中考英语复习第25讲代词与连词精讲课件

这是一份中考英语复习第25讲代词与连词精讲课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了考点探究突破，考向一辨人称，考向二辨形式，him，them，she，B物主代词，hers， yours， their等内容，欢迎下载使用。

分析杭州近五年的中考真题可知，代词为必考考点。在完形填空、语法填空、单词拼写题中均有考查，且人称代词、物主代词与反身代词为考查的重点；普通不定代词和复合不定代词偶有考查。【中考要求】1.熟练运用人称代词和物主代词。 2.理解反身代词的基本用法。 3.掌握指示代词、疑问代词和不定代词sme，any的用法。
考点1：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一览表
“辨人称”指的是选项的形式相同，人称不同。如：选项都是人称代词主格(we，yu，they和she)或选项都是形容词性物主代词(my，yur，her，his)。针对此类试题，考生需要根据题干中的提示词及语境判断应该用哪一人称，其中一、二人称比较容易判断，一般都有对应人称的提示词。第三人称的区分方法具体如下：
　1.若所填词指代的是题干中的lady，wman，mther，aunt，sister，girl，madam，Miss，Mary，Grace等代表女性的名词或名字，应用与she相关的词(she，her，hers，herself)。如：　The wman ver there is ur maths teacher.She is friendly t us.那边的那位女士是我们的数学老师。她对我们很友好。(The wman提示要用She)
2.若所填词指代的是题干中的gentleman，man，father，uncle，brther，by，sir，Mr.，David，Jhn等代表男性的名词或名字，应用与he相关的词(he，him，his，himself)。如：My uncle is a singer.I like his sngs very much.我叔叔是一名歌手。我很喜欢他的歌曲。(My uncle提示要用his)
3.若所填词指代的是题干中的the bk，a dg，this flwer，friendship等表示某个物品、某个动植物或抽象概念的名词，应用与it相关的词(it，its，itself)。如：Lk at the dg！It is s cute.看那只狗！它太可爱了。(the dg提示要用It)
4.若所填词指代的是题干中的many peple，a grup f students，the bks等表示第三人称复数的词，应用与they相关的词( they，them，their，theirs，themselves)。如：There are many peple n the square.They are dancing.广场上有很多人。他们在跳舞。(many peple提示要用They)
　“辨形式” 指的是选项中的人称相同，但是形式不同。如：选项都是第一人称(I，my，mine，myself)。解答此类试题的关键是掌握人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的用法，分析句子结构，判断所缺部分在句中所作的成分，然后选出正确答案。人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的常见用法如下：
A)人称代词人称代词的用法
【巧学妙记】 人称代词 人称代词有两格，分为主格和宾格； 主格句中作主语，宾语用的是宾格； 名首、动前用主格，动后介后用宾格。
1.Jay Chu released his new album in June. Many fans cheered fr _____(he) n likes my grandma because _____(she) is friendly and kind.3.—Mary and her classmates are busy preparing fr their final examinatin.—That's why yu can always see ______(they) learn in the library.4.—Wh is the man in black ver there？—Mr. Smith. He teaches ____(we) math.5.—Where did yu g fr yur winter vacatin？ —My family went t Paris. _____(we) had a great time.
【巧学妙记】物主代词用法口诀形物代词能力差，自己不能来当家；句子当中作定语，后面要把名词加；名物代词能力强，自己独来又独往；句子成分主表宾，后面名词不再加。注意：物主代词不能和this，that，sme，a，an，the等词连用。
6.Mary chatted with a friend f _____(she) n WeChat fr a lng time last ， can yu d me a favr？ My camera is brken. Can I brrw ______ (yu) fr a cuple f days？8.The yung cuple dreamed f having a flat f ______(they) wn sme day in the flwers seem dying while ______(we) lk very is my friend. _____(she) name is Betty.
C)反身代词反身代词的用法
【拓展】反身代词固定搭配
enjy neself 玩得愉快help neself(t) 自用(食物等)dress neself 自己穿衣服teach neself(＝learn by neself) 自学hurt neself 伤了某人自己
by neself 单独地，独自地，亲自lk after neself 照顾自己smile t neself 暗笑take care f neself 照顾自己keep sth.t neself 保密
11.Simn entered the library， fund _________(he) a seat by the windw and started his she enjy ________(she) at the party last weekend？13.“Hw can I explain my being late tday？” Julie asked ________(she) befre entering the culd lk after ____________(they) when they were six.
【考向三】辨人称＋辨形式　　“辨人称＋辨形式”指的是选项中人称不同，形式也不同。如：I，he，him，them。考生可结合考向一 和考向二的内容分步解题。　　例：I will help the ld wman clean 　C　 rm n the cming weekend. A. she B.he C.her D.their　　【方法点拨1】第①步：分析语境：在即将到来的周末，我将帮助这位老妇人打扫　　　房间；第②步：辨人称：结合语境及the ld wman可知应选与she相关的代词，排除B、D；第③步：辨形式：所填词在句中作定语，修饰rm，应用形容词性物主代词，排除A。
【方法点拨2】第①步：分析语境：在即将到来的周末，我将帮助这位老妇人打扫　　　房间；第②步：辨形式：所填词在句中作定语，修饰rm，应用形容词性物主代词，排除A、B；第③步：辨人称：结合语境及the ld wman可知应选与she相关的代词，排除D。
考点2：普通不定代词
杭州中考对普通不定代词的考查，以初中常见普通不定代词的用法辨析为主，尤其侧重考查“意义相近”的不定代词辨析，具有一定的难度。因此，结合语境或句中关键词，明确代词指代的对象是解题的关键，考生需特别注意以下六点：
①指范围：两者还是三者或三者以上；②看语气：肯定概念还是否定概念；③特指还是泛指；④指代可数名词还是不可数名词；⑤是否可构成固定搭配；⑥其后所跟名词、谓语是单数还是复数形式。
B)常考的普通不定代词的区别
1.bth，either与neither
2.all，any与nne
注意：nne代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。如：Nne f the infrmatin is crrect.这些信息都不正确。Nne f the sldiers are(is) afraid f difficulties.战士们都不怕困难。
4.much与many
5.辨析a little，little，a few与few
6.辨析ther(s)，the ther(s)与anther
根据句意用适当的不定代词填空。15.Laura and Rick are gd friends. They _____(bth/all) like playing tennis.16.—Hw many peple are there in yur classrm？—______(Nne/Nbdy). All the students have gne hme.17.—Wuld yu like sme juice r cffee？—_________(Either/Neither). I'd like a glass f water.18.—Which f the tw shirts shuld I buy， Mm？—_________(Bth/Either) f them. Yu can chse the ne yu like better.
19.Mr. Wu is a kind man. He always takes little but gives ________ (much/many) asked Lisa fr sme milk， but she didn't have _____(sme/any).
考点3：复合不定代词 解答相关试题的时候，首先要分析语境或找出句中的关键词，并明确所指代的对象：①指代人还是指代物；②肯定概念还是否定概念；③是否涉及固定句型。A)初中阶段常见的复合不定代词辨析 由sme-，any-，every-，n-与-ne，-bdy，-thing构成的代词为复合不定代词。常见如下表：
注意：以sme-和any-开头的复合不定代词的用法与sme和any的用法一样。
B)复合不定代词的用法1.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Nbdy knws his name.没有人知道他的名字。2.形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，要放其后。如：There is smething imprtant in tday's newspaper.今天的报纸上有一些重要新闻。Is there anybdy else in the rm？房间里还有别人吗？
3.复合不定代词的常考固定句型：There is smething wrng with... ……出问题了。 如：There is smething wrng with the car.这辆汽车出问题了。 smething/nthing t d with... ……与……有/无关。 如：The case has nthing t d with me.这件事与我无关。
根据句意用适当的不定代词填空。21.When Jn reached int his pcket， he was surprised t find _________in it. It was empty！22.If smething is wrng， fix it if yu can. D nt wrry. Wrry never fixes __________.23.A rbt shw will be held in July， but _________knws the date fr is imprtant t __________， s there are many water festivals arund the wrld.
25.—Is there ________ else in the classrm？—It is empty. ___________ is listening t a speech in the schl hall.
注意：①this/that也可用于电话用语中，this代表自己，that则代表对方。如：—Hell！Wh is that？你好！你是哪位？—Hell！This is Jane speaking.你好！我是简。②在疑问句中，若句子主语是this/that/these/thse时，回答用it或they来代替。如：—Is this/that yur car？这/那是你的车吗？—Yes，it is.是的，它是。
③为了保持句子的平衡，可以用it来代替动词不定式，在句子中作形式主语或形式宾语。如：It's very interesting t swim in the river.在河中游泳非常有趣。
【拓展】it的特殊用法1.it作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：①It is/was＋adj.(＋fr/f sb.)＋t d sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……”/“(某人)做某事真是太……”。②It's time t d/fr/that...意为“到……的时间了”。③It seems/seemed that...意为“看起来……，似乎……，好像……”。④It's ne's turn t d sth.意为“轮到某人做某事了”。⑤It takes/tk sb.sme time t d sth.意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
2.作形式宾语，常用在find/think/believe等动词后。如：I fund it imprtant t learn English well.我发现学好英语是重要的。3.用it来代替天气、时间、距离等。如：—What's the weather like tday？今天天气怎么样？—It's fine.今天天气晴朗。It's time t g t bed.睡觉的时间到了。Hw far is it frm here t the statin？从这里到车站有多远？
根据句意用适当的指示代词填空。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　26.Sam finds sweeping rbts useful， and he plans t buy ___ fr his grandma.27.—This bk n idims is interesting. I'd like it. Where did yu buy ____， Simn？—In the Amazn Bkstre.28.—Linda， Mther's Day is cming. What will yu buy fr yur mther as a gift？—I find scarves beautiful， s I plan t buy _____fr her.
29.I fund ___ difficult fr me t finish the wrk n time.30.—The ppulatin f China is larger than ______ f India.—Yes， but India's ppulatin is increasing rapidly.
考点5：疑问代词疑问代词有wh，whm，whse，what，which等，用来引导特殊疑问句。其形式和用法如下：
根据句意用适当的疑问代词填空。31.—______d yu usually share happiness with？—My parents and my best friend.32.—____________ did yu write t last night？—A pen pal.33.—_______ sprt will yu take part in， Peter？—The bys' 800-meter race.
34.—________dictinary is this？ It's nice.—I think it is Mary's.35.—_______des Zhng Nanshan d？—He's a dctr. He's als a her！
分析近五年杭州中考真题可知，连词为每年必考点。完形填空多考从属连词辨析，单词拼写主要考查从属连词的拼写；语法填空多考并列连词辨析，从属连词偶有考查。【中考要求】熟练运用常用连词。
注意：1.“祈使句＋r＋结果句”结构与“If yu dn't...，yu'll...”同义，其中r意为“否则”。如：Hurry up，r yu will be late.快点，否则你就迟到了！＝If yu dn't hurry up，yu will be late.如果不快点，你就会迟到了。2.nt nly... but als...，neither... nr...和either... r...连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致；连接两个主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
根据句意用适当的连词填空。1.It's easy t get there. Yu can _______ride a bike ___take a bus.2.—Wh will teach yu t swim this summer？—The twins.______Lily ______Lucy swim very well.3.“This is ur first lessn， ____ I dn't knw all yur names，” said Miss tried t be brave， _____ her curage always failed her. 5.The film Hi， Mm is interesting ____ we all want t see it.
注意：1.if意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句；意为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句。如：Culd yu tell me if they'll cme tmrrw？你能告诉我他们明天会来吗？Yu can g ut t play if yu finish yur hmewrk.如果你的作业做完了，你就可以出去玩了。
2.从属连词和都表示“如此……以至于……”，但用法不同。结构中的s为副词，后面接形容词或副词；中的such为形容词，后面接名词(名词前可以有形容词或副词等修饰词)。如：He was such a clever by that he thught ut a very gd idea.＝He was s clever a by that he thught ut a very gd idea.这个男孩很聪明，想出了一个非常好的办法。
一、根据句意用适当的从属连词填空。6.The bk was s interesting that Jim had read it fr three hurs ________ he realized Chen has been teaching in this schl ______she was 26 years Mr. Liu is ver sixty years ld， he still plans t learn a secnd buses went by in the ppsite directin _______we were waiting at the bus dn't learn English well， yu will miss the chance t travel abrad.
Thugh/Althugh
11.__________he drives r takes a bus， Mr. Miller will be here n cannt see the star clearly ________ the sky is very clear.
二、根据短文内容，用适当的连词填空。 If yu ften d exercise， the fllwing suggestins are gd fr yu. Warm up. It is imprtant t warm up first. Yu need t stretch yur legs， arms， back and neck 13._________ yu d sme activities like running. Find prper places t exercise. Yu d nt need t spend a lt f mney exercising 14._________ yu can run r play sprts in a park r in yur schl gym. Yu dn't need t buy exercise equipment. It's easy t get yur bdy mving withut any equipment.
D what yu like. Chse a sprt that yu are interested in， 15._____ then yur exercise will be fun. Als， yu need t exercise several times each week. 16.____ yu exercise fr 30 minutes each time， yu may stay healthy. Drink enugh water. It is imprtant t drink water when yu exercise. Yur bdy needs water fr energy and fr keeping cl. Be careful. If yu hurt yurself 17.____________ yu are exercising， stp at nce. Yu shuld rest 18.__________ yu feel better. Exercising when yu are hurt is bad fr yur health.