高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 Exploring literature作业ppt课件

阅读Extended reading中的材料，选出最佳选项。

1．Where is the story set?

A．On a river.　　 B．On the sea.

C．In the kitchen. D．On the land.

2．Which adjective can be used to describe the old fisherman in the passage?

A．Humorous. B．Stubborn.

C．Strong. D．Tough.

3．Why couldn't the old man reach for the water although his mouth was too dry to speak?

A．Because his arms were not long enough.

B．Because the water was on another boat.

C．Because both of his hands were used to control the fish.

D．Because there was no water left on the boat.

4．Who did the old man say “Clear up，head” to?

A．Himself. B．The fish.

C．His fellow worker. D．His wife.

[答案]　1－4　BDCA

Words and Phrases

知识要点1　particular adj. 特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的

(教材P48)Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials.

尤其是教师，能在有趣的阅读材料方面提出建议。

[例]　I am not particular about my clothes while my wife minds what I wear.

我不怎么讲究着装，我的妻子却很在乎我穿什么。

[明辨异同]　particularly，specially

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The boy likes anything to do with nature in particular.

②We are particularly (particular) grateful to him for his timely help.

③Mary is going on a diet, so she is very particular over/about food.

④The boy likes the Internet games in particular/ particularly．

那个男孩特别喜欢网络游戏。

知识要点2　defeat vt. 击败，战胜 n．失败，战败；击败

(教材P53)He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be destroyed but not defeated”．他非常擅长描写硬汉的冒险经历，他认为这些硬汉“可以被摧毁，但不能被打败”。

[例]　The mayor defeated all opponents in the last election.

在上次竞选中，市长打败了所有的对手。

[明辨异同]　defeat，beat，win

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①His army was quickly defeated (defeat) by his enemy that week.

②Britain won (win) five gold medals in the last Olympic Games.

③The player was defeated (defeat) in the game，but he didn't lose heart.

④Whatever kind of challenges can not defeat her．

不管什么样的挑战都难不住她。

知识要点3　attempt vt.&n. 努力，尝试，试图

(教材P53)After coming in empty­handed for eighty­four days，Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.

圣地亚哥空手而归84天后，他试图捕捉一条大鱼。

[例]　Every time I attempt to convince her，but in vain.

每一次我都试图说服她，但都不起作用。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The boys attempted to leave (leave) for camping，but were stopped by their parents.

②The young man was arrested because of an attempted(attempt) robbery.

③She made an attempt at getting (get) in touch with them on the telephone, but nobody was home.

④I passed my driving test at the first attempt．

我第一次考驾照就通过了。

知识要点4　confused adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的，不清楚的，混乱的

(教材P54)Now you are getting confused in the head，he thought. 他想，现在你的脑子有点糊涂了。

[例]　If you're confused about anything, phone me. 如果你对什么事有疑问，打电话给我。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①What you said at the meeting was really confusing(confuse)．

②From her confused(confuse) look，I could tell that she couldn't understand the sentence.

③A man in confusion(confuse) cannot focus on the required work.

④The teacher is explaining what we were confused about．

老师正在讲解我们混淆不清的问题。

[小片段填空]

The confused look on his face suggested that he was confused  about the confusing questions asked by his parents.(confuse)

知识要点5　be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事

(教材P54)He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time.每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。

[例]　She was on the point of going to bed when there was a power failure.

她刚要去睡觉，这时突然停电了。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①I was about to leave (leave) when he came in that day.

②I had just finished my exam papers when the bell rang.

③He was on the point of saying (say) something when the phone rang.

④I was cooking when someone called at my house.

我正在做饭突然有人拜访我家。

标题归纳题

记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。设问形式常有：

1．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

2．What can be a suitable title for the passage/text?

3．What is the best title for this passage?

4．The most suitable title of this passage is ________．

一个好的标题应具备三大特点：概括——准确而又简短；针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；醒目——能引起读者的阅读兴趣。

[解题技巧]

“高度概括”定标题

(1)所选文章标题须能概括全文的中心内容。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。为吸引读者的注意，标题往往比较醒目。

(2)标题的选择要在阅读原文的基础上仔细考虑这句话或短语与文章主题是否有密切的联系，对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何，避免以下三种错误：概括不够(多表现为部分代替整体)；过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)；以事实或细节代替抽象概括的大意。

[例文]　

Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter，including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.

Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台)．The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California，including Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds，plastic­bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Among the bag makers' arguments：many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags，which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at，they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.

The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement：reusable shopping bags.The stronger a reusable bag is，the longer its life and the more plastic­bag use it cancels out.However，longer­lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.

Environmentalists don't dispute(质疑) these points.They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.

※What is the best title for the text?

A．Plastic，Paper or Neither

B．Industry，Pollution and Environment

C．Recycle or Throw Away

D．Garbage Collection and Waste Control

A　[本文讲述了使用塑料袋造成的环境问题；纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源；并希望消费者使用可重复使用的袋子。文章对这三个方面进行了对比，故Plastic，Paper or Neither既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，适合作为标题。]

[即学即练]

请快速确定下面这段文字的标题

In the fall of 1988，I visited many Buddhist temples，but after a while they all began to fade from my memories.However，there was one temple that left a great impression in my heart.

It is called the Temple of the Golden Buddha.After walking around it and taking some photos，I walked over to a glass case，next to which was a typewritten page describing the history of this magnificent piece of art.

Back in 1957 a group of monks from a monastery(修道院) had to relocate a clay Buddha from their temple to a new location.The monastery was to be relocated to make room for the development of a highway.When the crane(吊车) began to lift it，the weight of it was so large that it began to crack.What's more，rain began to fall.The head monk decided to lower the statue back to the ground and cover it with a large oilcloth to protect it from the rain.

Later that evening the head monk went to check on the Buddha.He shined his flash­light under the oilcloth to see if the Buddha was staying dry.As the light reached the crack，he noticed a little beam shining back and thought it strange.As he took a closer look at this beam of light，he wondered if there might be something underneath the clay.He went to fetch a chisel and hammer from the monastery and began to chip away at the clay.As he knocked off pieces of clay，the little beam grew brighter and bigger.Many hours of labor went by before the monk stood face to face with the extraordinary solid­gold Buddha.

Historians believe that several hundred years before the head monk's discovery，the army was about to invade the country.The monks，realizing that their country would soon be attacked，covered their precious golden Buddha with an outer covering of clay in order to keep their treasure from being robbed by the enemy.

Unfortunately，it appears that the enemy killed all the monks，and the well­kept secret of the golden Buddha remained uncovered until the day in 1957.

As I flew home I began to think to myself，“We are all like the clay Buddha covered with a shell of hardness created out of fear，and yet underneath each of us is a ‘golden Buddha’，a ‘golden Christ’，or a ‘golden spirit’，which is our real self.Somewhere along the way，from two and nine years of age，we begin to cover up our ‘golden spirit’，our natural self.Much like the monk with the hammer and the chisel，our task now is to discover our true spirit once again.”

※What might be the best title of the passage?

A．Visiting Buddhist Temples

B．The Golden Buddha

C．Protecting Their Country

D．Relocating the Buddha

[答案]　B