译林版高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit2突破语法大冲关课件+学案

过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态

一、过去进行时的被动语态

(一)过去进行时的被动语态构成

1．过去进行时的被动语态的肯定式为：was/were＋being＋done。

Another bridge was being built over the Yangtze River then.

那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。

2．过去进行时的被动语态的否定式为：was/were＋not＋being＋done。

The movie star wasn't being stalked by a fan.

那个电影明星没有被影迷跟踪。

3．过去进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将was/were提到主语的前面。

Was a new library being put up in their school just then?

他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？

4．过去进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词＋was/were(＋主语)＋being＋done。

What was being done to the machine?

对这台机器要采取了什么措施？

[即学即练1]　句型转换

①They were making the new tool at that time.(改为被动语态)

→The new tool was being made at that time.

②The article was being written by the little girl.(改为一般疑问句)

→Was the article being written by the little girl?

③Those tourists were being shown around the Revolutionary Resort.(改为特殊疑问句)

→Where were those tourists being shown?

(二)过去进行时的被动语态的基本用法

1．过去进行时的被动语态表示过去正在被进行的动作。

At this time last year this writing building was being built here.

去年此时这座写字楼正在建造中。

2．少数及物动词的过去进行时的被动语态表示按计划、安排将要承受某个动作。

I heard some rock music was being played by them the next week.

我听说下周将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。

[即学即练2]　完成句子

①宴会正在准备之中，这时外边下起了雪。

The feast was being prepared when it began to snow outside.

②他说为纪念公司成立60周年，许多活动都在筹划中。

He said many activities were being planned for the celebration of the company's 60th anniversary.

二、过去完成时的被动语态

(一)过去完成时的被动语态构成：had＋ been＋done

Three books had been given to him by me.

三本书已由我交给了他。

(二)过去完成时的被动语态的用法

1．过去完成时的被动语态表示过去发生的被动动作对后发生的动作产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。

I had been told the sports meet would be put off.

我已被告知运动会要被推迟。(结果：之前我知道运动会要被推迟)

All the preparations for the task had been done before we started.

在我们开始之前，任务的所有准备工作都已经完成了。(影响：我们开始前已具备条件)

[即学即练3]　用过去完成时的被动语态改写句子

①He had translated his newly written novel into English by the end of last month.

→His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last month.

②Having been warned by the teacher，they didn't make such mistakes.

→Because they had been warned by the teacher，they didn't make such mistakes.

③The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted.

→The suggestion which had been sent to the committee was adopted.

2．过去完成时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，并且有可能持续到说话时。可与for＋时间段或since＋时间点等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。

The machine had been repaired for two hours when I got there.

当我到那儿时，这台机器已被修了两小时了。(持续：当我到时已修了两个小时，可能已经修好，也可能没有修好，还要继续修)

I knew she hadn't been heard from since then.

我知道从那时候起，她就没来过信。(持续：从那以后，一直没收到她的信，以后也可能收不到)

3．过去完成时的被动语态经常用于虚拟语气中。

The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.

浓雾覆盖着整座城市。好像把一块巨大的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面一般。

[即学即练4]　完成句子/单句语法填空

①这种新产品经过试验后才进入了市场。

The new product had been tested out before it was put into market.

②如果乘客们的食物和水都用完了，他们就会死的。

The passengers would have died if their food and water had been run out of．

③The design of the new bridge had been finished (finish)by the end of last month.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．We went to the restaurant to have lunch，only to find that it was being decorated (decorate)．

2．Would you please keep silent? The weather report is being broadcast (broadcast)and I want to listen.

3．—So far，some measures have been taken(take)to prevent the environment from being destroyed.

—Yes.And now the wildlife in this area is being protected (protect)．

4．The trees were being planted (plant)from Monday to Friday last week by us.

5．With the development of science，more new technology is being introduced (introduce)to the fields of IT now.

6．Were the songs being sung (sing)these days?

7．Much progress is being made ( make)in science and technology in China.

8．After a whole afternoon's heated discussion，they finally declared to us what had been decided (decide)．

9．In the 1950s in the USA，most families had just one phone at home，and wireless phones hadn't been invented (not invent)yet.

10．Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached (reach)so far by the two sides.

Ⅱ.短文语法填空

Our school 1.was built (build)in 1932.She 2.had been destroyed (destroy)twice before the cultural revolution ended.By 1978，the school 3.had been used (use)for meetings or other activities.Several years later，she gradually came 4.to life again.By the end of last century，our school 5.had been regarded (regard)as a provincial model high school once again.When I came to study here，she 6.had been given (give)many honors both at home 7.and abroad.Before last year's anniversary of the founding of our school，most of the school's buildings 8.had been rebuilt (build)．Recently I was told that a new canteen 9.was being built (build)．I think our school will be 10.more beautiful (beautiful)．