2023届广东省六校高三上学期第二次联考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2023届广东省六校高三上学期第二次联考英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届高三六校第二次联考
英 语
本试卷共8页，共47小题，满分120分。考试用时120分钟
注意事项：
1.答题前, 考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。并用2B铅笔将对应的信息点涂黑，不按要求填涂的，答卷无效。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只需将答题卡交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four new books to read
The books that are included in this list can meet your reading needs at any time of year.
Nobody Will Tell You This but Me
Bess Kalb
In this book, the author shares the advice her beloved grandmother Bobby left her. Bobby was a powerful woman who should never be underestimated, and she was very knowledgeable about the family’s traditions and secrets. The book proves that family bonds can endure through generations and beyond death.
We Came Here to Shine
Susie Orman Schnall
We Came Here to Shine focuses on the strong female friendship between an aspiring journalist and an unlucky actress at the 1939 New York World’s Fair. Leaning on each other, these two ambitious women struggled against adversity(困境) at a time when women had little say.
A Star Is Bored
Byron Lane
Favored by television star Jonathan Van Ness, this novel is partly based on the author’s experiences as the former personal assistant to Carrie Fisher, a legendary American actress. The book follows Charlie Besson, the new assistant to the Hollywood icon, Kathi Kannon. Their three-year journey together is an unforgettable adventure that is funny, heartbreaking, and hopeful.
Fast Girls
Elise Hooper
The story in Fast Girls took place during the 1936 Berlin Olympics, where Betty Robinson, Louise Stokes, and Helen Stephens overcame difficult pasts to attain Olympic glory as the world’s fastest female athletes. Beyond the athletic journey, they also aimed to challenge the social standards of what females can achieve.
1. Who is the character in Bess Kalb’s book?
A. Bobby. B. Susie Orman Schnall.
C. Carrie Fisher. D. Betty Robinson.
2. What kind of book is A Star Is Bored?
A. A biography. B. An industry report.
C. A real-life based novel. D. A fictional adventure story.
3. Which of the following books will you choose if you are interested in sports?
A. We Came Here to Shine B. Nobody Will Tell You This but Me
C. A Star Is Bored D. Fast Girls
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章向读者介绍了四本新书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Nobody Will Tell You This but Me部分“In this book, the author shares the advice her beloved grandmother Bobby left her.（在这本书中，作者分享了她深爱的祖母Bobby留给她的建议。）”可知，Bess Kalb的书里的人物是Bobby。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Star Is Bored部分“Favored by television star Jonathan Van Ness, this novel is partly based on the author’s experiences as the former personal assistant to Carrie Fisher, a legendary American actress.（这部小说深受电视明星乔纳森·范·内斯（Jonathan Van Ness）的喜爱，部分基于作者作为美国传奇女演员卡丽·费希尔（Carrie Fisher）的前私人助理的经历。）”可知，小说部分取材于作者作为美国传奇女演员卡丽·费希尔前私人助理的经历，可知是基于现实生活的小说。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The story in Fast Girls took place during the 1936 Berlin Olympics, where Betty Robinson, Louise Stokes, and Helen Stephens overcame difficult pasts to attain Olympic glory as the world’s fastest female athletes.（《快女孩》中的故事发生在1936年柏林奥运会期间，贝蒂·罗宾逊、路易斯·斯托克斯和海伦·斯蒂芬斯克服了过去的困难，成为世界上速度最快的女运动员，赢得了奥运会的荣誉。）”可知，如果你对运动感兴趣，当然是选择Fast Girls。故选D。
B
I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (极简主义), but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games – “Do We Need It?” and “Put It in Its Place”– and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine.
If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.
So, this time I found help – the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love. Can I go full Kondo? I will try. One central idea is to clean by category. You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration. It makes you rethink how you organize. Next, hold each item and ask if it brings you joy. This way you’re choosing what to keep. And that’s how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor. My wife walks by and gives me a look that says I’m nuts. She’s probably not wrong.
Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket. I move through the pile: pants, shirts, suits and shoes. Then my last category: jackets. I haven’t worn the thing in about 30 years. Somehow, it has survived. Now that I’m striving to follow Kondo – surely, its time has come?
I hold it in my hand. There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it. It’s literally falling apart. Will I ever wear it again? Not a chance. Does it feel good to wear? Does it bring me joy? Actually, yes. At this moment, my daughter walks in. She asks about the jacket. I tell her the story. She thinks I should keep it. It’s cool and unique and full of memories. She is arguing that nostalgia (怀念) is the very reason.
I’m not entirely convinced by my daughter’s arguments. I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes it’s hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the “keep” pile.
4. What does the underlined word “discarded” probably mean in Paragraph 2?
A. adjusted B. reserved C. abandoned D. tidied
5. What drives the author to read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up?
A. To learn how to categorize. B. To improve his tidying skills.
C. To persuade his family members. D. To develop passion for minimalism.
6. What is the attitude of the author’s family members toward minimalism?
A. They don’t understand it. B. They completely support it.
C. They are strongly opposed to it. D. They are less passionate about it.
7. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Knowing when to let go B. Classifying what you love
C. Throwing worn-out clothes D. Keeping valuable possessions
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文中作者喜欢完全的极简主义风格，但家人并不支持他，为了提高整理技巧，作者去读了《改变生活的整理魔法》。在整理满地的衣服时，作者发现了难以舍弃的夹克衫，又把它放在了“保留”堆里。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. ”（说实话，我自己的整理技能并没有我想要的那么好。我的“discarded”堆从来都不是我想要的垃圾山，因为我为东西为什么有用找借口）可知，爱整理的作者，整理出来要扔弃的不是自己想要的垃圾山。故划线词意思是丢弃，近义词是abandoned。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I want to be better at moving on.”(我想更好地继续前进)以及第三段“So, this time I found help – the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love.”（所以，这次我找到了帮助——为像我这样的人准备的经典书籍:近藤麻理惠的《改变生活的整理魔法》。近藤对她的技艺的投入是惊人的。她的哲学是只保留自己喜欢的东西）可知，提高他的整理技巧是驱使作者去读《改变生活的整理魔法》。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (极简主义), but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games – ‘Do We Need It?’ and ‘Put It in Its Place’– and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine. ”（我喜欢扔掉东西。我喜欢完全的极简主义风格，但我的妻子和两个十几岁的孩子不喜欢我那种几乎什么都没有的房子的梦想。我已经试过了。当孩子们还小的时候，我教他们我最喜欢的两个游戏——“我们需要它吗?”和《放回原处》——每隔几个月就让他们演奏一次。他们的热情永远比不上我）可知，家人们对极简主义不那么有激情。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据最后一段“I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes it’s hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the “keep” pile.”（我相信向前看，而不是向后看。然而，有时候放手是很难的。所以我轻轻地把夹克放在“保留”那一堆）可知，作者一直坚持极简主义风格，但是在整理过程中也遇到了难以取舍的物品，所以本文围绕着“在收纳过程中知道什么时候放手”的主题展开。“知道什么时候放手”适合做最佳标题。故选A。
C
The world’s biggest electric vehicle — a 45-ton mining dump truck named the eDumper — may have to give up its throne. The newcomer, powered with both electricity and a reserve of hydrogen fuel, is going to steal that title as the largest electric mining truck.

London-based Anglo American is developing the beast of a machine — it weighs 290 tons — as part of its sustainable mining vision. The conceptual work is done, but U.K-based Williams Advanced Engineering will bring the truck to life. The idea is to replace the vehicle’s diesel engine (柴油机) with a high-power modular lithium-ion battery (锂电池). “We are delighted to be involved in this innovative and exciting project which shows the potential of battery technology that can adapt to increased demands, from automotive and motorsport to ‘heavy duty’ industrial applications,” Craig Wilson, managing director of Williams Advanced Engineering, said.
While the eDumper — a mining truck used to move stones from the sides of mountains in Switzerland — relies entirely on pure electricity and pure physics for power, the Anglo American truck will use both a lithium-ion battery and a hydrogen fuel cell (电池) module. Altogether, the new truck will have over 1,000 Kilowatt hours of energy storage.
Hydrogen fuel is a clear fuel that produces only water as a by-product when consumed in a fuel cell. It’s typically produced from natural gas nuclear power, or renewable wind and solar power. Adding hydrogen fuel cells to the vehicle’s battery will allow the truck to run for longer periods of time without recharging.
There’s also a third type of power that comes into play with the Anglo American truck: kinetic (动力的) energy created through the process of regenerative braking (再生制动系统). When an electric vehicle — be it the Anglo American truck, or the eDumper — rolls down a hill, that movement creates electrical energy for the battery as you brake. The electric motors power the car through the battery’s stored energy, but can also become mini generators that return some energy back to the battery.
After Anglo American finishes test trials with the truck, the firm will conduct studies to understand how the truck’s power units can be used to provide energy storage in other applications.
8. What can be known about “the eDumper”?
A. It weighs more than 290 tons.
B It is powered by hydrogen fuel.
C. It will no longer be the largest electric truck.
D. It will discourage buyers for being expensive.
9 What can be inferred from Craig Wilson’s words?
A. Battery technology is the key to updating vehicles.
B. Battery technology is the basis of manufacturing trucks.
C. The development of the lithium-ion battery is limited.
D. The future of the lithium-ion battery is promising.
10. What is the benefit of adopting hydrogen fuel cells?
A. It can save a lot of money.
B. Vehicles become more eco-friendly.
C. It has no environmental impact at all.
D. Vehicles no longer need to be recharged.
11. According to paragraph 5, which of the following can be a feature of regenerative braking?
A. Autonomous braking. B. Energy transformation.
C. Simple operation. D. zero-carbon emission.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于伦敦的英美资源集团（Anglo American）正在开发一种重达290吨的卡车，这将成为世界上最大的电动卡车。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The world’s biggest electric vehicle — a 45-ton mining dump truck named the eDumper — may have to give up its throne. The newcomer, powered with both electricity and a reserve of hydrogen fuel, is going to steal that title as the largest electric mining truck.(世界上最大的电动汽车——一辆45吨重的矿山自卸车，名叫eDumper ——可能不得不放弃它的宝座。这个同时使用电力和氢燃料储备新建造的车，将会夺得最大电力采矿卡车的称号。)”可知，eDumper将不再是最大的电动卡车。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The idea is to replace the vehicle’s diesel engine (柴油机) with a high-power modular lithium-ion battery (锂电池). “We are delighted to be involved in this innovative and exciting project which shows the potential of battery technology that can adapt to increased demands, from automotive and motorsport to ‘heavy duty’ industrial applications,” Craig Wilson, managing director of Williams Advanced Engineering, said.(这个想法是用一个大功率的模块化锂离子电池来代替汽车的柴油发动机。“我们很高兴参与这个创新和令人兴奋的项目，它展示了电池技术的潜力，可以适应从汽车和赛车到‘重型’工业应用等不断增长的需求。”)”可知，从Craig Wilson的话可以看出，锂离子电池的未来充满希望。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Hydrogen fuel is a clear fuel that produces only water as a by-product when consumed in a fuel cell. It’s typically produced from natural gas, nuclear power, or renewable wind and solar power. Adding hydrogen fuel cells to the vehicle’s battery will allow the truck to run for longer periods of time without recharging.(氢燃料是一种清洁的燃料，在燃料电池中消耗时只产生副产品水。它通常由天然气、核能或可再生风能和太阳能发电产生。将氢燃料电池添加到汽车的电池将允许卡车运行更长的时间不用充电。)”可知，氢燃料电池是一种更加环保的电池，由此可知，采用氢燃料电池的好处是汽车变得更加环保。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“When an electric vehicle — be it the Anglo American truck, or the eDumper — rolls down a hill, that movement creates electrical energy for the battery as you brake. The electric motors power the car through the battery’s stored energy, but can also become mini generators that return some energy back to the battery.(当一辆电动汽车——无论是英美卡车还是eDumper——从山上滚下来时，这种运动会在刹车时为电池产生电能。电动马达通过电池储存的能量为汽车提供动力，但也可以成为迷你发电机，将一些能量返回给电池。)”可知，能量转换是再生制动的一个特性，故选B。
D
Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness. In Jungian philosophy, the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives. While Jung’s mystical theories are debatable, he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming. A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways.
This trend is causing damage to our immune and metabolic (新陈代谢的) systems, let alone the electronic products that keep us up late at night are ruining our sleep patterns, which has long-term consequences on our memory system. One study showed that not allowing mice to have adequate amounts of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, the stage in which we dream, the mice couldn’t strengthen memories.
You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest. We sleep in cycles (周期), each lasting about 90 minutes; in a sleep cycle, we go through non-REM sleep before hitting REM. As the night progresses, REM sleep periods increase in length while deep sleep (one of the stages of non-REM sleep) decreases. The longer we sleep, the more time we spend in REM, which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning. If we sleep less than seven hours, however, it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM.
The combination of sleeping and dreaming acts as an emotional stabilizer. We recover from emotional hurt faster when we sleep and dream properly. However, we’re not getting enough sleep to cycle through the stages to take advantage of this natural circadian anti-depressant (抗抑郁剂)—dreams. Instead, we get depressed and turn to alcohol or medicines to get to sleep, which only makes things worse because even one drink leads to late REM while anti-depressants promote deep sleep at the expense of REM.
We’re paying for this lack of dreaming in many ways. For example, a 2021 study stated that compared with quiet rest and non-REM sleep, REM promoted the formation of associative networks and the integration (整合) of unassociated information. Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions.
Rowan Hooper, the managing editor at New Scientist, writes that dreams that include an “emotional core” appear to be a main function of REM sleep and that we should look at sleep patterns as seriously as we do diet and exercise habits.
12. What’s Carl Jung’s view about dreams?
A. They cause chaos. B. They damage immunity.
C. They reveal secrets. D. They mirror reality.
13. Why is the sleep process explained in paragraph 3?
A. To show a dream mainly occurs during REM sleep.
B. To prove the minimum sleep time should be seven hours.
C. To prove dream problems and sleep problems are attached.
D. To show people often dream when waking up in the morning.
14. What conclusion can be inferred from paragraph 5?
A. Dreaming promotes creativity.
B. Dreaming helps fight depression.
C. The brain still receives new information during REM sleep.
D. The brain is paying the price for having more non-REM sleep.
15. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. The importance of sleep lies in dreams.
B. The absence of dreams is terrible for us.
C. Dreaming patterns are more important than we realize.
D. Dreaming has mystical power of strengthening memories.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了做梦和睡眠之间的关系，以及不做梦给我们带来的损害，告诉我们要重视睡眠模式。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness. In Jungian philosophy, the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives.”(根据卡尔·荣格的说法，梦揭示了在清醒意识中隐藏的一定数量的现实。在荣格哲学中，梦中经历的冲突和混乱最终给我们的生活带来了秩序)可知，卡尔·荣格认为梦反映事实。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest.”(你可能认为这只是睡眠问题，但做梦与夜间休息是分不开的)以及“The longer we sleep, the more time we spend in REM, which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning. If we sleep less than seven hours, however, it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM.”(我们睡得越久，在快速眼动阶段（做梦）的时间就越多，这就是为什么我们早上醒来时经常做梦。然而，如果我们的睡眠时间少于7小时，就很难达到这种程度的快速眼动)可知，我们是否做梦，与睡眠时长及睡眠过程中的快速眼动时间是有直接关系的，所以第三段解释睡眠过程，是为了证明做梦问题和睡眠问题是联系在一起的。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions.”(经历了更多快速眼动睡眠的志愿者更善于解决需要创造性解决方案的问题)可知，经历更多快速眼动睡眠的志愿者更有创造力。上题提到做梦发生在快速眼动时间，进而可以推断出做梦让人更具有创造力。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“While Jung’s mystical theories are debatable, he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming. A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways.”(虽然荣格的神秘主义理论是有争议的，但他对做梦的重要性的认识并没有错。越来越多的报告显示，持续缺乏做梦正在从很多方面损害我们清醒的时间)可知，文章在第一段就指出了做梦很重要，缺乏做梦会给我们带来损害。第二段介绍了缺少做梦会对我们的免疫系统、新陈代谢和记忆造成损害，第四段说睡眠和做梦结合起来可以起到稳定情绪的作用，第五段说我们正以许多方式为缺乏做梦付出代价。所以，本文章主要讲了不做梦对于我们来说是可怕的。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’ve ever been bitten by a mosquito, you know how frustrating their bites can be. ____16____ , creating an itch (痒) that once you start scratching only seems to get worse. Why does a mosquito bite itch and what can we do?
Why does a mosquito bite itch?
When a mosquito bites you, it pierces the skin using a special mouthpart to suck up blood and injects saliva (唾液) into your skin. Mosquitoes’ saliva has lots of proteins in it, some of which our body recognizes as foreign, and our immune cells spring into action to try to fight them. ____17____ . It’s actually the body’s response to the foreign mosquito protein it is trying to fight. That’s why some people may only have a mild reaction to bites, while others, more sensitive to the foreign protein, react with large areas of swelling that are more painful.
What helps resist the urge to scratch?
“Don’t scratch” is the advice that most experts and health professionals give. As hard and sometimes unrealistic as it can sound, scratching inflames (发炎) the skin, and the inflammation makes the skin itch more. “ ____18____ ,” warned Daniel Markowski, technical adviser for the American Mosquito Control Association, adding that in extreme cases, people can scar themselves.
Instead, there are dozens of creams and sprays that promise itch relief as well as home remedy (疗法). Choose what’s right for you can often come down to trial and error. In general, all of the various anti-itch creams are very similar. There is no scientific evidence these remedies work, and they can come with their own precautions or side effects. ____19____ .
____20____
Some people can have serious allergic reactions to mosquitoes, although in practice it is rare, Vosshall said. If you experience severe symptoms such as breathing trouble, you should seek medical attention immediately.
A. When to seek medical attention?
B. What to do with a mosquito bite?
C It’s not the bite that causes the itch
D. The more you scratch, the more they itch
E. The little red bumps swell up almost immediately
F. Scratching can cause secondary infections and prolong the irritation
G. In fact, the best remedy to fight the itch is to prevent a bite in the first place
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要分析了为什么蚊子叮咬会痒、如何抵制抓挠的冲动以及何时就医。
【16题详解】
根据下文“creating an itch (痒) that once you start scratching only seems to get worse(产生一种瘙痒感，一旦你开始抓挠，似乎只会变得更严重)”可知，下文是空格处的结果状语。E项“The little red bumps swell up almost immediately.(这些小红肿几乎立即膨胀起来)”承接上文说明蚊子叮咬后的反应，又可以导致下文“抓挠只会变得更严重”的结果，符合文意。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“Why does a mosquito bite itch?(为什么蚊子叮咬会痒？)”可知，本段主要讲述为什么蚊子叮咬会痒。根据下文“It’s actually the body’s response to the foreign mosquito protein it is trying to fight.(实际上，这是身体对它试图对抗的外来蚊子蛋白质的反应)”中的“actually”推知，空处陈述人们大都认为叮咬会痒的原因——蚊子的叮咬。空格C项“It’s not the bite that causes the itch.(瘙痒不是由咬引起的)”，符合文意。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“adding that in extreme cases, people can scar themselves.(他补充道，在极端情况下，人们会给自己留下疤痕)”可知，上文应阐述瘙痒产生的一般后果。F项“Scratching can cause secondary infections and prolong the irritation.(搔痒可能会导致继发感染并延长刺激时间)”，符合文意。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“There is no scientific evidence these remedies work, and they can come with their own precautions or side effects.(没有科学证据表明这些药物有效，它们可以有自己的预防措施或副作用)”可知，没有科学证据表明止痒霜有效，且可能有副作用。由此推知，下文应提及对抗瘙痒的有效方法。G项“In fact, the best remedy to fight the itch is to prevent a bite in the first place(事实上，对抗瘙痒的最好方法是首先防止被咬)”，符合文意。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据本文结构可知，空格处是本段的小标题。根据下文“If you experience severe symptoms such as breathing trouble, you should seek medical attention immediately.(如果出现呼吸困难等严重症状，应立即就医)”可知，本段主要围绕“就医”展开论述，且应是一个问句。A项“When to seek medical attention?（何时就诊？）”，符合文意。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Although I enjoyed my new life and the time it freed up, there always seemed to be something missing. I thought it was a result of going from a high-activity career to a life of ____21____ . The retirement honeymoon lasted for one whole enjoyable year. Golf took up most of my summer, curling (冰壶) in the winter, and hiking ____22____ the times between. At the end of that first year, I was asked by a friend to help out at a local food bank that ____23____ a winter soup kitchen. Initially, my responsibility was not too ____24____ . It started out to be only one day a week and took just two hours of my time. The task involved going to the local food bank, ____25____ my car with pre-selected food items, and driving them to the kitchen ____26____ the weekend. Within a few weeks, I was also helping to sort out the food I was bringing to the charity organization. This soon ____27____ into preparing the cookers and dishes for the weekend event. My duties were ____28____ from one week to the next, which kept things interesting. Sometimes, I would help serve meals; other days, I would fill in for sandwich makers who hadn’t turned up for their ____29____ .
People who came for the free meals were diverse. Some were homeless, and others were individuals who had fallen on hard times. The common thing uniting all the guests was their _____30_____ toward the volunteers. Most diners would thank the people from whom they had received help. That was a wonderful reward for our efforts. Another wonderful thing was that the food was given _____31_____ . There was never any expectation to gain public _____32_____ for their donations; they just did it.
Gradually, my volunteering _____33_____ have now grown to include two days at the food bank plus the weekend. Although it cost much more time than I first began this volunteering task, I found my time volunteering _____34_____ . I can safely say that I get much more _____35_____ out of this type of activity than I ever managed to get from any round of golf or game of curling.
21. A. depression B. leisure C. boredom D. enjoyment
22. A. shared B. cost C. connected D. filled
23. A. spread B. charged C. ran D. expected
24. A. energy-efficient B. time-consuming C. heart-warming D. labor-saving
25. A. finding B. charging C. loading D. fixing
26. A. in preparation for B. in exchange for C. in expectation of D. in case of
27. A. followed B. improved C. expanded D. continued
28. A. consistent B. creative C. normal D. different
29. A. shifts B. schedules C. periods D. businesses
30. A. generosity B. gratitude C. guilt D. greeting
31. A. randomly B. particularly C. selflessly D. regularly
32. A. promotion B. awareness C. interest D. recognition
33. A. duties B. interests C. challenges D. concerns
34. A. necessary B. worthwhile C. practical D. meaningless
35. A. popularity B. admiration C. confidence D. satisfaction
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在退休第一年，很享受生活中的闲暇时间，包括打高尔夫、玩冰壶和徒步，但却总感觉生活缺少点儿什么，直到被朋友邀请去食品银行做志愿者，作者才感觉到时间过得是值得的，也收获了更多的满足感。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为这是从高活力的职业转向悠闲生活的结果。A. depression抑郁；B. leisure闲暇；C. boredom无聊；D. enjoyment乐趣，享受。根据上文的“Although I enjoyed my new life and the time it freed up”可知，作者现在享受着生活中空出来的时间，说明生活是悠闲的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：高尔夫占据了我夏天的大部分时间，冰壶占据了冬天的大部分时间，其间的时间则用徒步旅行来填补。A. shared分享；B. cost花费；C. connected连接；D. filled充满，占据（时间）。分析句子结构可知，空格处应与此句中的took up“占据”为同义词，fill“充满，占据（时间）”符合题意。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一年结束的时候，我被一个朋友邀请去当地一家食品银行帮忙，那里经营着一个冬季施粥所。A. spread传播；B. charged充电，要价，使……承担责任；C. ran经营；D. expected期待。根据“a local food bank that ____3____ a winter soup kitchen”可知，冬季施粥所是食品银行所经营的，给需要的人分发食物的地方。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我的职责并不太耗时间。A. energy-efficient节能的；B. time-consuming耗时的；C. heart-warming感人的；D. labor-saving节省劳动力的。根据下文“It started out to be only one day a week and took just two hours of my time.”可知，刚开始只花费作者一周一天两个小时的时间，所以是不耗时的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的任务包括去当地的食品银行，把我的车装上预先挑选好的食物，然后把它们开到厨房，为周末做准备。A. finding发现；B. charging 充电，要价，使……承担责任；C. loading装上；D. fixing固定，修理。根据该句中的“driving them to the kitchen”可知，作者要开车把食物送到厨房，所以要先把食物装到车上，load…with…意为“把……装上……”，符合题意。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我的任务包括去当地的食品银行，把我的车装上预先挑选好的食物，然后把它们开到厨房，为周末做准备。A. in preparation for为……作准备；B. in exchange for作为……的交换；C. in expectation of期待……； D. in case of万一。根据下文的“preparing the cookers and dishes for the weekend event”可知，他们要为周末的活动作准备，包括食物、炊具和菜肴。故in preparation for“为……作准备”符合题意。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作很快就扩展到为周末的活动准备厨具和菜肴。A. followed跟着；B. improved改进；C. expanded扩大，扩展；D. continued继续。根据上文“The task involved going to the local food bank, …I was also helping to sort out the food I was bringing to the charity organization.”可知，从最开始的把食物送到食品银行，到帮助整理食物，到该句提到的准备厨具和菜肴，作者的任务范围在不断地扩大。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的工作每周都不一样，这让事情变得有趣。A. consistent始终如一的；B. creative有创造力的；C. normal正常的；D. different不同的。根据下文的“Sometimes, I would help serve meals; other days, I would fill in for sandwich makers”可知，作者有时候帮忙上菜，有时候代替做三明治的人，所以工作内容是不同的。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我会帮忙上菜；其他时候，我会顶替那些因为轮班没来的三明治师傅。A. shifts轮班；B. schedules计划，日程表；C. periods一段时间；D. businesses生意。根据句意及常识可知，做三明治的师傅没来是因为轮到他们休班。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有客人的共同点是他们对志愿者的感激之情。A. generosity慷慨；B. gratitude感激；C. guilt内疚；D. greeting问候。根据下文“Most diners would thank the people from whom they had received help.”可知，大多数来用餐的人会对给他们帮助的人表示感谢，所以客人的共同点是会感激志愿者。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：另一件奇妙事情是，食物是无私给予的。A. randomly随机地；B. particularly非常；C. selflessly无私地；D. regularly定期地。根据下文“There was never any expectation to gain public ___12_ for their donations; they just did it.”可知，他们捐赠食物并不是要期待得到大众的认可，所以这种给予的行为是非常无私的。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的捐赠从来没有期待得到公众的认可：他们就是这么做了。A. promotion提拔；B. awareness意识；C. interest兴趣；D. recognition承认，认可。根据上文“the food was given ____11____”可知，食物是被无私给予的，所以他们并没有期待得到公众的认可。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我的志愿者职责增加到了在食品银行工作两天，加上周末。A. duties职责；B. interests利益；C. challenges挑战；D. concerns关心，担心。根据上文的Initially“最初”与此句的Gradually“渐渐地”可知，这是在描述作者做志愿者的过程，所以此题空格处应与responsibility“责任”为同义词，在讲述作者在做志愿者过程中职责的变化。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这比我第一次开始这个志愿任务花费了我更多时间，但我发现我的志愿时间是值得的。A. necessary必要的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. practical实际的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据下文的“I can safely say that I get much more ___15___ out of this type of activity”可知，作者从这种活动中收获得更多，所以就算是花更多的时间也是值得的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以肯定地说，我从这种类型的活动中获得的满足感比我从任何一轮高尔夫球或冰壶游戏中获得的满足感都要多得多。A. popularity流行；B. admiration钦佩，赞美；C. confidence信心；D. satisfaction满意，满足。根据第一段“The retirement honeymoon lasted for one whole enjoyable year. Golf took up most of my summer, curling (冰壶) in the winter,…”可知，作者退休第一年的大部分时间被高尔夫球和冰壶占据着，这让他过得很愉快，说明作者从高尔夫和冰壶中获得了享受和满足。此题中，作者把做志愿者和高尔夫以及冰壶游戏进行对比，是来说明做志愿能收获更多的满足。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Famous for carrying his tennis rackets in a bamboo basket, Wang Fa, a 14-year-old dark horse, ____36____ won the U14 boys’ singles title in the Guangzhou stop of the 2022 ASICS Tennis Junior Tour, has become ____37____ internet sensation.
Wang, a Chinese Wa ethnic (佤族) boy, started to learn tennis after he was selected by Zhang Xiaohong, head coach of a tennis club in southwest China’s Yunnan Province in 2016. Over the years, Wang and his peers ____38____ (put) tremendous efforts into advancing their skills and acquiring knowledge. “ ____39____ it were not for tennis, I would still be helping out my family with farm work back at home,” Wang said. “We always carry the bamboo basket when we work in the field. We all regard ____40____ as a symbolic farming tool of the Wa ethnic group. I carry my rackets in the basket ____41____ (primary) to honor my hometown,” he added.
Home for Wang is a mountainous area named Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County. ____42____ (locate) in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, the county, composed ____43____ 67 villages with a population of more than 40,000, was lifted out of ____44____ (poor) in 2019. For Wang, ____45____ (win) this title is just the beginning of a promising future. The rising star said he would head to the top spots in the professional arena.
【答案】36. who
37. an 38. have put
39. If 40. it
41. primarily
42. Located
43. of 44. poverty
45. winning
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了佤族14岁男孩王发，在半决赛中，他成为黑马，以6-3战胜冠军热门人选，随后在决赛中一鼓作气以6-2战胜对手，最终夺得U14组男单冠军。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在2022年ASICS网球青少年巡回赛广州站获得U14男单冠军的14岁黑马王发，因把网球拍放在竹篮里而出名，成为网络红人。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Wang Fa，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指代人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在2022年ASICS网球青少年巡回赛广州站获得U14男单冠军的14岁黑马王发，因把网球拍放在竹篮里而出名，成为网络红人。“internet sensation”意思是“网络红人”，泛指“一个”用不定冠词，internet元音音素开头的单词前用冠词an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：多年来，王发和他的同龄人为提高技能和获取知识付出了巨大的努力。over the year表示多年来，是现在完成时的提示词，主语Wang and his peers复数，谓语复数形式。故填have put。
【39题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：“如果不是打网球，我可能还在家里帮家人做农活”，王发说。if引导的条件状语从句用虚拟语气，表示与现在的事实相反，首字母大写。故填If。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：我们都把它当作佤族象征性的农具。代词it指代前面的竹篮。故填it。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：“我把球拍放在篮子里主要是为了纪念我的家乡，”他补充道。副词primarily修饰动词honor，作状语。故填primarily。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该县位于中国西南部云南省，由67个村庄组成，人口超过4万，于2019年脱贫。分析句子可知，“坐落于/位于（be located in）”，用形容词located表状态作状语，首字母大写。故填Located。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：该县位于中国西南部云南省，由67个村庄组成，人口超过4万，于2019年脱贫。“由……组成”是be composed of。故填of。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：该县位于中国西南部云南省，由67个村庄组成，人口超过4万，于2019年脱贫。out of poverty表示脱贫，介词后用名词。故填poverty。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：对王发来说，赢得这个冠军只是他美好未来的开始。动名词作主语。故填winning。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 正值你校举办科技节，校英语报特开设“My Future Invention”专栏，面向学生征稿。请你根据以下要点写一篇稿件：
1. 发明的名称；
2. 发明的功能；
3. 对发明的未来的展望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Future Invention
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One Possible Version:
My Future Invention
To improve the convenience of transport and raise the efficiency of commute in daily life, I design a little invention and name it Flying Skateboard.
Apart from resembling other ordinary skateboards, it has supreme flying performance as the name suggests. No matter which mode the travellers choose, gliding or flying, just tell the board where they intend to go and press on the button, and the best route will be mapped out straight away. Besides, equipped with safety devices, it will ensure a safe and sound journey to the destinations. What’s more, the skateboard can be charged automatically wherever the sun shines, which means a possible reduction in the use of fossil fuels.
Not only does it offer riders more exposure to the open air with unusual views to admire, but also it promotes a greener lifestyle by saving energy and cutting emissions down. I am firmly convinced that my invention is to help enhance the quality of life and achieve great popularity.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给你校英语报开设的“My Future Invention”专栏，写一篇稿件，内容包括：发明的名称；发明的功能；对发明的未来的展望。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提高：improve→enhance
此外：Besides→In addition
确保：ensure→make sure
提供：offer→provide
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To improve the convenience of transport and raise the efficiency of commute in daily life, I design a little invention and name it Flying Skateboard.
拓展句：I design a little invention and name it Flying Skateboard, for the purpose that I want to improve the convenience of transport and raise the efficiency of commute in daily life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] No matter which mode the travellers choose, gliding or flying, just tell the board where they intend to go and press on the button, and the best route will be mapped out straight away. (运用了no matter which引导的状语从句和where引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] What’s more, the skateboard can be charged automatically wherever the sun shines, which means a possible reduction in the use of fossil fuels. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3]Not only does it offer riders more exposure to the open air with unusual views to admire, but also it promotes a greener lifestyle by saving energy and cutting emissions down.(运用了倒装，not only…but also连接句子时，not only位于句首，该部分用部分倒装)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Crash! The old black pickup truck in front of me stopped. I didn’t. I crashed into its back breaking the fender (挡泥板) and bending the driver’s door of my car. To make matters worse, it wasn’t my car. It was my father’s. I shouldn’t have been driving it, and now I had destroyed it.
A farmer jumped out of the truck, slowly and carefully, and looked at the damage. I sat sobbing (抽噎), my lip bleeding where I’d bitten it. He was in a hurry to leave, but we managed to exchange names and phone numbers before he pulled out onto the highway again. I followed, knowing I dared not go home. I’d be in big trouble.
It was my high school graduation day. I drove to school and climbed out through the passenger door. Surveying the broken fender and the door, tears flowed down my face, which was rapidly becoming swollen. I walked into the gym and joined my classmates to prepare for the graduation party. Bad news traveled fast, and soon a teacher came to me
“You’ll have to go home to get dressed for the graduation sooner or later,” she said. “Sooner would be much better and you have to tell your parents.”
I finally agreed and slowly drove home. The Death March sounded in my ears.
My mother took one look at my face when I got home and screamed, “What on earth happened?”
I hung my head and tears rolled down my face again. “I crashed Daddy’s car.”
She threw up her hands in panic and rushed to the backyard where Dad was making burgers. “Stop cooking, Ted. We’re not going to eat. Jean has destroyed your car.”
Dad looked at her and said quietly, “Is she hurt?”
“No, except for biting her lip.”
“Well, then, what does that have to do with eating dinner?” He put a burger on a plate with the others, then walked across the yard and put his arm around me. “Let’s go inside and hear all about this if you’re sure you’re all right.” I sobbed and nodded.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The phone was ringing when we got to the back door.
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I graduated that evening with my family in attendance.
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【答案】One Possible Version:
The phone was ringing when we got to the back door. After answering the phone, my father understood what had happened. It turned out that the farmer called to ask whether I was safe or had any other injuries. Father assured him that I was safe and sound and offered to make up for the damage I caused to his truck. To our surprise, the farmer declined my father’s offer. Meanwhile, my mother helped treat my lip and swollen eyes with some ice. “Don’t worry about the car. Your safety matters most.” my father comforted me. To my great delight, they decided to accompany me to the graduation ceremony.
I graduated that evening with my family in attendance. With my parent’s company, I enjoyed an unforgettable and meaningful graduation ceremony. Even many years later, the laughter and sweet memory we shared together still lingered in my mind. Had it not been for my father’s unconditional love and encouragement, I would have been sunk in depression and guilt. I finished high school, growing into a loving and confident person. I was so grateful that my dad taught me what’s most valuable in my life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者去参加高中毕业典礼的路上，开着父亲的车去学校，结果在半路上遇到车祸，致使父亲的车被毁，但万幸的是，作者并无大碍。作者非常害怕被父亲责备，但最终受到父亲原谅的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们走到后门时，电话铃响了。”可知，第一段可描写农民打电话问作者是否安全，并拒绝作者补偿造成的损坏的提议，并且父母决定陪作者去参加毕业典礼。
②由第二段首句内容“那天晚上我毕业了，我的家人都出席了。”可知，第二段可描写在父母的陪伴下，我度过了一个难忘而有意义的毕业典礼。
2.续写线索：询问——拒绝补偿——安慰——参加毕业典礼——回忆——感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①接电话：answer the phone / pick up the telephone
②补偿：make up for / compensate
③决定做某事：decide to do sth. / determine to do sth.
情绪类
①令某人高兴的是：to one’s delight / to one’s joy
②感谢：be grateful / show my gratitude
【点睛】[高分句型1]. It turned out that the farmer called to ask whether I was safe or had any other injuries.（运用了that引导的主语从句和whether引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Had it not been for my father’s unconditional love and encouragement, I would have been sunk in depression and guilt.（运用了虚拟语气的倒装形式）