初中英语中考复习 07-晨读暮省-2021年中考英语考纲核心词汇50天通关之拓展读练测

这是一份初中英语中考复习 07-晨读暮省-2021年中考英语考纲核心词汇50天通关之拓展读练测，共16页。试卷主要包含了 chse， A， cllect， cmfrtable， cmmunicate， cmpare， cmplete， cnditin等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（一）词汇晨读入心
1. chse
v.选择
词形变化：过去式chse，过去分词chsen
关联词组：chse frm挑选，从……中选择；chse between A and B在A和B中做出选择；chse t d sth.选择做某事
词性转换：chice n.选择：make a chice做出选择；have n chice别无选择
（2019，江苏卷，短文填空）
Fr the first few mnths I chse t eat in Sichuan Or Hunan style restaurants instead f eating much __16__ fd.
16. A. freshB. lcalC. ChineseD. frzen
2. cllect
v.收集，聚集
关联词组：cllect infrmatin收集信息；cllect stamps集邮
词性转换：cllectin n.收集，采集；收藏品：a cllectin f（收藏的）一些，一批
（2019，浙江卷，词汇运用）What she des is called "plgging", an activity cmbining cllecting rubbish with running.
3. cmfrtable
adj.令人舒适的；感到舒服的
关联词组：make neself cmfrtable别拘束，别客气；feel cmfrtable感到舒服
词性转换：cmfrtably adv.舒适地；cmfrt n.舒适；安慰；v.安慰，使（痛苦）缓和
（2019，山东卷，完形填空）
Remember that usually Chinese peple will nt pen the gift in frnt f the persn wh gives ____11____. T shw the respect, it may be ____12____ t explain what the gift is.
11. A. itB. themC. that
12. A. necessaryB. carefulC. cmfrtable
4. cmmunicate
v. 沟通，交流；交际；传达
关联词组：cmmunicate with与……交流；cmmunicate in (English)用（英语）交流
词性转换：cmmunicatin n.交流；通信，通讯：internatinal cmmunicatin国际交流
（2019，北京卷，阅读D）
33. What is the writer's main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T questin abut the standards f infrmatin strage.
B. T discuss ur prblems f cmmunicatin with machines.
C. T stress the imprtance f imprving ur memrizing ability.
D. T remind us f the risk f depending n machines t remember.
5. cmpare
v. 比较，对比
eq \\ac(○,1)cmpare A with B“比较A和B”，侧重二者的区别
eq \\ac(○,2)cmpare A t B“把A比作B”，侧重比喻，比拟，指出二者的相似关系
eq \\ac(○,3)cmpared with/t +名词，“与……相比”，通常放在句首或句子中间，充当状语成分。例如：Cmpared with cars, bikes are mre envirnmental. 与轿车相比，自行车更加环保。
词性转换：cmparisn n.比较，对比：make a cmparisn (between A and B)（在A和B之间）做比较；by cmparisn比较起来；in cmparisn with…同……比较起来
（2019，北京卷，完形）
My plan wasn’t t make prmises t d things I culdn’t ___14___ but t shw my class why I wanted t be president.
14. A. cmpareB. rememberC. manageD. repeat
6. cmpetitin
n.竞争，比赛
关联词组：sprts cmpetitin运动竞赛；fair/unfair cmpetitin公平/不公平竞争；in cmpetitin with同……竞争
词性转换：cmpete v.竞争，比赛；cmpetitr n.竞争者，对手；cmpetitive adj.有竞争力的
（2019，山东卷，单项填空）
6.The English Speech Cmpetitin the best in her. As a result, she is mre active nw.
A. checked utB. tried utC. left utD. brught ut
7. cmplete
v.完成，结束；adj.完成的，完整的
作动词：The wrk shuld be cmpleted in ne year.这项工作应该在一年内完成。
作形容词：This is a cmplete stry.这是一个完整的故事。
词性转换：cmpletin n.完成，结束；cmpleted adj.完成的；cmpletely=ttally adv.完全地，彻底地
反义词：incmplete adj.不完全的，不完整的
（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）
3.- Keep quiet! I need cmplete__________ when I'm wrking.
-Srry, dad. I wn't make any nise again.
A. trustB. silenceC. cntrlD. strength
8. cnditin
n.条件，状况
关联词组：in gd/bad cnditin情况良好/糟糕；n cnditin that…在（某事发生）的条件下
用法：当用来表示“天气”、“（居住、工作或做事情的）环境，境况”时，通常使用复数cnditins。如：The plants grw best in cl, damp cnditins.这种植物最适合在阴凉、潮湿的环境下生长。
（2019，浙江卷，阅读D）Carl made friends with the crrespndents, and gt Millet's cnditin reprted t England and all ver the cntinent, and America, and everywhere.
9. cnnect
v.连接，把……联系起来
eq \\ac(○,1)cnnect A with B表示“把A和B联系起来（或连接在一起）”，A和B之间不分主次；
eq \\ac(○,2)cnnect A t B表示“把A连接到B上”，通常以A为主，以B为辅；
eq \\ac(○,3)通常可用and代替介词with或t，变成cnnect A and B的形式。
词性转换：cnnectin n.关系，连接；cnnected adj.有关联的：be (clsely) cnnected with与……（紧密）相关
（2019，江苏卷，完形）
Hwever, after falling in lve with the city. I came t realize that the fd is s clsely ___17___ with its lcal culture.
17. A. cnnectedB. cveredC. cmparedD. charged
10. cnsider
v.考虑，认为
关联词组：cnsider ding sth.考虑做某事；cnsider sth. as…把某事看作……
词性转换：cnsideratin n.考虑：take sth. int cnsideratin=cnsider sth.考虑某事；in cnsideratin f…考虑到……，顾及……
（2019，江苏卷，阅读D）In fact, I think a garden is a really bad idea. I dn't knw why we're even cnsidering it.
11. cntinue
v.继续
eq \\ac(○,1)cntinue with sth.继续做某事，with后面接名词
eq \\ac(○,2)cntinue ding sth.继续做某事，指继续做同一件事
eq \\ac(○,3)cntinue t d sth.继续做某事，指一件事做完后，继续做另一件事
比较：
After drinking a cup f cffee, I cntinued t d my hmewrk.（喝咖啡之前我是在做别的事而不是做作业）
After drinking a cup f cffee, I cntinued ding my hmewrk.（喝咖啡之前我在做作业但没做完，喝完以后继续做）
同义词：cntinue=g n
（2019，浙江卷，完形）
She tried t finish the sng, but the audience (观众) began t whistle and gt angry. Mrs. Chaplin culd nt cntinue any lnger and walked ___7___ the stage crying.
7. A. ntB. ffC. twardsD. arund
12. crrect
v.纠正，改正；adj.正确的，对的
同义词：right adj.正确的，对的
反义词：wrng adj.错误的；incrrect adj.不正确的
词性转换：crrectly adv.错误地；crrectness n.正确性；crrectin n.纠正
（2019，山东卷，阅读表达）Many peple believe smart machines are necessarily crrect and bjective, but machines are trained thrugh a repeated testing and scring prcess. In the prcess, human beings still decide n the crrect answers.
13. cst
v.花费，值（多少钱）；n.价格
词形变化：过去式cst，过去分词cst
关联词组：at the cst f以……为代价；at all csts不惜任何代价；at any cst无论如何
动词用法：表示“花费”的三个动词spend、cst和take的区别：
eq \\ac(○,1)spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱，精力，时间等，其后接n(fr)+名词或用in(可省)+动名词；
eq \\ac(○,2)cst可用于表示花时间和金钱，其主语一般是“物”或“事”，表示“花费”、“耗费”；
eq \\ac(○,3)take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或某物。句式是：It takes sb. sme time t d sth.=Sth. takes sb. sme time.
（2019，山东卷，单项填空）
25. Ry wrks in Lndn. It _________him abut half an hur t get t wrk by bus every day.
A. csts B. spends C. takes
14. create
v.创造，创作；造成，产生
同义词：prduce，make
词性转换：creatin n.创造，创作；产物，作品；creative adj.创新的，有创造性的：creative pwer创造力；creative thinking创新思维
（2019，山东卷，单项填空）
24. Arund the wrld, 300 millin tns f plastic _____________ each year, f which abut 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates
15. culture
n.文化，文明
关联词组：traditinal culture传统文化；western culture西方文化；lcal culture本土文化；ppular culture流行文化，大众文化；
词性转换：cultural adj.文化的，文化上的
（2019，浙江卷，词汇填空）
40. Mre and mre peple have realized the imprtance f spreading ur _____________(传统的) culture.
16. cut
v.切，剪，削，割；n.切，割；伤口；理发
词形变化：过去式cut，过去分词cut，现在分词cutting
动词词组：cut ff切断，中断；cut dwn砍到；削减；cut in插嘴，插入；cut up切碎
名词词组：pwer cut停电，供电中断
关联单词：shrtcut n.捷径；haircut n.理发；发型
（2019，山东卷，词形转换）
67. Have yu ever cut yur finger n the edge (边缘) f a bk page? The small cut n yur finger is s _____________. (pain)
17. daily
adj.每日的，日常的
关联词组：daily life日常生活；daily use日用品；n a daily basis按日，每天
其它词性：
eq \\ac(○,1)作adv.：daily=every day每日，每天
eq \\ac(○,2)作n.：表示“日报”：China Daily中国日报
（2019，浙江卷，单项填空）
9.- Culd yu tell me ____________________?
- Yu will stay with an English family and take part in their daily life.
A. when I shuld pay fr the curseB. what the best part f the curse is
C. hw lng the shrtest curse lastsD. where I can g sightseeing after class
18. dangerus
adj.危险的，有危害的
关联词组：dangerus gds危险物品；dangerus situatin危险处境
词性转换：danger n.危险，威胁：in danger处于危险中；endanger v.危及，使遭受危害
（2019年，山东卷，单项填空）
20. A recent survey shws that 44 percent f Americans want t use self-driving cars, _________ 34 percent believe that they will make the rads mre dangerus.
A. althugh B. because C. if
19. deal
v.交易；n.买卖；量，数额
动词词组：deal with…和……做生意；处理，应对
名词词组：a gd/great deal f大量；a big deal大人物，了不起的人/事；make a deal with同……达成交易
（2019年，北京卷，阅读C）Fr example, n the way hme, fcus yur attentin utside f yurself, instead f thinking abut the prblems yu have t deal with.
20. decide
v.决定，下决心
关联词组：decide n sth.决定（选定）……；decide t d sth.决定做某事
词性转换：decisin n.决定，决心：make a decisin做决定
（2019年，北京卷，完形）Tw mnths ag, when ur class electin(选举) started, I decided t run fr class president.
21.depend
v.依靠，依赖；取决于
关联词组：depend n/upn sb./sth.依靠/依赖……；取决于……，视……而定
用法：在口语中可以用It (all) depends或That depends表示“那得看情况”。
词性转换：dependent adj.依赖的（反义词：independent）；dependence n.依赖，依靠
（2019年，山东卷，动词应用）Sme peple might think that their music isn't all that lud. But this can depend n where yu are.
22. die
v.死亡，去世
词形变化：过去式died，过去分词died，现在分词dying
关联词组：die ut灭绝
用法：表示死亡的原因，可以使用介词f或者frm，二者的大致区别：
eq \\ac(○,1)die f通常表示死于与身体之上/之内的原因，如疾病，饥饿：die f cancer
eq \\ac(○,2)die frm通常表示环境等外部因素引起的死亡，如事故：die frm a traffic accident
词性转换：death n.死亡；dead adj.死亡的，去世的
（2019年，山东卷，词形转换）
68. There are abut 6,000' languages that are spken arund the wrld, but 43% f them are dying ut. If n _________is taken, sme f these languages will disappear. (act)
23. direct
adj.直接的，直率的；v.指挥，指导；导演（电影）
关联词组：a direct flight直飞航班
词性转换：directly adv.直接；directin n.方向；指导；directr n.导演；directive n.侦探
反义词：indirect adj.间接的
（2019年，重庆卷，短文填空）Yu’ve been here in China fr a few days, and yu may ntice that Chinese peple can smetimes be very direct.
24. divide
v.分，划分
关联词组：divide… int把……分成；divide sth. between/amng…在……之间分配/分享某物
用法：表示除法运算时，可以用divide A by B，如：21 divided by 3 is 7.
词性转换：divided adj.分裂的，分开的；有分歧的；divisin n.分割，划分；除法；部门，分支
（2019年，湖北卷，完形）
What happens if there’s a tpic that yu still dn’t 46 understand? Yu’d better have a website r tw that yu can 47 t search a subject.
46.A. nrmally B. gradually C. cmpletely D. plitely
47. A. imagine B. use C. knck D. divide
25. dubt
n&v.怀疑，疑虑
动词用法：
eq \\ac(○,1)dubt+名词/代词：I dubt his wrds.我怀疑他说的话。
eq \\ac(○,2)否定句和疑问句中，dubt可接that从句：I dn’t dubt that he can finish the task n time.我相信他能按时完成任务
eq \\ac(○,3)肯定句中，dubt一般接if/whether从句：I dubt whether he can finish the task n time.我怀疑他能否按时完成任务。
名词用法：There is n dubt that毋庸置疑；n/withut/beynd dubt无疑地
词性转换：dubtful adj.怀疑的；可疑的
（2019年，安徽卷，单项填空）
2.Yu can see the _____ in ur faces when we talk abut the great achievements in the past 70 years.
A. dubtB. prideC. regretD. ability
26. draw
v.绘画，绘制；拉，拖；提取（钱）
词形变化：过去式drew，过去分词drawn
关联词组：draw a picture画一幅画；draw sme mney取一些钱；draw ne’s attentin吸引某人的注意
词性转换：drawing n.绘画，图画，图纸；drawer n.抽屉
（2019年，浙江卷，阅读A）He wanted t draw a picture f it, but he wasn't sure hw t spell "dachshund, s he simply wrte "Ht Dg".
（二）暮省练习巩固
一. 写出这些单词的汉语意义。
1. cake_________ 2. came __________
3. capital_________4. careful ________
5. certain _________ 6. chance _________
7. child __________ 8. chse __________
9. clearly __________10. climb _________
11. clse ___________ 12. cin ____________
13. cllect _________ 14. cmpany ________
15. cpy __________16. cst ___________
17. cugh_________18. culd ___________
19. crss ___________
二. 按要求写出下列词汇的变化形式。
1. cake ___________（复数形式）
2. came _______(第三人称单数形式）
3. careful __________(改为副词)
4. certain_________(改为副词)
5. child ____________(复数形式)
6. chse_________(过去式)_________(过去分词)
7.climb___________（现在分词）
8. clse _________(现在分词)
9. cllect ___________(改为名词)
10. cmpany_________(复数形式)
11. cst ____________(过去式) ___________(过去分词)
12. cugh __________(第三人称单数形式)
13. culd___________（动词原形）
14. crss___________(现在分词)___________(第三人称单数形式)
三. 根据句意，用所给词汇的正确形式填空。
1. Here are tw _______(cake) . Yu can eat either f them.
2. Did yu _______(cme) t Jim’s birthday party?
3. Sme cuntry had tw ________(capital) .
4. He is a _________(care) man and he des everything very _______(careful).
5. I’m _________(certainly) I will be there fr the Olympic Games in 2008.
6. After schl , many ________ (child) are playing in the grund.
7. Mr. Smith _________(chse) t be an engineer after he graduated frm the cllege.
8. We can see the highest building ________(clear) in a lng distance.
9._______(climb) the high muntain is nt easy fr everyne.
10. We shuld _______ (clse) the factry because it plluted the river.
11. He likes________ (cllect) and he has many kinds f _______ (cin) .
12. There are many ________(cmpany) n each side f the street.
13. I dn’t like my friend wh _______(cpy) everything I d.
14. That cat ________ (cst) me 2,000yuan.
15. I have had a bad _______(cugh) and ________(cugh) day and night. _______(can) yu help me d the chres?
四. 根据短文意思及首字母，写出合乎句意的单词。
When we talk abut the fd, we always think f the fd in Beijing , C______(1) f China. There are many kinds f favrite fds there. They are all delicius, especially c______(2). If yu have a c______(3) t c_______(4) t Beijing. I think yu’re c_______(5) t taste them.
The wrkers usually c__________(6) gd materials befre they make them. Then they make them c__________(7). Each kind f Beijing cakes is riginal and it desn’t c______(8) thers. But the cakes are very cheap and they can’t c________(9) yu much mney. Sme even cst yu a few c_______(10). Many ld peple and c_________(11) like Beijing Cakes very much.. S every mrning, yu c________(12) see many peple c_________(13) the street t buy them. Sme f them eat them in the restaurant, thers take them away in a paper bag.
C部分参考答案
一. 1. 蛋糕、糕；2. 来；3. 省会、首都；4. 小心的、细心的；5. 确实的、无疑的；6. 机会、机遇；7. 小孩；8. 选择；9. 清楚地、明显地；10. 攀登、爬；11. 关闭；12. 钱币、硬币；13. 收集、搜集；14. 公司；15. 复制、抄袭；16. 价值、花；17. 咳嗽；18. 能、会、可以；19. 穿过、横过、越过
二. 1. cakes; 2. cmes; 3. carefully; 4. certainly; 5. children; 6. chse; chsen; 7. climbing; 8. clsing; 9. cllectin; 10. cmpanies; 11. cst; cst; 12. cughs; 13. can; 14. crssing; crsses
三. 1. cakes; 2. cme ; 3. capitals; 4. careful; carefully; 5. certain; 6. children; 7. chse; 8. clearly; 9. Climbing; 10. clse; 11. cllecing; cins; 12. cmpanies; 13. cpies; 14. cst; 15. cugh; cugh; Culd
四. 1. Capital. 2. cakes; 3. chance; 4. cme; 5. certain; 6. chse; 7. carefully; 8. cpy; 9. cst; 10. cins; 11. children; 12. culd; 13.crssing
D部分练习
一. 写出这些单词的汉语意义。
1. danger __________ 2. dark ___________
3. decisin ___________
4. discver ___________ 5. dr ___________
6. dress _____________7. drp _____________
二. 按要求写出下列词汇的变化形式。
1. danger____________(形容词)
2. dark________(比较级)
3. decisin __________(动词)
4. discver ________(现在分词)
5. dr _________(复数形式)
6. dress _______（第三人称单数形式）
7. drp_______(现在分词)________(过去式)
三. 根据句意，用所给词汇的正确形式填空。
1. There is much _______ (dangerus) in space.
2. A cat can see in the ________(dark).
3. She knew she’d made the right _________(decide).
4. We have ___________(discver) that he’s quite careless in his wrk.
5. Please clse the ________(dr) when yu leave the rm.
6. The kid can __________(dress) himself.
7. He __________(drp) his wallet in the train.
四. 根据短文意思及首字母（或汉语意义），写出合乎句意的单词。
It’s ____1____(危险的)when yu walk in the _____2___(黑暗) by yurself. S when yu make a ____3___(决定) t get ut f yur _____4___(门) alne, yu must take sme useful things, such as trch(手电筒), an umbrella r ____5___(穿衣) yurself in a raincat. When yu take the things , yu can ____6___(发现) that all these things are very useful . A trch can give yu light , a hat can keep ut smething that may____7___(落下) n yur head and an raincat r an umbrella can help yu nt t get wet in rain.
D部分参考答案
一. 1. 危险；2. 黄昏；黑暗；3. 决定；决心；4. 发现；发觉；5. 门；6. 穿衣；7. 落下；掉下；使落下
二. 1. dangerus; 2. darker; 3. decide; 4. discvering; 5. drs; 6. dresses; 7. drpping; drpped
三. 1. danger; 2. dark; 3. decisin; 4. discvered; 5. dr; 6. dress; 7. drpped
四. 1. dangerus; 2. dark; 3. decisin; 4. dr; 5. dress; 6. discver; 7. drp