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辽宁省2022年中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-3选词填空&阅读翻译
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这是一份辽宁省2022年中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-3选词填空&阅读翻译，共25页。
辽宁省2022年中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-3选词填空&阅读翻译
一、 选词填空（共11小题）
1． （2022•鞍山）
fast build in I other minute held or fall because else though
Everyone can be the best at something.Last week，a middle school in Beijing （1） an activity called Guinness Campus （校园吉尼斯）to help students find their potential（潜力）.
"There are all kinds of projects you can take part in and all kinds of records for you to set，" said ninth grader Lin Yan. "I chose 'Domino Tower' （2） I have the most confidence in this."
Students needed to （3） a tower using dominoes（多 米诺骨牌）.Whoever built the tallest tower in one minute won.Lin set the record with 33 levels. "At first I didn't do it very well，but after trying over and over again，I found some ways to do it much （4） ，"she said. "The game requires you to be both calm and patient.If you lose your temper（脾气） when the tower （5） ，you may lose the chance to win."
Seventh grader Wang Shuangqi set a record for the longest juggle（颠球） of a soccer ball with one foot．He did it for 4 （6） and 34 seconds. "I have been practicing juggling for three （7） four years，so I'm confident，"said Wang. "Juggling with only one foot needs balance and stability（稳定性），and I'm talented （8） it."
When asked if he was afraid that someone （9） would break his record one day，Wang said he was expecting that to happen. "During the activity，we keep reaching higher goals.If someone breaks （10） record，I'll be even more encouraged to try harder，finding more potential with in me."
2． （2022•阜新）
how study when show machine a what need use with living in
Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school ﹣﹣ a school where people learn how to do many of the jobs that are needed in modern society.
"After I finished secondary school，my results（1） that I was better at doing things than at reading books.I had to decide how I wanted to make a（2） in the future.I'm the sort of person who is good at making things（3） my hands.So I chose to go to vocational school." Now，he learns how to repair machines.
"Everyone needs a skill that is（4） if they want a good life.And I like learning about（5） things work，" he says.
Mark tells people that he is very happy about his choice. "Now I can study the things that I like best.Everyone wants to（6） what they are good at，don't they？" He believes that he has a bright future ahead of him. "You can't have a society where everyone works in（7） office.Workers who can make things and repair things will always be（8） ."
（9） people ask Mark what he is most interested in，he smiles. "Planes.I don't know why I've always loved（10） that fly，but I do.One day，I'm going to help repair the planes that carry people all over the world."
3． （2022•锦州）
fill，through，possible，turned，much，drum，hear，three，these，others
This is a story about two wise men — Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu.The Chinese people have been telling the story for many years.
One day，Zhou Yu gave Zhuge Liang an （1） task.He asked him to make 100，000 arrows （箭）in ten days. ''No problem，" Zhuge Liang said at once. "I'll bring you 100，000 arrows in（2） days."
Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers （士兵）to （3） 20 large boats with many straw （稻草）men.On the early morning of the third day，he also asked the soldiers to sail （航行） the boats to the camps of Cao Cao's army on the （4） side of the river.The soldiers shouted and beat their drums loudly.
When Cao Cao's soldiers （5） the sounds，they thought they were under attack（攻击）.However，they could not see enemies（6） the thick fog （雾）on the river.Cao Cao ordered his soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds of the （7） and the shouting.Zhuge Liang 's boats were soon full of arrows.
Zhuge Liang' s soldiers then（8） the boats around and shouted， "Thank you for your arrows，Cao Cao." Zhuge Liang took all（9） arrows to Zhou Yu.He finished the task successfully.There were （10） than 100，000 of them.It is the story of Borrow Arrows with Straw Boats.
4． （2022•丹东）
one much when in teach new they foot warm make on history
How many pairs of socks do you own？Socks keep your feet（1） and protect them.Socks are a part of everyday life，but how（2） do you know about socks？
You can learn about socks at the Sock Museum.Some socks on show are produced in（3） of the earliest sock factories in our country.
The museum（4） people many things about sock knitting （编织）. （5） people visit the different parts of the museum，they can find out answers to some questions，such as "How are socks（6） ？" "What are ancient socks like？" "Who wore socks in the past？" Maybe the answers to the questions can help people appreciate （欣赏） socks in a（7） way.
Besides learning about the（8） of socks，people can have some fun.There is a DIY classroom（9） the museum，and they can see hand﹣crank （手摇曲柄的） machines.They can use these machines to make socks by（10） .It must be an exciting and interesting experience!
5． （2022•大连）
luckylearnknowmagiclook up
Patrick never did homework. "Too boring，" he said.He played baseball and basketball instead.His teachers told him， "Patrick!Do your homework，or you can't （1） a thing." And it's true.Sometimes he did feel like a fool.But what could he do？He hated homework.
One day，Patrick's cat was playing with a little "doll".He found it wasn't a doll at all，but a man of the smallest size.The man called，"Save me!Don't give me back to that cat.I have （2） .I will help you if you save me!"
Patrick couldn't believe how （3） he was!Here was the answer to all of his problems.So he said， "Only if you do all my homework till the end of the term.If you do a good enough job，I can even get As."
The little elf（精灵） kicked his legs and rubbed（搓） his hands. "All right.I'll do it."
And true to his words，that little elf began to do Patrick's homework.Sometimes he （4） what to do and he needed help. "Help me!Help me!" he'd say.And Patrick would have to help—in whatever way.
"What does this word mean？" the elf cried while he was reading Patrick's homework. "Get me a dictionary.No，what's even better， （5） the word and explain it to me."
6． （2022•大连）
hard classmatedoloudly library
When it came to math，Patrick was out of luck. "What are times tables？" the elf shouted （1） . "We elves never need that.Here，sit down beside me and guide me."
Elves knew nothing of human history.So the little elf，already a shouter，just got louder. "Go to the （2） ，I need books.More and more books.And you can help me read them，too."
In fact，every day in every way，Patrick was working（3） than ever and staying up late.He never felt so tired.
Finally，the last day of school arrived and the elf was free to go.As there was no more homework，he quietly ran out of the back door.
Patrick got his A's，his （4） were amazed，his teachers smiled and were full of praise（赞扬）.And his parents？They wondered what had happened to Patrick.
You see，in the end，Patrick still thought all his homework （5） by the tiny man.But I'll share a secret，just between you and me.It wasn't the elf，Patrick did it himself!
7． （2022•沈阳）阅读短文，然后根据其内容从方框中选出可以填入空白处的短语。
had fun in need raised my spirits so nice your visit
Dear Betty，
I'm writing this letter to express my thanks to you.You helped me a lot when I was （1） .
My parents had to work all day，so I felt lonely while in hospital.Before （2） ，I was feeling very low.When you came，everything changed.We（3） together.When I said that I needed some photos of the park near my home，you offered to bring them to me on your next visit.You were （4） .I was able to make a nice painting of the park.I have taken a photo of my painting，and sent it to you with this letter.You really helped me during my illness.You（5） ，and made me feel loved.Thank you so much!
Yours，
Cindy
8． （2022•盘锦）
in spirit afford spent period woke summer cost cold successful saw winter
During the Jin Dynasty （266﹣420），there was a child called Che Yin.He was smart and loved to read.He grew up in a poor family and couldn't（1） lamp （灯） oil to study at night.One night，he（2） fireflies （萤火虫） outside his house and came up with an idea.He caught some fireflies and put them（3） a cloth （布） bag and hung the bag up as a lamp.It was said that he （4） all of his summer nights reading like this.
Another child named Sun Kang lived during the same （5） .At that time，a lot of people loved reading very much.One night during （6） ，Sun used up all of his lamp oil and couldn't study at night.When he suddenly （7） up at midnight，he noticed the thick snow reflecting the moonlight.His first thought was "Oh，I can use the reflected light to read!" He still took out his books and read，even if it was very （8） .
Both of the kids later became （9） government officers.People were touched by their hard﹣working （10） .Their stories inspired （启发） the Chinese idiom（成语） nangying yingxue，or "to read by the light of bagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow".
9． （2022•营口）
China return teach family real study one pride that bear
Hello，everyone!I'd like to tell you something about a famous scientist named Qian Xuesen.He was（1） in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province on December 11，1911.After graduating from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934，he got a chance（2） in USA.After he graduated，he became a（3） as well as a researcher who studied rockets and missile （导弹） theories （理论）.
When he was 44，he（4） to his motherland and the country's space research was almost a blank.In 1956，he set up the（5） research institute （研究所） of rockets and missiles in China.He made such important contributions to the missile and space programs（6） he was honored as "The Father of China's Missiles".The Chinese people are（7） of him.
He passed away on October 31，2009 at the age of 98，but all the （8） will remember him forever.His devotion （忠诚） to China was expressed in his saying，"My career is in China，my success is in China and my destination is in China!" When someone said he could make a lot more money if he stayed in the United States，he laughed and said， "My（9） name is Qian，but I don't like qian." His spirit （10） encourages us to love our country and devote ourselves to science.He sets a good example for us.
10． （2022•朝阳）
daymemoryreturnbutgohourinterest
Many Chinese people these days leave their hometowns to work in the cities.They usually （1） to their hometowns one or two times a year.Zhong Wei hasn't been back in close to three years.He has worked in a factory in Wenzhou for 13 years.Although it is only about ten（2） bus ride，he is just too busy to go back.
People like him are（3） in how their hometowns are changing.New buildings are often built by the government.Zhong Wei thinks these changes are good because things need to change in order to become better. （4） he also thinks some things will never change，and his hometown is still the place that holds all his soft and sweet（5） .
11． （2022•辽宁）
easy mistake only before suggestion travel cover painful though stone changed nothing
Long long ago，people always walked barefooted（光脚的）.
A king happened to（1） far into the countryside.He was greatly troubled because there were lots of broken（2） on the road and they hurt his feet seriously.When he returned to his palace，he told his men（3） all the roads with cattle hide（牛皮革）.He hoped walking would no longer be a （4） thing.But even if all cattle in the country were killed，there wouldn't be enough hide to get the work done.
They could do（5） but shake their heads.At this time，a clever general in the palace made a（n）（6） ，"My king，why don't you take an easy way？You don't need to kill so many cattle.You（7） cover each of your feet with a piece of hide." The king was surprised and pleased，and he （8） his mind at once and supported the plan.
This is why people use hide to make shoes.（9） it seems strange，it encourages us to think.It is usually （10） to change oneself than to change the world.Try to put yourself in the position of the person you deal with.Then when you use another way of thinking，you will find it is not difficult for you to solve the problem.
一、 语法填空（共1小题）（仅2022年有此题型）
1． （2022•沈阳）It is believed that the earliest chopsticks were developed over 5，000 years ago in China.In the Spring and Autumn Period，metal（金属） chopsticks appeared.Today（1） （us） have chopsticks made of different materials（材料）.
In ancient times，the rich（2） （usual） used hard green stone or gold chopsticks for showing their wealth.It was said that silver chopsticks would turn black if they touched poisoned（有毒的） food （but we know it was wrong today），so in history many kings used them（3） （see） whether the food was bad for them or not.
In China，chopsticks （4） （give） to a daughter when she marries to hope that they will have a child very soon，because the word in Chinese is pronounced like "quick child".People often believe chopsticks mean good luck.So on the （5） （one） day of a new year，many families will put new chopsticks on the table at dinner，wishing good luck.
It's believed that using chopsticks at dinner is very（6） （help） to make your fingers do everything freely.It can improve memory，too.Now many westerners put the knives and forks beside their （7） （bowl） and dishes but choose chopsticks in China.
二、 阅读翻译（共4小题）
2． （2022•阜新）Learn to relax.Overwork is the main reason why so many students feel tired. （1）Cut down some of the jobs you need to do each day so that you only do the most important things well.Leave time for activities that are relaxing and fun.This might mean reading a good book，listening to the music，going for a walk or taking a relaxing bath.You will feel very good.
Get a good night's sleep. （2）Getting enough sleep will help you keep your body and mind in the best condition.If you sleep late and need to get up early for school the next day，you can't pay attention to the things you need to do.You also feel tired.
Exercise regularly and eat well.Don't rush through your meals.Eat less junk food or fast food.Eat healthy food instead.Fruits and vegetables are necessary.
（1）
（2）
3． （2022•丹东）It is believed that short sightedness （近视） is caused by screen use，watching TV or reading in weak light.Researchers have found something different. （1）They advise children to spend two or three hours playing outside each day.It can reduce children's chance of becoming short﹣sighted.
（2）The research shows that sunlight is good for people's eyes.Playing outside can prevent people from becoming short﹣sighted.A famous researcher，Ian Morgan said， "Humans are naturally long﹣sighted，but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors，the number of short﹣sighted people gets larger."
So be outdoors.It doesn't matter if that time is spent having a picnic or playing sports.
（1）
（2）
4． （2022•营口）We cannot travel every path.Success must be won along one line.
（1）I hate a thing done by halves. If it is right，do it bravely.If it is wrong，leave it undone.The men of history were not perpetually （无休止地） looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size.When they worked，they paid attention to nothing else and insisted on it.They did it so well that people around the world saw them to be great，and they called them great men.
To live with a high ideal （理想） is a successful life.（2）Whatever they do，they always try their best.That makes the man strong.They know that if they do not work with all their efforts，others will overtake （超越） them.
（3）Success depends less and less on luck and chance.Continuous effort is the key to success.
（1）
（2）
（3）
5． （2022•辽宁）As we know，when the students finish the middle school，they may throw away their textbooks，though most of them are still in good condition.It is really a great waste!
I suggest that we should recycle these books.（1）On the one hand，we can save a lot of materials by recycling them.On the other hand，the students have made plenty of useful notes on the pages，they are very helpful to the following users.
At present，the whole country is calling on us to build a saving society.（2）It is very meaningful to our country.In fact，in other countries，recycling textbooks is also popular.
（1）
（2）
参考答案与试题解析
一、 选词填空（共11小题）
1． （2022•鞍山）
fast build in I other minute held or fall because else though
Everyone can be the best at something.Last week，a middle school in Beijing （1） held an activity called Guinness Campus （校园吉尼斯）to help students find their potential（潜力）.
"There are all kinds of projects you can take part in and all kinds of records for you to set，" said ninth grader Lin Yan. "I chose 'Domino Tower' （2） because I have the most confidence in this."
Students needed to （3） build a tower using dominoes（多 米诺骨牌）.Whoever built the tallest tower in one minute won.Lin set the record with 33 levels. "At first I didn't do it very well，but after trying over and over again，I found some ways to do it much （4） faster ，"she said. "The game requires you to be both calm and patient.If you lose your temper（脾气） when the tower （5） falls ，you may lose the chance to win."
Seventh grader Wang Shuangqi set a record for the longest juggle（颠球） of a soccer ball with one foot．He did it for 4 （6） minutes and 34 seconds. "I have been practicing juggling for three （7） or four years，so I'm confident，"said Wang. "Juggling with only one foot needs balance and stability（稳定性），and I'm talented （8） in it."
When asked if he was afraid that someone （9） else would break his record one day，Wang said he was expecting that to happen. "During the activity，we keep reaching higher goals.If someone breaks （10） my record，I'll be even more encouraged to try harder，finding more potential with in me."
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：上周，北京的一所中学举办了一项名为吉尼斯校园的活动，帮助学生发掘潜力。根据an activity，可知是举办活动，held为hold"举办"的过去式，根据last week，可知时态为一般过去时。故答案为：held。
（2）考查连词。句意：我选择了‘多米诺塔'，因为我对此最有信心。根据句意，可知这里用because"因为"。故答案为：because。
（3）考查动词。句意：学生们需要用多米诺骨牌建造一座塔。根据a tower，可知建造一座塔，build"修建"，need to do sth"需要做某事"。故答案为：build。
（4）考查比较级。句意：一开始我做得不太好，但经过一次又一次的尝试，我找到了一些更快的方法。根据after trying over and over again，可知，我找到了一些更快的方法，much后跟比较级，fast的比较级为faster。故答案为：faster。
（5）考查动词。句意：如果你在塔楼倒塌时发脾气，你可能会失去获胜的机会。根据you may lose the chance to win，可知如果你在塔楼倒塌时发脾气，你可能会失去获胜的机会，"倒塌"为动词"fall"，根据文章，可知时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故用fall的单数形式falls。故答案为：falls。
（6）考查名词。句意：他用了4分34秒。根据and 34 seconds，可知他用了4分34秒，4分"4 minutes"。故答案为：minutes。
（7）考查连词。句意：我练杂耍已经三、四年了，所以我很自信。根据句意，可知"三、四年"为"three or four years"。故答案为：or。
（8）考查介词。句意：只用一只脚玩杂耍需要平衡和稳定，我在这方面很有天赋。根据句意，be talented in"在...方面有天赋"符合句意。故答案为：in。
（9）考查形容词。句意：当被问到是否担心有一天会有其他的人打破他的纪录时，王建民说，他期待这种情况发生。根据句意，可知这里为someone else"其他的人"。故答案为：else。
（10）考查人称代词。句意：如果有人打破了我的记录，我会更受鼓励，更加努力，从中发现更多的潜力。根据I'll be even more encouraged to try harder，finding more potential with in me（我会更受鼓励，更加努力，从中发现更多的潜力）可知如果有人打破了我的记录，"我的"为形容词性物主代词"my"，修饰名词record。故答案为：my。
2． （2022•阜新）
how study when show machine a what need use with living in
Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school ﹣﹣ a school where people learn how to do many of the jobs that are needed in modern society.
"After I finished secondary school，my results（1） showed that I was better at doing things than at reading books.I had to decide how I wanted to make a（2） living in the future.I'm the sort of person who is good at making things（3） with my hands.So I chose to go to vocational school." Now，he learns how to repair machines.
"Everyone needs a skill that is（4） useful if they want a good life.And I like learning about（5） how things work，" he says.
Mark tells people that he is very happy about his choice. "Now I can study the things that I like best.Everyone wants to（6） study what they are good at，don't they？" He believes that he has a bright future ahead of him. "You can't have a society where everyone works in（7） an office.Workers who can make things and repair things will always be（8） needed ."
（9） When people ask Mark what he is most interested in，he smiles. "Planes.I don't know why I've always loved（10） machines that fly，but I do.One day，I'm going to help repair the planes that carry people all over the world."
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：中学毕业后，我的成绩显示，我做事比读书更在行。show"显示"符合题意，根据 After I finished secondary school，中学毕业后，可知要用一般过去时态时，故填showed。
（2）考查动词。句意：我必须决定我将来想怎样谋生。make a living"谋生"，故填 living。
（3）考查介词。句意：我是那种善于用手制作东西的人。with my hands"用手"，故填with。
（4）考查形容词。句意：如果想要美好的生活，每个人都需要一种有用的技能。useful"有用的"，故填useful。
（5）考查副词。句意：我喜欢学习事物如何运作。how"如何"，故填how。
（6）考查动词。句意：每个人都想学习他们擅长的东西，不是吗？wants to+动词原形study，表示想学习。故填study。
（7）考查冠词。句意：你不可能有一个人人都在办公室工作的社会。office是以元音音素开头的，前用不定冠词an。故填an。
（8）考查动词。句意：总是需要能够制造和修理东西的工人。根据句意，needed符合题意，这里用过去分词表示被动的含义"被需要"，故填needed。
（9）考查连词。句意：当人们问马克他最感兴趣的是什么时，他笑了。When"当……时候"引导时间状语从句。故填When。
（10）考查名词。句意：我不知道为什么我一直喜欢会飞的机器，但我喜欢。根据前面的Planes."飞机"，此处应填名词复数machines"机器"。故填machines。
3． （2022•锦州）
fill，through，possible，turned，much，drum，hear，three，these，others
This is a story about two wise men — Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu.The Chinese people have been telling the story for many years.
One day，Zhou Yu gave Zhuge Liang an （1） impossible task.He asked him to make 100，000 arrows （箭）in ten days. ''No problem，" Zhuge Liang said at once. "I'll bring you 100，000 arrows in（2） three days."
Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers （士兵）to （3） fill 20 large boats with many straw （稻草）men.On the early morning of the third day，he also asked the soldiers to sail （航行） the boats to the camps of Cao Cao's army on the （4） other side of the river.The soldiers shouted and beat their drums loudly.
When Cao Cao's soldiers （5） heard the sounds，they thought they were under attack（攻击）.However，they could not see enemies（6） through the thick fog （雾）on the river.Cao Cao ordered his soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds of the （7） drums and the shouting.Zhuge Liang 's boats were soon full of arrows.
Zhuge Liang' s soldiers then（8） turned the boats around and shouted， "Thank you for your arrows，Cao Cao." Zhuge Liang took all（9） these arrows to Zhou Yu.He finished the task successfully.There were （10） more than 100，000 of them.It is the story of Borrow Arrows with Straw Boats.
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：一天，周瑜给了诸葛亮一个不可能完成的任务。根据"He asked him to make 100，000 arrows （箭）in ten days.（他要求他在十天后制造十万支箭。）"可知为possible"可能的"反义词impossible"不可能的"符合题意。故填impossible。
（2）考查数词。句意："没问题，"诸葛亮立刻说，"我三天后给你带十万支箭"。根据前文讲述"周瑜要求诸葛亮在十天后制造十万支箭"和下文"On the early morning of the third day（第三天一早）"可知三天后给你带十万支箭，in three days"三天后"。故填three。
（3）考查动词。句意：诸葛亮要求他的士兵在20艘大船上装满许多稻草。根据句意，可知fill sth with sth"用...把...填满"符合句意，ask sb to do sth"要求某人做某事"。故填fill。
（4）考查形容词。句意：第三天一早，他还要求士兵们把船开到河对岸的曹军营地。根据side of the river，可知为the other side of the river，指河的另一边。故填other。
（5）考查动词。句意：当曹操的士兵听到这些声音时，他们以为自己受到了攻击。根据sounds，可知hear"听到"符合句意，根据thought可知时态为一般过去时，hear的过去式为"heard"。故填heard。
（6）考查介词。句意：然而，他们无法透过河上的浓雾看到敌人。根据the thick fog （雾），可知透过浓雾，穿过"through"，指从内部穿过。故填through。
（7）考查名词。句意：曹操命令他的士兵朝着鼓声和喊声射箭。根据前文讲述敲鼓，可知这里指鼓的声音，the sounds of the drums"鼓声"。故填drums。
（8）考查动词。句意：诸葛亮的士兵们把船转过来，喊道："谢谢你的箭，曹操"。根据讲述草船上有了曹操军队射出的箭，可知士兵们把船转过来，转向"turn"，根据文章，可知时态为一般过去时，turn的过去式为"turned"。故填turned。
（9）考查代词。句意：诸葛亮把这些箭都送给了周瑜。根据arrows，可知指这些箭，these"这些"，后跟可数名词复数。故填these。
（10）考查比较级。句意：其中有10万多支箭。根据than，可知为more than"多于"符合句意。故填more。
4． （2022•丹东）
one much when in teach new they foot warm make on history
How many pairs of socks do you own？Socks keep your feet（1） warm and protect them.Socks are a part of everyday life，but how（2） much do you know about socks？
You can learn about socks at the Sock Museum.Some socks on show are produced in（3） one of the earliest sock factories in our country.
The museum（4） teaches people many things about sock knitting （编织）. （5） When people visit the different parts of the museum，they can find out answers to some questions，such as "How are socks（6） made ？" "What are ancient socks like？" "Who wore socks in the past？" Maybe the answers to the questions can help people appreciate （欣赏） socks in a（7） new way.
Besides learning about the（8） history of socks，people can have some fun.There is a DIY classroom（9） in the museum，and they can see hand﹣crank （手摇曲柄的） machines.They can use these machines to make socks by（10） themselves .It must be an exciting and interesting experience!
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：袜子可以保暖并保护你的脚。keep....+形容词，使...保持....，故填warm。
（2）考查副词。句意：袜子是日常生活的一部分，但是你对袜子了解多少呢？how much多少，故填much。
（3）考查数词。句意：展出的一些袜子是我国最早的袜子厂之一生产的。one of+最高级+名词复数，表示最...其中之一，故填one。
（4）考查动词。句意：博物馆教人们许多关于袜子编织的事情。teach教，一般现在时，museum做主语，动词要用第三人称单数，故填teaches。
（5）考查连词。句意：当人们参观博物馆的不同地方时，他们可以找到一些问题的答案。when当...时候，故填When。
（6）考查动词。句意：比如"袜子是怎么做的？be made被制作，故填made。
（7）考查形容词。句意：也许这些问题的答案可以帮助人们以一种新的方式欣赏袜子。new形容词，修饰后面的名词way，故填new。
（8）考查名词。句意：除了了解袜子的历史，人们还可以玩得开心。the history of....的历史，故填history。
（9）考查介词。句意：博物馆里有一个DIY教室，他们可以看到手摇机。in在...里，故填in。
（10）考查代词。句意：他们可以用这些机器自己制作袜子。by oneself靠自己，they要用themselves，故填themselves。
5． （2022•大连）
luckylearnknowmagiclook up
Patrick never did homework. "Too boring，" he said.He played baseball and basketball instead.His teachers told him， "Patrick!Do your homework，or you can't （1） learn a thing." And it's true.Sometimes he did feel like a fool.But what could he do？He hated homework.
One day，Patrick's cat was playing with a little "doll".He found it wasn't a doll at all，but a man of the smallest size.The man called，"Save me!Don't give me back to that cat.I have （2） magic .I will help you if you save me!"
Patrick couldn't believe how （3） lucky he was!Here was the answer to all of his problems.So he said， "Only if you do all my homework till the end of the term.If you do a good enough job，I can even get As."
The little elf（精灵） kicked his legs and rubbed（搓） his hands. "All right.I'll do it."
And true to his words，that little elf began to do Patrick's homework.Sometimes he （4） didn't know what to do and he needed help. "Help me!Help me!" he'd say.And Patrick would have to help—in whatever way.
"What does this word mean？" the elf cried while he was reading Patrick's homework. "Get me a dictionary.No，what's even better， （5） look up the word and explain it to me."
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：做你的家庭作业，否则你什么都学不到。结合句意用动词learn学习，can后加动词原形，故答案为learn。
（2）考查名词。句意：我有魔法。结合句意选择名词magic，故答案为magic。
（3）考查形容词。句意：Patrick简直不敢相信他是多么幸运！结合Here was the answer to all of his problems.（这是他所有问题的答案。）可知是多么幸运的lucky，故答案为lucky。
（4）考查动词。句意：有时他不知道该做什么，需要帮助。结合he needed help可知是不知道做什么，故用否定，结合needed用一般过去时，借助于did，故答案为didn't know。
（5）考查短语。句意：不，更好的是，查一下这个词，给我解释一下。结合the word and explain it to me选择短语look up查找，祈使句动词原形开头，故答案为look up。
6． （2022•大连）
hard classmatedoloudly library
When it came to math，Patrick was out of luck. "What are times tables？" the elf shouted （1） loudly . "We elves never need that.Here，sit down beside me and guide me."
Elves knew nothing of human history.So the little elf，already a shouter，just got louder. "Go to the （2） library ，I need books.More and more books.And you can help me read them，too."
In fact，every day in every way，Patrick was working（3） harder than ever and staying up late.He never felt so tired.
Finally，the last day of school arrived and the elf was free to go.As there was no more homework，he quietly ran out of the back door.
Patrick got his A's，his （4） classmates were amazed，his teachers smiled and were full of praise（赞扬）.And his parents？They wondered what had happened to Patrick.
You see，in the end，Patrick still thought all his homework （5） was done by the tiny man.But I'll share a secret，just between you and me.It wasn't the elf，Patrick did it himself!
【解答】（1）考查副词。句意："乘法表是什么？"小精灵大声喊道。loudly"大声"符合题意，用副词修饰实义动词。故答案为loudly。
（2）考查名词。句意：去图书馆，我需要书。library"图书馆"符合题意，the后跟名词。故答案为library。
（3）考查副词比较级。句意：事实上，每一天，在各个方面，帕特里克都比以前工作得更努力，而且一直熬夜。hard"努力"符合题意，work为实义动词，用副词修饰，根据than判断用比较级。故答案为harder。
（4）考查名词。句意：帕特里克得了A，他的同学都很惊讶，他的老师微笑着，对他赞不绝口。classmate"同学"符合题意，用可数名词复数表示类别。故答案为classmates。
（5）考查被动语态。句意：你看，最后，帕特里克仍然认为他所有的家庭作业都是由那个小人完成的。do"完成"符合题意，一般过去时，判断用被动语态，不可数名词后谓语动词为was done的形式。故答案为was done。
7． （2022•沈阳）阅读短文，然后根据其内容从方框中选出可以填入空白处的短语。
had fun in need raised my spirits so nice your visit
Dear Betty，
I'm writing this letter to express my thanks to you.You helped me a lot when I was （1） in need .
My parents had to work all day，so I felt lonely while in hospital.Before （2） your visit ，I was feeling very low.When you came，everything changed.We（3） had fun together.When I said that I needed some photos of the park near my home，you offered to bring them to me on your next visit.You were （4） so nice .I was able to make a nice painting of the park.I have taken a photo of my painting，and sent it to you with this letter.You really helped me during my illness.You（5） raised my spirits ，and made me feel loved.Thank you so much!
Yours，
Cindy
【解答】考查短语
（1）句意：在我最困难的时候，你帮了我很多。根据helped me a lot（帮助我很多）可知是在我困难的时候帮助我。故填in need。
（2）句意：在你来访之前，我感觉很低落。根据I was feeling very low（我当时情绪很低落）可知在你来访之前，我感觉很低落。故填your visit。
（3）句意：我们一起很开心。根据When you came，everything changed.（你来了，一切都变了）可知，我们一起很开心。故填had fun。
（4）句意：你真好。根据You helped me a lot when I was （1）in need .（在我最困难的时候，你帮了我很多。）可知，此处是指你真好。故填so nice。
（5）句意：你鼓舞了我的精神，让我感受到爱。根据made me feel loved（让我感受到爱）可知，你鼓舞了我的精神，让我感受到爱。故填raised my spirits。
8． （2022•盘锦）
in spirit afford spent period woke summer cost cold successful saw winter
During the Jin Dynasty （266﹣420），there was a child called Che Yin.He was smart and loved to read.He grew up in a poor family and couldn't（1） afford lamp （灯） oil to study at night.One night，he（2） saw fireflies （萤火虫） outside his house and came up with an idea.He caught some fireflies and put them（3） in a cloth （布） bag and hung the bag up as a lamp.It was said that he （4） spent all of his summer nights reading like this.
Another child named Sun Kang lived during the same （5） period .At that time，a lot of people loved reading very much.One night during （6） winter ，Sun used up all of his lamp oil and couldn't study at night.When he suddenly （7） woke up at midnight，he noticed the thick snow reflecting the moonlight.His first thought was "Oh，I can use the reflected light to read!" He still took out his books and read，even if it was very （8） cold .
Both of the kids later became （9） successful government officers.People were touched by their hard﹣working （10） spirit .Their stories inspired （启发） the Chinese idiom（成语） nangying yingxue，or "to read by the light of bagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow".
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：他从小家境贫寒，上晚自习买不起灯油。afford提供，could+动词原形，故填afford。
（2）考查动词。句意：一天晚上，他看到屋外有萤火虫，于是想出了一个主意。see看到，一般过去时态，动词要用过去式，故填saw。
（3）考查介词。句意：他抓了一些萤火虫，把它们放在一个布袋里，然后把布袋挂起来当灯用。put....in放到...里，故填in。
（4）考查动词。句意：据说他所有的夏夜都是这样阅读的。spend doing sth花费时间做某事，一般过去时态，动词要用过去式，故填spent。
（5）考查名词。句意：另一个名叫孙康的孩子生活在同一时期。period时期，the same厚棉常加名词单数，故填period。
（6）考查名词。句意：冬天的一个晚上，孙把灯油用完了，晚上无法学习。winter冬天，故填winter。
（7）考查动词。句意：当他在午夜突然醒来时，他注意到厚厚的积雪反射着月光。wake up醒来，一般过去时态，动词要用过去式，故填woke。
（8）考查形容词。句意：即使天气很冷，他仍然拿出书本阅读。cold冷的，形容词，放在be后作表语，故填cold。
（9）考查形容词。句意：这两个孩子后来都成为了成功的政府官员。successful成功的，形容词，修饰后面的名词officers，故填successful。
（10）考查名词。句意：人们被他们努力工作的精神所感动。spirit精神，不可数名词，故填spirit。
9． （2022•营口）
China return teach family real study one pride that bear
Hello，everyone!I'd like to tell you something about a famous scientist named Qian Xuesen.He was（1） born in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province on December 11，1911.After graduating from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934，he got a chance（2） to study in USA.After he graduated，he became a（3） teacher as well as a researcher who studied rockets and missile （导弹） theories （理论）.
When he was 44，he（4） returned to his motherland and the country's space research was almost a blank.In 1956，he set up the（5） first research institute （研究所） of rockets and missiles in China.He made such important contributions to the missile and space programs（6） that he was honored as "The Father of China's Missiles".The Chinese people are（7） proud of him.
He passed away on October 31，2009 at the age of 98，but all the （8） Chinese will remember him forever.His devotion （忠诚） to China was expressed in his saying，"My career is in China，my success is in China and my destination is in China!" When someone said he could make a lot more money if he stayed in the United States，he laughed and said， "My（9） family name is Qian，but I don't like qian." His spirit （10） really encourages us to love our country and devote ourselves to science.He sets a good example for us.
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：他于1911年12月11日出生在浙江杭州。be born出生，故填born。
（2）考查动词。句意：1934年从上海交通大学毕业后，他有机会去美国学习。get a chance to do sth得到...机会，故填to study。
（3）考查名词。句意：毕业后，他成为了一名教师和一名研究火箭和导弹理论的研究员。teacher教师，a+名词单数，故填teacher。
（4）考查动词。句意：当他44岁的时候，他回到了他的祖国，而这个国家的太空研究几乎是一片空白。return to回到，一般过去时态，动词要用过去式，故填returned。
（5）考查数词。句意：1956年，他建立了中国第一个火箭和导弹研究所。the+序数词，故填first。
（6）考查连词。句意：他对导弹和太空计划做出了如此重要的贡献，以至于被尊称为"中国导弹之父"。so....that如此...以至于，故填that。
（7）考查形容词。句意：中国人民为他感到骄傲。be proud of为...感到自豪，故填proud。
（8）考查名词。句意：但是所有的中国人将永远记住他。chinese中国人，故填Chinese。
（9）考查名词。句意：我姓钱，但我不喜欢钱。family name姓，故填family。
（10）考查副词。句意：他的精神真的鼓励我们热爱我们的国家，献身于科学。really副词，修饰动词encourage，故填really。
10． （2022•朝阳）
daymemoryreturnbutgohourinterest
Many Chinese people these days leave their hometowns to work in the cities.They usually （1） return to their hometowns one or two times a year.Zhong Wei hasn't been back in close to three years.He has worked in a factory in Wenzhou for 13 years.Although it is only about ten（2） hours bus ride，he is just too busy to go back.
People like him are（3） interested in how their hometowns are changing.New buildings are often built by the government.Zhong Wei thinks these changes are good because things need to change in order to become better. （4） But he also thinks some things will never change，and his hometown is still the place that holds all his soft and sweet（5） memories .
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：他们通常一年返回家一两次。主体时态是一般现在时，主语是they，故答案为return。
（2）考查名词。句意：尽管乘公共汽车只有大约10个小时的路程，但是他太忙了不能回去。前面的词语是ten，所以要用复数名词来填空，故答案为hours。
（3）考查形容词。句意：像他一样的人对他们的家乡是如何变化的感兴趣。be interested in固定短语，对...感兴趣，故答案为interested。
（4）考查连词。句意：但是他也认为一些事情永远不会改变，他的家乡仍然是承载着他所有的温馨而甜蜜的记忆。前后句子存在转折关系，故答案为But。
（5）考查名词。句意：但是他也认为一些事情永远不会改变，他的家乡仍然是承载着他所有的温馨而甜蜜的记忆。复数名词表示一类事物故答案为memories。
11． （2022•辽宁）
easy mistake only before suggestion travel cover painful though stone changed nothing
Long long ago，people always walked barefooted（光脚的）.
A king happened to（1） travel far into the countryside.He was greatly troubled because there were lots of broken（2） stones on the road and they hurt his feet seriously.When he returned to his palace，he told his men（3） to cover all the roads with cattle hide（牛皮革）.He hoped walking would no longer be a （4） painful thing.But even if all cattle in the country were killed，there wouldn't be enough hide to get the work done.
They could do（5） nothing but shake their heads.At this time，a clever general in the palace made a（n）（6） suggestion ，"My king，why don't you take an easy way？You don't need to kill so many cattle.You（7） only cover each of your feet with a piece of hide." The king was surprised and pleased，and he （8） changed his mind at once and supported the plan.
This is why people use hide to make shoes.（9） Though it seems strange，it encourages us to think.It is usually （10） easier to change oneself than to change the world.Try to put yourself in the position of the person you deal with.Then when you use another way of thinking，you will find it is not difficult for you to solve the problem.
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：一个国王碰巧到很远的乡村去旅行。happen to do sth.固定短语，碰巧做某事，故答案为travel。
（2）考查名词。句意：他被碎石弄得很困扰。前面的词语是broken，所以要用名词来填空，复数名词表示一类事物。故答案为stones。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：他命令他的人给所有的道路都铺上牛皮。tell sb.to do sth.固定短语，告诉某人做某事，故答案为to cover。
（4）考查形容词。句意：他希望走路不再是一个痛苦的事情。形容词修饰名词，故答案为painful。
（5）考查代词。句意：他们除了摇头之外，什么也做不了。前面的词语是do，所以要用代词来填空，故答案为nothing。
（6）考查名词。句意：宫殿里一个聪明的将军做出了一个决定。make a suggestion固定短语，提出一个建议，故答案为suggestion。
（7）考查副词。句意：你只需要用一块皮革覆盖住你的脚就可以。副词修饰动词，故答案为only。
（8）考查动词。句意：他立刻改变了他的注意。主体时态是一般过去时，故答案为changed。
（9）考查连词。句意：尽管这看起来很奇怪，但是这让我们思考。Though引导让步状语从句，故答案为Though。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：改变某人自己要比改变这个世界更简单一点。后面的词语是than，所以要用形容词比较级来填空，故答案为easier。
一、 语法填空（共1小题）
1． （2022•沈阳）It is believed that the earliest chopsticks were developed over 5，000 years ago in China.In the Spring and Autumn Period，metal（金属） chopsticks appeared.Today（1） we （us） have chopsticks made of different materials（材料）.
In ancient times，the rich（2） usually （usual） used hard green stone or gold chopsticks for showing their wealth.It was said that silver chopsticks would turn black if they touched poisoned（有毒的） food （but we know it was wrong today），so in history many kings used them（3） to see （see） whether the food was bad for them or not.
In China，chopsticks （4） are given （give） to a daughter when she marries to hope that they will have a child very soon，because the word in Chinese is pronounced like "quick child".People often believe chopsticks mean good luck.So on the （5） first （one） day of a new year，many families will put new chopsticks on the table at dinner，wishing good luck.
It's believed that using chopsticks at dinner is very（6） helpful （help） to make your fingers do everything freely.It can improve memory，too.Now many westerners put the knives and forks beside their （7） bowls （bowl） and dishes but choose chopsticks in China.
【解答】（1）考查代词。句意：今天我们有不同材料制成的筷子。根据题干，可知此处是主语，用代词主格。故填we。
（2）考查副词。句意：在古代，富人通常用坚硬的绿色石头或金筷子来显示他们的财富。根据题干，可知此处是副词修饰动词used。故填usually。
（3）考查动词。句意：据说银筷子如果接触有毒的食物就会变黑（但我们现在知道这是不对的），所以在历史上许多国王用它们来判断食物是否对他们有害。根据题干，可知考查use...to do sth使用……做某事。故填to see。
（4）考查动词。句意：在中国，当女儿结婚时，人们会给她一双筷子，希望她们很快能有一个孩子，因为在中文里，筷子的发音像"快孩子"。根据主语chopsticks是动作的承受者，用被动语态。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，用are+过去分词。故填are given。
（5）考查序数词。句意：所以在新年的第一天，许多家庭会在晚餐时把新的筷子放在桌子上，希望好运。根据句意，可知此处是指年年的第一天，用序数词。故填first。
（6）介词形容词。句意：人们认为在晚餐时使用筷子很有帮助，可以让你的手指自由地做任何事情。根据题干，可知考查be helpful to对……有帮助。可知故填helpful。
（7）考查名词。句意：现在许多西方人把刀叉放在碗和盘子旁边，而在中国却选择筷子。根据their，可知此处是指他们的碗，是名词复数形式。故填bowls。
二、 阅读翻译（共4小题）
2． （2022•阜新）Learn to relax.Overwork is the main reason why so many students feel tired. （1）Cut down some of the jobs you need to do each day so that you only do the most important things well.Leave time for activities that are relaxing and fun.This might mean reading a good book，listening to the music，going for a walk or taking a relaxing bath.You will feel very good.
Get a good night's sleep. （2）Getting enough sleep will help you keep your body and mind in the best condition.If you sleep late and need to get up early for school the next day，you can't pay attention to the things you need to do.You also feel tired.
Exercise regularly and eat well.Don't rush through your meals.Eat less junk food or fast food.Eat healthy food instead.Fruits and vegetables are necessary.
（1） 减少一些你每天需要做的工作，这样你就只要把最重要的事情做好。
（2） 获得足够的睡眠将帮助你保持你的身体和精神在最佳状态。
【解答】英译汉题。
（1）Cut down减少；some of the jobs一些工作；you need to do你需要做的；each day每天；so that以便；you你；only只要；do做；the most important things最重要的事情；well好。故填：减少一些你每天需要做的工作，这样你就只要把最重要的事情做好。
（2）Getting获得；enough sleep充足的睡眠；will将；help帮助；you你；keep保持；your body你的身体；and和；mind精神；in the best condition处在最佳状态。故填：获得足够的睡眠将帮助你保持你的身体和精神在最佳状态。
3． （2022•丹东）It is believed that short sightedness （近视） is caused by screen use，watching TV or reading in weak light.Researchers have found something different. （1）They advise children to spend two or three hours playing outside each day.It can reduce children's chance of becoming short﹣sighted.
（2）The research shows that sunlight is good for people's eyes.Playing outside can prevent people from becoming short﹣sighted.A famous researcher，Ian Morgan said， "Humans are naturally long﹣sighted，but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors，the number of short﹣sighted people gets larger."
So be outdoors.It doesn't matter if that time is spent having a picnic or playing sports.
（1） 他们建议孩子们每天花两三个小时在外面玩。
（2） 研究表明，阳光对人的眼睛有好处。
【解答】英译汉题。
（1）这是一个简单句，they他们；advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事，固定搭配；children孩子们；spend some time doing sth.花费一些时间做某事；two or three hours两三个小时；play玩；outside外面；each day每天，固定搭配。故答案为：他们建议孩子们每天花两三个小时在外面玩。
（2）这是一个主从复合句，that引导宾语从句；research研究；show表明；sunlight阳光；be good for对...有好处，固定搭配；people's 人的；eyes眼睛。故答案为：研究表明，阳光对人的眼睛有好处。
4． （2022•营口）We cannot travel every path.Success must be won along one line.
（1）I hate a thing done by halves. If it is right，do it bravely.If it is wrong，leave it undone.The men of history were not perpetually （无休止地） looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size.When they worked，they paid attention to nothing else and insisted on it.They did it so well that people around the world saw them to be great，and they called them great men.
To live with a high ideal （理想） is a successful life.（2）Whatever they do，they always try their best.That makes the man strong.They know that if they do not work with all their efforts，others will overtake （超越） them.
（3）Success depends less and less on luck and chance.Continuous effort is the key to success.
（1） 我讨厌做事半途而废。
（2） 无论他们做什么，他们总是竭尽全力。
（3） 成功越来越不依赖于运气和巧合/机会。
【解答】英译汉题。
（1）I我，hate讨厌，a thing一件事；done by halves半途而废，过去分词短语做定语修饰名词 a thing。故答案为：我讨厌做事半途而废。
（2）该句使用了当whatever，引导让步状语从句，意为"无论什么"；Whatever they do论他们做什么；they他们；always总是；try their best竭尽全力，固定短语 try one's best竭尽全力。故答案为：无论他们做什么，他们总是竭尽全力。
（3）Success成功；depends less and less on 越来越不依赖于；luck and chance运气和机会。定语depend...on表示依赖于。故答案为：成功越来越不依赖于运气和机会。
5． （2022•辽宁）As we know，when the students finish the middle school，they may throw away their textbooks，though most of them are still in good condition.It is really a great waste!
I suggest that we should recycle these books.（1）On the one hand，we can save a lot of materials by recycling them.On the other hand，the students have made plenty of useful notes on the pages，they are very helpful to the following users.
At present，the whole country is calling on us to build a saving society.（2）It is very meaningful to our country.In fact，in other countries，recycling textbooks is also popular.
（1） 一方面，我们可以通过回收利用它们来节约大量原料。
（2） 建设节约型社会对我们国家非常有意义。
【解答】英译汉题。
（1）On the one hand一方面；we我们；can可以；save节约；a lot of很多；materials材料，原料；by通过；recycling回收利用；them它们（指书本）。故填：一方面，我们可以通过回收利用它们来节约大量原料。
（2）It代词，指代"建设节约些社会"；is是；very非常；meaningful有意义的；to对；our country我们的国家。故填：建设节约型社会对我们国家非常有意义。
辽宁省2022年中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-3选词填空&阅读翻译
一、 选词填空（共11小题）
1． （2022•鞍山）
fast build in I other minute held or fall because else though
Everyone can be the best at something.Last week，a middle school in Beijing （1） an activity called Guinness Campus （校园吉尼斯）to help students find their potential（潜力）.
"There are all kinds of projects you can take part in and all kinds of records for you to set，" said ninth grader Lin Yan. "I chose 'Domino Tower' （2） I have the most confidence in this."
Students needed to （3） a tower using dominoes（多 米诺骨牌）.Whoever built the tallest tower in one minute won.Lin set the record with 33 levels. "At first I didn't do it very well，but after trying over and over again，I found some ways to do it much （4） ，"she said. "The game requires you to be both calm and patient.If you lose your temper（脾气） when the tower （5） ，you may lose the chance to win."
Seventh grader Wang Shuangqi set a record for the longest juggle（颠球） of a soccer ball with one foot．He did it for 4 （6） and 34 seconds. "I have been practicing juggling for three （7） four years，so I'm confident，"said Wang. "Juggling with only one foot needs balance and stability（稳定性），and I'm talented （8） it."
When asked if he was afraid that someone （9） would break his record one day，Wang said he was expecting that to happen. "During the activity，we keep reaching higher goals.If someone breaks （10） record，I'll be even more encouraged to try harder，finding more potential with in me."
2． （2022•阜新）
how study when show machine a what need use with living in
Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school ﹣﹣ a school where people learn how to do many of the jobs that are needed in modern society.
"After I finished secondary school，my results（1） that I was better at doing things than at reading books.I had to decide how I wanted to make a（2） in the future.I'm the sort of person who is good at making things（3） my hands.So I chose to go to vocational school." Now，he learns how to repair machines.
"Everyone needs a skill that is（4） if they want a good life.And I like learning about（5） things work，" he says.
Mark tells people that he is very happy about his choice. "Now I can study the things that I like best.Everyone wants to（6） what they are good at，don't they？" He believes that he has a bright future ahead of him. "You can't have a society where everyone works in（7） office.Workers who can make things and repair things will always be（8） ."
（9） people ask Mark what he is most interested in，he smiles. "Planes.I don't know why I've always loved（10） that fly，but I do.One day，I'm going to help repair the planes that carry people all over the world."
3． （2022•锦州）
fill，through，possible，turned，much，drum，hear，three，these，others
This is a story about two wise men — Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu.The Chinese people have been telling the story for many years.
One day，Zhou Yu gave Zhuge Liang an （1） task.He asked him to make 100，000 arrows （箭）in ten days. ''No problem，" Zhuge Liang said at once. "I'll bring you 100，000 arrows in（2） days."
Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers （士兵）to （3） 20 large boats with many straw （稻草）men.On the early morning of the third day，he also asked the soldiers to sail （航行） the boats to the camps of Cao Cao's army on the （4） side of the river.The soldiers shouted and beat their drums loudly.
When Cao Cao's soldiers （5） the sounds，they thought they were under attack（攻击）.However，they could not see enemies（6） the thick fog （雾）on the river.Cao Cao ordered his soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds of the （7） and the shouting.Zhuge Liang 's boats were soon full of arrows.
Zhuge Liang' s soldiers then（8） the boats around and shouted， "Thank you for your arrows，Cao Cao." Zhuge Liang took all（9） arrows to Zhou Yu.He finished the task successfully.There were （10） than 100，000 of them.It is the story of Borrow Arrows with Straw Boats.
4． （2022•丹东）
one much when in teach new they foot warm make on history
How many pairs of socks do you own？Socks keep your feet（1） and protect them.Socks are a part of everyday life，but how（2） do you know about socks？
You can learn about socks at the Sock Museum.Some socks on show are produced in（3） of the earliest sock factories in our country.
The museum（4） people many things about sock knitting （编织）. （5） people visit the different parts of the museum，they can find out answers to some questions，such as "How are socks（6） ？" "What are ancient socks like？" "Who wore socks in the past？" Maybe the answers to the questions can help people appreciate （欣赏） socks in a（7） way.
Besides learning about the（8） of socks，people can have some fun.There is a DIY classroom（9） the museum，and they can see hand﹣crank （手摇曲柄的） machines.They can use these machines to make socks by（10） .It must be an exciting and interesting experience!
5． （2022•大连）
luckylearnknowmagiclook up
Patrick never did homework. "Too boring，" he said.He played baseball and basketball instead.His teachers told him， "Patrick!Do your homework，or you can't （1） a thing." And it's true.Sometimes he did feel like a fool.But what could he do？He hated homework.
One day，Patrick's cat was playing with a little "doll".He found it wasn't a doll at all，but a man of the smallest size.The man called，"Save me!Don't give me back to that cat.I have （2） .I will help you if you save me!"
Patrick couldn't believe how （3） he was!Here was the answer to all of his problems.So he said， "Only if you do all my homework till the end of the term.If you do a good enough job，I can even get As."
The little elf（精灵） kicked his legs and rubbed（搓） his hands. "All right.I'll do it."
And true to his words，that little elf began to do Patrick's homework.Sometimes he （4） what to do and he needed help. "Help me!Help me!" he'd say.And Patrick would have to help—in whatever way.
"What does this word mean？" the elf cried while he was reading Patrick's homework. "Get me a dictionary.No，what's even better， （5） the word and explain it to me."
6． （2022•大连）
hard classmatedoloudly library
When it came to math，Patrick was out of luck. "What are times tables？" the elf shouted （1） . "We elves never need that.Here，sit down beside me and guide me."
Elves knew nothing of human history.So the little elf，already a shouter，just got louder. "Go to the （2） ，I need books.More and more books.And you can help me read them，too."
In fact，every day in every way，Patrick was working（3） than ever and staying up late.He never felt so tired.
Finally，the last day of school arrived and the elf was free to go.As there was no more homework，he quietly ran out of the back door.
Patrick got his A's，his （4） were amazed，his teachers smiled and were full of praise（赞扬）.And his parents？They wondered what had happened to Patrick.
You see，in the end，Patrick still thought all his homework （5） by the tiny man.But I'll share a secret，just between you and me.It wasn't the elf，Patrick did it himself!
7． （2022•沈阳）阅读短文，然后根据其内容从方框中选出可以填入空白处的短语。
had fun in need raised my spirits so nice your visit
Dear Betty，
I'm writing this letter to express my thanks to you.You helped me a lot when I was （1） .
My parents had to work all day，so I felt lonely while in hospital.Before （2） ，I was feeling very low.When you came，everything changed.We（3） together.When I said that I needed some photos of the park near my home，you offered to bring them to me on your next visit.You were （4） .I was able to make a nice painting of the park.I have taken a photo of my painting，and sent it to you with this letter.You really helped me during my illness.You（5） ，and made me feel loved.Thank you so much!
Yours，
Cindy
8． （2022•盘锦）
in spirit afford spent period woke summer cost cold successful saw winter
During the Jin Dynasty （266﹣420），there was a child called Che Yin.He was smart and loved to read.He grew up in a poor family and couldn't（1） lamp （灯） oil to study at night.One night，he（2） fireflies （萤火虫） outside his house and came up with an idea.He caught some fireflies and put them（3） a cloth （布） bag and hung the bag up as a lamp.It was said that he （4） all of his summer nights reading like this.
Another child named Sun Kang lived during the same （5） .At that time，a lot of people loved reading very much.One night during （6） ，Sun used up all of his lamp oil and couldn't study at night.When he suddenly （7） up at midnight，he noticed the thick snow reflecting the moonlight.His first thought was "Oh，I can use the reflected light to read!" He still took out his books and read，even if it was very （8） .
Both of the kids later became （9） government officers.People were touched by their hard﹣working （10） .Their stories inspired （启发） the Chinese idiom（成语） nangying yingxue，or "to read by the light of bagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow".
9． （2022•营口）
China return teach family real study one pride that bear
Hello，everyone!I'd like to tell you something about a famous scientist named Qian Xuesen.He was（1） in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province on December 11，1911.After graduating from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934，he got a chance（2） in USA.After he graduated，he became a（3） as well as a researcher who studied rockets and missile （导弹） theories （理论）.
When he was 44，he（4） to his motherland and the country's space research was almost a blank.In 1956，he set up the（5） research institute （研究所） of rockets and missiles in China.He made such important contributions to the missile and space programs（6） he was honored as "The Father of China's Missiles".The Chinese people are（7） of him.
He passed away on October 31，2009 at the age of 98，but all the （8） will remember him forever.His devotion （忠诚） to China was expressed in his saying，"My career is in China，my success is in China and my destination is in China!" When someone said he could make a lot more money if he stayed in the United States，he laughed and said， "My（9） name is Qian，but I don't like qian." His spirit （10） encourages us to love our country and devote ourselves to science.He sets a good example for us.
10． （2022•朝阳）
daymemoryreturnbutgohourinterest
Many Chinese people these days leave their hometowns to work in the cities.They usually （1） to their hometowns one or two times a year.Zhong Wei hasn't been back in close to three years.He has worked in a factory in Wenzhou for 13 years.Although it is only about ten（2） bus ride，he is just too busy to go back.
People like him are（3） in how their hometowns are changing.New buildings are often built by the government.Zhong Wei thinks these changes are good because things need to change in order to become better. （4） he also thinks some things will never change，and his hometown is still the place that holds all his soft and sweet（5） .
11． （2022•辽宁）
easy mistake only before suggestion travel cover painful though stone changed nothing
Long long ago，people always walked barefooted（光脚的）.
A king happened to（1） far into the countryside.He was greatly troubled because there were lots of broken（2） on the road and they hurt his feet seriously.When he returned to his palace，he told his men（3） all the roads with cattle hide（牛皮革）.He hoped walking would no longer be a （4） thing.But even if all cattle in the country were killed，there wouldn't be enough hide to get the work done.
They could do（5） but shake their heads.At this time，a clever general in the palace made a（n）（6） ，"My king，why don't you take an easy way？You don't need to kill so many cattle.You（7） cover each of your feet with a piece of hide." The king was surprised and pleased，and he （8） his mind at once and supported the plan.
This is why people use hide to make shoes.（9） it seems strange，it encourages us to think.It is usually （10） to change oneself than to change the world.Try to put yourself in the position of the person you deal with.Then when you use another way of thinking，you will find it is not difficult for you to solve the problem.
一、 语法填空（共1小题）（仅2022年有此题型）
1． （2022•沈阳）It is believed that the earliest chopsticks were developed over 5，000 years ago in China.In the Spring and Autumn Period，metal（金属） chopsticks appeared.Today（1） （us） have chopsticks made of different materials（材料）.
In ancient times，the rich（2） （usual） used hard green stone or gold chopsticks for showing their wealth.It was said that silver chopsticks would turn black if they touched poisoned（有毒的） food （but we know it was wrong today），so in history many kings used them（3） （see） whether the food was bad for them or not.
In China，chopsticks （4） （give） to a daughter when she marries to hope that they will have a child very soon，because the word in Chinese is pronounced like "quick child".People often believe chopsticks mean good luck.So on the （5） （one） day of a new year，many families will put new chopsticks on the table at dinner，wishing good luck.
It's believed that using chopsticks at dinner is very（6） （help） to make your fingers do everything freely.It can improve memory，too.Now many westerners put the knives and forks beside their （7） （bowl） and dishes but choose chopsticks in China.
二、 阅读翻译（共4小题）
2． （2022•阜新）Learn to relax.Overwork is the main reason why so many students feel tired. （1）Cut down some of the jobs you need to do each day so that you only do the most important things well.Leave time for activities that are relaxing and fun.This might mean reading a good book，listening to the music，going for a walk or taking a relaxing bath.You will feel very good.
Get a good night's sleep. （2）Getting enough sleep will help you keep your body and mind in the best condition.If you sleep late and need to get up early for school the next day，you can't pay attention to the things you need to do.You also feel tired.
Exercise regularly and eat well.Don't rush through your meals.Eat less junk food or fast food.Eat healthy food instead.Fruits and vegetables are necessary.
（1）
（2）
3． （2022•丹东）It is believed that short sightedness （近视） is caused by screen use，watching TV or reading in weak light.Researchers have found something different. （1）They advise children to spend two or three hours playing outside each day.It can reduce children's chance of becoming short﹣sighted.
（2）The research shows that sunlight is good for people's eyes.Playing outside can prevent people from becoming short﹣sighted.A famous researcher，Ian Morgan said， "Humans are naturally long﹣sighted，but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors，the number of short﹣sighted people gets larger."
So be outdoors.It doesn't matter if that time is spent having a picnic or playing sports.
（1）
（2）
4． （2022•营口）We cannot travel every path.Success must be won along one line.
（1）I hate a thing done by halves. If it is right，do it bravely.If it is wrong，leave it undone.The men of history were not perpetually （无休止地） looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size.When they worked，they paid attention to nothing else and insisted on it.They did it so well that people around the world saw them to be great，and they called them great men.
To live with a high ideal （理想） is a successful life.（2）Whatever they do，they always try their best.That makes the man strong.They know that if they do not work with all their efforts，others will overtake （超越） them.
（3）Success depends less and less on luck and chance.Continuous effort is the key to success.
（1）
（2）
（3）
5． （2022•辽宁）As we know，when the students finish the middle school，they may throw away their textbooks，though most of them are still in good condition.It is really a great waste!
I suggest that we should recycle these books.（1）On the one hand，we can save a lot of materials by recycling them.On the other hand，the students have made plenty of useful notes on the pages，they are very helpful to the following users.
At present，the whole country is calling on us to build a saving society.（2）It is very meaningful to our country.In fact，in other countries，recycling textbooks is also popular.
（1）
（2）
参考答案与试题解析
一、 选词填空（共11小题）
1． （2022•鞍山）
fast build in I other minute held or fall because else though
Everyone can be the best at something.Last week，a middle school in Beijing （1） held an activity called Guinness Campus （校园吉尼斯）to help students find their potential（潜力）.
"There are all kinds of projects you can take part in and all kinds of records for you to set，" said ninth grader Lin Yan. "I chose 'Domino Tower' （2） because I have the most confidence in this."
Students needed to （3） build a tower using dominoes（多 米诺骨牌）.Whoever built the tallest tower in one minute won.Lin set the record with 33 levels. "At first I didn't do it very well，but after trying over and over again，I found some ways to do it much （4） faster ，"she said. "The game requires you to be both calm and patient.If you lose your temper（脾气） when the tower （5） falls ，you may lose the chance to win."
Seventh grader Wang Shuangqi set a record for the longest juggle（颠球） of a soccer ball with one foot．He did it for 4 （6） minutes and 34 seconds. "I have been practicing juggling for three （7） or four years，so I'm confident，"said Wang. "Juggling with only one foot needs balance and stability（稳定性），and I'm talented （8） in it."
When asked if he was afraid that someone （9） else would break his record one day，Wang said he was expecting that to happen. "During the activity，we keep reaching higher goals.If someone breaks （10） my record，I'll be even more encouraged to try harder，finding more potential with in me."
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：上周，北京的一所中学举办了一项名为吉尼斯校园的活动，帮助学生发掘潜力。根据an activity，可知是举办活动，held为hold"举办"的过去式，根据last week，可知时态为一般过去时。故答案为：held。
（2）考查连词。句意：我选择了‘多米诺塔'，因为我对此最有信心。根据句意，可知这里用because"因为"。故答案为：because。
（3）考查动词。句意：学生们需要用多米诺骨牌建造一座塔。根据a tower，可知建造一座塔，build"修建"，need to do sth"需要做某事"。故答案为：build。
（4）考查比较级。句意：一开始我做得不太好，但经过一次又一次的尝试，我找到了一些更快的方法。根据after trying over and over again，可知，我找到了一些更快的方法，much后跟比较级，fast的比较级为faster。故答案为：faster。
（5）考查动词。句意：如果你在塔楼倒塌时发脾气，你可能会失去获胜的机会。根据you may lose the chance to win，可知如果你在塔楼倒塌时发脾气，你可能会失去获胜的机会，"倒塌"为动词"fall"，根据文章，可知时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故用fall的单数形式falls。故答案为：falls。
（6）考查名词。句意：他用了4分34秒。根据and 34 seconds，可知他用了4分34秒，4分"4 minutes"。故答案为：minutes。
（7）考查连词。句意：我练杂耍已经三、四年了，所以我很自信。根据句意，可知"三、四年"为"three or four years"。故答案为：or。
（8）考查介词。句意：只用一只脚玩杂耍需要平衡和稳定，我在这方面很有天赋。根据句意，be talented in"在...方面有天赋"符合句意。故答案为：in。
（9）考查形容词。句意：当被问到是否担心有一天会有其他的人打破他的纪录时，王建民说，他期待这种情况发生。根据句意，可知这里为someone else"其他的人"。故答案为：else。
（10）考查人称代词。句意：如果有人打破了我的记录，我会更受鼓励，更加努力，从中发现更多的潜力。根据I'll be even more encouraged to try harder，finding more potential with in me（我会更受鼓励，更加努力，从中发现更多的潜力）可知如果有人打破了我的记录，"我的"为形容词性物主代词"my"，修饰名词record。故答案为：my。
2． （2022•阜新）
how study when show machine a what need use with living in
Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school ﹣﹣ a school where people learn how to do many of the jobs that are needed in modern society.
"After I finished secondary school，my results（1） showed that I was better at doing things than at reading books.I had to decide how I wanted to make a（2） living in the future.I'm the sort of person who is good at making things（3） with my hands.So I chose to go to vocational school." Now，he learns how to repair machines.
"Everyone needs a skill that is（4） useful if they want a good life.And I like learning about（5） how things work，" he says.
Mark tells people that he is very happy about his choice. "Now I can study the things that I like best.Everyone wants to（6） study what they are good at，don't they？" He believes that he has a bright future ahead of him. "You can't have a society where everyone works in（7） an office.Workers who can make things and repair things will always be（8） needed ."
（9） When people ask Mark what he is most interested in，he smiles. "Planes.I don't know why I've always loved（10） machines that fly，but I do.One day，I'm going to help repair the planes that carry people all over the world."
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：中学毕业后，我的成绩显示，我做事比读书更在行。show"显示"符合题意，根据 After I finished secondary school，中学毕业后，可知要用一般过去时态时，故填showed。
（2）考查动词。句意：我必须决定我将来想怎样谋生。make a living"谋生"，故填 living。
（3）考查介词。句意：我是那种善于用手制作东西的人。with my hands"用手"，故填with。
（4）考查形容词。句意：如果想要美好的生活，每个人都需要一种有用的技能。useful"有用的"，故填useful。
（5）考查副词。句意：我喜欢学习事物如何运作。how"如何"，故填how。
（6）考查动词。句意：每个人都想学习他们擅长的东西，不是吗？wants to+动词原形study，表示想学习。故填study。
（7）考查冠词。句意：你不可能有一个人人都在办公室工作的社会。office是以元音音素开头的，前用不定冠词an。故填an。
（8）考查动词。句意：总是需要能够制造和修理东西的工人。根据句意，needed符合题意，这里用过去分词表示被动的含义"被需要"，故填needed。
（9）考查连词。句意：当人们问马克他最感兴趣的是什么时，他笑了。When"当……时候"引导时间状语从句。故填When。
（10）考查名词。句意：我不知道为什么我一直喜欢会飞的机器，但我喜欢。根据前面的Planes."飞机"，此处应填名词复数machines"机器"。故填machines。
3． （2022•锦州）
fill，through，possible，turned，much，drum，hear，three，these，others
This is a story about two wise men — Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu.The Chinese people have been telling the story for many years.
One day，Zhou Yu gave Zhuge Liang an （1） impossible task.He asked him to make 100，000 arrows （箭）in ten days. ''No problem，" Zhuge Liang said at once. "I'll bring you 100，000 arrows in（2） three days."
Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers （士兵）to （3） fill 20 large boats with many straw （稻草）men.On the early morning of the third day，he also asked the soldiers to sail （航行） the boats to the camps of Cao Cao's army on the （4） other side of the river.The soldiers shouted and beat their drums loudly.
When Cao Cao's soldiers （5） heard the sounds，they thought they were under attack（攻击）.However，they could not see enemies（6） through the thick fog （雾）on the river.Cao Cao ordered his soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds of the （7） drums and the shouting.Zhuge Liang 's boats were soon full of arrows.
Zhuge Liang' s soldiers then（8） turned the boats around and shouted， "Thank you for your arrows，Cao Cao." Zhuge Liang took all（9） these arrows to Zhou Yu.He finished the task successfully.There were （10） more than 100，000 of them.It is the story of Borrow Arrows with Straw Boats.
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：一天，周瑜给了诸葛亮一个不可能完成的任务。根据"He asked him to make 100，000 arrows （箭）in ten days.（他要求他在十天后制造十万支箭。）"可知为possible"可能的"反义词impossible"不可能的"符合题意。故填impossible。
（2）考查数词。句意："没问题，"诸葛亮立刻说，"我三天后给你带十万支箭"。根据前文讲述"周瑜要求诸葛亮在十天后制造十万支箭"和下文"On the early morning of the third day（第三天一早）"可知三天后给你带十万支箭，in three days"三天后"。故填three。
（3）考查动词。句意：诸葛亮要求他的士兵在20艘大船上装满许多稻草。根据句意，可知fill sth with sth"用...把...填满"符合句意，ask sb to do sth"要求某人做某事"。故填fill。
（4）考查形容词。句意：第三天一早，他还要求士兵们把船开到河对岸的曹军营地。根据side of the river，可知为the other side of the river，指河的另一边。故填other。
（5）考查动词。句意：当曹操的士兵听到这些声音时，他们以为自己受到了攻击。根据sounds，可知hear"听到"符合句意，根据thought可知时态为一般过去时，hear的过去式为"heard"。故填heard。
（6）考查介词。句意：然而，他们无法透过河上的浓雾看到敌人。根据the thick fog （雾），可知透过浓雾，穿过"through"，指从内部穿过。故填through。
（7）考查名词。句意：曹操命令他的士兵朝着鼓声和喊声射箭。根据前文讲述敲鼓，可知这里指鼓的声音，the sounds of the drums"鼓声"。故填drums。
（8）考查动词。句意：诸葛亮的士兵们把船转过来，喊道："谢谢你的箭，曹操"。根据讲述草船上有了曹操军队射出的箭，可知士兵们把船转过来，转向"turn"，根据文章，可知时态为一般过去时，turn的过去式为"turned"。故填turned。
（9）考查代词。句意：诸葛亮把这些箭都送给了周瑜。根据arrows，可知指这些箭，these"这些"，后跟可数名词复数。故填these。
（10）考查比较级。句意：其中有10万多支箭。根据than，可知为more than"多于"符合句意。故填more。
4． （2022•丹东）
one much when in teach new they foot warm make on history
How many pairs of socks do you own？Socks keep your feet（1） warm and protect them.Socks are a part of everyday life，but how（2） much do you know about socks？
You can learn about socks at the Sock Museum.Some socks on show are produced in（3） one of the earliest sock factories in our country.
The museum（4） teaches people many things about sock knitting （编织）. （5） When people visit the different parts of the museum，they can find out answers to some questions，such as "How are socks（6） made ？" "What are ancient socks like？" "Who wore socks in the past？" Maybe the answers to the questions can help people appreciate （欣赏） socks in a（7） new way.
Besides learning about the（8） history of socks，people can have some fun.There is a DIY classroom（9） in the museum，and they can see hand﹣crank （手摇曲柄的） machines.They can use these machines to make socks by（10） themselves .It must be an exciting and interesting experience!
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：袜子可以保暖并保护你的脚。keep....+形容词，使...保持....，故填warm。
（2）考查副词。句意：袜子是日常生活的一部分，但是你对袜子了解多少呢？how much多少，故填much。
（3）考查数词。句意：展出的一些袜子是我国最早的袜子厂之一生产的。one of+最高级+名词复数，表示最...其中之一，故填one。
（4）考查动词。句意：博物馆教人们许多关于袜子编织的事情。teach教，一般现在时，museum做主语，动词要用第三人称单数，故填teaches。
（5）考查连词。句意：当人们参观博物馆的不同地方时，他们可以找到一些问题的答案。when当...时候，故填When。
（6）考查动词。句意：比如"袜子是怎么做的？be made被制作，故填made。
（7）考查形容词。句意：也许这些问题的答案可以帮助人们以一种新的方式欣赏袜子。new形容词，修饰后面的名词way，故填new。
（8）考查名词。句意：除了了解袜子的历史，人们还可以玩得开心。the history of....的历史，故填history。
（9）考查介词。句意：博物馆里有一个DIY教室，他们可以看到手摇机。in在...里，故填in。
（10）考查代词。句意：他们可以用这些机器自己制作袜子。by oneself靠自己，they要用themselves，故填themselves。
5． （2022•大连）
luckylearnknowmagiclook up
Patrick never did homework. "Too boring，" he said.He played baseball and basketball instead.His teachers told him， "Patrick!Do your homework，or you can't （1） learn a thing." And it's true.Sometimes he did feel like a fool.But what could he do？He hated homework.
One day，Patrick's cat was playing with a little "doll".He found it wasn't a doll at all，but a man of the smallest size.The man called，"Save me!Don't give me back to that cat.I have （2） magic .I will help you if you save me!"
Patrick couldn't believe how （3） lucky he was!Here was the answer to all of his problems.So he said， "Only if you do all my homework till the end of the term.If you do a good enough job，I can even get As."
The little elf（精灵） kicked his legs and rubbed（搓） his hands. "All right.I'll do it."
And true to his words，that little elf began to do Patrick's homework.Sometimes he （4） didn't know what to do and he needed help. "Help me!Help me!" he'd say.And Patrick would have to help—in whatever way.
"What does this word mean？" the elf cried while he was reading Patrick's homework. "Get me a dictionary.No，what's even better， （5） look up the word and explain it to me."
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：做你的家庭作业，否则你什么都学不到。结合句意用动词learn学习，can后加动词原形，故答案为learn。
（2）考查名词。句意：我有魔法。结合句意选择名词magic，故答案为magic。
（3）考查形容词。句意：Patrick简直不敢相信他是多么幸运！结合Here was the answer to all of his problems.（这是他所有问题的答案。）可知是多么幸运的lucky，故答案为lucky。
（4）考查动词。句意：有时他不知道该做什么，需要帮助。结合he needed help可知是不知道做什么，故用否定，结合needed用一般过去时，借助于did，故答案为didn't know。
（5）考查短语。句意：不，更好的是，查一下这个词，给我解释一下。结合the word and explain it to me选择短语look up查找，祈使句动词原形开头，故答案为look up。
6． （2022•大连）
hard classmatedoloudly library
When it came to math，Patrick was out of luck. "What are times tables？" the elf shouted （1） loudly . "We elves never need that.Here，sit down beside me and guide me."
Elves knew nothing of human history.So the little elf，already a shouter，just got louder. "Go to the （2） library ，I need books.More and more books.And you can help me read them，too."
In fact，every day in every way，Patrick was working（3） harder than ever and staying up late.He never felt so tired.
Finally，the last day of school arrived and the elf was free to go.As there was no more homework，he quietly ran out of the back door.
Patrick got his A's，his （4） classmates were amazed，his teachers smiled and were full of praise（赞扬）.And his parents？They wondered what had happened to Patrick.
You see，in the end，Patrick still thought all his homework （5） was done by the tiny man.But I'll share a secret，just between you and me.It wasn't the elf，Patrick did it himself!
【解答】（1）考查副词。句意："乘法表是什么？"小精灵大声喊道。loudly"大声"符合题意，用副词修饰实义动词。故答案为loudly。
（2）考查名词。句意：去图书馆，我需要书。library"图书馆"符合题意，the后跟名词。故答案为library。
（3）考查副词比较级。句意：事实上，每一天，在各个方面，帕特里克都比以前工作得更努力，而且一直熬夜。hard"努力"符合题意，work为实义动词，用副词修饰，根据than判断用比较级。故答案为harder。
（4）考查名词。句意：帕特里克得了A，他的同学都很惊讶，他的老师微笑着，对他赞不绝口。classmate"同学"符合题意，用可数名词复数表示类别。故答案为classmates。
（5）考查被动语态。句意：你看，最后，帕特里克仍然认为他所有的家庭作业都是由那个小人完成的。do"完成"符合题意，一般过去时，判断用被动语态，不可数名词后谓语动词为was done的形式。故答案为was done。
7． （2022•沈阳）阅读短文，然后根据其内容从方框中选出可以填入空白处的短语。
had fun in need raised my spirits so nice your visit
Dear Betty，
I'm writing this letter to express my thanks to you.You helped me a lot when I was （1） in need .
My parents had to work all day，so I felt lonely while in hospital.Before （2） your visit ，I was feeling very low.When you came，everything changed.We（3） had fun together.When I said that I needed some photos of the park near my home，you offered to bring them to me on your next visit.You were （4） so nice .I was able to make a nice painting of the park.I have taken a photo of my painting，and sent it to you with this letter.You really helped me during my illness.You（5） raised my spirits ，and made me feel loved.Thank you so much!
Yours，
Cindy
【解答】考查短语
（1）句意：在我最困难的时候，你帮了我很多。根据helped me a lot（帮助我很多）可知是在我困难的时候帮助我。故填in need。
（2）句意：在你来访之前，我感觉很低落。根据I was feeling very low（我当时情绪很低落）可知在你来访之前，我感觉很低落。故填your visit。
（3）句意：我们一起很开心。根据When you came，everything changed.（你来了，一切都变了）可知，我们一起很开心。故填had fun。
（4）句意：你真好。根据You helped me a lot when I was （1）in need .（在我最困难的时候，你帮了我很多。）可知，此处是指你真好。故填so nice。
（5）句意：你鼓舞了我的精神，让我感受到爱。根据made me feel loved（让我感受到爱）可知，你鼓舞了我的精神，让我感受到爱。故填raised my spirits。
8． （2022•盘锦）
in spirit afford spent period woke summer cost cold successful saw winter
During the Jin Dynasty （266﹣420），there was a child called Che Yin.He was smart and loved to read.He grew up in a poor family and couldn't（1） afford lamp （灯） oil to study at night.One night，he（2） saw fireflies （萤火虫） outside his house and came up with an idea.He caught some fireflies and put them（3） in a cloth （布） bag and hung the bag up as a lamp.It was said that he （4） spent all of his summer nights reading like this.
Another child named Sun Kang lived during the same （5） period .At that time，a lot of people loved reading very much.One night during （6） winter ，Sun used up all of his lamp oil and couldn't study at night.When he suddenly （7） woke up at midnight，he noticed the thick snow reflecting the moonlight.His first thought was "Oh，I can use the reflected light to read!" He still took out his books and read，even if it was very （8） cold .
Both of the kids later became （9） successful government officers.People were touched by their hard﹣working （10） spirit .Their stories inspired （启发） the Chinese idiom（成语） nangying yingxue，or "to read by the light of bagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow".
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：他从小家境贫寒，上晚自习买不起灯油。afford提供，could+动词原形，故填afford。
（2）考查动词。句意：一天晚上，他看到屋外有萤火虫，于是想出了一个主意。see看到，一般过去时态，动词要用过去式，故填saw。
（3）考查介词。句意：他抓了一些萤火虫，把它们放在一个布袋里，然后把布袋挂起来当灯用。put....in放到...里，故填in。
（4）考查动词。句意：据说他所有的夏夜都是这样阅读的。spend doing sth花费时间做某事，一般过去时态，动词要用过去式，故填spent。
（5）考查名词。句意：另一个名叫孙康的孩子生活在同一时期。period时期，the same厚棉常加名词单数，故填period。
（6）考查名词。句意：冬天的一个晚上，孙把灯油用完了，晚上无法学习。winter冬天，故填winter。
（7）考查动词。句意：当他在午夜突然醒来时，他注意到厚厚的积雪反射着月光。wake up醒来，一般过去时态，动词要用过去式，故填woke。
（8）考查形容词。句意：即使天气很冷，他仍然拿出书本阅读。cold冷的，形容词，放在be后作表语，故填cold。
（9）考查形容词。句意：这两个孩子后来都成为了成功的政府官员。successful成功的，形容词，修饰后面的名词officers，故填successful。
（10）考查名词。句意：人们被他们努力工作的精神所感动。spirit精神，不可数名词，故填spirit。
9． （2022•营口）
China return teach family real study one pride that bear
Hello，everyone!I'd like to tell you something about a famous scientist named Qian Xuesen.He was（1） born in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province on December 11，1911.After graduating from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934，he got a chance（2） to study in USA.After he graduated，he became a（3） teacher as well as a researcher who studied rockets and missile （导弹） theories （理论）.
When he was 44，he（4） returned to his motherland and the country's space research was almost a blank.In 1956，he set up the（5） first research institute （研究所） of rockets and missiles in China.He made such important contributions to the missile and space programs（6） that he was honored as "The Father of China's Missiles".The Chinese people are（7） proud of him.
He passed away on October 31，2009 at the age of 98，but all the （8） Chinese will remember him forever.His devotion （忠诚） to China was expressed in his saying，"My career is in China，my success is in China and my destination is in China!" When someone said he could make a lot more money if he stayed in the United States，he laughed and said， "My（9） family name is Qian，but I don't like qian." His spirit （10） really encourages us to love our country and devote ourselves to science.He sets a good example for us.
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：他于1911年12月11日出生在浙江杭州。be born出生，故填born。
（2）考查动词。句意：1934年从上海交通大学毕业后，他有机会去美国学习。get a chance to do sth得到...机会，故填to study。
（3）考查名词。句意：毕业后，他成为了一名教师和一名研究火箭和导弹理论的研究员。teacher教师，a+名词单数，故填teacher。
（4）考查动词。句意：当他44岁的时候，他回到了他的祖国，而这个国家的太空研究几乎是一片空白。return to回到，一般过去时态，动词要用过去式，故填returned。
（5）考查数词。句意：1956年，他建立了中国第一个火箭和导弹研究所。the+序数词，故填first。
（6）考查连词。句意：他对导弹和太空计划做出了如此重要的贡献，以至于被尊称为"中国导弹之父"。so....that如此...以至于，故填that。
（7）考查形容词。句意：中国人民为他感到骄傲。be proud of为...感到自豪，故填proud。
（8）考查名词。句意：但是所有的中国人将永远记住他。chinese中国人，故填Chinese。
（9）考查名词。句意：我姓钱，但我不喜欢钱。family name姓，故填family。
（10）考查副词。句意：他的精神真的鼓励我们热爱我们的国家，献身于科学。really副词，修饰动词encourage，故填really。
10． （2022•朝阳）
daymemoryreturnbutgohourinterest
Many Chinese people these days leave their hometowns to work in the cities.They usually （1） return to their hometowns one or two times a year.Zhong Wei hasn't been back in close to three years.He has worked in a factory in Wenzhou for 13 years.Although it is only about ten（2） hours bus ride，he is just too busy to go back.
People like him are（3） interested in how their hometowns are changing.New buildings are often built by the government.Zhong Wei thinks these changes are good because things need to change in order to become better. （4） But he also thinks some things will never change，and his hometown is still the place that holds all his soft and sweet（5） memories .
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：他们通常一年返回家一两次。主体时态是一般现在时，主语是they，故答案为return。
（2）考查名词。句意：尽管乘公共汽车只有大约10个小时的路程，但是他太忙了不能回去。前面的词语是ten，所以要用复数名词来填空，故答案为hours。
（3）考查形容词。句意：像他一样的人对他们的家乡是如何变化的感兴趣。be interested in固定短语，对...感兴趣，故答案为interested。
（4）考查连词。句意：但是他也认为一些事情永远不会改变，他的家乡仍然是承载着他所有的温馨而甜蜜的记忆。前后句子存在转折关系，故答案为But。
（5）考查名词。句意：但是他也认为一些事情永远不会改变，他的家乡仍然是承载着他所有的温馨而甜蜜的记忆。复数名词表示一类事物故答案为memories。
11． （2022•辽宁）
easy mistake only before suggestion travel cover painful though stone changed nothing
Long long ago，people always walked barefooted（光脚的）.
A king happened to（1） travel far into the countryside.He was greatly troubled because there were lots of broken（2） stones on the road and they hurt his feet seriously.When he returned to his palace，he told his men（3） to cover all the roads with cattle hide（牛皮革）.He hoped walking would no longer be a （4） painful thing.But even if all cattle in the country were killed，there wouldn't be enough hide to get the work done.
They could do（5） nothing but shake their heads.At this time，a clever general in the palace made a（n）（6） suggestion ，"My king，why don't you take an easy way？You don't need to kill so many cattle.You（7） only cover each of your feet with a piece of hide." The king was surprised and pleased，and he （8） changed his mind at once and supported the plan.
This is why people use hide to make shoes.（9） Though it seems strange，it encourages us to think.It is usually （10） easier to change oneself than to change the world.Try to put yourself in the position of the person you deal with.Then when you use another way of thinking，you will find it is not difficult for you to solve the problem.
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：一个国王碰巧到很远的乡村去旅行。happen to do sth.固定短语，碰巧做某事，故答案为travel。
（2）考查名词。句意：他被碎石弄得很困扰。前面的词语是broken，所以要用名词来填空，复数名词表示一类事物。故答案为stones。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：他命令他的人给所有的道路都铺上牛皮。tell sb.to do sth.固定短语，告诉某人做某事，故答案为to cover。
（4）考查形容词。句意：他希望走路不再是一个痛苦的事情。形容词修饰名词，故答案为painful。
（5）考查代词。句意：他们除了摇头之外，什么也做不了。前面的词语是do，所以要用代词来填空，故答案为nothing。
（6）考查名词。句意：宫殿里一个聪明的将军做出了一个决定。make a suggestion固定短语，提出一个建议，故答案为suggestion。
（7）考查副词。句意：你只需要用一块皮革覆盖住你的脚就可以。副词修饰动词，故答案为only。
（8）考查动词。句意：他立刻改变了他的注意。主体时态是一般过去时，故答案为changed。
（9）考查连词。句意：尽管这看起来很奇怪，但是这让我们思考。Though引导让步状语从句，故答案为Though。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：改变某人自己要比改变这个世界更简单一点。后面的词语是than，所以要用形容词比较级来填空，故答案为easier。
一、 语法填空（共1小题）
1． （2022•沈阳）It is believed that the earliest chopsticks were developed over 5，000 years ago in China.In the Spring and Autumn Period，metal（金属） chopsticks appeared.Today（1） we （us） have chopsticks made of different materials（材料）.
In ancient times，the rich（2） usually （usual） used hard green stone or gold chopsticks for showing their wealth.It was said that silver chopsticks would turn black if they touched poisoned（有毒的） food （but we know it was wrong today），so in history many kings used them（3） to see （see） whether the food was bad for them or not.
In China，chopsticks （4） are given （give） to a daughter when she marries to hope that they will have a child very soon，because the word in Chinese is pronounced like "quick child".People often believe chopsticks mean good luck.So on the （5） first （one） day of a new year，many families will put new chopsticks on the table at dinner，wishing good luck.
It's believed that using chopsticks at dinner is very（6） helpful （help） to make your fingers do everything freely.It can improve memory，too.Now many westerners put the knives and forks beside their （7） bowls （bowl） and dishes but choose chopsticks in China.
【解答】（1）考查代词。句意：今天我们有不同材料制成的筷子。根据题干，可知此处是主语，用代词主格。故填we。
（2）考查副词。句意：在古代，富人通常用坚硬的绿色石头或金筷子来显示他们的财富。根据题干，可知此处是副词修饰动词used。故填usually。
（3）考查动词。句意：据说银筷子如果接触有毒的食物就会变黑（但我们现在知道这是不对的），所以在历史上许多国王用它们来判断食物是否对他们有害。根据题干，可知考查use...to do sth使用……做某事。故填to see。
（4）考查动词。句意：在中国，当女儿结婚时，人们会给她一双筷子，希望她们很快能有一个孩子，因为在中文里，筷子的发音像"快孩子"。根据主语chopsticks是动作的承受者，用被动语态。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，用are+过去分词。故填are given。
（5）考查序数词。句意：所以在新年的第一天，许多家庭会在晚餐时把新的筷子放在桌子上，希望好运。根据句意，可知此处是指年年的第一天，用序数词。故填first。
（6）介词形容词。句意：人们认为在晚餐时使用筷子很有帮助，可以让你的手指自由地做任何事情。根据题干，可知考查be helpful to对……有帮助。可知故填helpful。
（7）考查名词。句意：现在许多西方人把刀叉放在碗和盘子旁边，而在中国却选择筷子。根据their，可知此处是指他们的碗，是名词复数形式。故填bowls。
二、 阅读翻译（共4小题）
2． （2022•阜新）Learn to relax.Overwork is the main reason why so many students feel tired. （1）Cut down some of the jobs you need to do each day so that you only do the most important things well.Leave time for activities that are relaxing and fun.This might mean reading a good book，listening to the music，going for a walk or taking a relaxing bath.You will feel very good.
Get a good night's sleep. （2）Getting enough sleep will help you keep your body and mind in the best condition.If you sleep late and need to get up early for school the next day，you can't pay attention to the things you need to do.You also feel tired.
Exercise regularly and eat well.Don't rush through your meals.Eat less junk food or fast food.Eat healthy food instead.Fruits and vegetables are necessary.
（1） 减少一些你每天需要做的工作，这样你就只要把最重要的事情做好。
（2） 获得足够的睡眠将帮助你保持你的身体和精神在最佳状态。
【解答】英译汉题。
（1）Cut down减少；some of the jobs一些工作；you need to do你需要做的；each day每天；so that以便；you你；only只要；do做；the most important things最重要的事情；well好。故填：减少一些你每天需要做的工作，这样你就只要把最重要的事情做好。
（2）Getting获得；enough sleep充足的睡眠；will将；help帮助；you你；keep保持；your body你的身体；and和；mind精神；in the best condition处在最佳状态。故填：获得足够的睡眠将帮助你保持你的身体和精神在最佳状态。
3． （2022•丹东）It is believed that short sightedness （近视） is caused by screen use，watching TV or reading in weak light.Researchers have found something different. （1）They advise children to spend two or three hours playing outside each day.It can reduce children's chance of becoming short﹣sighted.
（2）The research shows that sunlight is good for people's eyes.Playing outside can prevent people from becoming short﹣sighted.A famous researcher，Ian Morgan said， "Humans are naturally long﹣sighted，but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors，the number of short﹣sighted people gets larger."
So be outdoors.It doesn't matter if that time is spent having a picnic or playing sports.
（1） 他们建议孩子们每天花两三个小时在外面玩。
（2） 研究表明，阳光对人的眼睛有好处。
【解答】英译汉题。
（1）这是一个简单句，they他们；advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事，固定搭配；children孩子们；spend some time doing sth.花费一些时间做某事；two or three hours两三个小时；play玩；outside外面；each day每天，固定搭配。故答案为：他们建议孩子们每天花两三个小时在外面玩。
（2）这是一个主从复合句，that引导宾语从句；research研究；show表明；sunlight阳光；be good for对...有好处，固定搭配；people's 人的；eyes眼睛。故答案为：研究表明，阳光对人的眼睛有好处。
4． （2022•营口）We cannot travel every path.Success must be won along one line.
（1）I hate a thing done by halves. If it is right，do it bravely.If it is wrong，leave it undone.The men of history were not perpetually （无休止地） looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size.When they worked，they paid attention to nothing else and insisted on it.They did it so well that people around the world saw them to be great，and they called them great men.
To live with a high ideal （理想） is a successful life.（2）Whatever they do，they always try their best.That makes the man strong.They know that if they do not work with all their efforts，others will overtake （超越） them.
（3）Success depends less and less on luck and chance.Continuous effort is the key to success.
（1） 我讨厌做事半途而废。
（2） 无论他们做什么，他们总是竭尽全力。
（3） 成功越来越不依赖于运气和巧合/机会。
【解答】英译汉题。
（1）I我，hate讨厌，a thing一件事；done by halves半途而废，过去分词短语做定语修饰名词 a thing。故答案为：我讨厌做事半途而废。
（2）该句使用了当whatever，引导让步状语从句，意为"无论什么"；Whatever they do论他们做什么；they他们；always总是；try their best竭尽全力，固定短语 try one's best竭尽全力。故答案为：无论他们做什么，他们总是竭尽全力。
（3）Success成功；depends less and less on 越来越不依赖于；luck and chance运气和机会。定语depend...on表示依赖于。故答案为：成功越来越不依赖于运气和机会。
5． （2022•辽宁）As we know，when the students finish the middle school，they may throw away their textbooks，though most of them are still in good condition.It is really a great waste!
I suggest that we should recycle these books.（1）On the one hand，we can save a lot of materials by recycling them.On the other hand，the students have made plenty of useful notes on the pages，they are very helpful to the following users.
At present，the whole country is calling on us to build a saving society.（2）It is very meaningful to our country.In fact，in other countries，recycling textbooks is also popular.
（1） 一方面，我们可以通过回收利用它们来节约大量原料。
（2） 建设节约型社会对我们国家非常有意义。
【解答】英译汉题。
（1）On the one hand一方面；we我们；can可以；save节约；a lot of很多；materials材料，原料；by通过；recycling回收利用；them它们（指书本）。故填：一方面，我们可以通过回收利用它们来节约大量原料。
（2）It代词，指代"建设节约些社会"；is是；very非常；meaningful有意义的；to对；our country我们的国家。故填：建设节约型社会对我们国家非常有意义。
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