(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第二册 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第二册 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage (含答案)，共11页。





Ⅰ.认阅读单词
1．heritage n．遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
2．temple n．庙；寺
3．relic n．遗物；遗迹
4．clue n．线索；提示
5．cypress n．柏树
6．dam n．水坝；拦河坝
7．protest n．抗议 vi.& vt.(公开)反对；抗议
8．committee n．委员会
9．fund n．基金；专款
10．document n．文件；公文；(计算机)文档 vt.记录；记载(详情)
11．republic n．共和国
12．archaeologist n．考古学家
13．pyramid n．(古埃及的)金字塔；棱锥体
14．sheet n．一张(纸)；床单；被单
15．parade n．游行；检阅 vi.游行庆祝；游行示威
16．chiwen n．鸱吻
17．digital adj.数码的；数字显示的
18．cave n．山洞；洞穴
19．quote vt.引用
20．paraphrase n．，vi.& vt.(用更容易理解的文字)解释
21．the Nile尼罗河
22．Egypt埃及(国家名)
23．Egyptian adj.埃及的
24．UNESCO abbr.联合国教科文组织
25．Moscow莫斯科(俄罗斯首都)
26．the Forbidden City紫禁城
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．mount n．山峰 vt.爬上；骑上 vi.爬；登上
2．former adj.以前的；(两者中)前者的
3．preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区
4．likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地
5．department n．部；司；科
6．within prep.& adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
7．issue n．重要议题；争论的问题 vt.宣布；公布
8．conduct n．行为；举止；管理方法 vt.组织；安排；带领
9．attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试
10．worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
11．download vt.下载 n．下载；已下载的数据资料
12．entrance n．入口；进入
13．process n．过程；进程；步骤 vt.处理；加工
14．overseas adj.海外的 adv.在海外
15．exit n．出口；通道 vi.& vt.出去；离去
16．mirror n．镜子
17．roof n．顶部；屋顶
18．dragon n．龙
19．image n．形象；印象
20．throughout prep.各处；遍及；自始至终
21．quality n．质量；品质；素质；特征 adj.优质的；高质量的
22．further adv.(far的比较级)更远；进一步
23．opinion n．意见；想法；看法
24．contrast n．对比；对照 vt.对比；对照
25．forever adv.永远；长久地
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→create vt.创造→creativity n．创造性；创造力→creation n．作品；创造
2．promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→promotion n．提升；推销；晋级
3．application n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→apply vt.& vi.申请；应用→applicant n．申请人→app n．应用程序；应用软件(application的缩略形式)
4．balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡→balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的
5．proposal n．提议；建议→propose vt.提议；建议
6．establish vt.建立；创立→establishment n．建立；创立
7．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的；受限制的→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的
8．prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→prevention n．防止；预防→preventive adj.预防性的；防备的
9．loss n．丧失；损失→lose vt.丢失→lost adj.迷路的；失去的
10．contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助
11．investigate vi.& vt.调查；研究→investigation n．调查；研究
12．donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠；赠送→donor n．捐赠者；捐赠人
13．disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→disappearance n．消失；灭绝→(反义词)appear vi.出现→appearance n．出现；外表
14．professional adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员；职业选手→profession n．专业；职业→professor n．教授
15．forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕 vt.对不起；请原谅→forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕
16．tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditional adj.传统的
17．historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→history n．历史→historian n．历史学家→historical adj.(有关)历史的；历史上的
18．comparison n．比较；相比→compare vt.& vi.与……相比较
19．identify vt.确认；认出；找到→identity n．身份→identification n．识别；身份证明(文件)
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．take part in参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
2．give way to让步；屈服
3．keep balance保持平衡
4．lead to导致
5．make a proposal提出建议
6．turn to向……求助
7．prevent...from...阻止；不准
8．donate...to...向……捐赠……
9．make sure确保；设法保证
10．all over the world在世界各地

1．average adj.平均的；普通的 n．平均数
2．awful adj.可怕的
3．awkward adj.尴尬的；笨拙的
4．bacterium(复bacteria) n．细菌
5．baggage n．行李
6．bare adj.空的；赤裸的
7．bargain n．(经讨价还价之后)成交的商品；廉价货vi.讨价还价
8．barrier n．障碍；隔阂

1．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.(There comes a time when...)
新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
2．Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.(not only位于句首，引起部分倒装)
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
3．It is said that it’s a mirror that can tell right from wrong！(It is＋v.-ed＋that...)
据说这是一面可以分辨是非的镜子！
4．As one researcher who is working on the project explains，“Appreciating one’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself...”(as引导非限制性定语从句)
正如一位从事该项目的研究人员所解释的：“欣赏本国文化遗产，有助于了解我们自己……”
5．As they learn more about where they come from，they will hopefully be proud to tell others about their country and culture.(where引导的宾语从句)
当他们更多地了解他们从哪里来，他们将有希望自豪地向别人介绍他们的国家和文化。

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。

A new high-speed railway was to be built through the small town.However，an archaeologist protested against its construction，because it meant an old temple which was regarded as the only historic heritage would likely 1.disappear.If the relevant departments gave way to him，it would lead to a great loss of money.How to creatively keep a 2.balance between construction and protection was a challenging issue.A committee was established to 3.prevent the temple from being damaged.They made sure that they would investigate relevant clues and conduct necessary research in an 4.attempt to solve the problem.The members referred to former documents，and turned to professionals from all over the world for advice.They made many proposals.At last，by comparison，they found that the application of the digital image technology could be a solution.Throughout the process，many overseas experts took part in the project.Many locals donated money and made great 5.contributions to it.At last，the temple was 6.preserved well.The locals held a parade for it.In their opinion，it was worthwhile protecting good traditions and 7.promoting further appreciation of heritage.They would not forgive those who damaged relics forever.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区
•preserve...from/against...保护……免受……
•well-preserved保存良好的
•nature preserve自然保护区

(1)Some students are searching for clues to creatively preserve the old temple on Mount Tai from/against being damaged.
(2)我们呼吁政府建立更多的自然保护区以保护野生动物免于灭绝。(话题写作之野生动物保护)
We appeal to the government to build more nature preserves to preserve wild animals from/against dying out.

balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡(balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的)
•keep/lose (one’s) balance保持/失去(某人的)平衡
keep a balance between A and B在A和B之间保持平衡
•balance...against权衡，比较

(1)如果你能够保持均衡饮食来保持身体健康，这会是一个好主意。(应用文写作之建议信)
It would be a good idea if you could keep a balanced diet to keep physically healthy.
(2)为了更有效地学习，你最好在线上学习和线下学习之间保持平衡。
(2021·全国乙，书面表达)
To study more efficiently，you’d better keep a balance between online learning and offline learning.
(3)我踩到香蕉皮，失去平衡，趴在地上，路人放声大笑。(读后续写之动作链描写)
I stepped on a banana skin，lost my balance and fell flat on the ground，passers-by screaming with laughter.
(4)在做出最终决定前，你最好权衡利弊。
Before making the final decision，you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地
•sb./sth.be likely to do sth.某人/某物有可能做某事
It is likely that...可能……
•It is probable that...很可能……
•It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)可能做某事
It is possible that...可能……凶猛的野兽很可能藏在黑漆漆的灌木丛中，简顿时感到脊背发凉。

(1)It was likely that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes and a shiver ran down Jane’s spine.(it作形式主语；likely)
(2)Fierce wild beasts were likely to be hiding in the dark bushes and a shiver ran down Jane’s spine.(be likely to do)
(3)It was probable that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes and a shiver ran down Jane’s spine.(it作形式主语；probable)
limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定(limited adj.有限的，受限制的 limitless adj.无限的；无尽的)
•set a limit to/on限制……
beyond the limit超过限度
There is a/no limit to (to为介词)...……是有限的/无限的。
•limit...to...把……限定在……范围内

(1)Life is limited(limit)，but there is no limit to serving(serve) the people.
(2)We must set a limit on/to the number of tourists to protect the old temple from being further damaged.
(3)要求你的文章限制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度，将不被录用。(应用文写作之征文通知)
You are required to limit your essay to 800 words.If your essay is beyond the limit，it will not be accepted.
contribution n．捐献；贡献；捐赠(contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助；贡献；投稿；导致)
•make contributions/a contribution to对……做出贡献；捐款
•contribute...to...把……贡献给……
contribute to(to为介词)有助于；导致；是……的一个原因；捐款；投稿

(1)I attempt to contribute three articles to the newspaper on a monthly basis.
(2)我建议每个人都应为环保做出贡献。(应用文写作之环境保护)
I make a proposal that everyone (should) make contributions/a contribution to environmental protection.
(3)在我看来，经常读英文报纸的确有助于提高我的英语水平。
(2021·新高考全国 Ⅰ，应用文写作)
In my opinion，reading the English newspaper regularly does contribute to improving my English level.
attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试(attempted adj.未遂的；企图的)
•attempt to do/at doing...尝试(试图)做……
•make an attempt to do/at doing...尝试做……
at the first attempt第一次尝试

(1)A man who is related to last night’s attempted(attempt) murder is being questioned.
(2)在接下来的几天里，我们试图到处寻找我们的爱犬Spotty，但都是徒劳。
In the next few days，we attempted/made an attempt to search for/at searching for our beloved dog Spotty in each and every corner，but in vain.
(3)我们第一次尝试没能把爆米花卖出去，这使我们既沮丧又悲伤。
(2020·新高考全国 Ⅰ，读后续写)
We failed to sell popcorn at the first attempt，which made us depressed and sad.
lead to导致(to为介词)
lead sb.to do...使某人做……
lead sb.to...引导某人到……
lead the way带路
lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走
lead a...life过……的生活

(1)In my opinion，curiosity is very important because it leads to discovery or invention.
(2)Now our former teacher travels all over the world and leads a content life.
(3)Tom’s studying hard led him to obtain(obtain) high scores in the College Entrance Examination.
(4)有了那位老人带路，我们终于走出了树林。(with的复合结构)
With the old man leading the way，we finally walked out of the woods.
(5)俗话说，“条条大路通罗马”。
As the old saying goes，“All roads lead to Rome.”
turn to向……求助；转向；致力于；翻到；查阅
turn down调小(音量等)；拒绝
turn in上交
turn up调大(音量等)；出现
turn off关上
turn out结果是；证明是
turn on打开

(1)Whenever you get into trouble，don’t hesitate to turn to me for help.(应用文写作之建议信)
(2)My proposal got turned down，which bathed me in extreme sadness.
(3)We were anxious to wait for him in the sun，but he never turned up yet.
(4)Anyone who is to take part in the activity must turn in the relevant application within five days.
(5)The activity whose theme was “Labor Is the Most Glorious” turned out to be very successful.(2019·北京，书面表达)
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。

not only...but also...不仅……而且……，连接两个平行结构，当连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据but also 后的名词决定单复数(就近原则)；而且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。

(1)为了提高英语口语，他们不仅在课堂上说英语而且在宿舍里也说英语。到目前为止，不仅Tom，而且他的其他同学也都取得了巨大进步。(话题写作之语言学习)
In order to improve oral English，they speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory.So far not only Tom but also his other classmates have made great progress.
(2)英文报Youth不仅丰富了枯燥的校园生活而且增强了我的学习能力。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
①The English newspaper Youth not only enriches my boring campus life but also strengthens my learning ability.
②Not only does the English newspaper Youth enrich my boring campus life but it also strengthens my learning ability.(倒装句)
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
There comes a time when...可看成是一种语序倒装形式，即here，there等副词置于句首且主语是名词时，要把谓语动词提到主语前边；也可看成是there be句型的变体，即用其他动词如：come，stand，lie，live，appear等词代替be动词。

(1)到了我们必须采取有效措施阻止许多濒临灭绝的物种消失的时候了。
There comes a time when we must take effective measures to prevent many endangered species from disappearing.
(2)山脚下有一条小河，我们经常在那里欣赏美景。
There lies/is a small river at the foot of the hill，where we often appreciate the beautiful scenery.
(3)这座城市里曾住着一对富有的夫妇，他们经常给穷人捐许多钱。
There once lived a rich couple in the city who often contributed much money to the poor.
(4)似乎没有比制作爆米花更好的方式去帮助伯纳德了。(2020·新高考全国 Ⅰ，读后续写)
There appeared to be no better way to help Bernard than making popcorn.
(5)这儿有一些如何解决这个难题的建议。
Here are some suggestions/proposals on how to solve the difficult problem.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．turn to

(1)At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help. B
(2)It is time that he turned his mind to more serious problems. D
(3)Open your books，turn to Page 21，read Part B carefully，and then finish it with the correct words from the box. A
(4)Don’t always turn to the dictionary when you come across a new word. C
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)I must change my bed sheets now because they are so dirty.被单；床单
(2)She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.投稿
(3)I must congratulate him on his being promoted to general manager.晋升
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．It is highly important to preserve varieties of dialects from dying(die) out.
2．The application (apply) of new technologies helps to protect classic music.
3．From my point of view，work and life are of equal importance，so you should keep a balance between them.
4．People who appreciate others’ efforts are more likely to be regarded (regard) as respectable people.
5. No matter when the boy meets with a difficult problem related to study，he will turn to the Internet.
6. Despite the ups and downs in our history，nobody can prevent our culture developing(develop) forward.
7．Donations from billions of people contributed to the recovery of the earthquake-hit area.
8．He struggled with the vocabulary and attempted to remember(remember) as many words as possible.
9．When we refer to processed(process) food，which is a major problem globally，many people hold a negative attitude.
10．Not only he but also I am(be)fond of calligraphy，so we often discuss how to improve our handwriting together.

Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)——五公里越野赛
1．据说500多名学生参加了上周举行的5公里越野赛。(It is said that...)
It is said that more than 500 students participated in the 5-kilometer cross-country running race held last week.
2．发令枪一响，参赛者们都知道必须挑战自我的时候到了。(there comes a time when...)
When the starting gun rang，all the participants knew there came a time when they had to challenge themselves.

3．正如我们所料，同学们积极参与，使得这场比赛很成功。(as引导的非限制性定语从句)
As we had expected，the students participated actively，which made the race a success.
4．当很多同学发现终点线难以到达时，他们没有放弃。(when引导的时间状语从句)
When many students found that the finishing line was difficult to reach，they didn’t give up.
5．通过参加这次赛跑，我们不仅锻炼了身体，而且还增强了意志力。(not only位于句首，引起部分倒装)
By taking part in the race，not only did we build up our body，but also we strengthened our willpower.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
at a loss不知所措；茫然
2．动作描写
protest n．抗议 vi.& vt.(公开)反对；抗议
identify vt.确认；认出；找到
establish vt.建立；创立
preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区
conduct vt.组织；安排；带领 n．行为；举止；管理方法
attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试
forgive vt.& vi.原谅；宽恕 vt.对不起；请原谅
proposal n．提议；建议→propose vt.提议；建议
prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠
disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
(2020·1月浙江，读后续写)
我们的爱犬Poppy也茫然失措，举止不像往常。Poppy整日愁眉苦脸，我们非常担心她。为了阻止她受到伤害，我们尝试使她高兴起来，但是她抗议我们的每次尝试。最终，我建议给Poppy再要只小狗。看到自己又有了玩伴，Poppy开心地笑了，温柔地叫着，高兴地直摇尾巴。她抑郁的情绪最终消失了。Poppy和小狗立即建立了友谊。
Our beloved dog，Poppy，was also at a loss and didn’t conduct herself as usual.Poppy frowned and grieved all day long and we were concerned about her very much.To prevent her from being hurt，we made every attempt to cheer her up.But she protested against our every attempt.Finally，I proposed that we get a little dog for Poppy.Seeing that she had a playmate again，Poppy smiled happily，barked gently and wagged her tail cheerfully and constantly.Her gloomy moods finally disappeared.Poppy and the little dog established a friendship immediately.