yourself with necessary things to live and help you become a more mature and responsible person. Also, going through difficult times and realizing life isn’t as easy as it seems, should qualify someone as an adult.
46. What is the author’s attitude toward considering 25 as an age for adulthood?
A. Cautious. B. Uncaring. C. Doubtful. D. positive
47. How does the prefrontal cortex work to help people set and achieve goals?
A. By dealing with received signals and responding accordingly.
B By collecting information from other parts of the body.
C. By sending instructions to different regions of the brain.
D. By transporting sensed emotions and making records.
48 What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?
A. Give a definition of adulthood.
B. Stress the importance of family support.
C. Prove not everyone lives a fortunate life.
D. Show opinion on becoming an adult is divided.
49. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Families. B. Children in the foster system.
C. Workers in the foster system. D. Adults.
50. What is one standard qualifying you as an adult according to the author?
A. Setting up a family.
B. Being responsible for your study.
C. Accepting and learning from the low moments in life.
D. Buying yourself quality things to live.
【答案】46. D 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一个人什么时候算是成年了，人们有着不同的观点，有些观点是根据科学，而有些是个人观点。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句话“While currently the age is 18, science supports 25 as a more sensible age for adulthood, and I agree.（虽然目前的年龄是18岁，但科学支持25岁是更明智的成年年龄，我同意这一观点）”可知，对于将25岁视为成年年龄，作者是持肯定态度的。故选D项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句话“The prefrontal-cortex helps people set and achieve goals by receiving signals from different regions of the brain to process information and adapting accordingly.（前额叶皮层通过接收来自大脑不同区域的信号来处理信息，从而帮助人们设定和实现目标）”可知，前额叶皮层要处理来自大脑不同区域的信息，并根据这些信息帮助人们设定和实现目标。故选A项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的内容“Some people think going off to college and living on your own qualify(使...具有资格)you as an adult, while others may believe having a steady income and being able to afford to live on your own are what make you an adult. Not everyone has a fortunate life where they have family that can provide support; there are situations where you are forced to become an ‘adult’ whether you like it or not.（有些人认为上大学并独立生活才算成年，而另一些人则认为有稳定的收入、有能力独立生活才算成年。 不是每个人都能有家人提供支持的幸运生活; 有些情况下，不管你喜欢与否，你都被迫成为一个‘成年人’）”可以推论出，此处作者是为了表明对于什么时候算是成年人了，人们的观点是有分歧的。故选D项。
【49题详解】
词义猜测题。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的代词“those”指的是寄养系统中为孩子们提供帮助的人，那么他们帮助的肯定是哪些无家可归的孩子。所以划线单词them指的是上文提到的these children。故选B项。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句话“Also, going through difficult times and realizing life isn’t as easy as it seems, should qualify someone as an adult.（此外，经历困难时期并意识到生活并不像看上去那么容易，可以让一个人成为成年人）”可知，在生活中经历了低谷时期，且能从中学习的人，算是成年人了。故选C项。
第Ⅱ卷(共40分)
第四部分：写作(共三节，满分40分)
第一节：阅读表达(满分10分)
阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题。
Volunteering takes up our time, energy, and sometimes money. It can be hard work. It can find us doing and seeing new things, which can be challenging and even a little scary. So why does anyone even go there?
On the one hand, volunteering is good for others. The world is not a perfect place, and many people, animals, places, and communities need help. Governments and professionals try to meet everyone’s needs, but it’s impossible for them to do it all. This is why people become volunteers: they can make a difference where someone or something needs help. If people never help each other and only care about themselves, the world becomes a crueler, sadder place. But when we volunteer our time, money or talents, we help to make our planet a better, happier home where people cooperate to make life easier for all.
Actually, volunteers and volunteer groups can do many things. They can bring food to hungry people; they can find homes or clothes for those who need them; they can protect wildlife and natural areas; they can bring comfort and happiness to lonely people; and they can help people learn to read or do better in school.
On the other hand, volunteering is good for you. Are you thinking, “What’s in it for me?” The answer is, plenty! Here are some of the things you might get in return for your giving. You may make new friends; you may gain important skills and experience that will help you later in life; you may make connections that can lead to a job or career; you may have fun. And most importantly, you may feel like you are part of a community!
Hey…it looks like being a volunteer gives as much good stuff to you as it does to the people, places, or animals you’re trying to help! That’s the secret of volunteering. People who become volunteers usually lead richer, happier, and more satisfying lives than those who don’t volunteer.
51. Why do some people want to be volunteers according to Paragraph2? (no more than10 words)
52. What’s the 3rd paragraph mainly about? (no more than 10 words)
53. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “cooperate” in paragraph 2? (no more than 5 words)
54. What will a volunteer’s life be like compared with those who don’t volunteer? (no more than 10 words)
55. What do you think of volunteering? (no more than 20 words)
【答案】51. To make a difference where someone or something needs help.
52. Volunteers and volunteer groups can do many things / Things people can do as volunteers.
53. Work together.
54. Richer, happier, and more satisfying./ It will be richer, happier, and more satisfying.
55. I think it’s good. Being volunteers, we can get a lot in return for our giving.
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了成为志愿者和参与志愿组织的好处。
【详解】1.考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“This is why people become volunteers: they can make a difference where someone or something needs help.（这就是为什么人们成为志愿者：当某人或某事需要帮助时，他们可以发挥作用。）”可知，人们想要成为志愿者是希望自己能在某人或某物需要帮助时发挥作用。故答案为To make a difference where someone or something needs help.
2.考查主旨大意。根据文章第三段“Actually, volunteers and volunteer groups can do many things.（事实上，志愿者和志愿者组织可以做很多事情。）”可知，第三段描述志愿者和志愿组织能做许多事情，并描述了对应的事情。故答案为Volunteers and volunteer groups can do many things / Things people can do as volunteers.
3.考查词义猜测。根据文章第二段“If people never help each other and only care about themselves, the world becomes a crueler, sadder place. But when we volunteer our time, money or talents, we help to make our planet a better, happier home（如果人们从不互相帮助，只关心自己，这个世界就会变得更加残酷，更加悲伤。但当我们自愿奉献我们的时间、金钱或才华时，我们帮助我们的地球成为一个更美好、更幸福的家园）”可知，cooperate与only care about themselves意思相反，此处表示与他人一起“协作、合作”。故答案为Work together.
4.考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“People who become volunteers usually lead richer, happier, and more satisfying lives than those who don’t volunteer.（那些成为志愿者的人通常比那些不做志愿者的人过着更富有、更快乐、更满意的生活。）”可知，与不进行志愿活动的人相比，志愿者的生活会变得更富有、更快乐、更令人满意。故答案为Richer, happier, and more satisfying./ It will be richer, happier, and more satisfying.
5.考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段“Hey…it looks like being a volunteer gives as much good stuff to you as it does to the people, places, or animals you’re trying to help!（ 嘿... 看起来志愿者给你的好东西，和给你想帮助的人，地方，动物的一样多 ）”并结合全文大意可知，本文描写了做志愿活动的好处，因此，可以先说明志愿活动是有好处的，并说明原因，如，作为志愿者，我们可以从付出中得到很多回报。故答案为I think it’s good. Being volunteers, we can get a lot in return for our giving.
第二节：单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面各句，并根据提示用词汇的适当形式填空。
56. I was f________ at the sight of the test paper.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】frightened##rightened
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一看到测试卷，我感到一阵害怕。根据句子分析可知，此处应用形容词做表语，且主语为I，故应用修饰人的形容词frightened“感到害怕的”，表示人的感受，故填frightened。
57. Lisa g________ from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】graduated##raduated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：丽莎去年6月从我们学校毕业，将去纽约上大学。graduate from从……毕业。根据时间状语last June可知，用一般过去时。结合首字母提示及句意，故填graduated。
58. As the car a____________ the town center, several tall buildings came into view. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】approached##pproached
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当汽车驶近市中心时，几座高楼映入眼帘。根据单词首字母以及句意“靠近”可知应填动词approach，结合后文came可知为一般过去时。故填approached。
59. It’s normal for us to feel uneasy in the u________ surroundings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】unfamiliar##nfamiliar
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们在陌生的环境中感到不安是正常的。根据句意和所给首字母u以及空格后的名词surroundings可知，空格处应该填入一个以字母u开头的形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词surroundings，且意义为“陌生的”。故填unfamiliar。
60. The task was completed later than the boss had i________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】insisted##nsisted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：任务完成的时间比老板要求的要晚。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前had构成过去完成时。根据汉语意思，此处表示“强烈要求”用insist。故填insisted。
61. ______(挑战)like this might sometimes put you under pressure. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Challenges
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这样的挑战有时会给你带来压力。句中用名词形式作主语。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据谓语动词put可知，名词用复数形式。结合汉语提示及句意，故填Challenges。
62. As a leading（最杰出的）expert in this field, he was invited to give some____________（专业的）advice. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】professional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为这一领域的权威专家，他应邀提供了一些专业建议。professional，形容词，意义为“专业的”。故填professional。
63. A balanced diet and enough exercise are_________ (显然) important to our health. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】obviously##apparently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：均衡的饮食和充足的运动显然对我们的健康很重要。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空格处应该填入一个副词作状语，且意义为“显然”。故填obviously/apparently。
64. When the fire broke out，office workers in the building ran and fled in________ (惊慌). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】panic
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：火灾发生时，大楼里的办公人员惊慌失措地四处逃窜。句中使用名词作宾语，表示“惊慌，恐慌”用panic。故填panic。
65. The lecture lasted two hours and some audience had to stand________ (自始至终) the process. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】throughout
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：讲座持续了两个小时，一些听众在整个过程中不得不站着。根据句意和汉语提示以及空格后的名词the process可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“自始至终”。故填throughout。
第三节：书面表达(满分20分)
66. 假如你是新华中学学生李津，你的美国笔友Tom听说你升入高中，想了解你的近况，请用英语给Tom写一封信，描述一下你的近况。内容包括：
1．你对新学校、新班级的印象;
2．你对高中生活的感受和打算;
3．你对Tom的想念和对友谊的理解。
注意：1．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
2．词数不少于100词(信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。
Dear Tom,
How are you? I am a student in Xinhua High School now.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Lin Jin
【答案】Dear Tom,
How are you? I am a student in Xinhua High School now. It has been half a year since I became a senior one student. I feel it an honor to be a student here, because there are many excellent teachers and outstanding students. I’m also fond of the learning environment here, where we can compete and learn from each other.
In the coming new year, I’ll study harder. In addition, I’ll learn to share housework with my parents who give all their love and care to me. I miss you so much that I will remember our extraordinary and beautiful memories. And I think friendship, which means friends should help each other and make the future better, really matters in our life. I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Lin Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Tom写信介绍你的高中生活。内容包括：你对新学校、新班级的印象；你对高中生活的感受和打算；你对Tom的想念和对友谊的理解。
【详解】1.词汇积累
许多：many→numerous
此外：in addition → what’s more
极好的：excellent→ outstanding/extraordinary
接下来的一年：the coming year→ the following year
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In the coming new year, I’ll study harder. 
拓展句：In the coming new year, I am sure that I’ll study harder.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m also fond of the learning environment here, where we can compete and learn from each other.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】In addition, I’ll learn to share housework with my parents who give all their love and care to me.（运用了who引导的定语从句）