外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读必修第2册Unit 3 On the move课时学案

1. equipment n. 装备，设备，用具

(1)equipment for... 供……用的设备

(2)equip v. 配备，装备

equip... with... 用……装备……

be equipped with... 装备着……

[词块]

basic equipment 基本设备

traffic equipment 交通设施

necessary equipment 必需设备

——单句语法填空

①(牛津词典)We equip students with the skills they will need once they leave college.

②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped (equip) with reflective vests and safety lights.

③(2019·江苏卷)This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment (equip) and Internet facilities.

——句式升级

(普通表达)He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is respected by all his students.

④(高级表达)Equipping himself with much experience in teaching, he is respected by all his students.(现在分词短语作状语)

⑤(高级表达)Equipped with much experience in teaching, he is respected by all his students.(过去分词短语作状语)

2. content n. 满意，满足；内容；目录 adj. 满足的，满意的 v. 使满足

(1)feel/be content with 对……满足/满意

be content to do sth. 满足于做某事

(2)content oneself with (doing) sth. 满足于(做)某事

(3)contentment n. 满意，满足；使人满足的事物

[词块]

food with a high fat content 脂肪含量高的食物

the contents of the bag 包里的东西

a table of contents 目录

——单句语法填空

①Andy is content with the toy. It is the best he has ever got.

②My parents are content to live (live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.

③(2019·天津卷)How much time and money would it cost to replace the contents (content) of that little wallet?

——一句多译

我们不应该使自己仅仅满足于课本知识。

④We shouldn't be content with the knowledge learned from the books.(content adj.)

⑤We shouldn't content ourselves with the knowledge learned from the books.(content v．)

3. defend v. (在比赛中)防守，防卫

(1)defend sb./sth. from/against... 保护某人/某物免遭……，保卫某人/某物抵御……

(2)defence n. 防御；保卫；防御物

in defence of 保卫……；为……辩护

(3)defender n. 捍卫者，保护者；防守队员，后卫

(4)defensive adj. 防御的；防御用的，防御性的

[词块]

defend their views 为他们的观点辩护

defend themselves from/against attacks 保护他们自己免受袭击

——单句语法填空

①The wall was built to defend the road from being washed (wash) away.

②The town walls were built as a defence (defend) against enemy attacks in the past.

——一句多译

有些人认为应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。

③Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves against some attacks.(defend)

④Some think that students should be trained in defence of some attacks.(defence)

4. involve v. 包含，需要；涉及；使参与

(1)involve sb. in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事，使某人牵扯到某事中

involve doing sth. 包括做某事；参与做某事

(2)involved adj. 复杂的；有牵连的，有关的

get/be involved in 被卷入……之中；热衷于……，专心于……

be/get involved with 与……混在一起，和……有密切联系

[词块]

get involved with that crowd 与那群人混在一起

involve western festivals and customs 涉及西方的节日和习俗

——单句语法填空

①(2020·天津卷)All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting involved (involve)．

②(江苏卷)A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved (involve)．

③Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending (spend) quite a lot of time with students.

——句式升级

(普通表达)He is absorbed in preparing for the coming College Entrance Examination, and he has little time for relaxation.

④(高级表达)Involved in preparing for the coming College Entrance Examination, he has little time for relaxation.(用involve的分词形式作状语)

5. persuade v. 说服，劝服

(1)persuade sb. to do sth./into doing sth. 说服某人做某事

persuade sb. not to do sth./out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事

persuade sb. of sth./persuade sb. that... 使某人相信……

try to persuade sb. to do sth. 尽力说服某人做某事

(2)persuasion n. 说服，劝服

(3)persuasive adj. 有说服力的

[词块]

be always easily persuaded 总是很容易被说服

persuade Tom into accepting my idea 说服汤姆接受我的想法

persuade him out of his foolish plan 说服他放弃那项愚蠢的计划

——单句语法填空

①I allowed myself to be persuaded (persuade) into entering the competition.

②He is very stubborn. Seldom can he be persuaded to do (do) whatever he dislikes.

——句式升级

(普通表达)Because they hadn't persuaded Helen to change her mind, her parents had no choice but to allow her to go to China to travel alone.

③(高级表达)Not having persuaded Helen to change her mind, her parents had no choice but to allow her to go to China to travel alone.(分词短语作状语)

6. break down 拆除；(机器)出故障；(身体)垮掉；(谈判、希望、计划等)失败；破裂；(化学)分解；失控；消除；破坏；打破

break in 强行进入；打断(谈话)；插嘴

break into闯入；破门而入

break out 爆发；突然发生

break through 突破；克服；战胜

break up解散；结束；拆散

——写出下列句子中break down的含义

①(2020·天津卷)The “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break down the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.打破

②(陕西卷)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air­conditioning system broke down.(机器)出故障

③(朗文辞典)If Tim carries on working like this, he'll break down sooner or later.(身体)垮掉

④Berry hopes her team's findings might one day help to break down plastics in landfills.分解

⑤(天津卷)The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.消除

⑥He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.失控

——完成句子

⑦Mother broke into my room and told me not to stay up or I would break down．

妈妈闯进我的房间，告诉我不要熬夜了，否则身体会累垮的。

⑧They had fled to America shortly before war broke out in 1939.

1939年战争爆发前不久他们逃到了美国。

7. before 作连词引导时间状语从句

(教材原文)But before I knew it, I was taking part in local races.

但在我知道之前，我参加了当地的比赛。

before作连词引导时间状语从句时，在句中的译法很灵活，通常有以下含义：

(1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前，意为“还没来得及……就……”。

(2)强调动作发生的时间长，意为“过了(多久)才……”。

(3)在“It＋be＋时间段＋before从句”中，意为“……之后才……”。

(4)在“It＋be＋not＋long＋before从句”中，意为“……不久就……”。

[金句](2019·天津卷)A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.

狗的饮食习惯需要有规律的训练才能正确养成。

——单句语法填空

①(2019·天津卷)She left before I could even make it to the door to offer my thanks.

②(北京卷)I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll still be some time before Brian gets back.

——同义句改写

John thinks he will finish his homework before long.

③John thinks it won't be long before he finishes his homework.

【教师用书独具】

8. balance n. 平衡；天平；余额 v. 平衡；权衡

(1)balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B

balance A with B 使A和B平衡

(2)keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡

(3)balanced adj. 均衡的

[词块]

a good sense of balance 良好的平衡感

a balance of about $50，000 in my savings account

我的存款账户里有五万美元左右的余额

balance the budget each year 每年保持预算平衡

——单句语法填空

①You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages.

②People have learnt the importance of keeping a balanced (balance) diet to satisfy their nutritional needs.

——完成句子

③(天津卷)You are working too hard. You'd better keep a balance between work and relaxation．

你太努力工作了，你最好保持工作和休息平衡。

④When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had a bad fall.

小男孩追他哥哥时，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。

用所给词的正确形式填空

1. All the people, men and women, young and old, were fighting against the flood in defence (defend) of their own homes.

2. Greatly inspired (inspire) by the teacher's words, I have made up my mind not to give up my goal.

3. Some scientists have produced powerful (power) arguments against his ideas.

4. Nowadays more and more people have come to realise the importance of a balanced (balance) diet to their health.

5. The exam will involve answering (answer) questions about a kind of animal.

在空白处填入一个适当的词

6. Don't let yourself be persuaded into buying things you don't really want.

7. Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.

8. As a result, these endangered animals may even die out．

9. As a matter of fact, it was a long time before I knew the truth.

10. We're sorry to hear that the peace talk between the two countries broke down with no agreement reached.

查缺补漏

11. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event.

12. It really was a difficult choice, but ultimately (ultimate), I decided I had to give it a shot.

13. The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable (adjust)．

14. He hurried to the train station, only to find (find) the train had left.

15. She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.

【教师用书独具】

单元话题语篇练

Eliud Kipchoge has become the first athlete 1. to run (run) a marathon in less than two hours, 2. beating (beat) the record by 20 seconds. The Kenyan, 34, covered the 26.2 miles in one hour 59 minutes 40 seconds in the Ineos 1：59 Challenge in Vienna, Austria 3. on 12 October. It will not 4. be recognised (recognise) as the official marathon world record because it was not in an open 5. competition (compete) and he used a team of 42 pacemakers (领跑员). “This shows no one is limited，” said Kipchoge. “Now I've done it, and I am expecting 6. more (many) people to do it after me.”

Knowing he was about to make history, the pacemakers dropped back to let Kipchoge pass the line alone. The four­time London Marathon winner 7. hugged (hug) his wife Grace, grabbed 8. a Kenyan flag and was surrounded by his pacemakers, including many of the world's best middle and long­distance runners. Kipchoge's coaches delivered him water and energy food by bike, while 9. normally (normal) the athletes are only permitted to pick refreshments up from a table in official marathons. These aids are not allowed under the rules of the IAAF (国际田联), 10. which is why it will not recognise this achievement as the official marathon world record.

单元话题写作练

1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)

①我认为它既是一项运动又是一项艺术。

I think it is a sport and an art.

②它需要力量和技巧。

It needs power and skills．

③我们打乒乓球时，应该判断球的方向，还应用力作出相应地回击。

When we play table tennis, we should judge the direction of the ball, and in response hit it back with great strength.

④因此，如果你用全力去打，运动后，你最终会很累。

So after one game you will be very tired ultimately if you have tried your best.

⑤尽管我乒乓球打得不是太好，但我仍然愿意参与这项运动。

Though I can't play table tennis very well, I still prefer to get involved in the game.

⑥我认为打乒乓球能够确保增强我们的体质，使我们健康并能训练我们的大脑。

I think playing table tennis can ensure to build up our bodies, keep us healthy and train our brains.

2. 升级平淡句

(1)用not only... but also...及定语从句合并句①②

I think it is not only a sport but also an art, which needs power and skills.

(2)将句③改成状语从句的省略形式

When playing table tennis, we should judge the direction of the ball, and in response hit it back with great strength.

3. 衔接成美文

When I was young, I liked table tennis very much. Still now I like table tennis best of all the sports. I think it is not only a sport but also an art, which needs power and skills.

Some people think that playing table tennis needs little power, but I don't think so. When playing table tennis, we should judge the direction of the ball, and in response hit it back with great strength so that we can win the game. So after one game you will be very tired ultimately if you have tried your best. In the game, you can often find the ball moving quickly, and the players' movements are very beautiful. So I think it more like an art.

Though I can't play table tennis very well, I still prefer to get involved in the game. I think playing table tennis can ensure to build up our bodies, keep us healthy and train our brains.