小学英语句型转换

1、肯定句改否定句的方法 ： 1.在be动词后加not如：is not, are not,am not 2.在can，should， will等后加not如：cannot, should not,will not； 3.上述都没有的，在动词前加助动词否定形式don't/doesn't/didn't 4、 some 改成any 如：I am a girl. → I am not a girl. You are a student. →You are not a student.→You aren’t a student. This is Tom’s bag, → This is not Tom’s bag.→ This isn’t Tom’s bag. 2、肯定句改一般疑问句的方法 1.把be动词放在句首，剩下的照抄（some 改成any，I改成you，my改成your）句点改成问号。 2.把can，shall， will等放到句首，剩下的照抄（some 改成any，I改成you，my改成your）句点改成问号。 3.上述都没有的，在句首请助动词Do/Does/Did帮忙，剩下的照抄，（some 改成any，I改成you，my改成your，）句点改成问号注意：句首的第一个字母要大写，句尾标点应为“？”如：I am in Class 6. →Are you in Class 6?You are from America. →Are you from America?It is an orange. →Is it an orange? 4、 就一般疑问句回答一般疑问句有两种回答，即：肯定回答和否定回答。其中，肯定回答用yes,否定回答用no。  语句顺序为：Yes + 主语 + am /is/ are/was/were.|can.|do/does/did|; No + 主语+ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t 如：—Are you an English teacher?→Yes, I am. /No, I am not.—Is that a bird? →Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t. 3、对划线部分提问 “就划线部分提问”是小学阶段英语学习的难点，但是一旦掌握了规律，就变得容易多了。小学英语对划线部分提问之答题口诀 ： 一代：用正确的疑问词代替划线部分。二移：把疑问词移至句首三倒：颠倒主谓语，但对主语或其定语提问时除外（some 改成any，I改成you，my改成your），四抄：照抄句子剩余部分。 ★特殊疑问词的确定要根据划线内容而定,在小学阶段常出现的有以下几种：1.划线部分是“事或物”，特殊疑问词用what　　如: This is a book.---What is this?　　I often play football on Saturdays .---What do you often do on Saturdays ?　2.划线部分是“人”，特殊疑问词用who　　如:He is my brother. ---Who is he ?　 ３、划线部分是“地点”，特殊疑问词用where　如:The box is on the desk.---Where is the box ?　 ４、划线部分是“时间”，特殊疑问词用what time或when　　如:It's seven twenty . ---What time is it ?　I usually get up at six . --- When do you usually get up?　 ５、划线部分是“年龄”，特殊疑问词用how old　如:I am twelve . ---How old are you?　　My father is thirty-three . ---How old is your father ?　　 ６、划线部分是“职业”，特殊疑问词用what　　如:Mike is a worker. ---What is Mike ?　 ７、划线部分是“颜色”，特殊疑问词用what colour　　如: My hat is blue . ---What colour is your hat？　　 8. 划线部分是“数量”，特殊疑问词用how many或how much　如:I can see five kites .---How many kites can you see ?　　　There is some milk in the glass. ---How much milk is there in the glass ?　９.划线部分是“多少钱”，特殊疑问词用how much　　如:This pen is nine yuan . ---How much is this pen ?　　 10.划线部分是“形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词”，特殊疑问词用whose　　如:That is my book . ---Whose book is that ?　　　The bag is yours. ---Whose is the bag ? 以下口诀要牢记 1．问“谁”用who；2．问“谁的”，用whose；3．问“地点哪里”，用where；4．问“原因”，用why；5．问“身体状况”，用how；6．问“方式”，用how；7．问“年龄”，用how old；8．问“多少”，用how many；9．问"价钱”用how much；10．问“哪一个”，用which ；11．问“什么”，用what；12．问“职业”，用what；13．问“颜色”，用what colour；14．问“星期”，用what day；15．问什么学科，用what subject；16．问“什么时候”，用when;17.问几点用What’s the time?或 What time is it? 语法知识点     英语学习过程中，最难的就是复杂的时态问题和一些英语变化规则，到底什么时候用he,什么时候用his，在树上应该是“on the tree”还是“in the tree”呢？有技巧的复习不仅可以使知识体系更清晰，孩子也可以记得更牢固呢~ 1. 现在进行时 表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作，常与now,listen,look等词连用。 结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing. 如：It is raining now.外面正在下雨。 It is six o’clock now.现在6点了。 My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客厅看报纸。 Look! The children are having a running race now.看！孩子们正在赛跑。 问句将be动词移前，否定句在be动词后+not.2. 一般现在时 表示经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) 等词连用。 结构是主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时，动词后加s或es. 如：We have an English lesson every day.我们每天都要上英语课。 Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快吗？是的。 问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t，后面动词一定要还原。 3. 一般过去时 表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。 结构是主语+be动词的过去式（was; were）或主语+动词的过去式。注意：be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。 如：My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢。 Where were you last week? I was at a camp.你上个星期去哪了？我去野营了。 What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm.你昨天去干嘛了？我去参观农场了。 问句有be动词将be动词移前，没有be动词借助于did，后面动词还原；否定句有be动词在后面加not，没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。 4. 一般将来时 表示将要打算发生的事情或动作，常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等词连用。 结构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。 如：What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.你明天要去干嘛？我要去野餐。 The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。 Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。 问句将be动词或will移前；否定句在be动词或will后加not. 5. 情态动词 情态动词can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may后一定加动词原形。 如：The girl can’t swim, but he can skate.女孩不会游泳，但是会滑冰。 Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.不要在课上说话，你应该认真听老师讲。 6. 祈使句 肯定祈使句以动词原形开头；否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。 如：Open the box for me ,please.请为我打开盒子。 Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛，明天请早点起床！ Don’t walk on the grass!不要在草地上走！ Helen! Don’t climb the tree,please.海伦！不要爬树。 7. 喜欢做某事 用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动原。 如：Su Yang likes growing flowers.苏阳喜欢种花。 The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。 8. 想要做某事 用 would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。 例：I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum我想去参观历史博物馆。 9. some用法 some用于肯定句中，在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用some. 如：Can I have some writing paper?我可以拿一些书写纸吗？ Would you like some orange juice?你想来一些橙汁吗？ 10.代词 人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后。 如：Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。 宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。 形容词性物主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用，分别是my your his her its our your their； 名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词，它只能单独使用后面不好加名词，分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。 11. 介词 介词后要么不加动词，加动词只能加动词ing形式 如：be good at running;do well in jumping; 12. 时间介词 季节前，月份前用介词in; 如：in summer；in March 具体的哪一天如星期几，几月几日用介词on; 如：on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning 在几点钟前用介词at; 如：at a quarter to four; 只在上下午晚上用in; 如：in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜间用at night。另：季节，月份和星期前不好加the. 13. 名词复数构成的方法 规则的有： (1)直接在名词后加s 如orange—oranges; photo—photos; (2) 以x, s, sh, ch结尾的加es 如：box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach--peaches (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es 如：study—studies；library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families; (4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v＋es 如：knife—knives; thief—thieves（注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,） 不规则的有： man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—children 14. 动词第三人称单数的构成 (1)直接在动词后加s 如：run—runs; dance—dances (2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es 如：do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es 如：study—studies; carry—carries; 15. 现在分词的构成 (1)直接在动词后加ing 如：sing—singing; ski—skiing; (2)双写词尾加ing 如：swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running; (3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing 如：ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making; 16. 动词过去式的构成 规则的有： (1)直接在动词后加ed 如：clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played; (2)以e结尾的直接加d 如：dance—danced; taste—tasted; (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed 如：study—studied;carry—carried; (4)双写词尾加ed 如：stop—stopped; jog—jogged; 不规则的有： am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read; 17.形容词副词比较级的构成 规则的有： (1)直接在形容词或副词后加er 如；small—smaller; low—lower; (2)以e结尾的加r 如：late—larer; (3)双写词尾加er 如：big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter; (4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er 如：heavy—heavier; early—earlier; 不规则的有： good, well—better(最高级为best); many, much— more(最高级为most); far—farther或further(最高级farthest或furthest); 18. 比较级 注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。 如：My eyes are bigger than hers.我的眼睛比她大。 Your school bag is heavier than mine. 你的书包比我的重。 My computer is nicer than Nancy’s. 我的电脑好于nancy的电脑。 My brother is stronger than me.我的哥哥比我强壮。 19.have, has用法 表示某人有(has用于第三人称单数)；There is/ are;There was/ were 表示某地存在有 注意There be 句型的就近原则单数或不可数用there is /was;复数用there are/ were. 20. 本身就是复数的词 眼镜glasses; 耳机earphones; 鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数。 如：My glasses were on the chair just now.我的眼镜现在在椅子上。 但如果表示这双，这副，一双的时候用单数如： There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. 盘里有一双筷子。 This pair of earphones is for you.这一副耳机是送给你的。 21. 时间表示法 有两种： (1)直接读时钟和分钟。 如6:10读成 six ten; 7:30读成seven thirty; 8:45读成eight forty-five; (2)用to与past表示。在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点。 如：6:10读成ten past six; 7:30读成half past seven; 过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分； 如7:45读成a quarter to eight; 9:50读成ten to ten; 22. 节日的表示法 有day的节日前用on.没有day的节日前用at； 如：at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Year’s Day. 23. 动词还原的用法 前面用了do, does did, don’t, doesn’t didn’t后面动词要还原。 如：Did she watch TV last night?她昨晚看电视了吗？ Helen doesn’t like taking photos.Helen不喜欢拍照。 24. 长着和穿着 长着什么用with； 如：the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩； 穿着什么用in； 如：the man in black穿黑衣服的男人或：the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女 25. 让某人做某事 用let sb后加动词原形； 如：Let’s water the flowers together.我们一起来浇花吧。 是该做…的时候了用It’s time for+名词或It’s time to +动原； 帮助某人做某事是help sb with sth； 如：帮我学英语是 help me with my English 26. 东西在树上 外来的东西在树上用in the tree； 如：the bird in the tree 树上有一只鸟 树上长的用on the tree； 如：the apples on the tree 树上长着苹果