初中英语中考复习 06-晨读暮省-2021年中考英语考纲核心词汇50天通关之拓展读练测

这是一份初中英语中考复习 06-晨读暮省-2021年中考英语考纲核心词汇50天通关之拓展读练测，共14页。试卷主要包含了 backgrund， basic， beat， begin， behaviur， believe， beside， beynd等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（一）词汇晨读入心
1. backgrund
n. 背景
关联词组：educatin backgrund教育背景；family backgrund家庭背景；backgrund music背景音乐
用法：既可以指图画、舞台等的实体背景，也可以表示某个人的出身背景、学历等。
（2019，江苏卷，短文填空）I had a t 48 educatin backgrund. I went t public schls, received nrmal (常规的) educatin and was required t fllw r 49 like every ther student..
2. basic
adj.基本的，基础的
关联词组：basic infrmatin基本信息
词性转换：basis n.基础；basically adv.基本上，主要地
（2019，北京卷，阅读D）
32. The wrd "cllapse" in Paragraph 5 prbably means “____________”.
A a sudden failureB. the basic rule
C. a disappinting startD. the gradual develpment
3. beat
vt.敲打；打败；vi.跳动；n.节拍
词形变化：过去式beat；过去分词beaten
关联词组：beat the drum打鼓；be beaten by sb.被某人打了；输给了某人
（2019，湖南卷，语篇翻译）D yu enjy hitting the bks? It desn’t mean yu enjy beating yur bks with yur hand.
4. begin
v. 开始，着手
词形变化：过去式began；过去分词begun；现在分词beginning
关联词组：begin with以……开始，开始于……
用法：begin ding sth.和begin t d sth.都表示“开始做某事“，它们的区别：
eq \\ac(○,1)begin ding强调事情的持续性。例如：He began smking three years ag.他三年前开始抽烟（强调一种持续的习惯）。
eq \\ac(○,2)begin t d表示一件事情的开端，持续与否不重要。例如：It’s beginning t rain, we’d better hurry up.开始下雨了，我们最好快点。
同义词：start
词性转换：beginning n.起初，开始：in the beginning=at first起初，开始；at the beginning f…在……的开头；frm beginning t end从开始到结束
（2019，浙江卷，完形）
I began making new friends. I develped my wn ___23___ and never again fllwed the crwd.
23. A. skillsB. habitsC. prjectsD. pinins
5. behaviur
n. 行为，举止
美式拼写：behavir
关联词组：gd/bad behaviur良好/恶劣行为
词性转换：behave v.表现，举止
（2019，湖南卷，阅读A）
49．Accrding t Patrick, what is mre imprtant?
A．Managing schls by unifrms.
B．Imprving students’ behavirs.
C．Helping students express themselves cnfidently.
6. believe
v. 相信，认为
关联词组：believe it r nt信不信由你；it is (widely) believed that…人们（普遍）认为……
用法：
eq \\ac(○,1)believe是状态动词，通常不用于进行时态。
eq \\ac(○,2)believe sb.相信某人说的话；believe in sb.相信某人的人品；believe in sth.信仰……；believe还可以接that或者wh-从句。
eq \\ac(○,3)可以用I believe s或I believe nt作为对问题的肯定或否定回答。
（2019，山东卷，单项填空）
20. A recent survey shws that 44 percent f Americans want t use self-driving cars, _________ 34 percent believe that they will make the rads mre dangerus.
A. althugh B. because C. if
7. beside
prep. 在……旁边，靠近
近义词：near，next t
易混单词：besides prep.除……以外（还有）；adv.此外，而且
（2019，江苏卷，阅读表达） I g fr lng runs and bike rides beside the beach. An hur f exercise after a lng day f writing gives me energy.
（2019，浙江卷，完形）
Mrs. Chaplin managed t ___1___ her children, her wn with the mney she made as a singer.
___2___, their ecnmic(经济的) situatin changed when she became ill with laryngitis(喉炎) in 1894.
1. A. supprtB. leaveC. askD. face
2. A. AlthughB. SC. HweverD. Besides
8. beynd
prep. （表示位置）在……的那边
关联词组：beynd reach够不着
用法：beynd通常用作介词用，表示位置，意思是“在……的那一边；在……之外；在更远处”。例如：
What lies beynd the muntains?山的那一边有什么？
The sea is beynd that hill.大海在山的那边。
（2019，江苏卷，完形）
Why is Sng He Lu s special ___14___ hundreds f restaurants?
14. A. betweenB. againstC. amngD. beynd
9. birth
n.出生，诞生
关联词组：give birth t生下……；date/year f birth出生日期/年份；place f birth出生地
关联词汇：birthday n.生日；brn：be brn in/n出生于某年/某天；be动词要求使用过去式形式。
（2019，江苏卷，阅读B）
24. Accrding t Paragraph 1, cakes and ice-cream are mentined t describe ____________.
A. the birth f chickensB. the difference between them
C. the use f eggsD. the way f keeping them
10. blind
adj. 瞎的，失明的；盲目的
关联词组：g/becme blind眼瞎，失明；clur blind色盲；blind date相亲
词性转换：blindly adv. 盲目地；blindness n.失明，盲目
（2019，湖北卷，完形）
A blind man has n idea f day and night, can’t 44 the beauty f nature, r even desn't knw what the light is.
44. A. hear B. enjy C. tuch D. play
11. blw
v. 吹，吹气；刮风
词形变化：过去式blew，过去分词blwn
关联词组：blw up爆炸；blw ff吹落，吹掉；blw ut吹灭，吹熄；blw dwn吹倒
（2019，山东卷，阅读C）Als, wind desn’t blw all the time, s we can’t use wind pwer all the time.
12. brrw
v. 借，（向别人）借用
关联词组：brrw sth frm sb. 向某人借某物
反义词：lend v.借出，借给：lend sth. t sb=lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人
（2019，山东卷，阅读表达）Culd yu help me pick ut sme new clthes? Wuld yu mind if I brrwed yur bike? Can yu lk after my apartment while I’m away?
13. break
v. 打破（断、碎）；损坏；违背
词形变化：过去式brke，过去分词brken
关联词组：break ne’s arm/leg摔断胳膊/腿；break the law违法；break dwn分解，发生故障；break up打碎，分手（with sb.）；break int破门而入；break ff折断
熟词僻义：break n.间歇，休息；中断：take/have a break休息一下
（2019，山东卷，动词应用） The plice said that bth Liu and Ran had brken criminal law by seriusly endangering (危及) public safety.
14. breath
n.呼吸，气息
关联词组：ut f breath喘不上气；take a deep breath深呼吸；hld ne’s breath屏住呼吸；take ne’s breath away使人大吃一惊，令人叹绝
词性转换：breathe v.呼吸 breathless adj.上气不接下气的
（2019，浙江卷，语法填空） As he cughed and struggled t breathe, he jumped up and ____56____, screaming: “Ah! Ah! Ah!”
15. build
v.建筑，造
词形变化：过去式built，过去分词built
关联词组：build up增进，加强
名词：building n.建筑物，房屋，大楼
（2019，北京卷，完形）
And mments f failure like this build ___20___ —since then I’ve learned t face disappintment and grwn strnger.
20. A. trustB. prideC. characterD. supprt
16. burn
v.着火，燃烧；使晒黑
词形变化：过去式burned或burnt，过去分词burned或burnt
关联词组：burn ut烧尽，燃尽
（2019，浙江卷，语法填空） Hwever, as sn as he started eating, his muth began ____54____ (burn), his eyes began t water, and his whle face became as red ____55____ the fruit.
17. business
n.生意；商业；业务
关联词组：business card名片；d business做生意；nne f ne’s business不归某人管，与某人无关
关联单词：businessman/businesswman n.做生意的人，商人
（2019，浙江卷，语法填空）
All f us have _____59_____ (spend) mney and time n smething一maybe a relatinship, r a business, r a jb一and smetimes, even if we knw there's n hpe that things will change, we still cntinue with it.
18. call
v.（给……）打电话；称呼；叫；n.电话；呼叫
关联词组：
eq \\ac(○,1)动词短语：call fr要求，需要；提倡；call ff=cancel取消；call back回电；叫回，收回；call up打电话；召集；征召（入伍）call n/upn呼吁，号召；拜访
eq \\ac(○,2)名词短语：make a (telephne) call打电话；give sb. a call给某人打电话
（2019年，浙江卷，词汇运用）Lydia runs and picks up rubbish alng the way. What she des is called "plgging", an activity cmbining cllecting rubbish with running
19. cancel
v. 取消，撤销
关联词组：cancel buttn取消按钮
词形变化：过去式canceled或cancelled，过去分词canceled或cancelled，过去分词canceling或cancelling
近义词：call ff
易混单词：cancer n.癌症
（2019年，江苏卷，词汇运用）
37. -The plan fr summer study trip may be ______________ (cancel).
- Really? I'm lking frward t it.
20. capital
n. 首都，省会；资本；大写字母；adj.首都的，省会的；资本的；大写的
关联词组：capital city省会城市；capital letter大写字母
易混单词：captain n.船长，队长；（海军）上校
（2019年，山东卷，单项填空）
16. Berlin is _________capital f Germany.
A./ B. a C. the
21.careful
adj.小心的，谨慎的；仔细的
eq \\ac(○,1)Be careful!用作祈使句，意思是“小心！”，表示提醒
eq \\ac(○,2)be careful f (abut)…表示“当心，留意”
eq \\ac(○,3)be careful with表示做某事很小心或仔细
词性转换：carefully adv.小心地，仔细地；carefulness n.小心，仔细；care v.在乎；关心
反义词：careless adj.粗心大意的；漫不经心的
（2019年，山东卷，动词应用）
The hst usually makes full ____14____ by carefully tidying up the huse and _____15_____ a lt f delicius dishes.
14 A. plansB. decisinsC. preparatins
15. A. enjyingB. ckingC. washing
22. catch
v.&n.赶上；抓住，捕捉
词形变化：过去式caught，过去分词caught
关联词组：catch up (with)赶上，追上；catch a cld感冒了；catch fire着火；catch ne’s breath喘气
（2019年，江苏卷，单项填空）
6. “Put n yur cat, yu will catch a cld!” This is what my mum ften says t me.
A. andB. butC. rD. s
23. cause
v.引起，导致
关联词组：cause truble惹麻烦
用法：cause sb./sth. t d sth.使得……做某事；常用语被动语态：sth. is caused by…某事是由……引起的
（2019年，江苏卷，动词应用）The accident 69 (cause) by a fight between the driver and a passenger, killing all 15 peple n the bus.
24. celebrate
v.庆祝
关联词组：celebrate Christmas庆祝圣诞节
词性转换：celebratin n.庆祝，庆典
（2019年，江苏卷，单项填空）
38. I plan t g abrad t celebrate my twentieth birthday in ___________ (八月) .
25. centre
n.中心，中央
美式拼写：center
关联词组：shpping centre购物中心；in the centre f…处于……的中心
词性转换：central adj.中心的，中枢的
（2019年，浙江卷，阅读B）
30. Hw can we d tramplining safely?
A. Buy an expensive trampline.B. Jump in the center f a trampline.
C. Chse a trampline withut a net.D. Lse weight befre starting tramplining.
26. century
n.世纪，百年
用法：一般放在序数词的后面，表示第几个世纪，如二十一世纪：the 21st century
（2019年，浙江卷，阅读C）The radi telescpe thus appeared, and it is cnsidered ne f the greatest inventins in the twentieth century.
27. certain
adj. 确定的，无疑的，一定会
关联词组：t a certain degree/extent一定程度上；fr certain肯定，确定，无疑
用法：be certain that确定，肯定；be certain f/abut sth.肯定（确信）某事；be certain t d sth.一定/确定做某事；be certain f ding sth.有把握做某事
词性转换：certainly adv.当然 certainty n.确定性；确实的事
同义词：sure adj.一定的，确信的
（2019年，北京卷，阅读C）T a certain degree, we can understand and cntrl ur experience f time passing.
28. chance
n. 机会；可能性
关联词组：by chance=by accident偶然；by any chance万一；take ne’s chance碰运气；give sb. a chance给某人一次机会；the chances are that…可能……
（2019年，北京卷，完形）
Since I was ___15___prepared, I felt that my chances f winning were strng.
15. A. fullyB. quicklyC. freshlyD. physically
（二）暮省练习巩固
一. 写出这些单词的汉语意义。
1. baby ____________ 2. bathrm ________ 3. becme__________
4. bedrm __________ 5. been ___________ 6. bell _____________
7. besides ________ 8. bught __________ 9. brave __________
10. break __________ 11. bright __________ 12. brught _________
13. building____________
二. 按要求写出下列词汇的变化形式。
1. baby __________(复数形式)
2. bathrm ___________(复数形式)
3. became ________(动词原形)
4. bedrm ___________（复数形式）
5. been_______(一般现在时形式)_________(过去式)________(原形)
6. bell_______（复数形式）
7. bught ____________(动词原形)
8. break _________(动词过去式)__________(动词过去分词)
9. brught________(动词原形)
10. building __________(复数形式)
三. 根据句意，用所给词汇的正确形式填空。
1. ______ (baby) are needed t take care f because they are t yung.
2. Tm has a big huse with tw _________ (bathrm)and three _______ (bedrm).
3. Jim__________ (becme) a teacher when he left cllege.
4. Students _____________(be) running fr abut three hurs.
5. The _______ (bell) rings. It’s time fr class. Let’s g t the classrm.
6. He has many histry bks ________(beside) English bks.
7. My mum _________(buy) a cmputer last week.
8. The by called Yang Yang was very _______(brave) and he saved a few peple’s lives after the earthquake.
9. Mr. Smith wanted t find ut wh _______(break) the windw.
10. Our classrm is _______(brightly) and clean.
11. Li ping _________ (bring) his phts t the schl yesterday.
12. Nw there are mre and mre high _________(build) in ur city.
四. 根据短文意思及首字母（或汉语意义），写出合乎句意的单词。
Mr. Green ___1____(成为) an ffice wrker after he left cllege. Nw he wrks in the city. He ____2__(买) a huse in the cuntry tw years ag. His huse is very big and it has five _____3___(卧室), tw ____4___(浴室) and a large garden. Mr. Breen thinks that the air in the cuntry is clean and he can enjy the ____5___(明亮的)sun n weekends. He thinks there are n high ___6___(建筑物)here and there. S n pllutin and nise can be ___7____（带来）
His wife, Mrs. Green desn’t wrk nw. She has ____8____（是）babysitting her ___9____(小孩)at hme. Of curse, ____10___(除……之外)babysitting , Mrs. Green des husewrk and ____11____(购买) everything fr their family.
参考答案
一. 1. 婴儿、小孩；2. 浴室；3. 成为、变得；4. 卧室、寝室；5. 是；6. 钟、铃、门铃；7. 而且、除……之外；8. 买；9. 勇敢的；10. 打破、违背；11. 明亮的、发亮的；12. 带来；13. 建筑物、楼房
二. 1. babies; 2. bathrms; 3. becme; 4. bedrms; 5. am/is/are; was/were; be; 6. bells; 7. buy; 8. brke; brken; 9. bring; 10. buildings
三. 1. Babies, 2. bathrms, bedrms; 3. became; 4. have been ; 5. bell; 6. besides; 7. bught; 8.brave; 9. brke; 10. bright; 11. brught; 12. buildings
四. 1. became; 2. bught; 3. bedrms; 4. bathrms; 5. bright; 6. buildings; 7. brught; 8. has been; 9. baby; 10. besides; 11. buys