备战2023年春季英语新中考二轮复习热点透析 核心考点14 阅读理解之应用文

这是一份备战2023年春季英语新中考二轮复习热点透析 核心考点14 阅读理解之应用文，文件包含备战2023年春季英语新中考二轮复习热点透析核心考点14阅读理解之应用文解析版doc、备战2023年春季英语新中考二轮复习热点透析核心考点14阅读理解之应用文原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共19页， 欢迎下载使用。

中考英语阅读理解的内容更趋生活化、信息化、时代化，较多涉及广告等实际应用文体。应用文是贴近日常生活的文体，包括通知、广告、申请书等，形式多样，题材各异，是近年来考查得比较多的一种文体。广告应用文语言地道，多采用简单句，很少用句型结构较为复杂的长、难句，因此读起来比较容易。但是此类文章篇幅较长，信息较多，而很多是对解题来说无用的信息。因此在解题时要注意掌握技巧。
考点详解
阅读理解之应用文包含广告、招聘、咨询和建议、通知等类型的文章。
应用题的特点
解答广告图表类题，要仔细阅读表格中的内容，表格类阅读材料一般都直观地表达出所要传递的信息。考生只要能看懂各个项目的意义，即可找出所设问题的答案。这类材料一般不涉及难度太大的题目。
纵观历年各省市的中考题可以看出广告图表类的文章在阅读理解中占有相当大的比重，一般四篇阅读理解中至少有一篇是广告图表类。广告图表类的文章属于应用文的行列。
应用文有以下特点：
1、有明确的读者对象。应用文都有明确特定的读者对象。
2、有比较固定的格式。根据不同的写作内容和任务，不同的应用文有不同的、相对稳定的格式和行文方式。
3、应用文（practical writing）的主要功能是解决实际问题，语言要求简洁、平实、有条理、不罗嗦，用恰当的语言把事情说清楚即可。
4、答案均匀分布（每个小标题下出一题，不可能一个小标题下出来2道题，比方说有三个小标题，就出3道题，若四道题，最后一题是主旨题）；
5、题文不一定同序（也就是说第一题不一定就在第二题的前面，但是非应用题就是题文同序－题目出现的顺序和文中的答案的顺序是一样的）；
6、一模一样（选项和文中句子）可以选；但非应用文，一模一样绝对错，当然除了单词释义、指代、观点态度外。
7、主旨题的解法（找各个小标题的主旨，这个时候要翻译各个小标题以总结各个小标题而得出结论。）
应用文的解题方法
考生在阅读这类材料时，主要从以下方面入手：
1、是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容。
2、是推敲图画上的文字或数字，找出它们之间的关联或试图表达的含义。
3、读应用文标题、小标题，不翻译，提炼大写字母；
4、读题干，尽量翻译以便看出来a. 归类小标题，看题干属于哪个小标题；b.看题干问什么； c.扫描选项（大写字母、数字不需翻译）；
5、去短文中相应小标题下寻找答案。
真题再现
一、阅读单选
（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）
1．The pening hurs f the Sunshine Sprts Park n Sunday are ________.A．10:00-21.00B．9:00-20:00C．11:00-18 00D．10:00-19:00
2．In Sunshine Sprt Park peple can play ________.
A．tennis, basketball, badmintn and vlleyball
B．ftball, vlleyball, basketball and tennis
C．table tennis, basketball, badmintn and vlleyball
D．badmintn, baseball, tennis and basketball
3．The meaning f the underlined wrd curts in Chinese is ________.
A．运动场B．球场C．田径场D．足球场
4．T use a basketball curt fr tw hurs, the grup shuld pay ________.
A．160 yuanB．80 yuanC．240 yuanD．120 yuan
5．There are altgether(总共) ________ buses frm Park t Undergrund.
A．10B．12C．14D．16
【答案】1．D
2．A
3．B
4．C
5．D
【分析】
本文主要介绍了阳光体育公园的情况，包括开放时间，休息时间，球场信息，价格和公交路线。
1．
细节理解题。根据“Sunday 10:00-19:00”可知，周日的开放时间是10:00-19:00。故选D。
2．
细节理解题。根据“2 vlleyball curts, 2 basketball curts, 3 badmintn curts, 4 tennis curts”可知，在阳光体育公园可以打排球，篮球，羽毛球和网球。故选A。
3．
词义猜测题。根据“2 vlleyball curts, 2 basketball curts, 3 badmintn curts, 4 tennis curts”可知，“curts”指的是球场。故选B。
4．
细节理解题。根据“Basketball—120 yuan”可知，篮球场每小时是120元，2小时是240元。故选C。
5．
细节理解题。根据“(Yu can take a bus every 30 minutes) Park→Undergrund 10:30-16:00”可知，从公园到地铁一共有16趟车。故选D。
（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）Summer reading prgrammes encurage students t read in the summer hliday. Belw yu’ll find a list f summer reading prgrammes this year that will ffer yu free things like bks. Gift cards and mre.
6．This passage is abut fur summer reading prgrammes fr ________ .A．teachersB．parentsC．studentsD．nline readers
7．Students can get ________ frm Xianfeng Summer Reading Prgramme if they finish the task.
A．a free bkB．a free baseball capC．a certificateD．a discunt card
8．Amng the fur prgrammes, ________ lasts the lngest.
A．Xianfeng Summer Reading PrgrammeB．Xinhua Summer Reading Prgramme
C．Sanlian Summer Reading ChallengeD．Dangdang Summer Reading Challenge
9．Readers can get Dangdang rewards by ________.
A．reading 8 bksB．taking weekly challenges
C．filling a frm t shw the bks they readD．recrding the number f the bks they read
10．The purpse f the fur prgrammes is ________.
A．t help bkstres sell bksB．t give students sme free things
C．t shw students the imprtance f readingD．t encurage students t read mre bks
【答案】6．C
7．A
8．B
9．B
10．D
【分析】
文章是介绍了几个暑期阅读项目清单的详细情况。
6．
细节理解题。根据“Summer reading prgrammes encurage students t read in the summer hliday.”可知，阅读计划是面向学生的，故选C。
7．
细节理解题。根据“Xianfeng SummerReading Prgramme”中的信息“This year the prgramme gives ut a free bk t each child wh reads and recrds 5 bks during the summer.”可知，如果完成任务可以免费获得一本书，故选A。
8．
细节理解题。根据“Xinhua SummerReading Prgramme”中的信息“The prgramme ges n all year rund.”可知，这个计划是全年都在进行的，持续时间最长的是Xinhua SummerReading Prgramme，故选B。
9．
细节理解题。根据“Dangdang has a reading challenge where students read nline and then recrd the minutes they’ve read. They can als take weekly challenges t get rewards.”可知，学生在线阅读，然后记录他们阅读的分钟数，也可以每周接受挑战来获得奖励，故选B。
10．
主旨大意题。根据“Summer reading prgrammes encurage students t read in the summer hliday.”可知，这四个计划都是为了鼓励学生们读更多的书籍，故选D。
（2021·广东广州·中考真题）
11．This passage is mst prbably written fr ________.A．yung kidsB．parentsC．grwn-up helpersD．teachers
12．A scarecrw can be used t ________.
A．catch birdsB．surprise yur guestsC．drive dgs awayD．shw visitrs the way
13．Which shws the crrect steps t make a scarecrw?
a.Prepare all that yu need.
b.Let the bdy stand where yu want.
c.Dress up the bdy and make a head fr it.
d.Put the hat n and put the bts under the skirt.
e.Nail the bdy parts tgether accrding t the picture.
A．a-e-c-b-dB．a-e-b-c-dC．e-c-b-d-aD．e-a-c-d-b
【答案】11．A
12．B
13．A
【分析】
这是一篇应用文，文章讲述制作稻草人需要的材料，制作的步骤和用途。
11．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Yu can make ne ut f sme ld bards”及后文“Ask a grwn-up“可以用一些旧的板子做一个稻草人，你可以让成年人帮助做稻草人，可知文章是写给年轻的小孩子的。故选A 。
12．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Yu can als put a scarecrw near yur frnt dr t give visitrs a big surprise”稻草人可以放在前门附近给拜访者一个惊喜。故选B。
13．
推理判断题。根据“here are what yu need”首先准备好你需要的东西；根据 “Lay the bards n the grund.Make the shape accrding t the picture.Yu will have tw arm pieces left ver.Yu will add them later…Ask a grwn-up t nail the pieces tgether”按照图片把身体部位钉在一起；根据“Put the shirt n ”及“ Put n the skirt.Stick the pillw n tp as the head.Draw eyes, a nse and a muth n it”给稻草人穿上衣服，把枕头安在头部位置，画上眼睛，鼻子和嘴巴；根据“Stand the bdy up and put it where yu want”让身体站立起来，放在你想放的位置；根据“Put the hat n and then put the bts under the skirt ”戴上帽子，然后裙子下面穿上靴子。可知顺序是a-e-c-b-d。故选A。
（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）
根据语言材料内容选择最佳答案。
14．Yu can call t ask fr infrmatin abut cking.A．312-2372B．132-8823C．223-8721
15．If yu have time n Sunday, yu can .
A．help at the Children’s Center
B．learn hw t make pizza
C．play the guitar in the band
16．Accrding t the ntice bard, is needed in the band.
A．a girl wh can play the pian
B．a by wh can play the guitar
C．a girl wh can play the guitar
17．Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t the ntice bard?
A．Mr. Green fund a schl unifrm.
B．Mlly knws hw t make pizza.
C．Sally lst her schl ID card.
18．Where can yu find the ntice bard abve?
A．At schl.B．In the factry.C．In the shp.
【答案】14．C
15．A
16．C
17．A
18．A
【分析】
本文是四则布告。分别是需要在儿童中心帮忙的人；吉他手招聘；学习做披萨课后活动的时间；失物招领信息。
14．
细节理解题。根据“Learn t Make Pizza”及“Please call 223-8721”可知，想要学烹饪打电话给223-8721，故选C。
15．
细节理解题。根据“We need help at the Children’s Center. Are yu available n weekends”可知，如果周日有空可以在儿童中心帮忙，故选A。
16．
细节理解题。根据“We need ne guitar player t frm a five-girl band s that we can give perfrmances at the schl art festival next mnth”可知，乐队需要一个弹吉他的女孩，故选C。
17．
推理判断题。根据“I fund a schl unifrm n the playgrund”及“Mary”可知，是Mary在操场上发现了一个校服，A表述错误，故选A。
18．
推理判断题。文中的四则布告都是与学校人员有关，所以会在学校看到这四则布告，故选A。
（2021·广西玉林·中考真题）In the fight against COVID-19, many natinal heres have becme well-knwn t the public. On August 11, 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping cmmended（表彰）fur f them fr their utstanding cntributin（杰出的贡献）.
The purpse f giving the natin’s tp hnrs t these peple was t shw the great curage and the spirit f wrking tgether f the Chinese peple.
19．Hw many peple was given “the Peple’s Her” by Chinese President Xi Jinping?
A．One.B．Tw.C．Three.D．Fur.
20．Wh gt an illness in 2018 accrding t the passage?
A．Zhng Nanshan.B．Zhang Bli.C．Zhang Dingyu. D．Chen Wei.
21．Which f the fllwing is right in the passage?
A．Chen Wei is the head f Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hspital.
B．Zhang Dingyu is a traditinal Chinese medicine expert.
C．Zhng Nanshan gt a result that COVID-19 culd nt be spread between humans.
D．Zhang Bli has been in charge f the research cnnecting TCM with Western medicine.
【答案】19．C
20．C
21．D
【分析】
文章介绍了在与COVID-19的战斗中，涌现出了许多民族英雄，其中四位杰出的贡献者受到了国家主席的表彰。
19．
细节理解题。根据““The Peple’s Her” was given t three thers.”可知，“人民英雄”的称号送给另外三个人，故选C。
20．
细节理解题。根据“Zhang Dingyu was the head f Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hspital in 2020. He gt an illness in 2018.”可知，张定于在2018年生病了，故选C。
21．
推理判断题。根据“Zhang Bli is a traditinal Chinese medicine （TCM） expert. He has been in charge f（负责） the research f COVID-19 treatments（治疗）cnnecting TCM with Western medicine.”可知，张伯礼负责中西医结合的研究。故选D。
Sunshine Sprts Park
Opening Hurs
Clsed Days
Tuesday—Friday
09:00-20:00
Every Mnday
Saturday
10:00-21:10
Octber 1-7
Sunday
10:00-19:00
January 31-February 7
Hw many curts
Hw much
Buses
2 vlleyball curts
2 basketball curts
3 badmintn curts
4 tennis curts
T use ne curt fr ne hur ,each grup needs t pay
Vlleyball—120 yuan
Basketball—120 yuan
Badmintn—80 yuan
Tennis—80 yuan
(Yu can take a bus every 30 minutes)
Undergrund→Park08:00-5:00
Park→Undergrund
10:30-16:00
◆We dn’t have any ball r rackets(球拍).
◆Yu must nt eat n the curts
Xianfeng Summer
Reading Prgramme
This year the prgramme gives ut a free bk t each child wh reads and recrds 5 bks during the summer. This prgramme is fr students in Grade 1 — 6. This free prgramme runs frm July 1 t August 31.
Xinhua Summer
Reading Prgramme
Students can get a free baseball cap this summer frm this reading prgramme. The students must read 4 f the recmmended bks and fill a frm t shw which nes they read. The prgramme ges n all year rund.
Sanlian Summer
Reading Challenge
Sanlian bkstres will give yung readers a Star Reader certificate（证书） and a discunt card（打折卡） if they read any 8 bks ver the summer. This prgramme is fr students in Grade 7 — 9. This prgramme runs frm May 1 t September 1.
Dangdang Summer
Reading Challenge
Dangdang has a reading challenge where students read nline and then recrd the minutes they’ve read. They can als take weekly challenges t get rewards. This prgramme runs frm July 1 t Octber 1.
Making a ScarecrwHw wuld yu like yur very wn scarecrw (稻草人)? Yu can make ne ut f sme ld bards. Yu can use it t scare away birds in yur garden. Yu can als put a scarecrw near yur frnt dr t give visitrs a big surprise!
Here are what yu will need:
● a grwn-up helper
● seven bards (each 10 cm wide): ne 160 cm lng;
three 50 cm lng; ne 30 cm lng; tw 60 cm lng
● a hammer and nails; safety pins; a pen
● a shirt with lng sleeves
● a lng skirt
● glves and bts
● a hat and a pillw
Step1: Lay the bards n the grund. Make the shape accrding t the picture. Yu will have tw arm pieces left ver.Yu will add them later.
Step 2: Ask a grwn-up t nail the pieces tgether.
Step 3: Put the shirt n. Ask a grwn-up t nail ne arm piece t the shulder. Let the sleeve fall dwn s that it cvers the bard. Pin the glve t the sleeve. D the same with the ther arm.
Step 4: Put n the skirt.
Step 5: Stick the pillw n tp as the head. Draw eyes, a nse and a muth n it.
Step 6: Stand the bdy up and put it where yu want.
Step 7: Put the hat n and then put the bts under the skirt s it lks like it has feet.
NOTICE BOARD
Help fr ChildrenWe need help at the Children’s Center. Are yu available n weekends? D yu like children? Can yu sing, dance r tell stries? Bring happiness t them and yu’ll als enjy yurself. Please call us at 132-8823 tday!
Guitar Player WantedCan yu play the guitar? D yu have time n Saturday? We need ne guitar player t frm a five-girl band s that we can give perfrmances at the schl art festival next mnth. Jin us and let’s practice tgether. Please call me at 312-2372.
Learn t Make PizzaThis week’s after-schl activity is learning hw t make pizza. Mlly frm the cking club will teach us t make pizza. Dn’t miss the chance.
Time: 2 p.m.—4 p.m. this Friday
Place: Rm 208
Please call 223-8721.
FundI fund a schl unifrm n the playgrund. Is it yurs? Ask Mr. Green fr it.
Mary
Lst
I lst my schl ID card. I can d nthing withut it. Call me at 722-9530. Thanks!
Sally
Zhng Nanshan was given the Medal f the Republic（共和国勋章）. He has been leading the Chinese gvernment’s effrts in the fight against COVID-19. The ld expert gt a result that COVID-19 culd be spread between humans.
“The Peple’s Her” was given t three thers. They are Zhang Bli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei.
Zhang Bli is a traditinal Chinese medicine （TCM） expert. He has been in charge f（负责） the research f COVID-19 treatments（治疗）cnnecting TCM with Western medicine.
Zhang Dingyu was the head f Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hspital in 2020. He gt an illness in 2018. Hwever, he chse t stay with his partners in Wuhan t save lives.
Chen Wei is a prfessr. She has made great achievements in the research n COVID-19. She is als ne f the key leaders in China’s Ebla vaccine（埃博拉疫苗）research.