2023届统考版高考英语二轮专项分层特训完形填空保分练(五)说明文、议论文含答案

这是一份2023届统考版高考英语二轮专项分层特训完形填空保分练(五)说明文、议论文含答案，共13页。

完形填空保分练(五)　说明文、议论文

[2022·贵阳市高三适应性考试]Madhavan stood proudly next to a young mahogany (红木) tree. It's one of 100 he planted on his __1__ in Meenangadi. His two __2__ of land in the village were used to plant __3__ crops—coffee, black pepper and betel nuts, but the worsening environment has __4__ his production.
Now the mahogany __5__ is one of his only reliable sources of income, __6__ him up to 5，000 rupees (卢比) a year—and all he has to do is to keep the __7__ standing.
The 84­year­old __8__ is being paid to plant and __9__ trees through a “tree­banking” program, which __10__ to create India's first carbon­neutral (碳中和的) village by 2025.
Madhavan got his saplings (树苗) __11__ from the village council, which will lend him 50 rupees per __12__ for every year if he does not __13__ it down until 2031. At that point, the loan is written off (一笔勾销) and he can do what he likes with the trees without __14__ back, including cutting them to __15__ and make money.
“Every morning, I spend some time __16__ these trees. I am really happy to say that except for three which died __17__， all are steadfastly growing，” Madhavan said. “Sooner or later, my farm will become a small __18__ filled with greenery.”
“The tree­banking project gives farmers an ongoing __19__ to protect trees so as to make the climate better，” said Jayakumar, director of the carbon­neutral program. “The message here is that climate __20__ is being linked with climate justice，” he said.,

1．A.travel B．right
C．way D．farm
2．A.kingdoms B．acres
C．inches D．tons
3．A.rare B．beautiful
C．healthy D．commercial
4．A.stimulated B．increased
C．lowered D．started
5．A.planting B．cutting
C．collecting D．renting
6．A.waking B．earning
C．selling D．saving
7．A.trees B．villagers
C．rupees D．crops
8．A.driver B．teacher
C．farmer D．worker
9．A.change B．purchase
C．protect D．remove
10．A.refuses B．hesitates
C．pretends D．aims
11．A.in panic B．for sure
C．in relief D．for free
12．A.person B．family
C．tree D．day
13．A.write B．cut
C．roll D．bring
14．A.paying B．coming
C．driving D．going
15．A.eat B．sell
C．paint D．show
16．A.looking after B．cutting down
C．climbing up D．picking out
17．A.hopefully B．directly
C．heavily D．naturally
18．A.grassland B．house
C．forest D．ground
19．A.right B．motivation
C．fear D．dream
20．A.disaster B．choice
C．style D．change
[答题区]
1～5　 ________　6～10 ________
11～15 ________　16～20 ________
[2022·浙江1月]When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy­four last year, she started having problems with her __1__， notably dryness and discomfort.
“I was simply __2__ a terrible experience，” Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. “I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my __3__ was affected.”
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had __4__ problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in __5__. “Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so __6__，” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being __7__.”
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research __8__ at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team __9__ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done __10__ work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising __11__ for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. __12__， she has raised $110，000 with another $40，000 __13__.
“I'm trying to get more and more people to __14__ that there are solutions (解决办法)，” said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after __15__. “I say there is no old __16__， there's only neglect (忽视). Don't stand __17__， do something about it.”
Ms. Burdeyney __18__ that she was hoping to do more for the research project. “I just want to bring __19__ into people's eyes and this is just the __20__. There is still a long way to go.”,

1．A.throat B．skin
C．lungs D．eyes
2．A.getting over B．going through
C．holding on D．passing down
3．A.story B．treatment
C．life D．relationship
4．A.similar B．various
C．personal D．special
5．A.turn B．peace
C．vain D．silence
6．A.unbearable B．abnormal
C．insignificant D．disturbing
7．A.compromised B．forgotten
C．substituted D．separated
8．A.course B．program
C．paper D．conference
9．A.informed B．doubted
C．included D．dismissed
10．A.part­time B．controversial
C．voluntary D．ground­breaking
11．A.money B．standards
C．awareness D．questions
12．A.As ever B．So far
C．In return D．Once again
13．A.wasted B．donated
C．expected D．earned
14．A.imagine B．confirm
C．remember D．understand
15．A.retirement B．childbirth
C．graduation D．marriage
16．A.time B．rule
C．age D．tale
17．A.straight B．still
C．firm D．alone
18．A.commented B．learned
C．reminded D．added
19．A.light B．joy
C．color D．beauty
20．A.future B．beginning
C．truth D．meaning
[答题区]
1～5　 ________　6～10 ________
11～15 ________　16～20 ________

[2022·郑州市高三第二次质量预测]Waiting has a bad reputation in modern society. We don't like to wait!
I've been __1__ for much of my life. I had a plan in my 20's: Finish college, find a job, get married and have a family as soon as possible. I really didn't know much about __2__ then. I thought it was something you did if you didn't have __3__— an excuse not to take action. But now I know better about it.
The mind is usually not comfortable with waiting. It hates __4__ and would rather make a mistake than simply __5__ in a state of “not knowing” while the right course unfolds.
Places of uncertainty can be deeply __6__， and most of us tend to rush through them quickly. However, if we __7__， the landscape gradually becomes clearer. Making our way forward requires different __8__， and waiting is one of the most important. I've learned waiting is one of the most __9__ tools that we have for __10__ the life we want.
Look back on your life, and you'll see this __11__． First, look at the decisions that you forced: How did those turn out? Then, look for times when you just “knew” what to do. What happened then?
The key to the second kind of decision is waiting for that __12__ sense of inner knowing. There is a sense of “now is the time” in you body like the __13__ birds get when it's time to leave town. We're animals, too—we can __14__ that inner sensitiveness which lets us know what to do when the time is right. Wait __15__ rather than passively. Keep your inner senses tuned to urges and __16__ that an answer will come.
Ignore the __17__ in your head that says you need to make a decision now. See what becomes clear as you sit with uncertainty. __18__ your heart more than your head. Have faith that the right course will unfold at the __19__ time. And then, when the time comes, just do it, as simply and __20__ as the birds take flight.,

1．A.independent B．impatient
C．successful D．nervous
2．A.ambition B．progress
C．performing D．waiting
3．A.courage B．energy
C．enthusiasm D．time
4．A.quietness B．anxiety
C．uncertainty D．tolerance
5．A.walk B．think
C．act D．live
6．A.unreasonable B．uncomfortable
C．unbelievable D．unfortunate
7．A.slow down B．give up
C．slide away D．rush off
8．A.projects B．senses
C．skills D．situations
9．A.convenient B．immediate
C．powerful D．specific
10．A.creating B．simplifying
C．changing D．choosing
11．A.concept B．tendency
C．goal D．pattern
12．A.direct B．conservative
C．common D．deep
13．A.call B．urge
C．idea D．feeling
14．A.develop B．discover
C．catch D．control
15．A.hopefully B．confidently
C．actively D．eagerly
16．A.predict B．imagine
C．confirm D．expect
17．A.voice B．arrangement
C．concern D．sign
18．A.Free B．Trust
C．Mind D．Protect
19．A.regular B．important
C．risky D．perfect
20．A.exactly B．steadily
C．naturally D．smoothly
[答题区]
1～5　 ________　6～10 ________
11～15 ________　16～20 ________



完形填空保分练（五）　说明文、议论文
Test 1
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——植树项目
【语篇解读】　印度一个84岁的农民获得一个植树项目的资助在村里植树，这一项目提高了农民种树的积极性以使环境变得更好。
1．答案与解析：D　根据第18空前的“my farm”可知，此处是说在Madhavan的农场里种植红木树。
2．答案与解析：B　根据空后的“of land”可知，此处表示村里的两英亩土地用于种植经济作物。acre“英亩”；inch“英寸”。
3．答案与解析：D　根据空后的“coffee, black pepper and betel nuts”可知，此处表示种植经济作物。rare“稀少的”；commercial“商业的，贸易的”。
4．答案与解析：C　根据空前的“but”“worsening”，再结合选项可推知，环境的不断恶化降低了他的产量。stimulate“刺激；激励”。
5．答案与解析：A　根据第一段前两句可推知，种植红木树是他的经济来源之一。
6．答案与解析：B　根据空前的“one of his only reliable sources of income”可知，红木树每年为他挣得5 000卢比。
7．答案与解析：A　此处表示让树耸立生长。
8．答案与解析：C　根据上下文可知，Madhavan是一个农民。
9．答案与解析：C　根据空前的“plant”可知，这位84岁的农民因种植和保护树木而被付给工资。purchase“购买”；remove“移开；去除”。
10．答案与解析：D　这个项目旨在创建印度第一个碳中和乡村。
11．答案与解析：D　根据上一段内容可知，这位老人因种树保护树而获得工资，由此可推知，此处是免费从村委会得到树苗。in panic“惊慌地”；for sure“确保，确定”；in relief“如释重负地”；for free“免费地”。
12．答案与解析：C　如果在2031年之前不砍树的话，村委会每棵树每年借给他50卢比。
13．答案与解析：B　参见上题解析。roll“（使）翻滚”。
14．答案与解析：A　根据空前的“the loan is written off （一笔勾销）”可知，老人不用返款。
15．答案与解析：B　根据空前的“cutting them”可知，此处是说卖树挣钱。
16．答案与解析：A　每天上午这位老人都花一些时间照顾这些树。look after“照顾”；cut down“砍倒”；climb up“爬上去”；pick out“挑出”。
17．答案与解析：D　除了三棵自然死亡的树外，其他树长势都很好。
18．答案与解析：C　这位老人认为，迟早有一天自己的农场会变成充满绿意的小森林。
19．答案与解析：B　这个植树项目给了农民保护树木源源不断的动力。motivation“动力”。
20．答案与解析：D　气候变化与气候正义有关。
Test 2
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——积极的生活态度——身患眼疾的老太太努力为自己和病友带来光明
【语篇解读】　文章讲述的是患眼疾的老人Burdeyney努力为自己和其他遭受同样问题折磨的人带来光明的故事，传扬了乐观精神和守望相助的大爱。
1．答案与解析：D　根据下文的“Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research”可知，此处表示Burdeyney女士的眼睛（eyes）开始出问题了。
2．答案与解析：B　此处表示Burdeyney女士正在经历可怕的事情。get over“从疾病（或震惊、断绝关系等）中恢复常态”； go through “经历，遭受”； hold on “固定”； pass down “使世代相传，流传”。
3．答案与解析：C　此处表示她感到很无助和不安，因为她的生活（life）质量受到了影响。treatment “治疗，疗法，诊治”； relationship “关系，联系”。
4．答案与解析：A　此处表示Burdeyney女士和一些有相似（similar）问题的朋友进行了交谈。various “各种不同的，各种各样的”； personal “个人的，私人的”； special“特殊的，特别的，不寻常的，不一般的”。
5．答案与解析：D　根据下文的“Nobody chooses to talk about it”可知，她发现他们很大程度上都一声不吭地受着折磨。in turn “依次，相应地”； in peace “和平地，安安静静地”； in vain “枉费心机，徒劳无益，白费力气”； in silence “一声不吭地”。
6．答案与解析：C　根据上文的“Nobody chooses to talk about it”和下文的“But more and more are suffering”可知，没人选择谈论它，因为它似乎很微不足道。unbearable “难耐的，无法接受的，难以处理的”； abnormal “不正常的，反常的，变态的，畸形的”；insignificant “微不足道的”； disturbing “引起烦恼的，令人不安的，引起恐慌的”。
7．答案与解析：A　根据上文的“But more and more are suffering and lives are being”可知，越来越多的人在受折磨，而且生活也受到了损害。compromise “损害，使恶化”； substitute “（以……）代替，取代”； separate “（使）分离，分散”。
8．答案与解析：B　根据下文的“the project”可知，此处表示Burdeyney女士了解到一个眼睛研究项目（program）的计划。
9．答案与解析：C　这个研究小组包括加拿大医生Allan Slomovic。inform “知会，通知，通告”； doubt “怀疑，无把握，不能肯定，认为……未必可能”； include “包括，包含”； dismiss “不予考虑，摒弃”。
10．答案与解析：D　根据下文的“Seeing a ray of hope”可知，通过使用干细胞， Allan Slomovic在眼睛护理方面有了开创性的进展。controversial “引起争论的，有争议的”； voluntary “自愿的，志愿的，主动的，自告奋勇的”； ground­breaking “开创性的，创新的，革新的”。
11．答案与解析：A　根据下文的“she has raised $110，000 with another $40，000”可知， Burdeyney女士看到了一线希望，于是她开始和一位朋友一起为这个项目筹款。
12．答案与解析：B　迄今为止（So far），她已经筹集了110 000美元，预计还会有40 000美元。as ever “同往常一样，一如既往”； in return “作为（对……的）回报”； once again “再一次，再次”。
13．答案与解析：C　参见上题解析。waste “浪费，滥用”； donate “（尤指向慈善机构）捐赠，赠送”； expect “预料，预期，预计”； earn “挣得，赚得，挣钱”。
14．答案与解析：D　此处表示她正在努力让越来越多的人明白还是有解决办法的。imagine “想象，设想”； confirm “（尤指提供证据来）证实，证明，确认”； understand “了解，认识到，明了”。
15．答案与解析：A　根据文章开头的“Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy­four last year”和空前的“a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after”可知， Burdeyney女士在退休（retirement）后依然当私人教练。
16．答案与解析：C　上文提到Burdeyney女士退休后仍然当私人教练，因此此处表示她认为没有老年这一说。
17．答案与解析：B　根据上文提到的Burdeyney女士的积极行为可知，此处表示不要一动不动地站着，要做点什么。straight “直的”； still “静止的，不动的”； firm “牢固的，稳固的”； alone “独自”。
18．答案与解析：D　Burdeyney女士补充说（added）她希望为这个研究项目做更多的事情。comment “表达意见”； remind “提醒，使想起”。
19．答案与解析：A　上文提到Burdeyney女士有眼疾，再结合空后的“into people's eyes”可知，此处表示她只是想为人们的眼睛带来光明（light）。joy “高兴，愉快，喜悦”； beauty “美，美丽”。
20．答案与解析：B　根据下文的“There is still a long way to go”可知，此处表示这只是开始（beginning）。future “将来，未来”； truth “真相，实情，事实，真实情况”； meaning “（想要表达的）意义，意思”。
Test 3
语篇类型：议论文　主题语境：人与自我——个人感悟——等待
【语篇解读】　作者年轻时是一个没有耐心的人，不知等待为何物，凡事宁愿犯错，也不愿等待。然而，随着年岁的增长，作者认为等待是人们拥有的创造自己想要的生活的最强大技能之一。
1．答案与解析：B　根据下文中的“Finish college... as soon as possible”可以看出，作者很多时候都是一个没有耐心的人。
2．答案与解析：D　根据第一段中的“Waiting”及上文描述的plan可知，作者那时没有耐心，不知等待为何物。
3．答案与解析：A　根据下文中的“an excuse not to take action”可以推测，作者把等待看作是缺乏采取行动的勇气时找的借口。
4．答案与解析：C　根据语境和下文中的“in a state of ‘not knowing’ while the right course unfolds” “Places of uncertainty”可知，作者讨厌不确定的状态。
5．答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，作者宁愿犯错，也不愿生活在不确定的状态中。
6．答案与解析：B　根据上文中的“The mind is usually not comfortable with waiting”可知，等待或不确定会让人很不舒服。
7．答案与解析：A　本句与上一句形成转折。根据上一句中的“most of us tend to rush through them quickly”可知，此处意为慢下来。rush off“匆忙走掉”。
8．答案与解析：C　此处与下文中的“waiting is one of the most 　9　 tools”呼应，本空与tools形成同义转换，故skills符合语境。
9．答案与解析：C　此处与上文中的“waiting is one of the most important”呼应，本空为important的同义转换，故选powerful。
10．答案与解析：A　结合语境可知，作者认为等待是人们拥有的创造自己想要的生活的最强大技能之一。
11．答案与解析：D　设空句为本段的中心句，结合本段中的“First, look at the decisions... Then, look for times”可以看出，此处讲述了人们回忆人生时常见的模式。
12．答案与解析：D　结合常识并利用排除法可以选出本空的答案，inner knowing是一种深藏于心的想法。
13．答案与解析：B　此处考查词汇复现，与下文中的“Keep your inner senses tuned to urges”呼应。
14．答案与解析：A　此处将人与鸟类进行比较，人也可以培养那种“知道什么时候该做什么”的内在敏感度。
15．答案与解析：C　结合下文中的“rather than passively”可知，此处填actively。
16．答案与解析：D　结合语境可知，此处作者建议要积极主动地等待，保持内心的感觉和强烈欲望一致，并期待答案的到来。
17．答案与解析：A　根据上文中的“There is a sense of ‘now is the time’ in your body”可知，我们的大脑中会有个声音催促我们，但要忽视这个声音。
18．答案与解析：B　根据下文中的“Have faith that the right course will unfold”可知，要相信自己的内心而不是大脑。
19．答案与解析：D　结合上文中的“inner sensitiveness which lets us know what to do when the time is right”可知，正确的事情会在完美的时刻到来。
20．答案与解析：C　根据常识和语境可知，当时机到来的时候，尽管放手去做，就像鸟儿飞翔一样简单且自然。