备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练（广东专用）突破 07 形容词副词词义辨析

这是一份备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练（广东专用）突破 07 形容词副词词义辨析，文件包含备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练广东专用突破07形容词副词词义辨析解析版docx、备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练广东专用突破07形容词副词词义辨析原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共15页， 欢迎下载使用。
 一、考点总结 考点一、形容词的分类分类说明性质形容词用于表示人或物所具有的性质。在英语中，大量的形容词属于这一类别，多数有比较级和最高级，有程度大小的区别，可以使用程度副词修饰。funny滑稽的，lovely可爱的，healthy健康的类别形容词用于阐明人或事物所属的特定类别。这一类形容词往往没有程度大小的区别、没有比较级和最高级，而且不使用程度副词修饰。financial经济的，mental脑力的，cultural文化的颜色形容词用于表示事物颜色的形容词。这一类形容词没有比较级和最高级。blue蓝色的，green绿色的，white白色的叙述形容词这类形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。afraid害怕的，alone单独的，asleep睡着的，worth值得的，ill病的分词形容词英语中有些表情感态度的动词，如excite，worry，其过去分词和现在分词可形容词化，即相当于形容词。worried担优的，worrying令人担忧的，exciting令人兴奋的，excited感到兴奋的复合形容词指的是由几个词共同构成并起形容词作用的词。three-year-old三岁的，ordinary-looking相貌普通的，middle-aged中年的考点二、形容词的句法功能成分说明例句作定语一般放在所修饰词的前面It’s a cold and windy day today. 今天是个寒冷、有风的天气。作表语放在系动词的后面He looks happy today. 他今天看上去很开心。做补足语作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的性质、状态或特征I think it impossible for him to finish the work before dark. 我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成这一工作。作状语主要表示原因、伴随或方式Hungry and tired, I had to stop to have a rest. 又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。【知识拓展】1. 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。Would you like something hot to drink? 你想喝点热的东西吗？There is nothing important in the paper. 报上没什么重要的事情。2. 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。The bridge is about two hundred metres long. 这座桥长约两百米。Last year we built a building thirteen storeys high. 去年，我们盖了一栋十三层高的楼。3. 多个形容词作定语时的顺序排列：限定词(冠词、数词、代词等)→描绘性形容词→大、小(长、短、高、低)形容词→形状形容词→年龄(新、旧)形容词→颜色形容词、国籍形容词、材料形容词、用途(类别)形容词、名词。【巧记顺口溜】限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。a Chinese writing desk 一张中式写字桌her charming small round pink face 她迷人的小而圆的粉红脸蛋those beautiful little old Chinese earthen vases 那些漂亮小巧的中国古代花瓶考点三、副词的基本用法1.副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为：方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never否定副词：no，not，neither，nor疑问副词：where，how，why其他：also，too，only2.副词的基本用法：（1）副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词,一般放在被修饰词之前.He plays the piano very well .（2）副词是用来修饰动词,常放在动词之后.He got up quickly（3）enough 修饰adj /adv 时,放在其后.He is old enough to go to school .3.常见副词用法辨析（1）already与yet的区别already用于肯定句句中，表示“已经”；yet用于否定句句末，表示“还”，用于疑问句句末，表示“已经”He had_____left when I called.Have you found your ruler______？（2）very，much和very much.的区别very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级；修饰动词要用very much.John is ____ honest.This garden is_____ bigger than that one.Thank you _____.（3）so与such的区别so修饰形容词或副词；such 修饰名词，My brotherruns so fast that I can’t follow him.He is such a boy.so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词He is ___ clever a boy.=He is ____ a clever boy.It is____cold weather. They are _____good students.　　名词前有many ,much, few ,little (少量的) 用so 不用such .(多多少少仍用so) 但little 表示 “小的” 用such.There are ___ little sheep on the hill .（4）also，too，as well与either 的区别also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is ____a teacher.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher ______.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，_____.I can’t speak French…… Jenny can’t speak French，_____.（5）sometime，sometimes，some time与some times的区别sometime：表示将来的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。sometimes：有时，不时的= at times some time：一段时间some times：几次，几倍We’ll have a test ______next month._____ we are busy and sometimes we are not.He stayed in Beijing for _____ last year.I have been to Beijing ______.（6）ago与before的区别ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用。before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成时连用，可以单独使用。I saw him ten minutes _______.He told me that he had seen the film______.（7）now，just与just now的区别now：与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用，意为“现在”just：与现在完成时连用，表示“刚……”just now：和过去时连用，表示“刚才”Where does he live______？We have _______ seen the film. He was here______. （8）lonely / alone 的区别alone 独自一人/没有同伴, 既可作adj 也可作adv.lonely 表示孤独,寂寞, 也可修饰地点,表示荒凉,偏僻的，常与feel 连用。alone 只作表语 (以a开头的形容词一般只作表语,不作定语)而lonely 既可作表语,也可作定语) He lives _____ on a _____ island . He is _____ ,but he doesn’t feel ______.（9）fast /quickly /soon 的区别. fast 表示速度之快 quickly表示动作之快 soon表示时间之快 I’m leaving home this afternoon . Really ? Why so ______?A.fast  B.soon  C.quickly  D.early 二、考点突破一．单项选择(　　)1. I think I am the      . person for the job, ” he wrote.  A. right   B. kind    C. important   D. favorite解析：A  句意：我认为我是这个工作的合适人选，他写道。 A. right正确的B. kind善良的 C.important 重要的D. favorite最喜欢的。故答案选A。(　　)2.As years went by, Mr. Smith       his look.         was bored of B. was relaxed about C. was excited about D. was pleased with解析：A 句意：随着时间的流逝，史密斯先生对自己的长相感到厌烦。
was bored of对……感到厌倦；was relaxed about轻松看待……；was excited about对……感到兴奋；was pleased with对……感到满意。根据下文“At last, Mr. Smith went out of the shop with a small nose, long hair and two new ears.”可知史密斯先生换了自己的鼻子、头发和耳朵，由此推出他是对自己的长相感到厌烦了。故选A。(　　)3.Small noses were very         these years. A. popular B. similar C. strange D. useful解析：A  句意：这几年小鼻子很受欢迎。
popular受欢迎的；similar相似的；strange奇怪的；useful有用的。上文讲到史密斯先生要换个小鼻子，可推出小鼻子受欢迎，用popular符合题意。故选A。(　　)4.After that, he looked very young for his age, and  ______ different.A. still           B. never          C. usually         D. almost解析：A 句意：但是她仍然生安娜的气。考查副词和语境。still仍然， never从不， usually通常，almost几乎；根据I’m not giving it back to her today. I’m too mad at her,可知是仍然生她的气；故选A。(　　)5.But when he looked down at his bowl, he found   54   that most water was gone. A． lazily     B．sadly         C．luckily        D．excitedly解析：B 考查副词．A懒惰的．B伤心地．C幸运地．D兴奋地．句意"但当他低头看碗时，他__发现大部分的水都不见了．"．可知，应该是"伤心地"．选B．二．语法选择(  形容词、副词专练  )“Who did this？” asked my teacher   1  .Thirty children tired to think   2   about not only what they had done， but also what our teacher might have found out.      “Who did this？” she asked again.She wasn’t really asking.   3  ，she was demanding an answer.She   4    became angry， but she was this time.She held up a piece of   5   glass and asked,“Who broke the window？”       “Oh， oh!” I thought.I was the one who broke the window. I did not do it on purpose.It was caused by a  6    throw of a baseball.Why did it have to be me？ If I admitted it， I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that？ I didn't want to raise my hand， but something   7   than me pulled me up.“I did it.” Then I was   8   .      My teacher went to the bookshelf and took down a book.She then began walking to my desk.I feared she was going to punish me.  My teacher went to the bookshelf and took down a book.She then began walking to my desk.I feared she was going to punish me.      “I know how you like birds，” she said as she stood looking down at my face   9     .“Here is a book about birds. It is yours now. You will not be punished. But remember, it's only for your truthfulness.”       I was   10   at what had happened! I wasn't punished and I was getting a book—the very one that I had been saving up all my money to buy!(     )1. A.angry        B.angrily          C.angrier         D.more angrily(     )2.A.hard         B.hardly           C.easy           D.easily(     )3.A.Suddenly     B.Actually         C.Especially       D.Recently(     )4.A.always       B.usually          C.sometimes       D.seldom(     )5.A.break        B.breaking         C.broken          D.broke(     )6.A.good         B.well            C.bad            D.badly(     )7.A.strong        B.stronger         C.weak           D.weaker(     )8.A.silent        B.silently          C.noisy            D.noisily(     )9.A.careless      B.carelessly        C.careful           D.carefully(     )10.A.surprise     B.suprised          C.surprising        D.surprises解析：这篇短文中的作者失手打碎了教室的玻璃，一开始不想承认。最后承认了错误，不但没有收到惩罚，反而因此受到了老师的奖励。从而告诉我们诚实人才是聪明人。1．句意：这是谁干的？””老师生气的问。修饰动词ask,用副词angrily . 故选B。2．句意：三十个孩子不仅努力想着他们做了什么，而且想着我们的老师可能发现了什么。努力地，修饰动词think，故选A。3．根据上一句，“这是谁干的？””她又问道。她并没有真正地问她。推断这句话老师只想要一个回答。故选B4．根据句意，她几乎没有生气，但这次她还是生气了，表示否定的用seldom. 故选D。5．句意：她拿起一块破碎玻璃，问道：“谁打碎了窗户？”破碎的用broken 。故选B。6．根据本句可知是作者扔棒球打碎的玻璃，只能是“糟糕的一投”。糟糕的是bad。故选C。7．根据句意，我不想举起我的手，但是有一些比我更强大的东西把我拉了起来。than提示用比较级，更强大的用stronger. 故选B8．根据句意，“我干的。”然后我保持沉默。was后面用形容词silent .故选A。9．根据句意，“我知道你是多么喜欢鸟，”她说着，站着低头仔细地看着我的脸。仔细地，修饰动词look,用carefully. 故选D。10根据句意，我对所发生的事感觉到惊讶，令人惊讶的用suprised. 故选D。三．完形填空(  形容词、副词专练  )David received a parrot for his birthday.The parrot had a poor vocabulary(  词汇量  ), and many were not 　1　.David tried 　2　 to change the bird’s words and was often saying polite words, playing soft music, trying anything he could think of to set a 　3　 example.But nothing worked.He shouted at the bird and the bird just got 　4　 and became even less polite.Finally, without any hope, David put the parrot in the freezer.For a few moments he heard the bird kick(  踢  ) and cry 　5　 in it.Then suddenly it was quiet—not a sound for half a minute.David was 　6　 that he might have hurt the bird and quickly opened the freezer door.The parrot 　7　 stepped out onto David’s arm and said,“I believe that I may have made you angry with me about my 　8　 language and actions.I will try my best at once to be polite.I am really 　9　 and beg your pardon.” David was surprised at the bird’s change, and he was just to ask what had made such a 　10　 change when the parrot went on saying, “May I ask what the chicken in the freezer did?” (      )1.A.interesting    B.bad      C.beautiful     D.polite(      )2.A.hard        B.hardly  C.completely     D.angrily(      )3.A.good        B.bad   C.same         D.different(      )4.A.sick        B.bored  C.angry         D.lost(      )5.A.easily        B.loudly  C.slowly     D.wisely(      )6.A.happy        B.excited   C.angry     D.frightened(      )7.A.quietly    B.angrily   C.impolitely D.happily(      )8.A.polite        B.impolite   C.good         D.noisy(      )9.A.sorry       B.noisy   C.free        D.important(      )10.A.little       B.surprising   C.difficult    D.good解析：  根据下一句，大卫试图改变这只鸟的话，并经常说一些礼貌的话，推断出这个空要用polite.句子意思：这只鹦鹉的词汇量很差（词汇量），许多不是礼貌的。答案：D  根据句意，大卫努力试图改变这只鸟的话，并经常说一些礼貌的话，因此要用hard. 答案：A  根据句意，大卫尝试任何他能想到的事情来树立好的个榜样，因此要用good. 答案：A  根据句意，他对着那只鸟大喊大叫，而那只鸟变得很生气和更加的不礼貌。缺少生气，用angry。答案：C  根据句意，有那么一会儿，他听到了鸟的踢腿声（踢），并在里面大声的哭出来。大声地loudly修饰cry. 答案：B  根据句意，大卫很害怕，他可能伤害了这只鸟，并迅速打开了冰箱门。害怕用frightened。答案：D  根据句意，鹦鹉安静地走到大卫的手臂上说... 安静地用quietly。答案：A  根据句意，我相信我不礼貌的语言和行为让你生气，不礼貌的用impolite。答案：B