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宾语从句 课件 中考英语复习人教版
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这是一份宾语从句 课件 中考英语复习人教版，共38页。PPT课件主要包含了宾语是什么，宾语从句，又是什么，到你了，宾语从句三要素，你有什么发现，让日常交流简洁起来等内容，欢迎下载使用。
宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象,常由名词或相当于名词的词担任置于及物动词或介词(动词词组)后。
I knw him.
I enjy playing basketball.Hw is he getting alng with his English?
I am interested in playing pian.I decide t study hard.
I like my teacher.
We knw Spiderman.
是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,并有一个连接词做引导
We knw that Spiderman is a super her.
We Knw Sean Xia.
We Knw that Sean Xia is a ppular idl.
我们知道肖战是一个受欢迎的偶像。
练一练：找出宾语从句和它的引导词
D yu knw wh is the first Chinese astrnaut(宇航员)?Our teacher tld us that the earth ges arund the sun.Please tell me where she has gne.I dn’t knw if he will cme tnight.Let’s find ut what is n tnight .
① 当陈述句充当宾语时(包括肯定句和否定句)，由 连接。
He thinks, “ Lucy likes schl.”
He thinks that Lucy likes schl.
This is a bk, I knw.
I knw that this is a bk.
She says that yu dn’t like singing.
I knw that he wrked last night.
Tell Lucy that they wn’t g hme.
“Yu dn’t like singing.” She says.
They wn’t g hme, tell Lucy.
He wrked last night, I knw.
I’m srry I dn’t knw .We’re sure ur team will win .I’m afraid he wn’t pass the exam .
that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。在主句为动词be加某些形容词(如srry, sure, afraid, glad等)作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句.
that可以省略的情况
练一练: 用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句
1. I knw …2. She says …3. Tell yur friend …
1.She is a like wrked last will g has been t sings well.
例句: I knw that yu like singing.
一般疑问句(改写的陈述句)
②当一般疑问句充当宾语，由 连接。
Des he want t g fr a ride?
1.改为陈述句语气2.用if/whether连接
if / whether
he wants t g fr a ride.
I asked if/whether he wants t g fr a ride?
if/whether在句中的意思是“是否”,常放在动词knw，ask，care，wnder，find ut等之后。在口语中常用if。 whether/if在宾语从句中不作任何成分，但含有“是否”的含义，故在句子中不可省略。
I dn’t knw whether/if this bike is hers. 我不知道这辆自行车是否是她的。 Can yu tell me whether/if yur father jined the Party in 1990? 你能告诉我你父亲是不是1990年入党的？
1.D yu knw …2.I want t knw …
(if/whether)
1. Is he reading ?2. Was she late yesterday?3. Des Tm wrk hard?4. Did yu watch TV ?5. Will they read bks ?6. Can yu sing ?
例句: D yu knw if he is reading? I want t knw whether they will read bks.
he is reading.she was late yesterday. Tm wrks hard.yu watched TV .they will read bks . yu can sing .
只用whether不用if 的三种情况
一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下情况只能用whether：
1. 与r nt连用： He asked me whether r nt I was cming.
2. 在介词之后： It depends n whether it is ging t rain.
3. 在不定式之前： We haven’t decided whether t g there.
4. 作主语只能用whether Whether he will cme is nt decided.
Let me knw whether yu can cme r nt. Let me knw if yu can cme r nt.
If it is true r nt, I can’t tell. Whether it is true r nt, I can’t tell.
I dn’t knw whether t accept r refuse. I dn’t knw if t accept r refuse.
I wrry abut if I hurt her feelings. I wrry abut whether I hurt her feelings.
我想知道这些英雄里你最喜欢哪个？
I wnder which her yu like best?
这些英雄里你最喜欢哪个？
which her d yu like mst?
③当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由 连接。
特殊疑问句变成 连接词就是 本身
What is she ding? Can yu tell me?
Can yu tell me what she is ding?
Where des she live? D yu knw?
D yu knw where she lives?
连接副词引导的宾语从句一般表示疑问，但有时也表示陈述。连接副词在从句中做状语。
I dn’t believe what yu said.我不相信你所说的话。I remember when I lived with my grandparents in the cuntry.我记得我和爷爷奶奶在乡村住过的日子。
(what在此处表示陈述)
(when在此处作时间状语，不表示疑问。)
D yu knw where _________ frm?( she, cme)
is the way
Can yu tell me which _________ t the castle? ( be, way)
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
1. D yu knw …2. I want t knw …3. Can yu tell me …
1. Where des she build the snwman?2. Hw did the by get t the castle?3. Wh will Tm play with?
例句：D yu knw when she gets up?
where she builds the snwman ?
hw the by gt t the castle ?
wh Tm will play with?
① 当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。
I hear (that)
Jim ( be ) a wrker tw years ag.Jim ( be ) an English teacher nw . Jim ( ck ) dinner tmrrw .Jim ( sing )a ppular sng nw.Jim ( be ) t the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese wrds by the end f last semester.
was playing
had learned
②当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。
1) He will g t Hng Kng .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a bk . 4) He has finished his wrk.
1) He t Hng Kng.2) He sick.3) He a bk . 4) He his wrk.
was reading
had finished
从句的时态是根据主句时态来确认的
从 句 时 态
过去完成时had wrked
一般将来时will wrk
过去将来时wuld wrk
现在进行时 is wrking
过去进行时was wrking
现在完成时have wrked
③当宾语从句说明的是 时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用 。
He tld me (that)
Summer is after Spring.
I was tld (that)
the sun is much bigger than the mn.
My parents tld me (that)
n news is gd news.
The teacher tld us (that)
the mn travels rund the earth.
④ 主句谓语动词是think, believe, expect, guess等，表示“认为，相信，期望，猜想“等意思，主句的主语是第一人称，且时态为一般现在时时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上。其反意疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
(改为反意疑问句 ).
I dn’t believe she will take part in the English evening. 我相信她不会参加英语晚会。 I dn’t think it’s yur fault. 我认为这不是你的错。
I dn’t think it’s yur fault, is it?
5.D yu knw hw much ht water?A．Mum is neededB．des Mum needC．Mum needs D．did Mum need6.Can yu tell me?A．where he is B．where is he C．he is where D．what is he7.I want t knw hw lng.A．has he been backB．has he cme backC．he has been backD．he has cme back
陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语
8. I thught he ____t see his mther if he _____time.A．will g…hasB．will g …will haveC．wuld g …wuld haveD．wuld g …had
9.D yu knw＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?A. what the news areB. what is the newsC. what the news is D. what are the news
10. I didn’t knw hw t Lndn?A．wuld they gB．are they gingC．they wuld gD．they are ging
若主句时态是现在时态，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；若主句是过去时态，宾语从句的时态要用过去的某个时态，客观真理除外。
4. D yu knw wh car it is?
3. He tld me that winter was clder than autumn.
2. She knew that Danny is a student.
找出下题的错误并改正。
Culd yu tell me where d they live?
Culd yu tell me where they live.（陈述语序）
She knew that Danny was a student（时态的呼应性原则）
He tld me that winter is clder than autumn. （时态的特殊性原则）
D yu knw whse car it is? （根据语意，应为“谁的”，故为whse）
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用 ，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。
Helen says that she will learn French next year. D yu knw where he cmes frm? He asked me if I culd get t the bus statin n time.
宾语从句与简单句的转换
I dn’t knw where I shuld g.
I dn’t knw where t g.
Tell me hw I can d it.
Tell me hw t d it.
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
可以转换成疑问词 + t d 的简单句
1.I dn’t knw what I shall d didn’t decide which bk he wuld buy.
I dn’t knw _________________next .
Jhn didn’t decide______________________.
which bk t buy
1.Can yu tell me hw t get t the bus stp ?2.Please tell Lucy hw t use the MP5 .
Can yu tell me ___________________the bus stp ?
Can yu tell Lucy ___________________ the MP5.
hw I can get t
hw she can use
if／whether（一般疑问句 ）
特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)
主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态
宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
客观真理 自然现象公式定理 名言警句 时态不变
一.结构1. 当陈述句作宾语从句时, 结构: 主句+that + 主语 +谓语部分2. 当一般疑问句作宾语从句时, 结构: 主句+ if(whether) +主语 +谓语部分3. 当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时, 结构: 主句+特殊疑问词+主语 +谓语部分
主句 一般现在时 一般过去时(特殊)任何时态
从句 时态不变 时态相应变化一般现在时
1. D yu knw __________________? A. where des she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents wanted t knw what he ______at that time. A. is ding B. was ding C. has dne D. will d3. - We dn’t knw ______. - It is said that he was brn in Canada. A what he is B. when he was brn C. where he cmes frm D. if he lives here4. Lily’s mther lked fr her fr half an hur, but culd nt find ________? A. what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily
3.He desn’t knw that when she can cme back.
2.Father tld me the sun always rse in the east.
1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late fr schl.
Miss Zhang asked me why I was late fr schl.
Father tld me the sun always rises in the east.
He desn’t knw when she can cme back.
宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象,常由名词或相当于名词的词担任置于及物动词或介词(动词词组)后。
I knw him.
I enjy playing basketball.Hw is he getting alng with his English?
I am interested in playing pian.I decide t study hard.
I like my teacher.
We knw Spiderman.
是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,并有一个连接词做引导
We knw that Spiderman is a super her.
We Knw Sean Xia.
We Knw that Sean Xia is a ppular idl.
我们知道肖战是一个受欢迎的偶像。
练一练：找出宾语从句和它的引导词
D yu knw wh is the first Chinese astrnaut(宇航员)?Our teacher tld us that the earth ges arund the sun.Please tell me where she has gne.I dn’t knw if he will cme tnight.Let’s find ut what is n tnight .
① 当陈述句充当宾语时(包括肯定句和否定句)，由 连接。
He thinks, “ Lucy likes schl.”
He thinks that Lucy likes schl.
This is a bk, I knw.
I knw that this is a bk.
She says that yu dn’t like singing.
I knw that he wrked last night.
Tell Lucy that they wn’t g hme.
“Yu dn’t like singing.” She says.
They wn’t g hme, tell Lucy.
He wrked last night, I knw.
I’m srry I dn’t knw .We’re sure ur team will win .I’m afraid he wn’t pass the exam .
that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。在主句为动词be加某些形容词(如srry, sure, afraid, glad等)作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句.
that可以省略的情况
练一练: 用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句
1. I knw …2. She says …3. Tell yur friend …
1.She is a like wrked last will g has been t sings well.
例句: I knw that yu like singing.
一般疑问句(改写的陈述句)
②当一般疑问句充当宾语，由 连接。
Des he want t g fr a ride?
1.改为陈述句语气2.用if/whether连接
if / whether
he wants t g fr a ride.
I asked if/whether he wants t g fr a ride?
if/whether在句中的意思是“是否”,常放在动词knw，ask，care，wnder，find ut等之后。在口语中常用if。 whether/if在宾语从句中不作任何成分，但含有“是否”的含义，故在句子中不可省略。
I dn’t knw whether/if this bike is hers. 我不知道这辆自行车是否是她的。 Can yu tell me whether/if yur father jined the Party in 1990? 你能告诉我你父亲是不是1990年入党的？
1.D yu knw …2.I want t knw …
(if/whether)
1. Is he reading ?2. Was she late yesterday?3. Des Tm wrk hard?4. Did yu watch TV ?5. Will they read bks ?6. Can yu sing ?
例句: D yu knw if he is reading? I want t knw whether they will read bks.
he is reading.she was late yesterday. Tm wrks hard.yu watched TV .they will read bks . yu can sing .
只用whether不用if 的三种情况
一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下情况只能用whether：
1. 与r nt连用： He asked me whether r nt I was cming.
2. 在介词之后： It depends n whether it is ging t rain.
3. 在不定式之前： We haven’t decided whether t g there.
4. 作主语只能用whether Whether he will cme is nt decided.
Let me knw whether yu can cme r nt. Let me knw if yu can cme r nt.
If it is true r nt, I can’t tell. Whether it is true r nt, I can’t tell.
I dn’t knw whether t accept r refuse. I dn’t knw if t accept r refuse.
I wrry abut if I hurt her feelings. I wrry abut whether I hurt her feelings.
我想知道这些英雄里你最喜欢哪个？
I wnder which her yu like best?
这些英雄里你最喜欢哪个？
which her d yu like mst?
③当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由 连接。
特殊疑问句变成 连接词就是 本身
What is she ding? Can yu tell me?
Can yu tell me what she is ding?
Where des she live? D yu knw?
D yu knw where she lives?
连接副词引导的宾语从句一般表示疑问，但有时也表示陈述。连接副词在从句中做状语。
I dn’t believe what yu said.我不相信你所说的话。I remember when I lived with my grandparents in the cuntry.我记得我和爷爷奶奶在乡村住过的日子。
(what在此处表示陈述)
(when在此处作时间状语，不表示疑问。)
D yu knw where _________ frm?( she, cme)
is the way
Can yu tell me which _________ t the castle? ( be, way)
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
1. D yu knw …2. I want t knw …3. Can yu tell me …
1. Where des she build the snwman?2. Hw did the by get t the castle?3. Wh will Tm play with?
例句：D yu knw when she gets up?
where she builds the snwman ?
hw the by gt t the castle ?
wh Tm will play with?
① 当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。
I hear (that)
Jim ( be ) a wrker tw years ag.Jim ( be ) an English teacher nw . Jim ( ck ) dinner tmrrw .Jim ( sing )a ppular sng nw.Jim ( be ) t the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese wrds by the end f last semester.
was playing
had learned
②当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。
1) He will g t Hng Kng .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a bk . 4) He has finished his wrk.
1) He t Hng Kng.2) He sick.3) He a bk . 4) He his wrk.
was reading
had finished
从句的时态是根据主句时态来确认的
从 句 时 态
过去完成时had wrked
一般将来时will wrk
过去将来时wuld wrk
现在进行时 is wrking
过去进行时was wrking
现在完成时have wrked
③当宾语从句说明的是 时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用 。
He tld me (that)
Summer is after Spring.
I was tld (that)
the sun is much bigger than the mn.
My parents tld me (that)
n news is gd news.
The teacher tld us (that)
the mn travels rund the earth.
④ 主句谓语动词是think, believe, expect, guess等，表示“认为，相信，期望，猜想“等意思，主句的主语是第一人称，且时态为一般现在时时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上。其反意疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
(改为反意疑问句 ).
I dn’t believe she will take part in the English evening. 我相信她不会参加英语晚会。 I dn’t think it’s yur fault. 我认为这不是你的错。
I dn’t think it’s yur fault, is it?
5.D yu knw hw much ht water?A．Mum is neededB．des Mum needC．Mum needs D．did Mum need6.Can yu tell me?A．where he is B．where is he C．he is where D．what is he7.I want t knw hw lng.A．has he been backB．has he cme backC．he has been backD．he has cme back
陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语
8. I thught he ____t see his mther if he _____time.A．will g…hasB．will g …will haveC．wuld g …wuld haveD．wuld g …had
9.D yu knw＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?A. what the news areB. what is the newsC. what the news is D. what are the news
10. I didn’t knw hw t Lndn?A．wuld they gB．are they gingC．they wuld gD．they are ging
若主句时态是现在时态，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；若主句是过去时态，宾语从句的时态要用过去的某个时态，客观真理除外。
4. D yu knw wh car it is?
3. He tld me that winter was clder than autumn.
2. She knew that Danny is a student.
找出下题的错误并改正。
Culd yu tell me where d they live?
Culd yu tell me where they live.（陈述语序）
She knew that Danny was a student（时态的呼应性原则）
He tld me that winter is clder than autumn. （时态的特殊性原则）
D yu knw whse car it is? （根据语意，应为“谁的”，故为whse）
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用 ，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。
Helen says that she will learn French next year. D yu knw where he cmes frm? He asked me if I culd get t the bus statin n time.
宾语从句与简单句的转换
I dn’t knw where I shuld g.
I dn’t knw where t g.
Tell me hw I can d it.
Tell me hw t d it.
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
可以转换成疑问词 + t d 的简单句
1.I dn’t knw what I shall d didn’t decide which bk he wuld buy.
I dn’t knw _________________next .
Jhn didn’t decide______________________.
which bk t buy
1.Can yu tell me hw t get t the bus stp ?2.Please tell Lucy hw t use the MP5 .
Can yu tell me ___________________the bus stp ?
Can yu tell Lucy ___________________ the MP5.
hw I can get t
hw she can use
if／whether（一般疑问句 ）
特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)
主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态
宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
客观真理 自然现象公式定理 名言警句 时态不变
一.结构1. 当陈述句作宾语从句时, 结构: 主句+that + 主语 +谓语部分2. 当一般疑问句作宾语从句时, 结构: 主句+ if(whether) +主语 +谓语部分3. 当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时, 结构: 主句+特殊疑问词+主语 +谓语部分
主句 一般现在时 一般过去时(特殊)任何时态
从句 时态不变 时态相应变化一般现在时
1. D yu knw __________________? A. where des she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents wanted t knw what he ______at that time. A. is ding B. was ding C. has dne D. will d3. - We dn’t knw ______. - It is said that he was brn in Canada. A what he is B. when he was brn C. where he cmes frm D. if he lives here4. Lily’s mther lked fr her fr half an hur, but culd nt find ________? A. what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily
3.He desn’t knw that when she can cme back.
2.Father tld me the sun always rse in the east.
1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late fr schl.
Miss Zhang asked me why I was late fr schl.
Father tld me the sun always rises in the east.
He desn’t knw when she can cme back.
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