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高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意课件
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这是一份高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意课件，共28页。PPT课件主要包含了命 题 类，主旨大意，英语考试大纲，主题类，标题类 ，作者意图类 ，段 首，总-分，主题句，分-总-分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A mther muse was ut fr a walk with her babies when she fund a cat behind a bush. She watched the cat, and the cat watched the mice.Mther muse barked fiercely, "Wf, wf, wf!" The cat was s frightened that it ran fr it's life. Mther muse turned t her babies and said, "Nw, d yu understand the value f a secnd language?”
Step 1: Lead-in
What is the stry mainly abut?It is imprtant t learn a freign language.
事实细节
词 义 猜 测
推 理 判 断
作 者 的 态 度 意 图
要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：
（1）理解主旨和要义
（2）理解文中具体信息
（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义
（4）作出判断和推理
（5）理解文章的基本结构
（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度
英语学科阅读理解高考说明
（1).The main idea f the passage is ________. (2). The passage is mainly abut ___________. (3). What is the passage mainly abut? (4). Which f the fllwing statement can best summarize/ sum up the main idea f the passage? (5). What’s the main pint/main idea/central thught f the passage?
Step 2 :Questin frms abut the main idea
Questin frms:
（1).The best title/headline fr this passage might be______. (2).The text (Passage) culd be entitled __________. (3).What is the best title fr the passage? (4).Which f the fllwing wuld be suitable as a title fr the passage?
(1).The authr’s main purpse in writing the passage is ___.(2).The passage is meant t __________.(3).The purpse f this article is _______.(4). The authr’s purpse is t shw _______.
1.The main idea/tpic f the passage is ________.2. What is the passage mainly abut?3. What can we infer frm the passage?4. What is the last paragraph mainly cncerned(关于) abut?
5. What des the underlined wrd stand fr?6.The best title/headline fr this passage might passage culd be is the best title fr the passage?
Chse the questin frms abut the main idea f a paragraph r a passage: _____
Peple have different tastes in fd. Sme feel that they haven't eaten a meal unless they have had steak r ther red meat. Sme prefer chicken r fish and eat ne r the ther at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits r grains and wuld enjy a meal f spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others culd live n what were called fast--fds: a hamburger r ht dg, French fries and a sft drink. （1）主题句在段首 一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在议论文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。
Step 3 : Hw t get the main idea
Tday the prblem f envirnment has becme mre and mre serius. The wrld ppulatin is rising, s quickly that the wrld has becme t crwded. We are using up ur natural resurces t quickly and at the same time we are plluting ur envirnment with dangerus chemicals.
总结：该段为____ ____结构，主题句往往在___ ___, 有时在___ ____会重申主题，构成___ ___ ___结构。
The main idea f the paragraph is ________.
Shu Pulng has helped at least 1000 peple bitten by snakes, “ It was seeing peple with snakes bites that led me t the career.” Shu said…... “The sad stry tuched me s much that I decided t devte myself t helping peple bitten by snakes.” Shu said.首尾呼应为突出主题, 作者先提出主题, 结尾时再次点出主题, 这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见. 通常, 前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复, 后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味.
2 When yu are pr, yu can als say yu are very happy, because yu have smething else that can' t be bught with mney. When yu meet with difficulties, yu can say ludly yu are very happy, because yu have mre chances t challenge yurself. S yu shuld always say yu are happy.
总结：该段为____ ____结构，主题句在___ ___,往往出现在总结性的词s, therefre, as a result等之____。
What is the passage mainly abut?
Sme students prefer a strict teacher wh tells them exactly what t d. Others prefer t be left t wrk n their wn. Still thers like a demcratic discussin type f class. N ne teaching methd can be devised t satisfy all students at the same time. （2）主题句也会出现在段尾。 作者先摆出事实依据，层层推理论证，最后自然得出结论，即段落的主题。本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现，它是此段内容的结论。
3. Sme peple like reading, and sme peple like swimming. I have many hbbies, such as reading, skating, and traveling. In fact, different peple have different hbbies. My friend Ann studies very hard. S her hbby is reading all kinds f bks. Tny lves wrking with her hands, and his hbby is gardening.
总结：该段为____ ____ ___结构，主题句往往在___ ___, 如果段落中出现hwever, but, in fact, actually等时，所在的句子往往就是________。
What des this paragraph mainly talk abut?
Nthing is as useful as a flashlight n a dark night if a tire ges flat. Few inventins are s helpful t a child wh is afraid f the dark. In fact, the mdern flashlight brings light t many dark situatins. Finding smething in the back f a clset is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper als needs ne after the light f the campfire has been ut.（4）在短文中间当主题句被安排在段中间时, 通常前面只提出问题， 文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发展.
1)关注一些表征强转折关系的连词“but, yet, hwever, in fact, indeed,”等，这些词后面连接的通常都是一段话的主题句。 2) 关注一些表征总结性，结论性的词：“in brief/shrt, abve/in/after/all in all, cnclusin, in a wrd”等，这些词后面连接的通常也都是一段话的主题句。 3) 如果主题句含有shw, indicate和suggest等词，重点看其后的宾语从句。
文首：新闻报道、议论文文末：记叙文说明文:文中：例子/假设例子/假设后进入主题没有主题句：找反复出现的词语
如何归纳主旨大意第一招：可通过寻找__ ___ ___的方式归纳主旨大意,主题句可能在文章或段落___ ____,中间或___ ___,所以我们可以扫读文章的首段和尾段或段落的首句和___ ___,弄清文章或段落的____ ____搜索主题信息。
What is the main idea f the passage ?A.Smking is bad fr health. B.Smking will increase shuld be can cause fire.
Smking in indr public places including public wrkingplaces, public transprt vehicles and sme ther special utdr wrking places has been banned (禁止) in China since January 2011.Shuld smking be banned in public places?Of curse,it shuld be. First, banning smking will nt nly help in saving smkers frm health prblems and diseases, but will als be gd fr passive smkers. Next, banning smking will put stress n smkers t give up. Since a smker is prevented frm smking. At last,smking cigarettes adds t the pllutin f the air,s if it isbanned, it will help in saving the envirnment frm further deteriratin(恶化).
Everyne can experience anger smetimes. But nt everyne can cntrl it prperly.T sme peple, cntrlling anger seems like the hardest thing in the wrld t d. Cntrl these by talking t yurself in yur wn mind, when yu experience unwanted feelings. By talking it ver in yur wn head yu can wrk ut hw yu will best deal with the situatin.Anger cntrl can als be achieved by cmmunicating with thers with hnesty.Yu can effectively train yurself t respnd t situatins withut getting annyed abut things. It is imprtant t remember it is pssible fr everyne t get angry and therefre, cntrlling it is the real challenge.
What is the best title f the passage ?A. Nt everyne can cntrl anger. B. Hw t cntrl anger.C. Cmmunicating with thers is helpful.D. Cntrlling anger is challenging.
文中重复出现的词为关键词，一般与主旨相关
第二招：当找不到全文的__ ___ ___时,抓住每段的___ ___ __,和全文____ ____词，概括出全文中心思想注：任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词
Mther’s Day was cming, a man stpped at a flwer shp t rder sme flwers t be wired(电邮给) t his mther wh lived tw hundred miles away. As he gt ut f his car, he nticed a yung girl sbbing (啜泣) . He asked her what was wrng with her and she replied, “I wanted t buy a red rse fr my mther. But I nly have seventy-five cents, and a rse csts tw dllars.”The man smiled and said, “Cme n in with me. I’ll buy yu a rse.”After they went in, he bught a rse fr the little girl and rdered flwers fr his wn mther. As they were leaving, he ffered t ride the girl hme. She said, “Yes, please! But can yu take me t my mther?” “T yur mther?” the man was a little puzzled but didn’t say anything. She directed him t a cemetery(公墓), where she placed the rse n a freshly dug grave (新坟). The man was shcked and returned t the flwer shp, canceled(取消) the wire rder, picked up a bunch f flwers and drve the tw hundred miles t his mther’s huse.
He planned t wire sme rses fr his mther .
He helped a girl buy a flwer fr her mther .
He fund her flwer was fr her dead mther.
He sent the flwers fr his mther himself.
What is the passage mainly abut?Mved by the girl, the man sent his mther the flwers himself n Mther’s Day.A man helped a girl t buy a flwer fr her mther.We shuld ften help thers.We shuld lve ur mthers.
Hw t Dealing with the Prblems n Reading Cmprehensin
一、主旨大意题 （做题要领）
1. 干扰项 可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。
2. 干扰项 可能属从文中某些 (不完全的) 事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。
3. 干扰项 可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
(正确答案) 是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。
4 Smking cigarettes is harmful t yur health. Experiments shw that cigarette smking can cause cancer. Besides the mst serius and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smking als can cause ther health prblems. Fr example, it can give ne a “smker’s cugh”. Finally, studies have shwn it is easy fr cigarette smkers t catch clds. Whether yu get an unimprtant cld r terrible killer, cancer, smking is harmful. Is it wrth it? What is the main idea ?Smking can cause cancer. Smking is a terrible killer Smking is harmful t ur health. An experiment n smking.
There is n difficulty in the wrld if yu put yur heart int it.
Often n ne lks mre guilty than the inncent. On the ther hand, nbdy may lk mre inncent than a prfessinal criminal. And the man wh knws “everything” may really nly be trying t hide his wn weakness. S, it is flish t try t judge a persn nly by his appearance
Practice makes perfect.
What des the writher want t tell us ?A. The inncent lks mre guilty.B. The prfessinal criminal lks inncent. C. A man knws everything likes t hide his weekness.D. We shuldn’t judge a persn nly by his appearance.
WeChat(微信) is a mbile text and vice messaging cmmunicatin service develped by Tencent in China, first released in January 2011. With WeChat, we can cmmunicate with friends by sending text messages, vice messages, we can share ur phts r vides, share ur lcatin, we can even chat with lts f friends at the same time. Mre imprtant, it is free fr the users.
The main idea f this paragraph is that ______. A. The tls f chatting. B. We can use Wechat t chat with lts f friends. C. The functins f Wechat. D. We shuld ften cmmunicate with friends.
Tm studied fur years at the University f Paris and decided t leave befre his graduatin. He transferred t the University f Berlin and graduated with hnrs. Harvard Law Schl and, later, Bstn Cllege prvided him with an excellent legal backgrund. He is presently a crpratin lawyer in Miami, Flrida.
The main idea f this paragraph is that ______. A. Tm had studied at Paris Universities fr fur years.B. Tm became a lawyer since his graduatin frm Harvard Law Schl and later frm Bstn Cllege. C. Tm was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tm received an excellent educatin.
A mther muse was ut fr a walk with her babies when she fund a cat behind a bush. She watched the cat, and the cat watched the mice.Mther muse barked fiercely, "Wf, wf, wf!" The cat was s frightened that it ran fr it's life. Mther muse turned t her babies and said, "Nw, d yu understand the value f a secnd language?”
Step 1: Lead-in
What is the stry mainly abut?It is imprtant t learn a freign language.
事实细节
词 义 猜 测
推 理 判 断
作 者 的 态 度 意 图
要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：
（1）理解主旨和要义
（2）理解文中具体信息
（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义
（4）作出判断和推理
（5）理解文章的基本结构
（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度
英语学科阅读理解高考说明
（1).The main idea f the passage is ________. (2). The passage is mainly abut ___________. (3). What is the passage mainly abut? (4). Which f the fllwing statement can best summarize/ sum up the main idea f the passage? (5). What’s the main pint/main idea/central thught f the passage?
Step 2 :Questin frms abut the main idea
Questin frms:
（1).The best title/headline fr this passage might be______. (2).The text (Passage) culd be entitled __________. (3).What is the best title fr the passage? (4).Which f the fllwing wuld be suitable as a title fr the passage?
(1).The authr’s main purpse in writing the passage is ___.(2).The passage is meant t __________.(3).The purpse f this article is _______.(4). The authr’s purpse is t shw _______.
1.The main idea/tpic f the passage is ________.2. What is the passage mainly abut?3. What can we infer frm the passage?4. What is the last paragraph mainly cncerned(关于) abut?
5. What des the underlined wrd stand fr?6.The best title/headline fr this passage might passage culd be is the best title fr the passage?
Chse the questin frms abut the main idea f a paragraph r a passage: _____
Peple have different tastes in fd. Sme feel that they haven't eaten a meal unless they have had steak r ther red meat. Sme prefer chicken r fish and eat ne r the ther at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits r grains and wuld enjy a meal f spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others culd live n what were called fast--fds: a hamburger r ht dg, French fries and a sft drink. （1）主题句在段首 一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在议论文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。
Step 3 : Hw t get the main idea
Tday the prblem f envirnment has becme mre and mre serius. The wrld ppulatin is rising, s quickly that the wrld has becme t crwded. We are using up ur natural resurces t quickly and at the same time we are plluting ur envirnment with dangerus chemicals.
总结：该段为____ ____结构，主题句往往在___ ___, 有时在___ ____会重申主题，构成___ ___ ___结构。
The main idea f the paragraph is ________.
Shu Pulng has helped at least 1000 peple bitten by snakes, “ It was seeing peple with snakes bites that led me t the career.” Shu said…... “The sad stry tuched me s much that I decided t devte myself t helping peple bitten by snakes.” Shu said.首尾呼应为突出主题, 作者先提出主题, 结尾时再次点出主题, 这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见. 通常, 前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复, 后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味.
2 When yu are pr, yu can als say yu are very happy, because yu have smething else that can' t be bught with mney. When yu meet with difficulties, yu can say ludly yu are very happy, because yu have mre chances t challenge yurself. S yu shuld always say yu are happy.
总结：该段为____ ____结构，主题句在___ ___,往往出现在总结性的词s, therefre, as a result等之____。
What is the passage mainly abut?
Sme students prefer a strict teacher wh tells them exactly what t d. Others prefer t be left t wrk n their wn. Still thers like a demcratic discussin type f class. N ne teaching methd can be devised t satisfy all students at the same time. （2）主题句也会出现在段尾。 作者先摆出事实依据，层层推理论证，最后自然得出结论，即段落的主题。本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现，它是此段内容的结论。
3. Sme peple like reading, and sme peple like swimming. I have many hbbies, such as reading, skating, and traveling. In fact, different peple have different hbbies. My friend Ann studies very hard. S her hbby is reading all kinds f bks. Tny lves wrking with her hands, and his hbby is gardening.
总结：该段为____ ____ ___结构，主题句往往在___ ___, 如果段落中出现hwever, but, in fact, actually等时，所在的句子往往就是________。
What des this paragraph mainly talk abut?
Nthing is as useful as a flashlight n a dark night if a tire ges flat. Few inventins are s helpful t a child wh is afraid f the dark. In fact, the mdern flashlight brings light t many dark situatins. Finding smething in the back f a clset is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper als needs ne after the light f the campfire has been ut.（4）在短文中间当主题句被安排在段中间时, 通常前面只提出问题， 文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发展.
1)关注一些表征强转折关系的连词“but, yet, hwever, in fact, indeed,”等，这些词后面连接的通常都是一段话的主题句。 2) 关注一些表征总结性，结论性的词：“in brief/shrt, abve/in/after/all in all, cnclusin, in a wrd”等，这些词后面连接的通常也都是一段话的主题句。 3) 如果主题句含有shw, indicate和suggest等词，重点看其后的宾语从句。
文首：新闻报道、议论文文末：记叙文说明文:文中：例子/假设例子/假设后进入主题没有主题句：找反复出现的词语
如何归纳主旨大意第一招：可通过寻找__ ___ ___的方式归纳主旨大意,主题句可能在文章或段落___ ____,中间或___ ___,所以我们可以扫读文章的首段和尾段或段落的首句和___ ___,弄清文章或段落的____ ____搜索主题信息。
What is the main idea f the passage ?A.Smking is bad fr health. B.Smking will increase shuld be can cause fire.
Smking in indr public places including public wrkingplaces, public transprt vehicles and sme ther special utdr wrking places has been banned (禁止) in China since January 2011.Shuld smking be banned in public places?Of curse,it shuld be. First, banning smking will nt nly help in saving smkers frm health prblems and diseases, but will als be gd fr passive smkers. Next, banning smking will put stress n smkers t give up. Since a smker is prevented frm smking. At last,smking cigarettes adds t the pllutin f the air,s if it isbanned, it will help in saving the envirnment frm further deteriratin(恶化).
Everyne can experience anger smetimes. But nt everyne can cntrl it prperly.T sme peple, cntrlling anger seems like the hardest thing in the wrld t d. Cntrl these by talking t yurself in yur wn mind, when yu experience unwanted feelings. By talking it ver in yur wn head yu can wrk ut hw yu will best deal with the situatin.Anger cntrl can als be achieved by cmmunicating with thers with hnesty.Yu can effectively train yurself t respnd t situatins withut getting annyed abut things. It is imprtant t remember it is pssible fr everyne t get angry and therefre, cntrlling it is the real challenge.
What is the best title f the passage ?A. Nt everyne can cntrl anger. B. Hw t cntrl anger.C. Cmmunicating with thers is helpful.D. Cntrlling anger is challenging.
文中重复出现的词为关键词，一般与主旨相关
第二招：当找不到全文的__ ___ ___时,抓住每段的___ ___ __,和全文____ ____词，概括出全文中心思想注：任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词
Mther’s Day was cming, a man stpped at a flwer shp t rder sme flwers t be wired(电邮给) t his mther wh lived tw hundred miles away. As he gt ut f his car, he nticed a yung girl sbbing (啜泣) . He asked her what was wrng with her and she replied, “I wanted t buy a red rse fr my mther. But I nly have seventy-five cents, and a rse csts tw dllars.”The man smiled and said, “Cme n in with me. I’ll buy yu a rse.”After they went in, he bught a rse fr the little girl and rdered flwers fr his wn mther. As they were leaving, he ffered t ride the girl hme. She said, “Yes, please! But can yu take me t my mther?” “T yur mther?” the man was a little puzzled but didn’t say anything. She directed him t a cemetery(公墓), where she placed the rse n a freshly dug grave (新坟). The man was shcked and returned t the flwer shp, canceled(取消) the wire rder, picked up a bunch f flwers and drve the tw hundred miles t his mther’s huse.
He planned t wire sme rses fr his mther .
He helped a girl buy a flwer fr her mther .
He fund her flwer was fr her dead mther.
He sent the flwers fr his mther himself.
What is the passage mainly abut?Mved by the girl, the man sent his mther the flwers himself n Mther’s Day.A man helped a girl t buy a flwer fr her mther.We shuld ften help thers.We shuld lve ur mthers.
Hw t Dealing with the Prblems n Reading Cmprehensin
一、主旨大意题 （做题要领）
1. 干扰项 可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。
2. 干扰项 可能属从文中某些 (不完全的) 事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。
3. 干扰项 可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
(正确答案) 是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。
4 Smking cigarettes is harmful t yur health. Experiments shw that cigarette smking can cause cancer. Besides the mst serius and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smking als can cause ther health prblems. Fr example, it can give ne a “smker’s cugh”. Finally, studies have shwn it is easy fr cigarette smkers t catch clds. Whether yu get an unimprtant cld r terrible killer, cancer, smking is harmful. Is it wrth it? What is the main idea ?Smking can cause cancer. Smking is a terrible killer Smking is harmful t ur health. An experiment n smking.
There is n difficulty in the wrld if yu put yur heart int it.
Often n ne lks mre guilty than the inncent. On the ther hand, nbdy may lk mre inncent than a prfessinal criminal. And the man wh knws “everything” may really nly be trying t hide his wn weakness. S, it is flish t try t judge a persn nly by his appearance
Practice makes perfect.
What des the writher want t tell us ?A. The inncent lks mre guilty.B. The prfessinal criminal lks inncent. C. A man knws everything likes t hide his weekness.D. We shuldn’t judge a persn nly by his appearance.
WeChat(微信) is a mbile text and vice messaging cmmunicatin service develped by Tencent in China, first released in January 2011. With WeChat, we can cmmunicate with friends by sending text messages, vice messages, we can share ur phts r vides, share ur lcatin, we can even chat with lts f friends at the same time. Mre imprtant, it is free fr the users.
The main idea f this paragraph is that ______. A. The tls f chatting. B. We can use Wechat t chat with lts f friends. C. The functins f Wechat. D. We shuld ften cmmunicate with friends.
Tm studied fur years at the University f Paris and decided t leave befre his graduatin. He transferred t the University f Berlin and graduated with hnrs. Harvard Law Schl and, later, Bstn Cllege prvided him with an excellent legal backgrund. He is presently a crpratin lawyer in Miami, Flrida.
The main idea f this paragraph is that ______. A. Tm had studied at Paris Universities fr fur years.B. Tm became a lawyer since his graduatin frm Harvard Law Schl and later frm Bstn Cllege. C. Tm was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tm received an excellent educatin.
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