英语选择性必修 第一册Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction同步达标检测题

这是一份英语选择性必修 第一册Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction同步达标检测题，共8页。

(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is reprted that sme rare ________(物种) have been discvered in this muntain.
2．The number f students in sme rural schls have ________(减少) sharply in recent years.
3．Nbdy but I shuld be t ________(责备)．
4．The sharp nise frm the cnstructin site badly ________(影响) my health.
5．These ________(濒危的) animals shuld be under careful cnservatin.
6．As yu knw, ________(太阳的) energy des n harm t ur planet.
7．The little by tried t ________(孵化) these eggs by putting them under his arms.
8．It will take many years befre the eclgy in this area ________(恢复)．
9．The climate this year is quite ________(异常) frm average years.
10．Yu can see ________(各种各样的) animals and plants in this frest.
【答案】1.species 2.decreased 3.blame 4.affects
5．endangered 6.slar 7.hatch 8.restres
9．unusual 10.varied/varius/different
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His father, knwn ________ a skilled surgen, will cme t give a lecture in ur schl.
2．In the last thirty years, there ________(be) great changes in every walk f life in ur cuntry.
3．The dg barked a whle night, ________ kept me awake all night lng.
4．________ he has failed many times in his experiment, he desn’t want t give up trying.
5．It is quite certain ________ their team will lse the game in the end.
6．Withut the Internet, ur life ________(be) different frm what it is.
7．The number f these ________(endanger) animals is n the increase these years.
8．My hen has ________(lay) twenty eggs this mnth.
9．It is up ________ yu t decide where t have ur dinner party.
10．Ten students were praised at the meeting, ________(include) Li Ming and Wang Fei.
【答案】1.as 2.have been 3.which 4.Thugh/Althugh
5．that 6.wuld be 7.endangered 8.laid 9.t
10．including
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．She can type ________ ________ ________ ________ 60 wrds every minute.
她可以每分钟60词的速度打字。
【答案】at the rate f
2．In the past thirty years, ________ ________ ________ great prgress in many aspects in ur cuntry.
在过去三十年里，我们国家在许多方面都取得了巨大的进步。
【答案】there has been
3．______ ______ quite bvius ________ he is cnfident abut his life in the future.
很显然，他对未来的生活很有信心。
【答案】It is; that
4．Withut air r water, we ________ ________ unable t live.
要是没有水和空气，我们就不能生存。
【答案】wuld be
5．________ ________ ________ ________ t prtect these wild animals.
应当采取措施，保护好这些野生动物。
【答案】Steps/Measures must be taken
题组B 提升练
(建议用时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Press yur fingers int the back f yur head, just abve yur neck. If yu feel a small bny bump(突起), yu may find evidence f human evlutin (进化): it culd be yur bdy respnding t cmmn smartphne use in the 21st century.
Accrding t a recent study published in Scientific Reprts, mre yung peple have bny bumps at the base f their skulls, right abve the neck. Medical prfessinals call them enlarged external ccipital prtuberances (EEOPs, 枕外隆突)．
Australian health scientist David Shahar, the authr f the study, tld the BBC that he’s seen mre and mre patients with EEOPs ver the past ten years. Tgether with ther researchers frm the University f the Sunshine Cast, Australia, they examined 1,200 skull xrays frm peple aged 18—30. They als measured the bumps and nted each persn’s psture. They fund that ne in fur peple had develped these grwths. This led t their thery that smartphnes are the cause.
Accrding t their research, lking dwn at ur phnes adds stress nt the tp f ur spines (脊柱). T prevent damage t ur spines, Shahar believes ur bdies add fresh bny bump t help reduce the extra stress.
Mst f the EEOPs measured just a few millimeters. Hwever, several subjects were fund with EEOPs as large as 30 mm.
In his reprt, Shahar said the results “highlighted the need” fr preventin. In ther wrds, we need t change ur psture while using ur phnes.
Many peple assume ur bnes are slid and unmving nce we reach adulthd. In reality, they are alive and cvered with bld vessels(血管), which allws them t develp in unique ways fr each persn.
Aside frm EEOPs, ther nticeable recent changes in human bdies include shrinking jaws, narrwer elbws and generally smaller skeletns. The human bdy is adapting t mdern life, s wh knws what peple in the future might lk like?
1．What did the recent study find abut EEOPs?
A．They grw n ne’s neck.
B They can lead t many health prblems.
C．They may stp grwing when yu reach 30.
D．They ccur amng mre and mre yung peple.
2．What is the main cause f EEOPs accrding t the researchers?
A．Extra stress. B．Aging bnes.
C．Smartphne use.D．Gene prblems.
3．Which f the fllwing wuld Shahar prbably agree with?
A．EEOPs increase the stress n ur spines.
B．EEOPs are actually beneficial t ur spines.
C．Yung peple’s bnes adapt in similar ways.
D．Yung peple shuld exercise t imprve their psture.
4．What’s the writing purpse f the text?
A．T persuade readers t prtect their spines.
B．T explain why human bdies develp EEOPs.
C．T shw sme recent changes in human bdies.
D．T recmmend sme healthy habits f using phnes.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由于对21世纪普通智能手机的使用，导致了越来越多的年轻人有枕外隆突。
1．D 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Tgether with ther researchers frm the University f the Sunshine Cast, Australia, they examined 1,200 skull xrays frm peple aged 18—30.”和“They fund that ne in fur peple had develped these grwths.”可知，枕外隆突发生在越来越多的年轻人中。故选D项。
2．C 细节理解题。由第三段中的“This led t their thery that smartphnes are the cause.”可知，智能手机的使用是造成枕外隆突的主要原因。故选C项。
3．B 推理判断题。由第四段中的“Accrding t their research, lking dwn at ur phnes adds stress nt the tp f ur spines (脊柱). T prevent damage t ur spines, Shahar believes ur bdies add fresh bny bump t help reduce the extra stress.”可推断出：枕外隆突对我们的脊椎有好处，能够增加新鲜的骨质来帮助减少额外的压力。 Shahar可能会同意这一观点。 故选B项。
4．B 推理判断题。根据第一段“ If yu feel a small bny bump (突起), yu may find evidence f human evlutin (进化): it culd be yur bdy respnding t cmmn smartphne use in the 21st century.”，第二段尾句“Medical prfessinals call them enlarged external ccipital prtuberances (EEOPs, 枕外隆突)．”，第三段讲“枕外隆突产生的原因”，第四段讲“枕外隆突的好处”可知，文章的写作目的是解释人类为什么会形成枕外隆突。故选B项。
阅读加油站
respnd t 响应 tgether with 和；连同
lk dwn at 朝下看；俯视 aside frm… 除……以外
If yu feel a small bny bump(突起), yu may find evidence f human evlutin(进化): it culd be yur bdy respnding t cmmn smartphne use in the 21st century.
如果你感觉到一个小小的骨性肿块，你可能会发现人类进化的证据：它可能是你的身体对21世纪普通智能手机使用的反应。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Fr years, I fllwed the materialistic standards arund me. I thught that withut the purses, shes, and all the ther “__1__” things, I wuld nt be as pretty, smart, r imprtant as thers f my age.
As a freshman (新生) f my high schl, I thught tp scial status culd be gained by ding everything t fit in. S I became a(n) __2__ and bught fake (伪造的) designer purses. I felt ppular and imprtant, and I lved it.
But, my parents culdn’t understand my strng __3__ t be smene just t impress thers. They tried endlessly t cnvince me that I was hurting myself, but I wuldn’t listen. I felt __4__ with this way f my life until ne day I lked at myself in the mirrr and saw smene with makeup and the prduct­filled hair wasn’t me. That persn was __5__.
S I quit cheerleading and __6__ swimming again, smething I had lved fr eight years befre high schl. I als attended my schl’s tp vcal (声乐) perfrmance grup, and __7__ myself whle­heartedly t cmmunity service.
I wrte articles in my schl newspaper that questined the materialistic __8__ f many students at my schl. I started __9__ my limits academically, which I previusly cnsidered less imprtant than imprving my scial status.
I fund a new grup f friends wh __10__ me, unlike my ld friends. I fund I n lnger needed t impress thers materialistically. Starting ver was __11__. My classmates lked at me as if they didn’t knw me.
I am t __12__ the materialistic culture. I am cnfident, talented, and ptimistic. I knw wh I am. I’m mtivated t explre even mre f my __13__ as a student and a member f my cmmunity.
I tk ne f the wrst __14__ in my life but I turned it arund and __15__ smething beautiful－a life that fits me, with meaning and happiness.
1．A.strangeB．necessary
C．cnventinalD．stupid
2．A.assistantB．winner
C．actressD．cheerleader
3．A.prmiseB．refusal
C．desireD．failure
4．A.pleasedB．tired
C．cnfusedD．bred
5．A.happyB．busy
C．attractiveD．sad
6．A.startedB．suggested
C．regrettedD．avided
7．A.frgaveB．admitted
C．devtedD．cllected
8．A.dubtsB．systems
C．refrmsD．behavirs
9．A.pushingB．clarifying
C．finishingD．remembering
10．A.prtectedB．supprted
C．discveredD．blamed
11．A.naturalB．simple
C．hardD．special
12．A.team up withB．make up fr
C．take advantage fD．say gdbye t
13．A.histryB．belief
C．ptentialD．experience
14．A.situatinsB．changes
C．remarksD．decratins
15．A.testedB．created
C．taughtD．affected
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，起初作者追求物质财富，认为外在形象可以帮助树立良好的社会地位。后来她改变了对自己的看法，重新开始游泳，学习声乐课并努力完成社区服务活动，创造了适合自己的美丽的生活。
1．B 考查形容词辨析。strange奇怪的；necessary必要的；cnventinal传统的；stupid愚蠢的。“我”遵循享乐主义的生活标准，所以“我”追求的是物质财富。名牌包和服装对“我”来说都是必需的物品。故选B项。
2．D 考查名词辨析。assistant助手；winner胜利者；actress女演员；cheerleader啦啦队员。根据第四段中“S I quit cheerleading and __6__ swimming again…”可知后来“我”放弃了啦啦队，说明“我”之前是啦啦队员。故选D项。
3．C 考查名词辨析。prmise诺言；refusal拒绝，回绝；desire欲望，目的；failure失败。“我”想通过外在形象给别人留下深刻印象，父母无法理解“我”这样的欲望。和“诺言、拒绝、失败”无关。故选C项。
4．A 考查形容词辨析。pleased高兴的，满意的；tired疲惫的；cnfused困惑的；bred乏味的，无聊的。因为成功融入了新环境，作者对于自身情况很满意。故选A项。
5．D 作者原来对自己很满意，直到有一天她照镜子，看到镜子里的浓妆艳抹的自己，感觉自己成了另外一个人，非常难受，后来放弃了啦啦队，返璞归真。故选D项。
6．A 考查动词辨析。start开始；suggest建议；regret后悔，遗憾；avid避免。句意：意识到自己的变化以后，“我”重新开始游泳，学习声乐课并努力完成社区服务活动。故选A项。
7．C 考查固定搭配。devte…t…致力于……；努力做……；其余三个动词都没有这个搭配。句意同上题。故选C项。
8．D 考查名词辨析。dubt怀疑；system系统；refrm改革；behavir行为。句意：“我”在学校的报纸上写了有关质疑唯物主义的行为的文章。根据前段可知作者对唯物主义的思想产生了怀疑。故选D项。
9．A 考查动词辨析。push推动；clarify澄清；finish完成；remember记得。纠正了之前物质主义的行为以后，“我”开始努力推进自己在学业上的进程，之前“我”认为学习并不重要。故选A项。
10．B 考查动词辨析。prtect保护；supprt支持；discver发现；blame责备。现在“我”有了新朋友，和之前的朋友不一样，他们非常支持“我”。故选B项。
11．C 考查形容词辨析。根据后句可知同学看着“我”好像不认识“我”一样，因为“我”和以前不一样了，对“我”来说重新开始非常困难。故选C项。
12．D 考查动词词组词义辨析。短语team up with与……合作；make up fr弥补；take advantage f利用；say gdbye t和……说再见。作者改变了价值观，和之前的物质主义说再见。故选D项。
13．C 考查名词辨析。名词histry历史；belief观点；ptential潜力；experience经验，经历。现在“我”变得更加自信乐观，愿意挖掘自己的潜力。与“历史、观点、经历”无关。故选C项。
14．A 考查名词辨析。名词situatin情景，情况；change改变，变化；remark评论；decratin装修，装饰。“我”接受了人生中最糟糕的情况，但最终“我”做出了改变，重新回归自“我”。故选A项。
15．B 考查动词辨析。“我”做出了改变，改变了原来的人生观，也创造了适合自己的美丽的生活。故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Tuan was a farmer in Vietnam. Fr decades, he had been struggling t rid his family 1.________ hunger. Hwever, it always cnfused him hw 2.________ (expand) the utput f his crps. This 3.________(disturb) prblem led t his regretting being a farmer. He wuld rather have chsen 4.________jb.
One day, when skimming thrugh a newspaper, Tuan read a cmment n Yuan Lngping. He underlined Yuan’s natinality and ccupatin, and then 5.________(fcus) n his discvery and the statistics f his research. He fund the knwledge Yuan circulated very 6.________(practice). Therefre, he made a summary and began t build up a new farming methd. He planted super grain f rich nutritin and equipped 7.________(he) t keep his crp rts free f bacteria and pests. He als enriched minerals in the sil while 8.________(reduce) chemical fertilizers. Thugh it cst him mre time and 9.________(free), he was full f hpe.
The next year, Tuan was sunburnt but satisfied with 10.________(he) prductin very much. Thanks t Yuan Lngping, he nt nly wn the battle against hunger, but he culd als exprt his crps abrad.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了越南农民Tuan受到袁隆平故事的激励而努力去提高农作物产量。
1．f 考查介词。句意：几十年来，他一直在努力让他的家人摆脱饥饿。rid sb. f固定短语，“使某人摆脱……”。故填f。
2．t expand 考查动词不定式。句意：但是，如何扩大农作物产量这个问题一直困扰着他。此句是“疑问词＋不定式”作主语，根据句意“如何扩大农作物产量这个问题一直困扰着他”可知。故填hw。
3．disturbing 考查现在分词。句意：这个令人烦恼的问题导致他后悔当了一个农民。形容词修饰名词作定语。故填disturbing。
4．anther 考查代词。句意：他宁愿选择另一份工作。anther jb “另一份工作”。故填anther。
5．fcused 考查时态。句意：他在袁隆平的国籍和职业下画了线，然后开始专注于他的发现和他的研究数据。根据“He underlined Yuan’s natinality and ccupatin”的时态，可知谓语动词用一般过去时。故填fcused。
6．practical 考查形容词。句意：他发现袁隆平的知识非常实用。此处形容词作表语。故填practical。
7．himself 考查代词。句意：他种植了营养丰富的超级谷物，并配备了防止作物根部细菌和害虫的设备。本句的主语为he。主语与宾语为同一个人或者事物时，宾语用反身代词，所以此处用反身代词himself作宾语。故填himself。
8．reducing 考查非谓语动词。句意：他还增加了土壤中的矿物质，同时减少了化肥的使用。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，he和reduce在逻辑上是主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填reducing。
9．freedm 考查名词。句意：虽然这让他失去了更多的时间和自由，但是他充满了希望。此空与time 并列，作宾语。故填freedm。
10．his 考查代词。句意：第二年，Tuan虽然晒黑了，但对自己的产品很满意。名词前应用形容性物主代词。故填his。