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2022淮安淮安区高二上学期期中英语试卷Word含解析
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这是一份2022淮安淮安区高二上学期期中英语试卷Word含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021～2022学年度第一学期期中调研测试试题
高二英语
（本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do this afternoon?
A. Go to the park. B. Take pictures. C. Have a class.
2. What is the main reason for the woman to buy a beach chair?
A. She hates to get burned.
B. She wants something to sit on.
C. She needs to put her towels on it.
3. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Send a card. B. Use the Internet. C. Make a phone call.
4. How much money will the man probably lend to the woman?
A. $400. B. $300. C. $100.
5. Why does the woman want fewer peppers in her food today?
A. She feels too hot. B. She has a health problem. C. She doesn’t like spicy food.
第二节: (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答6-7题。
6. What will the speakers do next?
A. Visit a university. B. Take a holiday. C. Unload bags.
7. Where are the speakers probably?
A. On a train. B. In a car. C. On a bus.
听下面一段对话，回答8-9题
8. Where does Aunt Katie live?
A. By the sea. B. On a hill. C. In a city.
9. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Aunt and nephew. B. Brother and sister. C. Guide and tourist.
听下面一段较长对话，回答10-12小题。
10. Who felt sad about the news in the paper?
A. Susan. B. Nat Baker. C. Susan’s grandma.
11. Why have the plans for the community center been postponed?
A. There is not enough money.
B. People prefer the old library.
C. The senior citizens dislike the idea.
12. What does the man think of the old community center on Elm Street?
A. It is very big.
B. It isn’t well equipped.
C. It isn’t suitable for the elderly.
听下面一段对话，回答13-16题。
13. What is the business of the man’s company?
A. They process natural diamonds.
B. They create the biggest diamonds.
C. They produce human-made diamonds.
14 What is currently the most significant advantage of the company?
A. The successful marketing team.
B. The modern production method.
C. The man’s global business contacts.
15. How does the woman plan to help people?
A. By making jewelry more affordable.
B. By solving problems in the jewelry industry.
C. By improving labor conditions at her local mine.
16. What is the man’s attitude to diamond business?
A. Positive. B. Uncertain. C. Negative.
听下面一段独白，回答17-20题。
17. What should you focus on for the introduction?
A. Your hobbies.
B. Your name and schooling.
C. Something about the job interests.
18. How long does most people’s attention last according to the talk?
A. At least half an hour. B. About twenty minutes. C. Less than two minutes.
19. What is the time limit for impressing someone?
A. Within 30 seconds. B. Within 60 seconds. C. Within 120 seconds.
20. What is the purpose of the talk?
A. To stress the importance of resumes.
B. To give tips about self-introduction.
C. To explain a recent scientific research.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In the near future, daily newspapers and monthly magazines will probably disappear. Electronic media can provide the same information faster and cheaper. The Internet, together with laptops and mobile phones, makes it possible that almost everyone can at any time and in almost any place get some news for free or for few fees.
You’ll browse the computer newspapers or magazines just like turning on TV. An electronic voice will tell you stories about the latest events. You’ll even get to choose the kind of voice you want to hear. Want more information on the brief story? A simple touch makes the whole text appear.
There are the predictions from the experts working on the newspapers of the future. Imagined as part of home media and entertainment systems, computer newspapers and magazines would unite printed and broadcast news, offering information and analyzing video images of news events.
The continuing loss of readers will lead to a small number of advertisements in newspapers. It makes no sense to spend millions of dollars to print ads.
With the development of technology, more and more electronic media have been created until now, but replacing the traditional newspapers and magazines has a long way to go, because the resistance to computer newspapers and magazines from journalism may be much stronger. Since it is such a cultural change, it may be not until the present journalists, who aren’t used to it, die off that the newspaper industry is not considered as an industry any longer. Anyway, technology is making the traditional newspapers and magazines disappear gradually.
1. Computer newspapers and magazines have all the advantages EXCEPT that ________ .
A. you can choose the kind of voice you like to hear
B. they are more expensive than traditional newspapers
C. you can get more information from them easily
D. you can easily store information for the future use
2. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. all technological developments are very important
B. traditional newspapers and magazines will disappear soon
C. new things will replace the old ones in the future
D. traditional newspapers and magazines will be more popular
3. The author writes the article to ________.
A. tell readers what newspapers and magazines are like in the future
B. let people know the great development of the journalism
C. prove newspapers and magazines are not welcomed any more
D. say traditional newspapers and magazines are better than before
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了随着科技的发展，传统的报刊杂志在逐渐退出历史舞台，电子报刊媒体正在迅速发展，虽然要取代传统报刊杂志还有很长的路要走，但新事物终将取代旧的。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The Internet, together with laptops and mobile phones, makes it possible that almost everyone can at any time and in almost any place get some news for free or for few fees.（互联网，加上笔记本电脑和手机，使得几乎每个人都可以在任何时间、任何地点免费或付少量费用获得一些新闻）”和第二段的“You’ll even get to choose the kind of voice you want to hear. （你甚至可以选择你想听到的声音）”可知，电子报刊媒体的优势有：让人们获得信息更容易，让人们免费或支付很少的费用就可以获取信息，可以选择想听到的声音。B项“它们比传统报纸贵”不是电子报刊媒体的优势。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Anyway, technology is making the traditional newspapers and magazines disappear gradually.（无论如何，科技正在使传统的报纸和杂志逐渐消失）”推知，新的东西将来会取代旧的，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据整篇文章可知，本文主要讲述了随着科技的发展，传统的报刊杂志在逐渐的退出历史舞台，电子报刊媒体正在迅速发展，虽然要取代传统报刊杂志还有很长的路要走，但新事物终将取代旧的。由此推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是让人们知道新闻事业的巨大发展。故选B。
【点睛】
B
Brazil sports are out of control! Brazil may be one of the most sportscrazy countries in the world. Whether you are into watching or playing, Brazil sports have a lot to offer everyone.
Football in Brazil is more than a sport. It's a way of life. Football is popular in Brazil for several reasons. One reason is that it is fast paced and fun to watch. This is the reason why the World Cup Soccer is the most watched sports event in the world aside from the Summer Olympics. Also, you don't need anything to play soccer except for something to kick, and a big area in which to play. Few will argue if you say that Brazil leads the world in football. No nation has won as many world cups as Brazil.
Volleyball is a close second in Brazil sports. In the world of international volleyball, Brazil wins many championships of all kinds, including indoor and beach volleyball. Brazil has nearly 5,000 miles of coastline. If you go to a beach in Brazil, there will always be a volleyball game going on somewhere, and usually two or three.
Footvolley was created in Brazil in the 1960s. It is a mix of football and volleyball, where the players must use their feet and head to get the ball over the net and into the opponents' court, and is also played in sand. It is one of the most popular beach sports in Brazil.
Swimming, tennis, rugby, boxing, judo, sailing, golf, surfing, and handball are all greatly popular in Brazil.
4. We infer that this passage was written to ________.
A. explain why football is so popular in Brazil
B. encourage us to do sports as people in Brazil do
C. tell us the history of several sports in Brazil
D. introduce several very popular sports in Brazil
5. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest?
A. Sports are extremely popular in Brazil.
B. All kinds of sports are played in Brazil.
C. Brazil athletes are out of control.
D. Brazil athletes are not well educated.
6. From Paragraph 2, we learn most people believe that ________.
A. football is the most popular sport in every country
B. people don't need anything to play soccer
C. Brazil has won every World Cup Soccer
D. Brazil leads the world in football
7. According to the writer, what is the second most popular sport in Brazil?
A. Football. B. Volleyball. C. Footvolley. D. Tennis.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴西的运动，足球很受欢迎，排球是第二个受欢迎的，巴西赢得了很多奖项，Foot-volley是一项混合了足球和排球的运动，也是巴西最受欢迎的沙滩运动之一。还有其他的运动。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的“Football in Brazil is more than a sport. （在巴西，足球不仅仅是一项运动）”，第三段的“Volleyball is a close second in Brazil sports. （排球在巴西排名第二）”，第四段的“Footvolley was created in Brazil in the 1960s.（Footvolley于20世纪60年代在巴西诞生）”和最后一段的“Swimming, tennis, rugby, boxing, judo, sailing, golf, surfing, and handball are all greatly popular in Brazil.（游泳、网球、橄榄球、拳击、柔道、帆船、高尔夫、冲浪和手球在巴西都很受欢迎）”可推知，本文的主要目的是介绍巴西的运动。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Brazil may be one of the most sports-crazy countries in the world.Whether you are into watching or playing, Brazil sports have a lot to offer everyone.”可知，巴西可能是世界上最热衷于运动的国家之一。无论你喜欢观看还是玩，巴西的体育运动都为每个人提供了很多。由此可知，划线部分是说在巴西运动很受欢迎。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Few will argue if you say that Brazil leads the world in football. No nation has won as many world cups as Brazil.”可知，如果你说巴西在足球方面领先世界，很少有人会争辩。由此推知，巴西的足球引领世界。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Volleyball is a close second in Brazil sports.”可知，排球在巴西体育中排名第二。由此可知，第二个受欢迎的是排球。故选B。
C
Growing up in America, I enjoyed the convenience of eating the most attractive, well-packaged foods of the 20th century, including all the candies we often see near the cash register. During those times I wasn't aware how bad sugar was, and in fact, neither was anyone around me. So J continued to spread jam on my toast and eat ice cream daily.
Strangely enough, I felt that sweet was some sort of wonderful drug which gave me the energy to function properly, to feel good and to perform at my best, all of which seemed necessary for growth. So why should I avoid it?
Years later, huge food companies, like General Mills and Post, began pumping more sugar into their products, and then more and more people appeared with bigger bellies(腹部). It finally came to my awareness that our society was becoming more miserable and unfit. And from what? From sugar! I began to do some research into sugar and what it did exactly to our bodies. To my amazement, I found its damage was just as bad as, if not worse than, what alcohol and cigarettes brought about. You see, when you take in more sugar than you need or burn, your body and brain become over-active. This, in effect, causes your cognitive(认知的) abilities to slow down, your mood to get to the extremes, your skin to age faster, your blood to become thicker and your liver and kidneys to be worn out.
But what surprised me most, out of all of these horrible side effects, was that sugar adds extra pounds to your waistline, even if you do exercise regularly. And what I've always wanted, for the past few years, is to remove that extra fat around my belly so that I could finally see my abs(腹肌).
I just didn't know, this whole time, what damage I had been doing to myself and my dreams , but I knew I had to do something I had never done before.
8. What did the author use to do?
A. He took in much sugar. B. He learnt to cook foods.
C. He sold ice cream daily. D. He had candies packaged.
9. What made the author begin to doubt the benefits of sugar?
A. Sugar was unable to provide necessary energy.
B. More people eating sugary foods became unfit.
C. Some companies avoided adding sugar to foods.
D. Many customers stopped buying sugary products.
10. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The author's comments on sugar.
B. The detailed process of the research.
C. The harmful effect of sugar on health.
D. The reasons why the research is done.
11. What does the author probably decide to do at last?
A. Eat less food. B. Cut down sugar.
C. Do more exercise. D. Add extra pounds.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者过去常常摄入很多糖，但越来越多的人因为吃含糖的食物而变得不健康，这让作者了解了糖对健康的有害影响，决定要少吃糖。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in America, I enjoyed the convenience of eating the most attractive, well-packaged foods of the 20th century, including all the candies we often see near the cash register(我在美国长大，很享受吃20世纪那些包装精美、诱人的食品带来的便利，包括我们经常在收银机附近看到的所有糖果)”及“So I continued to spread jam on my toast and eat ice cream daily(所以我继续把果酱涂在吐司上，每天吃冰淇淋).”可知，作者过去常常摄入很多糖。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Years later, huge food companies, like General Mills and Post, began pumping more sugar into their products, and then more and more people appeared with bigger bellies(腹部).(几年后，像General Mills和Post这样的大型食品公司开始往他们的产品中添加更多的糖，然后越来越多的人出现了大肚子)”可知，越来越多的人因为吃含糖的食物而变得不健康，这让作者开始质疑糖的益处。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段 “…its damage was just as bad as, if not worse than, what alcohol and cigarettes brought about. (它（糖）的危害和酒精和香烟一样严重，如果不是更严重的话。)”和“This, in effect, causes your cognitive（认知的） abilities to slow down, your mood to get to the extremes, your skin to age faster, your blood to become thicker and your liver and kidneys to be worn out.(这实际上会导致你的认知能力变慢，你的情绪走向极端，你的皮肤加速老化，你的血液变厚，你的肝脏和肾脏疲劳)”等句子可知，本段主要讲述了糖对健康的有害影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段可知过去作者常常摄入很多糖，第三段主要讲述了糖对健康的有害影响。根据第二段“So why should I avoid it？(所以我为什么要避免它呢？)”及最后一段“...but I knew I had to do something I had never done before(但我知道我必须做一件以前从未做过的事)”可推断，作者最后可能决定少吃糖。故选B。
D
Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.
In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With a TV set in the family people don’t have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera .All they have to do is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers need do nothing. He does not even have to use his legs if the has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises, no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort in his part.
Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one’s sitting room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives. People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and the they have actually begin to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesn’t it?
There are many other arguments for and against television. We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.
12. Television, as a source of entertainment, is ______.
A. not very convenient B. very expensive
C. quite dangerous D. relatively cheap
13. Why are some people against TV?
A. Because TV programs are not interesting B. Because TV viewers are totally passive
C. Because TV prices are very high. D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages
14. One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that ______.
A. it keeps us informed B. it is very cheap
C. it enables us to have a rest D. it controls our lives
15. According to the passage, whether TV is good or not depends on _______ .
A. its quality B. people ’s attitude towards it
C. how we use it D. when we use it
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了电视的优点和缺点，最后指出电视对人的好坏取决于人们如何使用它。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one.(首先，电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐方式，也是一种相对便宜的娱乐方式)”可知，电视作为一种娱乐方式，相对便宜。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort in his part.(他是完全被动的，不用付出任何努力一切就呈现在他面前了)”以及第三段中“The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives.(电视屏幕本身对我们有一种可怕的、几乎是有形的魅力。我们如此习惯于看电视里人物的移动，如此依赖它的画面，以至于它开始控制我们的生活)”可推知，有些人反对看电视，是因为电视观众完全被动。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics.(人们常说，电视使人了解时事和科学政治的最新发展)”可知，电视最明显的优点之一是它能让我们得到消息。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.(我们必须认识到电视本身并无好坏之分。它的用途决定了它对社会的价值)”可知，电视是好还是坏取决于我们如何使用它。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Succeed in Science
To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success.
•____16____
That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It’s like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn’t simply to win; it’s to win at something really difficult. ____17____
•Take risks.
To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. ____18____ This can be more than personally upsetting.
•Never do anything that bores you.
My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone. I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike. ____19____
It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists—you have to go to key meetings where you find key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them unpleasant. So my final rule is: ____20____
A. Avoid foolish people.
B. Meet challenges with great courage.
C. In fact, I find it hard to do well in something I like.
D. If you can’t stand to be with your real peers, get out of science.
E. Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.
F. Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes.
G. Put another way, it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. F 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是在科学研究方面如何取得成功的三个建议。
【16题详解】
空处为本段小标题。根据下文“That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself.(这听起来可能很骄傲，但事实是你必须总是求助于比你自己更聪明的人)”可知，我们要向比我们更聪明的人求助，A项“避免愚蠢的人”可以作为小标题，概括本段内容。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn't simply to win; it's to win at something really difficult.(如果你赢了，就不会给你带来快乐。在科学或生命的游戏中，最高的目标不仅仅是取胜；在真正困难的事情上获胜是很困难的)”可知，在科学中最高的目标不是获胜，而是战胜困难。G项“换句话说，就是去超出你能力范围的某个地方，然后拔得头筹”符合语境，是上文的另一个说法。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据小标题“Take risks.（冒险）”和上文“To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition.(要取得巨大成功，科学家必须做好陷入困境的准备。如果你想在科学上取得巨大的进步，你很可能没有资格取得所谓的成功)”可知，如果想在科学方面取得飞跃，可能要不走寻常路，要有质疑精神，不要迷信以前的成功者。F项“此外，你要准备好不相信心目中的英雄人物”符合题意，上下文都属于“冒险”的范畴。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike.（我不擅长做我不喜欢的事情）”可知，自己不喜欢的事情不容易做好。C项“事实上，我发现在我喜欢的事情上很难做好”与上文承接自然，指即使自己喜欢的事情也很难做好。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“you have to go to key meetings where you spot key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them objectionable.(你必须去参加重要的会议，在那里你会发现你可能会忽略的关键事实。你必须和你的竞争对手交谈，即使你觉得他们令人反感)”可知，此处表示如果你不想和其他科学家在一起，你就很难成功。D项“如果你不能忍受和你的同伴一起，那就远离科学”符合题意。故选D。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
George’s mother was very poor and sick. Instead of having bright fires in winter, she had___21___to burn but dry___22___, which George picked up under the trees.
One ___23___day in July, she sent George to the woods. He was to stay there all day to get as much wood as he could.
He worked very hard so that by the time the sun was high, he was hot, and wished for a ___24___ place where he might rest for a while and eat his dinner.
While he hunted around the bank of the stream, he saw among the grass some fine wild ___25___ ，which were a bright red with ripeness.
“How good these will be with my bread and butter!” thought George. Lining his little cap with leaves, he set to work ___26___ to gather all he could find. He felt happy and thought how much his mother would like to see him there, and to be there herself instead of in her dark ___27___.
George thought of all this and just as he was lifting the first strawberry to his mouth, he said to himself, “How much Mom would like these!” He stopped and ___28___ the strawberry again.
“Shall I save them for her?” said George, thinking how much they would refresh her, yet ___29___ looking at them with a longing eye. “I will eat half and take the other half to her, ” said he at last and he ____30____ into two piles. But each pile looked so small that he put them together again.
“I will keep them all for Mom,” said he and he ____31____ them up nicely till he should go home.
When the sun was beginning to sink. George set out for home. How happy he felt then, that he had all his strawberries for his ____32____mother. The nearer he came to his home, the ____33____ he wished to taste them.
Just as he had thrown down his wood, he heard his mother’s weak voice from her bedroom. “I am ____34____，and longing for some tea. ”
George ran in to her and joyfully offered the strawberries. “You ____35____them for me, did you? ” said Mom, laying her hand gently on his head, while tears stood in her eyes.
Could the eating of the strawberries have given George half the happiness he felt at the moment?
21. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
22 A. paper B. coal C. wood D. cloth
23. A. fine B. rainy C. grey D. cold
24. A. quiet B. tidy C. cool D. smooth
25. A. apples B. strawberries C. tomatoes D. carrots
26. A. curiously B. eagerly C. angrily D. calmly
27. A. kitchen B. study C. bedroom D. yard
28. A. ate up B. gave away C. put back D. turned over
29. A. never B. also C. hardly D. still
30. A. divided B. threw C. turned D. cut
31. A. cleaned B. covered C. put D. lifted
32. A. serious B. strong C. sick D. silly
33. A. more B. less C. later D. sooner
34. A. thirsty B. hungry C. sleepy D. busy
35. A. bought B. stole C. borrowed D. saved
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了懂事的小乔治在山上捡柴时摘了一些野生草莓，自己忍住没吃，留给生病的妈妈吃的暖心故事。
【21题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：冬天，她烧不起好的柴火，除了乔治从树下捡来的干柴，她没有什么可烧的。A. something某物；B. everything一切；C. anything任何东西；D. nothing无物。上一句说乔治的母亲很穷，而且病得很重，因此冬天除了乔治从树下捡来的干柴，家里没有什么可烧的，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. paper纸；B. coal煤块；C. wood木头、木料；D. cloth布匹。根据后文“which George picked up under the trees”可知，乔治从树下捡来的应该是干柴，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：七月晴朗的一天，她打发乔治去树林里。他要在那里呆一整天，捡尽可能多的木材。A. fine晴朗的；B. rainy下雨的；C. grey阴沉的；D. cold寒冷的。根据常识以及下文“He worked very hard so that by the time the sun was high”可知，捡干柴要在一个好天气，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他想找一个凉爽的地方，可以休息一会儿，吃晚饭。A. quiet安静的；B. tidy整洁的；C. cool凉爽的；D. smooth顺利的、平坦的。根据“He worked very hard so that by the time the sun was high”和常识，炎炎夏日，烈日当空，干了一天活的乔治酷暑难耐，想找一个凉快的地方歇一会儿，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看到草丛中有一些野生草莓，已经成熟了，呈鲜红色。A. apples苹果；B. strawberries草莓；C. tomatoes西红柿；D. carrots胡萝卜。根据“the first strawberry”可知，看到草丛中有一些野生草莓。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在他的小帽子里装上树叶，他开始急切地摘他找到的所有草莓。A. curiously好奇地；B. eagerly急切地； C. angrily生气地；D. calmly冷静地。根据上文语境，这些熟透了的草莓很诱人，乔治急切地想把它们都摘下来，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他心里很高兴，心想妈妈多么希望看到他在那儿，希望她自己也能在那儿，而不是呆在她那黑暗的卧室里。A. kitchen厨房；B. study书房；C. bedroom卧室；D. yard庭院。上文说乔治的妈妈体弱多病，应该是终日在卧室里休息，后文的her bedroom也是提示，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他停下来，又把草莓放回原处。A. ate up吃光；B. gave away赠送；C. put back倒退、放回原处；D. turned over把……翻过来。根据上文“How much Mom would like these!”可知，想到妈妈也一定很喜欢吃这些草莓，乔治把嘴边的草莓又放了回去，没舍得吃，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我要把它们都留给她吗？”乔治说，心想这些草莓会可能会让她恢复一点精神，但仍然用渴望的目光看着它们。A. never从不；B. also还、也；C. hardly几乎不；D. still仍然。根据上文“Shall I save them for her?”（我要把它们都留给她吗?）及下文“I will eat half and take the other half to her”（我可以吃一半，给她留一半）等心理活动的细节描写可知，乔治还在犹豫，仍然用渴望的眼神看着草莓，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他把草莓分成两堆。A. divided分开；B. threw扔；C. turned转；D. cut切。根据上文“I will eat half and take the other half to her”（我可以吃一半，给她留一半）可知，乔治把草莓分成了两堆，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我要把它们都留给妈妈的”他说，然后把它们好好地包起来，直到回家。A. cleaned打扫；B. covered覆盖；C. put放；D. lifted抬。根据常识可知，熟透的草莓怕风吹和日晒，因此乔治小心翼翼地把它们包好以保持新鲜，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他当时是多么高兴，因为他把所有的草莓都留给了生病的妈妈。A. serious严肃的；B. strong强壮的；C. sick虚弱的、生病的；D. silly愚蠢的。根据文章第一句画中的sick可知，乔治的妈妈体弱多病，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：离家越近，他越不想尝它们。A. more越多；B. less越少；C. later越晚；D. sooner越快。根据上文“The nearer he came to his home”可知，离家越近，他越不想尝它们，旨在突出乔治的孝顺和懂事，想把草莓都给妈妈吃，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我口渴，想喝点茶。A. thirsty口渴的；B. hungry饿的；C. sleepy困的；D. busy忙碌的。后文“and longing for some tea.”表明妈妈渴了，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你把它们都给我留，是吗？A. bought买；B. stole偷；C. borrowed借来； D. saved节省、保留。根据上文的讲述可知，小乔治在山上捡柴时摘了一些野生草莓，自己忍住没吃，留给生病的妈妈吃，上文的“Shall I save them for her?”也是提示，故选D。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Artificial Intelligence is ___36___ branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines.___37___(achieve) the dream of developing computer intelligence, the___38___(approach) to creating true AI have been put forward, including “deep learning”, which enables a machine to improve its own performance. AI technology developed slowly. A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, ___39___ Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world champion Carry Kasparov. Nowadays, AI___40___(create) in many fields. In other words, AI has a(n) ___41___ (limit) number of applications.___42___ AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage, those undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. How would they be punished if they ___43___ (commit) crimes or even murdered humans? As we become more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers___44___(pose) by the advances in AI. We should make sure that we will not fall victim to AI and we should be careful___45___we wished for.
【答案】36 a 37. To achieve
38. approaches
39. when 40. has been created##is being created
41 unlimited
42. Although##Though##While
43. committed
44. posed 45. what
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的发展，以及人们对其发展的担忧。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，旨在创造智能机器。branch“分支”为可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，branch的发音为辅音音素开头，故填a。
【37题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了实现发展计算机智能的梦想，人们提出了创造真正人工智能的方法，包括“深度学习”，它使机器能够提高自身的性能。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填To achieve。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：为了实现发展计算机智能的梦想，人们提出了创造真正人工智能的方法，包括“深度学习”，它使机器能够提高自身的性能。此处approach意为“方法”，可数名词，作句子主语，根据助动词have可知主语为复数。故填approaches。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：人工智能的一个重大突破出现在1997年，当时国际象棋计算机“深蓝”击败了世界冠军卡斯帕罗夫。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为1997，从句缺少时间状语，应用when引导。故填when。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：如今，人工智能已经（正在）在许多领域被创造出来。结合语境和nowadays可知，此处可用现在完成时，强调结果；也可用现在进行时，表示目前形势。主语AI和create之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态或者现在进行时的被动语态。故填has been created/is being created。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：换句话说，人工智能的应用数量是无限的。修饰后文名词number应用形容词，根据上文“in many fields”可知，此处指人工智能的应用数量是“无限的”，形容词unlimited符合题意。故填unlimited。
【42题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：虽然人工智能爱好者向我们承诺了一个光明的未来，智能机器人将为我们带来优势，但这些毫无疑问的好处也带来了担忧和恐惧。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though/While。
43题详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们犯罪，甚至谋杀人类，他们会受到怎样的惩罚？空处为从句谓语动词，结合语境和上文would be punished可知，此处为if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，与现在的事实相反，应用一般过去时。故填committed。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着我们越来越依赖电脑，一些科学家敦促我们思考人工智能的进步带来的危险。分析可知，空处应用非谓语动词作名词dangers的后置定语，pose和dangers之间为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词。故填posed。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们应该确保我们不会成为人工智能的受害者，并且对我们所希望的（事情）小心。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【点睛】
第四部分 写作（满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作 （15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你校组织全体学生观看了神舟十二号载人飞船的发射。请你为校英语报写一篇短文，报道此次事件。
内容包括：1. 这次活动的目的、意义； 2. 观看的时间、地点； 3. 学生的反响。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：神舟十二号载人飞船Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】【possible version 1】
Shenzhou Ⅻ manned spacecraft was launched live on TV on June 17, 2021. All the students in our school were organized to watch it in the classroom in the hope of helping us know more about space and sparkle our interest in exploring the space.
Every student watched it excitedly and attentively. After the successful launch, the students applauded wildly and expressed their pride, determined to make a difference to space exploration. Some students even said they would major in aeronautics in college to explore the mysteries of the universe and help humans survive well into the future.
【possible version 2】
We witnessed the crowning moment of the launch of Shenzhou Ⅻ manned spacecraft broadcast live on TV in our classrooms this morning.
As the capsule carrying three Taikonauts successfully to space, all our classmates burst into roar of cheers, proud for China's achievement in space exploration. Some were even inspired to study aeronautics to explore the mysteries of the universe and make a contribution to our country, and others said the launch stir up patriotism in them, which were exactly the main purposes of this activity.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道，要求考生写一篇短文，报道学校组织的全体学生观看神舟十二号发射这一事件。
【详解】词汇积累
组织/安排：organize→arrange
专心的：focused→attentive
目的：purpose→intention
喝彩：applaud→cheer
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Others said the launch stir up patriotism in them. That was exactly the main purposes of this activity.
拓展句：Others said the launch stir up patriotism in them, which was exactly the main purposes of this activity.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As the capsule carrying three Taikonauts successfully to space, all our classmates burst into roar of cheers, proud for China's achievement in space exploration. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] And others said the launch stir up patriotism in them, which were exactly the main purposes of this activity. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Not until recently have I known that a little pet can be such a helpful assistant (助手) to a helpless mom. This is all due to what our new family member, a little kitten named Thula, has done. She seems to understand exactly what Iris needs at any given time.
Within a year of my daughter’s birth in 2015, I already suspected that something was wrong. Even by babies’ standards, Iris was a frighteningly bad sleeper. She also appeared unmistakably distant. Besides, after saying “dada” at eight months, she stopped talking. Finally, aged two, she was diagnosed as autistic(自闭的).
In fact, after a long process of trial and error, I found activities that obviously did help her, including music and riding on the back of her dad’s bike. Above all, Iris showed a remarkable talent for art: producing large multi-layered Impressionist-style paintings that took her several days and that once led to the Leicester Mercury headline, “Top artist aged 3.”
Iris did make progress, but by no means steadily, with promising developments often followed by periods of regression (退步).
One night, Iris refused to sleep. As her frustrations(沮丧，懊丧) mounted, she started to cry, and her sobs filled the quiet room. I felt so hopeless as I held her close. Nothing seemed to comfort her apart from her favorite book and I longed for some help, but she pushed away all who tried except me, making me on the edge of breaking down.
Downstairs, my husband looked at Thula in surprise who had suddenly got up off his lap. Her eyes focused towards the door and she had one foot raised, perfectly poised(悬在) in the air. Something had grabbed her attention – the crying of Iris. Then her legs were moving fast. Zooming round the corner, she flew up the stairs into Iris’s bedroom and jumped onto the bed. She curled（蜷缩） up next to Iris, ignored the crying and started grooming(梳毛) herself, licking her paws (舔爪子) and rubbing them over her ears.
Paragraph 1:
Almost immediately, Iris’s mood changed.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I was curious about the silence, then returned to the door of Iris’s room and looked in.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Almost immediately, Iris’s mood changed. She stopped crying and giggled at Thula’s huge ears as they were folded down forward and then pinged back. It was a performance like nothing I had seen before, combining comedy with beauty. Iris relaxed, put down her book and looked at the kitten with great joy. Seizing the opportunity, I slipped out of the room and waited at the bottom of the stairs, listening for the inevitable crying that would take me back to her side. Moments later, there was silence: no giggling, no pages being turned, and no cries.
I was curious about the silence, then returned to the door of Iris’s room and looked in. Iris had gone to sleep with her kitten by her side. Iris’s hand rested on Thula’s shoulders and I could hear a gentle purr. Although still a tiny kitten and a new member of our family, Thula was already looking after Iris. For me, a helpless mother, she was also a friend, stepping in and helping when I longed for it the most. I didn’t even need to ask, but she knew instinctively what to do and how to help. This magical kitten was changing our lives and this was just the beginning.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者发现女儿Iris从很小的时候就不正常——她不会说话，但是在艺术方面有着惊人的天赋。家里养了一只小猫，有一天女儿哭得很厉害，小猫飞快的跑到了她的身边抚慰Iris的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“几乎立刻，Iris的情绪改变了。”可知，第一段可描写Iris有哪些改变以及作者的好奇。
由第二段首句内容“我对这片寂静很好奇,然后 回到Iris的房间，往里看。”可知，第二段可描写作者的所见所闻所想。
2.续写线索：Iris停止了哭泣——Iris的改变——作者看到女儿的改变——作者的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.放下：put down/lay down/drop
②.照顾：look after/take care of
情绪类
①.高兴：with great joy/happily/delightedly
②.无助：helpless/unassisted
【点睛】[高分句型1]. It was a performance like nothing I had seen before, combining comedy with beauty.（运用了限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. Seizing the opportunity, I slipped out of the room and waited at the bottom of the stairs, listening for the inevitable crying that would take me back to her side.（运用了现在分词作状语和定语从句）
2021～2022学年度第一学期期中调研测试试题
高二英语
（本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do this afternoon?
A. Go to the park. B. Take pictures. C. Have a class.
2. What is the main reason for the woman to buy a beach chair?
A. She hates to get burned.
B. She wants something to sit on.
C. She needs to put her towels on it.
3. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Send a card. B. Use the Internet. C. Make a phone call.
4. How much money will the man probably lend to the woman?
A. $400. B. $300. C. $100.
5. Why does the woman want fewer peppers in her food today?
A. She feels too hot. B. She has a health problem. C. She doesn’t like spicy food.
第二节: (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答6-7题。
6. What will the speakers do next?
A. Visit a university. B. Take a holiday. C. Unload bags.
7. Where are the speakers probably?
A. On a train. B. In a car. C. On a bus.
听下面一段对话，回答8-9题
8. Where does Aunt Katie live?
A. By the sea. B. On a hill. C. In a city.
9. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Aunt and nephew. B. Brother and sister. C. Guide and tourist.
听下面一段较长对话，回答10-12小题。
10. Who felt sad about the news in the paper?
A. Susan. B. Nat Baker. C. Susan’s grandma.
11. Why have the plans for the community center been postponed?
A. There is not enough money.
B. People prefer the old library.
C. The senior citizens dislike the idea.
12. What does the man think of the old community center on Elm Street?
A. It is very big.
B. It isn’t well equipped.
C. It isn’t suitable for the elderly.
听下面一段对话，回答13-16题。
13. What is the business of the man’s company?
A. They process natural diamonds.
B. They create the biggest diamonds.
C. They produce human-made diamonds.
14 What is currently the most significant advantage of the company?
A. The successful marketing team.
B. The modern production method.
C. The man’s global business contacts.
15. How does the woman plan to help people?
A. By making jewelry more affordable.
B. By solving problems in the jewelry industry.
C. By improving labor conditions at her local mine.
16. What is the man’s attitude to diamond business?
A. Positive. B. Uncertain. C. Negative.
听下面一段独白，回答17-20题。
17. What should you focus on for the introduction?
A. Your hobbies.
B. Your name and schooling.
C. Something about the job interests.
18. How long does most people’s attention last according to the talk?
A. At least half an hour. B. About twenty minutes. C. Less than two minutes.
19. What is the time limit for impressing someone?
A. Within 30 seconds. B. Within 60 seconds. C. Within 120 seconds.
20. What is the purpose of the talk?
A. To stress the importance of resumes.
B. To give tips about self-introduction.
C. To explain a recent scientific research.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In the near future, daily newspapers and monthly magazines will probably disappear. Electronic media can provide the same information faster and cheaper. The Internet, together with laptops and mobile phones, makes it possible that almost everyone can at any time and in almost any place get some news for free or for few fees.
You’ll browse the computer newspapers or magazines just like turning on TV. An electronic voice will tell you stories about the latest events. You’ll even get to choose the kind of voice you want to hear. Want more information on the brief story? A simple touch makes the whole text appear.
There are the predictions from the experts working on the newspapers of the future. Imagined as part of home media and entertainment systems, computer newspapers and magazines would unite printed and broadcast news, offering information and analyzing video images of news events.
The continuing loss of readers will lead to a small number of advertisements in newspapers. It makes no sense to spend millions of dollars to print ads.
With the development of technology, more and more electronic media have been created until now, but replacing the traditional newspapers and magazines has a long way to go, because the resistance to computer newspapers and magazines from journalism may be much stronger. Since it is such a cultural change, it may be not until the present journalists, who aren’t used to it, die off that the newspaper industry is not considered as an industry any longer. Anyway, technology is making the traditional newspapers and magazines disappear gradually.
1. Computer newspapers and magazines have all the advantages EXCEPT that ________ .
A. you can choose the kind of voice you like to hear
B. they are more expensive than traditional newspapers
C. you can get more information from them easily
D. you can easily store information for the future use
2. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. all technological developments are very important
B. traditional newspapers and magazines will disappear soon
C. new things will replace the old ones in the future
D. traditional newspapers and magazines will be more popular
3. The author writes the article to ________.
A. tell readers what newspapers and magazines are like in the future
B. let people know the great development of the journalism
C. prove newspapers and magazines are not welcomed any more
D. say traditional newspapers and magazines are better than before
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了随着科技的发展，传统的报刊杂志在逐渐退出历史舞台，电子报刊媒体正在迅速发展，虽然要取代传统报刊杂志还有很长的路要走，但新事物终将取代旧的。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The Internet, together with laptops and mobile phones, makes it possible that almost everyone can at any time and in almost any place get some news for free or for few fees.（互联网，加上笔记本电脑和手机，使得几乎每个人都可以在任何时间、任何地点免费或付少量费用获得一些新闻）”和第二段的“You’ll even get to choose the kind of voice you want to hear. （你甚至可以选择你想听到的声音）”可知，电子报刊媒体的优势有：让人们获得信息更容易，让人们免费或支付很少的费用就可以获取信息，可以选择想听到的声音。B项“它们比传统报纸贵”不是电子报刊媒体的优势。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Anyway, technology is making the traditional newspapers and magazines disappear gradually.（无论如何，科技正在使传统的报纸和杂志逐渐消失）”推知，新的东西将来会取代旧的，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据整篇文章可知，本文主要讲述了随着科技的发展，传统的报刊杂志在逐渐的退出历史舞台，电子报刊媒体正在迅速发展，虽然要取代传统报刊杂志还有很长的路要走，但新事物终将取代旧的。由此推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是让人们知道新闻事业的巨大发展。故选B。
【点睛】
B
Brazil sports are out of control! Brazil may be one of the most sportscrazy countries in the world. Whether you are into watching or playing, Brazil sports have a lot to offer everyone.
Football in Brazil is more than a sport. It's a way of life. Football is popular in Brazil for several reasons. One reason is that it is fast paced and fun to watch. This is the reason why the World Cup Soccer is the most watched sports event in the world aside from the Summer Olympics. Also, you don't need anything to play soccer except for something to kick, and a big area in which to play. Few will argue if you say that Brazil leads the world in football. No nation has won as many world cups as Brazil.
Volleyball is a close second in Brazil sports. In the world of international volleyball, Brazil wins many championships of all kinds, including indoor and beach volleyball. Brazil has nearly 5,000 miles of coastline. If you go to a beach in Brazil, there will always be a volleyball game going on somewhere, and usually two or three.
Footvolley was created in Brazil in the 1960s. It is a mix of football and volleyball, where the players must use their feet and head to get the ball over the net and into the opponents' court, and is also played in sand. It is one of the most popular beach sports in Brazil.
Swimming, tennis, rugby, boxing, judo, sailing, golf, surfing, and handball are all greatly popular in Brazil.
4. We infer that this passage was written to ________.
A. explain why football is so popular in Brazil
B. encourage us to do sports as people in Brazil do
C. tell us the history of several sports in Brazil
D. introduce several very popular sports in Brazil
5. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest?
A. Sports are extremely popular in Brazil.
B. All kinds of sports are played in Brazil.
C. Brazil athletes are out of control.
D. Brazil athletes are not well educated.
6. From Paragraph 2, we learn most people believe that ________.
A. football is the most popular sport in every country
B. people don't need anything to play soccer
C. Brazil has won every World Cup Soccer
D. Brazil leads the world in football
7. According to the writer, what is the second most popular sport in Brazil?
A. Football. B. Volleyball. C. Footvolley. D. Tennis.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴西的运动，足球很受欢迎，排球是第二个受欢迎的，巴西赢得了很多奖项，Foot-volley是一项混合了足球和排球的运动，也是巴西最受欢迎的沙滩运动之一。还有其他的运动。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的“Football in Brazil is more than a sport. （在巴西，足球不仅仅是一项运动）”，第三段的“Volleyball is a close second in Brazil sports. （排球在巴西排名第二）”，第四段的“Footvolley was created in Brazil in the 1960s.（Footvolley于20世纪60年代在巴西诞生）”和最后一段的“Swimming, tennis, rugby, boxing, judo, sailing, golf, surfing, and handball are all greatly popular in Brazil.（游泳、网球、橄榄球、拳击、柔道、帆船、高尔夫、冲浪和手球在巴西都很受欢迎）”可推知，本文的主要目的是介绍巴西的运动。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Brazil may be one of the most sports-crazy countries in the world.Whether you are into watching or playing, Brazil sports have a lot to offer everyone.”可知，巴西可能是世界上最热衷于运动的国家之一。无论你喜欢观看还是玩，巴西的体育运动都为每个人提供了很多。由此可知，划线部分是说在巴西运动很受欢迎。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Few will argue if you say that Brazil leads the world in football. No nation has won as many world cups as Brazil.”可知，如果你说巴西在足球方面领先世界，很少有人会争辩。由此推知，巴西的足球引领世界。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Volleyball is a close second in Brazil sports.”可知，排球在巴西体育中排名第二。由此可知，第二个受欢迎的是排球。故选B。
C
Growing up in America, I enjoyed the convenience of eating the most attractive, well-packaged foods of the 20th century, including all the candies we often see near the cash register. During those times I wasn't aware how bad sugar was, and in fact, neither was anyone around me. So J continued to spread jam on my toast and eat ice cream daily.
Strangely enough, I felt that sweet was some sort of wonderful drug which gave me the energy to function properly, to feel good and to perform at my best, all of which seemed necessary for growth. So why should I avoid it?
Years later, huge food companies, like General Mills and Post, began pumping more sugar into their products, and then more and more people appeared with bigger bellies(腹部). It finally came to my awareness that our society was becoming more miserable and unfit. And from what? From sugar! I began to do some research into sugar and what it did exactly to our bodies. To my amazement, I found its damage was just as bad as, if not worse than, what alcohol and cigarettes brought about. You see, when you take in more sugar than you need or burn, your body and brain become over-active. This, in effect, causes your cognitive(认知的) abilities to slow down, your mood to get to the extremes, your skin to age faster, your blood to become thicker and your liver and kidneys to be worn out.
But what surprised me most, out of all of these horrible side effects, was that sugar adds extra pounds to your waistline, even if you do exercise regularly. And what I've always wanted, for the past few years, is to remove that extra fat around my belly so that I could finally see my abs(腹肌).
I just didn't know, this whole time, what damage I had been doing to myself and my dreams , but I knew I had to do something I had never done before.
8. What did the author use to do?
A. He took in much sugar. B. He learnt to cook foods.
C. He sold ice cream daily. D. He had candies packaged.
9. What made the author begin to doubt the benefits of sugar?
A. Sugar was unable to provide necessary energy.
B. More people eating sugary foods became unfit.
C. Some companies avoided adding sugar to foods.
D. Many customers stopped buying sugary products.
10. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The author's comments on sugar.
B. The detailed process of the research.
C. The harmful effect of sugar on health.
D. The reasons why the research is done.
11. What does the author probably decide to do at last?
A. Eat less food. B. Cut down sugar.
C. Do more exercise. D. Add extra pounds.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者过去常常摄入很多糖，但越来越多的人因为吃含糖的食物而变得不健康，这让作者了解了糖对健康的有害影响，决定要少吃糖。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in America, I enjoyed the convenience of eating the most attractive, well-packaged foods of the 20th century, including all the candies we often see near the cash register(我在美国长大，很享受吃20世纪那些包装精美、诱人的食品带来的便利，包括我们经常在收银机附近看到的所有糖果)”及“So I continued to spread jam on my toast and eat ice cream daily(所以我继续把果酱涂在吐司上，每天吃冰淇淋).”可知，作者过去常常摄入很多糖。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Years later, huge food companies, like General Mills and Post, began pumping more sugar into their products, and then more and more people appeared with bigger bellies(腹部).(几年后，像General Mills和Post这样的大型食品公司开始往他们的产品中添加更多的糖，然后越来越多的人出现了大肚子)”可知，越来越多的人因为吃含糖的食物而变得不健康，这让作者开始质疑糖的益处。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段 “…its damage was just as bad as, if not worse than, what alcohol and cigarettes brought about. (它（糖）的危害和酒精和香烟一样严重，如果不是更严重的话。)”和“This, in effect, causes your cognitive（认知的） abilities to slow down, your mood to get to the extremes, your skin to age faster, your blood to become thicker and your liver and kidneys to be worn out.(这实际上会导致你的认知能力变慢，你的情绪走向极端，你的皮肤加速老化，你的血液变厚，你的肝脏和肾脏疲劳)”等句子可知，本段主要讲述了糖对健康的有害影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段可知过去作者常常摄入很多糖，第三段主要讲述了糖对健康的有害影响。根据第二段“So why should I avoid it？(所以我为什么要避免它呢？)”及最后一段“...but I knew I had to do something I had never done before(但我知道我必须做一件以前从未做过的事)”可推断，作者最后可能决定少吃糖。故选B。
D
Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.
In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With a TV set in the family people don’t have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera .All they have to do is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers need do nothing. He does not even have to use his legs if the has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises, no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort in his part.
Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one’s sitting room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives. People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and the they have actually begin to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesn’t it?
There are many other arguments for and against television. We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.
12. Television, as a source of entertainment, is ______.
A. not very convenient B. very expensive
C. quite dangerous D. relatively cheap
13. Why are some people against TV?
A. Because TV programs are not interesting B. Because TV viewers are totally passive
C. Because TV prices are very high. D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages
14. One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that ______.
A. it keeps us informed B. it is very cheap
C. it enables us to have a rest D. it controls our lives
15. According to the passage, whether TV is good or not depends on _______ .
A. its quality B. people ’s attitude towards it
C. how we use it D. when we use it
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了电视的优点和缺点，最后指出电视对人的好坏取决于人们如何使用它。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one.(首先，电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐方式，也是一种相对便宜的娱乐方式)”可知，电视作为一种娱乐方式，相对便宜。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort in his part.(他是完全被动的，不用付出任何努力一切就呈现在他面前了)”以及第三段中“The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives.(电视屏幕本身对我们有一种可怕的、几乎是有形的魅力。我们如此习惯于看电视里人物的移动，如此依赖它的画面，以至于它开始控制我们的生活)”可推知，有些人反对看电视，是因为电视观众完全被动。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics.(人们常说，电视使人了解时事和科学政治的最新发展)”可知，电视最明显的优点之一是它能让我们得到消息。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.(我们必须认识到电视本身并无好坏之分。它的用途决定了它对社会的价值)”可知，电视是好还是坏取决于我们如何使用它。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Succeed in Science
To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success.
•____16____
That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It’s like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn’t simply to win; it’s to win at something really difficult. ____17____
•Take risks.
To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. ____18____ This can be more than personally upsetting.
•Never do anything that bores you.
My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone. I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike. ____19____
It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists—you have to go to key meetings where you find key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them unpleasant. So my final rule is: ____20____
A. Avoid foolish people.
B. Meet challenges with great courage.
C. In fact, I find it hard to do well in something I like.
D. If you can’t stand to be with your real peers, get out of science.
E. Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.
F. Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes.
G. Put another way, it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. F 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是在科学研究方面如何取得成功的三个建议。
【16题详解】
空处为本段小标题。根据下文“That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself.(这听起来可能很骄傲，但事实是你必须总是求助于比你自己更聪明的人)”可知，我们要向比我们更聪明的人求助，A项“避免愚蠢的人”可以作为小标题，概括本段内容。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn't simply to win; it's to win at something really difficult.(如果你赢了，就不会给你带来快乐。在科学或生命的游戏中，最高的目标不仅仅是取胜；在真正困难的事情上获胜是很困难的)”可知，在科学中最高的目标不是获胜，而是战胜困难。G项“换句话说，就是去超出你能力范围的某个地方，然后拔得头筹”符合语境，是上文的另一个说法。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据小标题“Take risks.（冒险）”和上文“To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition.(要取得巨大成功，科学家必须做好陷入困境的准备。如果你想在科学上取得巨大的进步，你很可能没有资格取得所谓的成功)”可知，如果想在科学方面取得飞跃，可能要不走寻常路，要有质疑精神，不要迷信以前的成功者。F项“此外，你要准备好不相信心目中的英雄人物”符合题意，上下文都属于“冒险”的范畴。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike.（我不擅长做我不喜欢的事情）”可知，自己不喜欢的事情不容易做好。C项“事实上，我发现在我喜欢的事情上很难做好”与上文承接自然，指即使自己喜欢的事情也很难做好。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“you have to go to key meetings where you spot key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them objectionable.(你必须去参加重要的会议，在那里你会发现你可能会忽略的关键事实。你必须和你的竞争对手交谈，即使你觉得他们令人反感)”可知，此处表示如果你不想和其他科学家在一起，你就很难成功。D项“如果你不能忍受和你的同伴一起，那就远离科学”符合题意。故选D。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
George’s mother was very poor and sick. Instead of having bright fires in winter, she had___21___to burn but dry___22___, which George picked up under the trees.
One ___23___day in July, she sent George to the woods. He was to stay there all day to get as much wood as he could.
He worked very hard so that by the time the sun was high, he was hot, and wished for a ___24___ place where he might rest for a while and eat his dinner.
While he hunted around the bank of the stream, he saw among the grass some fine wild ___25___ ，which were a bright red with ripeness.
“How good these will be with my bread and butter!” thought George. Lining his little cap with leaves, he set to work ___26___ to gather all he could find. He felt happy and thought how much his mother would like to see him there, and to be there herself instead of in her dark ___27___.
George thought of all this and just as he was lifting the first strawberry to his mouth, he said to himself, “How much Mom would like these!” He stopped and ___28___ the strawberry again.
“Shall I save them for her?” said George, thinking how much they would refresh her, yet ___29___ looking at them with a longing eye. “I will eat half and take the other half to her, ” said he at last and he ____30____ into two piles. But each pile looked so small that he put them together again.
“I will keep them all for Mom,” said he and he ____31____ them up nicely till he should go home.
When the sun was beginning to sink. George set out for home. How happy he felt then, that he had all his strawberries for his ____32____mother. The nearer he came to his home, the ____33____ he wished to taste them.
Just as he had thrown down his wood, he heard his mother’s weak voice from her bedroom. “I am ____34____，and longing for some tea. ”
George ran in to her and joyfully offered the strawberries. “You ____35____them for me, did you? ” said Mom, laying her hand gently on his head, while tears stood in her eyes.
Could the eating of the strawberries have given George half the happiness he felt at the moment?
21. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
22 A. paper B. coal C. wood D. cloth
23. A. fine B. rainy C. grey D. cold
24. A. quiet B. tidy C. cool D. smooth
25. A. apples B. strawberries C. tomatoes D. carrots
26. A. curiously B. eagerly C. angrily D. calmly
27. A. kitchen B. study C. bedroom D. yard
28. A. ate up B. gave away C. put back D. turned over
29. A. never B. also C. hardly D. still
30. A. divided B. threw C. turned D. cut
31. A. cleaned B. covered C. put D. lifted
32. A. serious B. strong C. sick D. silly
33. A. more B. less C. later D. sooner
34. A. thirsty B. hungry C. sleepy D. busy
35. A. bought B. stole C. borrowed D. saved
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了懂事的小乔治在山上捡柴时摘了一些野生草莓，自己忍住没吃，留给生病的妈妈吃的暖心故事。
【21题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：冬天，她烧不起好的柴火，除了乔治从树下捡来的干柴，她没有什么可烧的。A. something某物；B. everything一切；C. anything任何东西；D. nothing无物。上一句说乔治的母亲很穷，而且病得很重，因此冬天除了乔治从树下捡来的干柴，家里没有什么可烧的，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. paper纸；B. coal煤块；C. wood木头、木料；D. cloth布匹。根据后文“which George picked up under the trees”可知，乔治从树下捡来的应该是干柴，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：七月晴朗的一天，她打发乔治去树林里。他要在那里呆一整天，捡尽可能多的木材。A. fine晴朗的；B. rainy下雨的；C. grey阴沉的；D. cold寒冷的。根据常识以及下文“He worked very hard so that by the time the sun was high”可知，捡干柴要在一个好天气，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他想找一个凉爽的地方，可以休息一会儿，吃晚饭。A. quiet安静的；B. tidy整洁的；C. cool凉爽的；D. smooth顺利的、平坦的。根据“He worked very hard so that by the time the sun was high”和常识，炎炎夏日，烈日当空，干了一天活的乔治酷暑难耐，想找一个凉快的地方歇一会儿，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看到草丛中有一些野生草莓，已经成熟了，呈鲜红色。A. apples苹果；B. strawberries草莓；C. tomatoes西红柿；D. carrots胡萝卜。根据“the first strawberry”可知，看到草丛中有一些野生草莓。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在他的小帽子里装上树叶，他开始急切地摘他找到的所有草莓。A. curiously好奇地；B. eagerly急切地； C. angrily生气地；D. calmly冷静地。根据上文语境，这些熟透了的草莓很诱人，乔治急切地想把它们都摘下来，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他心里很高兴，心想妈妈多么希望看到他在那儿，希望她自己也能在那儿，而不是呆在她那黑暗的卧室里。A. kitchen厨房；B. study书房；C. bedroom卧室；D. yard庭院。上文说乔治的妈妈体弱多病，应该是终日在卧室里休息，后文的her bedroom也是提示，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他停下来，又把草莓放回原处。A. ate up吃光；B. gave away赠送；C. put back倒退、放回原处；D. turned over把……翻过来。根据上文“How much Mom would like these!”可知，想到妈妈也一定很喜欢吃这些草莓，乔治把嘴边的草莓又放了回去，没舍得吃，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我要把它们都留给她吗？”乔治说，心想这些草莓会可能会让她恢复一点精神，但仍然用渴望的目光看着它们。A. never从不；B. also还、也；C. hardly几乎不；D. still仍然。根据上文“Shall I save them for her?”（我要把它们都留给她吗?）及下文“I will eat half and take the other half to her”（我可以吃一半，给她留一半）等心理活动的细节描写可知，乔治还在犹豫，仍然用渴望的眼神看着草莓，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他把草莓分成两堆。A. divided分开；B. threw扔；C. turned转；D. cut切。根据上文“I will eat half and take the other half to her”（我可以吃一半，给她留一半）可知，乔治把草莓分成了两堆，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我要把它们都留给妈妈的”他说，然后把它们好好地包起来，直到回家。A. cleaned打扫；B. covered覆盖；C. put放；D. lifted抬。根据常识可知，熟透的草莓怕风吹和日晒，因此乔治小心翼翼地把它们包好以保持新鲜，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他当时是多么高兴，因为他把所有的草莓都留给了生病的妈妈。A. serious严肃的；B. strong强壮的；C. sick虚弱的、生病的；D. silly愚蠢的。根据文章第一句画中的sick可知，乔治的妈妈体弱多病，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：离家越近，他越不想尝它们。A. more越多；B. less越少；C. later越晚；D. sooner越快。根据上文“The nearer he came to his home”可知，离家越近，他越不想尝它们，旨在突出乔治的孝顺和懂事，想把草莓都给妈妈吃，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我口渴，想喝点茶。A. thirsty口渴的；B. hungry饿的；C. sleepy困的；D. busy忙碌的。后文“and longing for some tea.”表明妈妈渴了，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你把它们都给我留，是吗？A. bought买；B. stole偷；C. borrowed借来； D. saved节省、保留。根据上文的讲述可知，小乔治在山上捡柴时摘了一些野生草莓，自己忍住没吃，留给生病的妈妈吃，上文的“Shall I save them for her?”也是提示，故选D。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Artificial Intelligence is ___36___ branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines.___37___(achieve) the dream of developing computer intelligence, the___38___(approach) to creating true AI have been put forward, including “deep learning”, which enables a machine to improve its own performance. AI technology developed slowly. A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, ___39___ Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world champion Carry Kasparov. Nowadays, AI___40___(create) in many fields. In other words, AI has a(n) ___41___ (limit) number of applications.___42___ AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage, those undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. How would they be punished if they ___43___ (commit) crimes or even murdered humans? As we become more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers___44___(pose) by the advances in AI. We should make sure that we will not fall victim to AI and we should be careful___45___we wished for.
【答案】36 a 37. To achieve
38. approaches
39. when 40. has been created##is being created
41 unlimited
42. Although##Though##While
43. committed
44. posed 45. what
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的发展，以及人们对其发展的担忧。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，旨在创造智能机器。branch“分支”为可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，branch的发音为辅音音素开头，故填a。
【37题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了实现发展计算机智能的梦想，人们提出了创造真正人工智能的方法，包括“深度学习”，它使机器能够提高自身的性能。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填To achieve。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：为了实现发展计算机智能的梦想，人们提出了创造真正人工智能的方法，包括“深度学习”，它使机器能够提高自身的性能。此处approach意为“方法”，可数名词，作句子主语，根据助动词have可知主语为复数。故填approaches。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：人工智能的一个重大突破出现在1997年，当时国际象棋计算机“深蓝”击败了世界冠军卡斯帕罗夫。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为1997，从句缺少时间状语，应用when引导。故填when。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：如今，人工智能已经（正在）在许多领域被创造出来。结合语境和nowadays可知，此处可用现在完成时，强调结果；也可用现在进行时，表示目前形势。主语AI和create之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态或者现在进行时的被动语态。故填has been created/is being created。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：换句话说，人工智能的应用数量是无限的。修饰后文名词number应用形容词，根据上文“in many fields”可知，此处指人工智能的应用数量是“无限的”，形容词unlimited符合题意。故填unlimited。
【42题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：虽然人工智能爱好者向我们承诺了一个光明的未来，智能机器人将为我们带来优势，但这些毫无疑问的好处也带来了担忧和恐惧。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though/While。
43题详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们犯罪，甚至谋杀人类，他们会受到怎样的惩罚？空处为从句谓语动词，结合语境和上文would be punished可知，此处为if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，与现在的事实相反，应用一般过去时。故填committed。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着我们越来越依赖电脑，一些科学家敦促我们思考人工智能的进步带来的危险。分析可知，空处应用非谓语动词作名词dangers的后置定语，pose和dangers之间为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词。故填posed。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们应该确保我们不会成为人工智能的受害者，并且对我们所希望的（事情）小心。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【点睛】
第四部分 写作（满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作 （15分）
46. 假定你是李华。你校组织全体学生观看了神舟十二号载人飞船的发射。请你为校英语报写一篇短文，报道此次事件。
内容包括：1. 这次活动的目的、意义； 2. 观看的时间、地点； 3. 学生的反响。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：神舟十二号载人飞船Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】【possible version 1】
Shenzhou Ⅻ manned spacecraft was launched live on TV on June 17, 2021. All the students in our school were organized to watch it in the classroom in the hope of helping us know more about space and sparkle our interest in exploring the space.
Every student watched it excitedly and attentively. After the successful launch, the students applauded wildly and expressed their pride, determined to make a difference to space exploration. Some students even said they would major in aeronautics in college to explore the mysteries of the universe and help humans survive well into the future.
【possible version 2】
We witnessed the crowning moment of the launch of Shenzhou Ⅻ manned spacecraft broadcast live on TV in our classrooms this morning.
As the capsule carrying three Taikonauts successfully to space, all our classmates burst into roar of cheers, proud for China's achievement in space exploration. Some were even inspired to study aeronautics to explore the mysteries of the universe and make a contribution to our country, and others said the launch stir up patriotism in them, which were exactly the main purposes of this activity.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道，要求考生写一篇短文，报道学校组织的全体学生观看神舟十二号发射这一事件。
【详解】词汇积累
组织/安排：organize→arrange
专心的：focused→attentive
目的：purpose→intention
喝彩：applaud→cheer
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Others said the launch stir up patriotism in them. That was exactly the main purposes of this activity.
拓展句：Others said the launch stir up patriotism in them, which was exactly the main purposes of this activity.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As the capsule carrying three Taikonauts successfully to space, all our classmates burst into roar of cheers, proud for China's achievement in space exploration. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] And others said the launch stir up patriotism in them, which were exactly the main purposes of this activity. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Not until recently have I known that a little pet can be such a helpful assistant (助手) to a helpless mom. This is all due to what our new family member, a little kitten named Thula, has done. She seems to understand exactly what Iris needs at any given time.
Within a year of my daughter’s birth in 2015, I already suspected that something was wrong. Even by babies’ standards, Iris was a frighteningly bad sleeper. She also appeared unmistakably distant. Besides, after saying “dada” at eight months, she stopped talking. Finally, aged two, she was diagnosed as autistic(自闭的).
In fact, after a long process of trial and error, I found activities that obviously did help her, including music and riding on the back of her dad’s bike. Above all, Iris showed a remarkable talent for art: producing large multi-layered Impressionist-style paintings that took her several days and that once led to the Leicester Mercury headline, “Top artist aged 3.”
Iris did make progress, but by no means steadily, with promising developments often followed by periods of regression (退步).
One night, Iris refused to sleep. As her frustrations(沮丧，懊丧) mounted, she started to cry, and her sobs filled the quiet room. I felt so hopeless as I held her close. Nothing seemed to comfort her apart from her favorite book and I longed for some help, but she pushed away all who tried except me, making me on the edge of breaking down.
Downstairs, my husband looked at Thula in surprise who had suddenly got up off his lap. Her eyes focused towards the door and she had one foot raised, perfectly poised(悬在) in the air. Something had grabbed her attention – the crying of Iris. Then her legs were moving fast. Zooming round the corner, she flew up the stairs into Iris’s bedroom and jumped onto the bed. She curled（蜷缩） up next to Iris, ignored the crying and started grooming(梳毛) herself, licking her paws (舔爪子) and rubbing them over her ears.
Paragraph 1:
Almost immediately, Iris’s mood changed.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I was curious about the silence, then returned to the door of Iris’s room and looked in.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Almost immediately, Iris’s mood changed. She stopped crying and giggled at Thula’s huge ears as they were folded down forward and then pinged back. It was a performance like nothing I had seen before, combining comedy with beauty. Iris relaxed, put down her book and looked at the kitten with great joy. Seizing the opportunity, I slipped out of the room and waited at the bottom of the stairs, listening for the inevitable crying that would take me back to her side. Moments later, there was silence: no giggling, no pages being turned, and no cries.
I was curious about the silence, then returned to the door of Iris’s room and looked in. Iris had gone to sleep with her kitten by her side. Iris’s hand rested on Thula’s shoulders and I could hear a gentle purr. Although still a tiny kitten and a new member of our family, Thula was already looking after Iris. For me, a helpless mother, she was also a friend, stepping in and helping when I longed for it the most. I didn’t even need to ask, but she knew instinctively what to do and how to help. This magical kitten was changing our lives and this was just the beginning.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者发现女儿Iris从很小的时候就不正常——她不会说话，但是在艺术方面有着惊人的天赋。家里养了一只小猫，有一天女儿哭得很厉害，小猫飞快的跑到了她的身边抚慰Iris的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“几乎立刻，Iris的情绪改变了。”可知，第一段可描写Iris有哪些改变以及作者的好奇。
由第二段首句内容“我对这片寂静很好奇,然后 回到Iris的房间，往里看。”可知，第二段可描写作者的所见所闻所想。
2.续写线索：Iris停止了哭泣——Iris的改变——作者看到女儿的改变——作者的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.放下：put down/lay down/drop
②.照顾：look after/take care of
情绪类
①.高兴：with great joy/happily/delightedly
②.无助：helpless/unassisted
【点睛】[高分句型1]. It was a performance like nothing I had seen before, combining comedy with beauty.（运用了限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. Seizing the opportunity, I slipped out of the room and waited at the bottom of the stairs, listening for the inevitable crying that would take me back to her side.（运用了现在分词作状语和定语从句）
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