人教版八年级英语Unit 1Where did you go on vacation? 知识点

课堂笔记】人教版八年级上册 Unit 1外文教与学 2020-08-09 重点短语    1. stay at home 待在家里stayed (stay的过去式)2. go to the mountains 去山上    went (go的过去式)3. go to summer camp 去夏令营4. visit museums 参观博物馆5. meet someone interesting     碰见某个有趣的人    met(meet的过去式)6. do something interesting      做些有趣的事7. study for tests 为考试做准备    studied(study的过去式)8. be on vacation 在度假9.  didn't go anywhere wonderful     没有去精彩的地方10. take quite a few photos拍了不少的照片took(take的过去式)11.  of course 当然12. go to a friend's farm 去朋友的农场13. in the countryside 在乡下14. feed some hens and see some baby pigs   喂母鸡和看到一些小猪仔   fed(feed的过去式)；saw(see的过去式)15. seem to be bored 看上去很无聊    It seems that... 看来……16. keep a diary/keep diaries 记日记     kept(keep的过去式)17. an activity 一次活动     activities(activity的复数形式)18. an expensive gift 一份昂贵的礼物19. an exciting vacation一个令人兴奋的假期20. buy sth. for sb.＝buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物      bought(buy的过去式)21. have a good time 玩得开心      have a good time doing sth. 做某事开心22.  find something enjoyable 找点乐子       found(find的过去式)23. arrive in (＋大地方)/arrive at (＋小地方)     get to (＋地方)         reach (＋地方)　    到达……24. decide to go to the beach 决定去海滩     decide to do sth. 决定做某事25.  try to do sth. 尽力做某事       try doing sth. 尝试做某事               have a try 尝试一下26. feel like sth.  感觉像某物      feel like doing sth. 想做某事27. ride bicycles to sp. 骑自行车去某地      rode(ride的过去式)28. a lot of new buildings 许多新建筑物29. the houses of the Chinese traders中国商人的房子30. enjoy walking around 喜欢到处走走31. walk up to the top 走到山顶32. wait over an hour for the train等火车一个多小时33. rain hard 雨下得大34. be/get wet 淋湿      got(get的过去式)35. have an umbrella 有一把雨伞36. because of 因为；由于37.  can't see anything below        看不见下面的东西38. bring enough money 带足够的钱      brought(bring的过去式)39.  along the way 沿途40.  another two hours＝two more hours        再两小时41. in the shopping center 在购物中心42. on our school trip 在我们学校郊游中43. a bag with food and water      一个装着食物和水的袋子44. find out 弄清楚；查明白45. so... that...如此……以至于……46.  Beijing duck 北京烤鸭47. keep doing sth.  继续做某事48. go on 继续49. jump up and down in excitement      兴奋得跳上跳下50. start to come up 开始出现 重点句型1. Long time no see. 好久不见。2. I was on vacation last month. 上个月我在休假。3. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.我大多数时间只是待在家里阅读、放松。4. I bought something for my parents, but nothingfor myself.我给我父母买了些东西，但没给我自己买。5.  The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read.唯一的问题就是晚上除了看书没什么事可做。6. I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。7. I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道过去这儿的生活是怎样的。8. What a difference a daymakes!一天的差异多大啊！9. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard.当我们到达山顶时，雨下得很大。10. Because of the bad weather, we couldn't see anything below.由于天气不好，下面的东西我们什么都看不见。11.  The city looked wonderful from the top of the hill. 从山顶往下看，城市非常精彩。12. It was so beautiful that we forgot about the last five hours!它是如此美丽以至于我们忘记了之前5个小时(的辛苦)。 词法精选 1. quite a fewa few 意为“一些；若干”，相当于some。few意为“几乎没有”，后跟可数名词复数形式。quite a few 意为“相当多；不少”，相当于many，后跟可数名词复数形式。如：①There are a few pictures in the book.书里有一些图画。②He is a quiet boy and he has few words.他是一个安静的男孩，几乎不说话。③He has a few good friends here.他在这里有一些好朋友。2. seemseem可作不及物动词或系动词，后面可接形容词、不定式或从句。如：①Everything seems easy.一切似乎都很容易。②He seems to have a cold. 他似乎感冒了。③It seems that no one likes this film.似乎没人喜欢这部电影。3. try doing 与 try to dotry doing sth.意为“尝试做某事”；try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事”；try one's best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。如：①I tried calling him, but no one answered.我试着给他打电话，但没人接。②I tried my best to get good grades.我尽最大努力取得好成绩。③I'm trying to learn English well.我正在努力学好英语。4．enough(1)当enough为形容词作定语时，放在名词前，既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。如：①We have enough clothes for all the children. 我们为孩子准备了足够的衣服。②As teenagers, we need enough sleep.作为青少年，我们需要足够的睡眠。(2)当enough作副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在它们之后。如：①This house isn't big enough for us.这房子对我们来说不够大。②He knows the situation well enough.他对情况了如指掌。(3)形容词/副词＋enough＋to do sth. 意为“足够地……，可以……”。如：He is old enough to look after himself.他足够地大，可以照顾他自己了。 句法精析 1. How did you like it？你觉得它怎么样？How do you like...？意为“你觉得……怎么样”，用来询问对方的观点或看法，相当于What do you think of...？或How do you feel about...? 如：①How do you like the new teacher?你觉得新来的老师怎么样？②What do you think of your new job?＝Howdo you feel about your new job?你觉得你的新工作怎么样？2. What a difference a day makes!一天的差异多大啊！ 如：What a beautiful girl she is!她是一个多么美丽的女孩啊！也可以表达为：How beautiful the girl is! 语法精讲 1. 反身代词除第三人称是人称代词宾格加－self或－selves构成外，其余各人称都是形容词性物主代词加－self或－selves构成。即：myself, yourself, himself, herself,itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves。(1)反身代词作宾语，位于及物动词或介词之后。如：①They enjoyed themselves very much at the party. 他们在聚会上玩得非常高兴。②I cut myself with a knife.我用刀把自己割伤了。【注意】反身代词表示动作回到主语本身，所以它应该与动作发出者在人称和数上保持一致。(2)反身代词作主语的同位语，起强调作用，此时其位置可在主语之后，也可在句末。如：①I myself can finish it on time.我自己能准时完成。②He worked out the problem himself.他自己解决了这个问题。(3)反身代词的常用词组teach oneself 自学learn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 过得愉快；玩得开心by oneself 独自2. 复合不定代词something, somebody, someone,anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody,everyone等不定代词。(1)与形容词连用时，形容词必须置于复合不定代词之后，语法上称作“后置”。如：①I bought something special for my mother.我给我妈妈买了样特别的东西。②Did you meet anyone interesting?你遇见了有趣的人吗？(2)复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，当它们做句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如：①There's something  wrong with my bike.我的自行车破了。②Nobody knows the answer to thequestion.没人知道这个问题的答案。(3)在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表示反问的疑问句中，用something, someone,somebody等复合不定代词。如：Why don't you ask someone to helpyou?你为什么不叫个人来帮你呢？(4)当anything表示“任何事(物)；无论何事(物)”， anyone, anybody表示“无论谁；任何人”等意义时，它们也可以用于肯定句中。如：①Anything is OK. 什么都行。②Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。3. 过去时态句法结构(1)肯定形式：主语＋动词过去式＋其他。如：She came to help us last weekend.她上周来帮我们。(2)否定形式：1)主语＋was/were＋not＋其他．2)主语＋didn't＋动词原形＋其他．如：I didn't know you like coffee.我不知道你喜欢咖啡。(3)一般疑问句：1)Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？2)Was/Were＋主语＋表语？如：Did he finish his homework?他完成他的作业了吗？(4)特殊疑问句：1)特殊疑问词＋did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？2)特殊疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋其他？如：Where did you go last week?你上周去哪里了？