高考英语阅读理解主旨大意课件

这是一份高考英语阅读理解主旨大意课件，共33页。PPT课件主要包含了主旨归纳题，Exercise1 ，Exercise 2，遵循 “四字”原则，准---，全---，新---，精---，TIPS等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Which wrd is mre general?
A. Banana is high in ptassium yet lw in salt, making it the perfect t beat bld pressure.
B. If yu eat an apple befre each meal, yu're likely t lse weight.
C. Oranges are rich in Vitamin C, which is necessary fr healthy skin
D. They are many reasns why peple like eating fruits.
2.Chse the mst general sentence
3.They are many reasns why peple like eating fruits. The health news abut fruit gets better and better . Banana is high in ptassium yet lw in salt, making it the perfect t beat bld pressure. If yu eat an apple befre each meal, yu're likely t lse weight. Oranges are rich in Vitamin C, which is necessary fr healthy skin.
What’s the main idea f this paragraph?
Hw t get the main idea?
Ⅰwhat are cmmn frms f questins ?
●main idea（主旨类）： The main idea f the passage is ... What is the passage mainly abut?
●best title（取题目类）：What's the best title/headline fr the passage?The best title fr the passage might be ...
●purpse(作者意图类)： What's the writer's purpse in writing the passage？ The authr's purpse ... is t shw ...
Let’s practiceHw t get the main idea f a paragraph?
Para.1 One f the mst imprtant uses f gld is fr mney. Gld can be used t make rings, earrings, and ther things. Gld is als used t make gld leaf, a very flat ribbn （带）f gld that is ften used n picture frames. Cups and dishes can als be made frm gld. Therefre,gld has many uses.Q: The best title f this passage is ________.A. the mst imprtant uses f gldB. wide uses f gldC. many things made f gldD. the imprtance f gld.
[分析] 这一段是从金子最主要的用途谈起，然后用als, ften等词列举出其他用途，最后归纳出 “gld has many uses”这一主题，与B选项一致。
B. wide uses f gld
Para.2Psychlgists agree that ne imprtant factr in lneliness is a persn’s scial cntacts, e.g. friends, family members, c-wrkers, etc. We depend n varius peple fr different reasns. Fr instance, ur families give us emtinal supprt, ur parents share similar interests and activities. Hwever, psychlgists have fund that, thugh lnely peple may have many scial cntacts, they smetimes feel they shuld have mre. They questin their wn ppularity.
The tpic f the paragraph is that _________.A. ne prblem f lneliness is a persn’s scial cntacts B. we depend n varius peple fr different reasnsC. lnely peple dn’t have many scial prblemsD. lnely peple dn’t have many friends
Para.3Nthing is as useful as a flashlight in a dark night if a tire ges flat. Few inventins are s helpful t a child wh is afraid f the dark. In fact, the mdern flashlight brings light t many dark situatins. Finding smething in the back f a clset is easy with a flashlight in hand; a camper als needs ne after the light f the camp fire has been ut.
The paragraph mainly talks abut_____________.A flashlight is helpful t children.Use a flashlight when the camp fire is ut.Flashlights are useful in many dark situatins.D. Ways f using flashlights
Para.4 Tm studied fur years at the University f Paris and decided t leave befre his graduatin. He transferred t the University f Berlin and graduated with hnrs. Harvard Law Schl and, later, Bstn Cllege prvided him with an excellent legal backgrund. He is presently a crpratin lawyer in Miami, Flrida. The main idea f this paragraph is that ______. A. Tm, wh had studied at Paris Universities fr fur years, mved t anther university. B. Tm became a lawyer since his graduatin frm Harvard Law Schl and later frm Bstn Cllege. C. Tm was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tm received an excellent educatin.
Types Of Paragraph Structures
At the beginning
In the middle
N clear tpic sentence
fr example, e.g. fr instance\ i.e. \that is \first\ secnd \ finally \nce\anther time \fr ne thing …
s \therefre\thus \in shrt\ as a result\that is why
Over the past ten years, we have made sme big steps frward in ur cmmn struggle fr develpment, security and human rights. Aid and debt relief have increased, making the wrld ecnmy smewhat fairer. At last, the wrld is taking actin against HIV/AIDS. There are fewer wars between cuntries than there used t be; and many civil wars have ended. Mre Gvernments are elected by, and respnsible fr, the peple whm they gvern. And all States prtect peple frm war crimes, racial cleansing and crimes against humanity.. The paragraph mainly describes______________. A. the fact that the United Natins has becme strnger. B. the achievements that the United Natins has made. C. the threats that the United Natins has cme acrss. D. the steps that have been taken t help develping cuntries.
When students and parents are asked t rate subjects accrding t their imprtance, the arts are unavidably at the bttm f the list. Music is nice, peple seem t say, but nt imprtant. T ften it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly nt an educatin pririty(优先). This view is shrtsighted. In fact, music educatin is beneficial and imprtant fr all students.
What’s the main idea f this paragraph?A. Parents and students dn’t think music is imprtant.B. Music educatin is beneficial and imprtant fr all students.C. Peple usually think music is nt imprtant. Actually, it’s wrng.
Hw t get the main idea f a passage?
①When students and parents are asked t rate subjects accrding t their imprtance, the arts are unavidably at the bttm f the list. Music is nice, peple seem t say, but nt imprtant. T ften it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly nt an educatin pririty(优先). This view is shrtsighted. In fact, music educatin is beneficial and imprtant fr all students. ②Music tells us wh we are. Because music is an expressin f the beings wh create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well ad the scial envirnment it came influence that Gerge Gershwin and ther musicians intrduced int their music is bviusly American because it came frm  American musical traditins. Music expresses ur character and values. It gives us identity as a sciety. ③The arts are frms f thught as pwerful in what they cmmunicate as mathematical and scientific symbls. They are ways we human beings “talk” t each ther. They are the language f civilizatin thrugh which we express ur fears, ur curisities, ur hungers, ur discveries, ur hpes. The arts are ways we give frm t ur ideas and imaginatin s that they can be shared with thers. When we d nt give children access t an imprtant way f expressing themselves such as music, we take away frm them the meanings that music expresses. What is the main idea f the passage? A. Music educatin deserves mre attentin. B. Arts are imprtant fr peple. C. Music is an effective cmmunicatin tl. D. Music educatin makes students mre imaginative
Paragraph ideas
Passage idea
①When students and parents are asked t rate subjects accrding t their imprtance, the arts are unavidably at the bttm f the list. Music is nice, peple seem t say, but nt imprtant. T ften it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly nt an educatin pririty(优先). This view is shrtsighted. In fact, music educatin is beneficial and imprtant fr all students.
Peple usually think music educatin is nt imprtant,Actually, it’s nt right.
②Music tells us wh we are. Because music is an expressin f the beings wh create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well ad the scial envirnment it came influence that Gerge Gershwin and ther musicians intrduced int their music is bviusly American because it came frm  American musical traditins. Music expresses ur character and values. It gives us identity as a sciety.
Music expresses ur character and value.
③The arts are frms f thught as pwerful in what they cmmunicate as mathematical and scientific symbls. They are ways we human beings “talk” t each ther. They are the language f civilizatin thrugh which we express ur fears, ur curisities, ur hungers, ur discveries, ur hpes. The arts are ways we give frm t ur ideas and imaginatin s that they can be shared with thers. When we d nt give children access t an imprtant way f expressing themselves such as music, we take away frm them the meanings that music expresses.
Arts are gd ways fr peple t “talk” t each ther.
Music is an effective way f cmmunicatin fr peple.
①When students and parents are asked t rate subjects accrding t their imprtance, the arts are unavidably at the bttm f the list. Music is nice, peple seem t say, but nt imprtant. T ften it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly nt an educatin pririty(优先). This view is shrtsighted. In fact, music educatin is beneficial and imprtant fr all students. ②Music tells us wh we are. Because music is an expressin f the beings wh create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well ad the scial envirnment it came influence that Gerge Gershwin and ther musicians intrduced int their music is bviusly American because it came frm  American musical traditins. Music expresses ur character and values. It gives us identity as a sciety. ③The arts are frms f thught as pwerful in what they cmmunicate as mathematical and scientific symbls. They are ways we human beings “talk” t each ther. They are the language f civilizatin thrugh which we express ur fears, ur curisities, ur hungers, ur discveries, ur hpes. The arts are ways we give frm t ur ideas and imaginatin s that they can be shared with thers. When we d nt give children access t an imprtant way f expressing themselves such as music, we take away frm them the meanings that music expresses.
Peple usually think music educatin is nt imprtant, Actually, it’s nt right.
Music educatin needs mre attentin
Irrelevant inf.
Characteristics f crrect answers
1. It shuld be _________(general, detailed), but nt ver generalized.2．It shuld cver ______(sme, mst) key pints f the passage/paragraph.
It is burning ht in Mali, an island cuntry in Africa, where the highest temperature even reach 55℃, while the average temperature f the whle year there maintains (维持) abve 45℃. But t ur great surprise, the turism (旅游线) there is getting very well. Nearly all the year rund the turists can be seen cming and ging. That is because there are a large number f “In-the-Well Htels” in Mali. It means that first f all, peple have dug a thirty-meter-deep well under very ht land surface, then in the wall f the well several empty caves, abut tw meters high each, are made. In these caves beds are arranged. Obviusly, In-the-Well Htel, nt as ht as it is ut f the well, remains nly abut 12~20℃. In the cave rms, turists can find all the daily necessaries. It nt nly frees the guests f the cuntry frm the ht weather but als gives them a new and fresh experience. S it is appealing(吸引人的) t the turists cming all parts f the wrld.The best title fr this passage shuld be ________.A Mali, A Burning Ht Cuntry B Turism In MaliC The Well Htel D A way t Develp Turism
A recent study, while shwing a generally psitive attitude tward science, als suggests a widespread wrry that it may be “running ut f cntrl”, this idea is dangerus.　　Science can be a frce fr evil as well as fr gd. Its applicatins can be channeled either way, depending n ur decisins. The decisins we make, persnally r cllectively, will determine the utcmes f science. But here is a real danger. Science is advancing s fast and is s strngly influenced by businesses that we are likely t believe whatever decisins we cme t will make little difference. And, rather than fighting fr the best pssible plicies, we may step back and d nthing.　　Sme peple g even further. They say that despite the mral and legal bjectins(反对), whatever is scientifically pssible will be dne-smewhere , smetime. They believe that science will get ut f cntrl in the end. This belief is dangerus t, because it fuels a sense f hpelessness and discurages them frm making effrts t build a safer wrld.　　In ur intercnnected wrld, the lack f agreement in and ut f the wrld f science can lead t the failure t cntrl the use f science. Withut a cmmn understanding, the challenges f “cntrlling” science in this century will be really tugh. Take human clning fr example. Despite the general agreement amng scientists n its pssible huge impact(影响) n traditinal mral values, sme cuntries still g ahead with the research and develpment f its related techniques. The utcmes are hard t predict.　　Therefre, discussins n hw science is applied shuld be extended far beynd scientific scieties. Only thrugh the untied effrts f peple with hpe, can we be fully safe against the misuse f science and can science best serve mankind in the future.
What is the main idea f the passage? 　A. Science and its applicatins bring us many dangers. B. The develpment f science mstly lies in peple's attitudes. C. Mankind can largely take cntrl f science with their effrts. D. The future f science will be influenced by the dangerus ideas.
accurate---
inclusive---
用精炼的语言概括出文章的中心思想.
要注意文章的内涵和外延, 把作者的观点准确地表达出来.
要排除那些片面的选项, 选取包含文章的主要内容及作者观点的选项, 范围不宜过大或过小.
所选择的标题要新颖,对读者有吸引力, 能激发读者的阅读兴趣.
Put yurself in the writer’s shes !
Characteristics f wrng answers （干扰项特征）:
3. irrelevant infrmatin（无中生有） 文章讲的主题被换成相关但不同的主题。
1.t narrw(以偏概全) 干扰项故意片面地理解文章，只表达局部信息或某一细节。
2. t brad(过度概括）扩大文章的主题 内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容。