湖南省岳阳市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-04语篇翻译&短文填空

湖南省岳阳市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编

04语篇翻译&短文填空

一、语篇翻译

（2022·湖南岳阳）阅读下面的短文，将文中的划线部分译成汉语或英语。

Different Chinese festivals have their own special foods. Dumplings, mooncakes, zongzi and sweet dumplings(汤圆) are the most popular.

※Zongzi 1. Zongzi is the typical food of the Dragon Boat Festival. On that day, people often make zongzi by hand. They put pork, red dates (红枣), beans into sticky rice(糯米). There are boat races in Miluo River every year. Some old people put zongzi in Miluo River to honor the ancient poet(诗人)—Qu Yuan.

※Mooncakes 2.月饼是满月的形状。On the Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon rises in the sky, mooncakes and fruits are laid out in the garden. All the family sit around a table, admire the bright and round moon, enjoy mooncakes, listen to the traditional folk stories and pray(祈祷) for family’s happiness and peace.

※Dumplings Dumplings are China’s traditional food and local snacks. They look like gold or silver ingots(锭). They can be boiled, steamed(蒸) and pan-fried(煎)。It’s a traditional custom that family members make and eat dumplings on the Spring Festival. People always hide a coin in one of the dumplings. 3.吃到有硬币的饺子的人是一个幸运儿。

※Sweet dumplings Sweet dumplings are a must-have on the Lantern Festival. We always make sweet dumplings good-looking, just like small balls which give us a big smile. We usually eat sweet dumplings and guess lantern riddles(谜语) on this festival. 4. Most of us like sweet dumplings because they remind people of many soft and sweet memories.

No matter how far away they are from home, the food is like a bridge between family members. The taste of food means the taste of home. 5. Chinese get a strong feeling, there is “no place like home.”

1．________________________________

2．________________________________

3．________________________________

4．________________________________

5．________________________________

（2021·湖南岳阳）阅读下面的短文，将文中的画线部分译成汉语或英语。

Yuan Longping,“Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻之父)’’，died at the age of 91 in Changsha on May 22nd, 2021. 1. People were completely shocked when they heard the news. A lot of people hurried to Changsha to express their condolences(哀悼）over his death. As the car with Yuan’s body was moving down the street, people on both sides of the road cried and shouted his name to the car.

Many old people still remember clearly that they didn’t have enough food to eat in the early 1960s. Yuan made up his mind to keep all the Chinese people away from hunger（饥饿)。 He and his team began the research on the hybrid rice in 1964. 2.你无法想象成功的路有多难。They failed many times but didn’ give up. In 1974, Yuan and his team developed the world’s first hybrid rice successfully. This great achievement helped solve the problem of feeding all the Chinese people. 3. However, he and his team continued the research and improved the hybrid rice. He once said he had two dreams— “to enjoy the cool under the rice crops(庄稼）taller than me” and “that the hybrid rice could be grown all over the world.” Now, the hybrid rice has been brought to more than 100 countries such as the United States, Japan, Brazil and so on.

4.Yuan has made a big difference to the lives of Chinese people. Without doubt, Yuan Longping is a real superhero. Behind all his great scientific achievements are his spirits of never stopping trying his best, always challenging himself and his love for his country and the people all over the world. 5.我们都以他为傲并应该向他学习。

6．________

7．________

8．________

9．________

10．________

（2020·湖南岳阳）

Last month, we did a survey about the ways of transportation in Sunshine Community. Here are the results.

The most popular choices are cars and buses. Twenty-five percent of residents (居民) choose cars while thirty percent choose boses. Most office staffs go to work by car. (1)In their opinion, cars are not only fast but also comfortable. The survey mentions that buses are mainly chosen by students in Sunshine Community. As for everyone in our city, there are about 42 bus lines running from 6:30 a. m. to 10:30 p. m.

We found that twenty-five percent prefer to go outside by bike or on foot. (2) Going out by bike are nothing and it is healthy for residents’ body. (3) 老人们习惯在小区附近购买日常用品，so they would like to go to the local market on foot.

The other twenty percent choose motorbikes and taxis, Motorbikes may be dangerous, but some sell think travelling by motorbike is the best way to avoid traffic jams(堵塞) in rush hours. Speaking of taxis, those residents without private cars are willing to take a taxi when they are in a hurry.

(4)With the development of transportation in Yueyang, people can get here and there, more easily. However, some residents said they still met plenty of traffic problems in their daily life. (5) 为了解决这些问题，他们希望岳阳有朝一日会有地铁。 Do you like this convenient way of transportation?

11．________________________________________________________________

12．________________________________________________________________

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二、短文汉语提示填空

（2020·湖南岳阳）

Road-side business has become a hot topic recently. Premier （总理）Li Keqiang once said that road-side business can reflect common people’s life lively.

Last weekend, 5 college students decided to taste the trade pattern and difficulties of life outside school ___16___ selling vegetables on the side of the road together.

In the morning, they had to __17___ up at 3 o’clock. First, they went to the farm near the city to buy different __18___ of vegetables. To reduce （减少） the cost, they learn to bargain （讲价） with the farmers. Then they went back to the city as soon as __19___ to take up a street stall（摊位）.At about 6：30 a.m. after putting vegetables in order and nicer ones on top, they began to_____20_____ vegetables. They peddled （吆喝）loudly and actively to attract customers. When the vegetables were not sold out, they gave them _21____ to homeless people. Two days ____22____ , they earned （挣得） about 300 yuan.

After this unusual experience, they shared their feelings with each _____23_____ . “We were tired, ____24____   we gained a lot. Compared with hanging out, such social practice makes us learn ____25_____ difficult it is to make money.” said Wang Wen, who came up with this idea.

（2022·湖南岳阳）根据短文内容，在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。

How does the tea plant grow? This term, some students got their answers in the school’s rooftop(屋顶) garden. Many schools have built small gardens on their teaching building’s rooftop. Some students planted tea plants there. While taking _26___ of tea plants, they also did experiments to learn more about tea.

How to __27___ egg soup and sandwiches? Some students learned to cook in an after-school cooking club. To parents’ _28__, their kids could cook some simple dishes in a short time.

In the past, Chinese children were sometimes busier after school _29___ they had to take so many after-school classes. Now, students join all kinds of clubs. Why do students have free time to ___30___ up their hobbies? Because China has introduced the “double reduction” policy(双减政策). It hopes to ease(减轻) students’ learning burden(负担) _31__ reducing homework and after-school classes.

Students’ lives have changed a lot since the policy was carried out. On the one hand, their homework is clearly __32___ than before, they aren’t encouraged to buy workbooks(练习册) any more. Teenagers have more chances to get knowledge from the real life. This is a much better way than just hitting the books. On the other hand, students spend more time __33___ after-school clubs. They get lots of life skills from these colorful clubs and have enough time to relax and think for __34___. It’s believed _35___ the “double reduction” policy makes a difference to students’ lives.

（2021·湖南岳阳）根据短文内容，在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。

No one can live without sleep. Experts believe that sleep is ____36____ food and water. Good health needs good sleep. Scientists have found that people who sleep for less than 6 hours and a half at night are more often ill than people __37____ sleep for 8 hours.

How ____38____ hours do you sleep every night? Most students have less than 8 hours of sleep every night. Some teachers complain that a few students feel sleepy or even fall asleep in class. These students can ___39____ concentrate(集中注意力）on their study.

Why are so many students short (缺少）of sleep? Recently, a reporter did a survey in No. 21 Middle School. The result shows that there are two main ____40____ about this problem. One is that students have too much homework at night. Some students have to ____41____ up late to finish their homework till 11:00 p.m. The ___42____ reason is about the use of Internet. Some students are crazy about playing games on the phones.

Many parents worry about this problem. The Ministry of Education （教育部）has paid more attention ____43____ this problem and required that students in primary schools should ___44____ at least 10 hours a day, 9 hours for junior high and 8 hours for senior high. Schools are expected to give less homework to students ____45____ that they can have more time to sleep.

参考答案：

1．粽子是端午节的典型食物。

2．Mooncakes are in the shape of a full moon.

3．The person who eats dumplings with coins is a lucky person.

4．我们大多数人喜欢吃汤圆，因为它们能让人想起许多温柔而甜蜜的回忆。

5．中国人有一种强烈的感觉，“没有一个地方比家好”。

【解析】

【导语】

本文主要介绍了不同的中国节日的独特食物：端午节的粽子、中秋节的月饼、春节的饺子和元宵节的汤圆。

1． Zongzi“粽子”； the typical food of“……的典型食物”；the Dragon Boat Festival“端午节”。故填：粽子是端午节的典型食物。

2．根据汉语可知，时态是一般现在时；“月饼”mooncakes，作主语，谓语动词用复数；“是”are；“……的形状”in the shape of；“满月”a full moon。故填Mooncakes are in the shape of a full moon.

3．根据汉语可知，时态是一般现在时；“吃到有硬币的饺子的人”The person who eats dumplings with coins；“一个幸运儿” a lucky person。故填The person who eats dumplings with coins is a lucky person.

4．Most of us“我们大多数人”；like“喜欢”；sweet dumplings“汤圆”；because“因为”；they“它们”；remind people of many soft and sweet memories“让人想起许多温柔而甜蜜的回忆”。根据汉语表达习惯，故填：我们大多数人喜欢吃汤圆，因为它们能让人想起许多温柔而甜蜜的回忆。

5． Chinese“中国人”；get a strong feeling“有一种强烈的感觉”；there is “no place like home.”“没有一个地方比家好”。根据汉语表达习惯，故填：中国人有一种强烈的感觉，“没有一个地方比家好”。

6．人们听到这个消息时都惊呆了。

7．You can’t imagine how difficult the road to success is.

8．然而，他和他的团队继续研究并改良了杂交水稻。

9．袁隆平对中国人民的生活产生了巨大的影响。

10．We are all proud of him and should learn from him.

【解析】

【分析】

本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平的去世让人们感到很难过，并重点介绍了他和团队研究出来的杂交水稻对国家和人们的帮助和贡献。

6．people“人们”；be shocked“被惊呆了”；completely“完全地”；when“当……时”；hear“听到”；the news“这个消息”，故填：人们听到这个消息时都惊呆了。

7．can’t“不能”，情态动词后接动词原形；imagine“想象”；how“多么”，引导宾语从句；difficult“困难的”；the road to success“成功的路”，从句要用陈述语序，故填You can’t imagine how difficult the road to success is.

8．however“然而”；he and his team“他和他的团队”；continue the research“继续这项研究”；improve“改良”；the hybrid rice“杂交水稻”，故填：然而，他和他的团队继续研究并改良了杂交水稻。

9．make a big difference to“对……产生大的影响”；the lives of Chinese people“中国人民的生活”，故填：袁隆平对中国人民的生活产生了巨大的影响。

10．be proud of sb“以……为傲”；should“应该”，情态动词后接动词原形；learn from sb“向某人学习”，故填We are all proud of him and should learn from him.

11．在他们看来，轿车不但快而且舒服。

12．骑自行车外出没什么，而且它对居民的身体来说是有利于健康的。

13．The old are used to buying daily things near the neighborhood.

14．随着岳阳交通的发展，人们能更容易到各个地方。

15．To solve the problems，they hope there will be subways one day.

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了在阳光社区做关于交通方式的研究调查的结果。

11．划线的句子“In their opinion, cars are not only fast but also comfortable”是陈述句。In their opinion表示“在他们看来”，句子的主语是cars轿车；are是；句子用not only…but also…连接两个形容词，表示“不但快而且舒服”。故答案为在他们看来，轿车不但快而且舒服。

12．划线的句子“Going out by bike are nothing and it is healthy for residents’ body”是and连接的两个句子的并列。动名词“Going out by bike”做主语表示“骑自行车外出”，“are nothing”表示“没什么”； it指代的是“Going out by bike”，healthy表示“健康的”，“for residents’ body”对居民的身体来说。故答案为骑自行车外出没什么，而且它对居民的身体来说是有利于健康的。

13．划线的句子“老人们习惯在小区附近购买日常用品”是陈述句，主语是“老人们”用the old;动词是“习惯于”用are used to doing；宾语是“购买日常用品”用buying daily things,地点状语“在小区附近”用near the neighborhood。故答案为The old are used to buying daily things near the neighborhood.

14．划线的句子“With the development of transportation in Yueyang, people can get here and there, more easily”是陈述句。伴随状语“with the development of transportation in Yueyang”表示随着岳阳交通的发展。句子的主语是people人们；谓语动词是can get here and there表示“能到各个地方”，副词修饰“more easily”表示“更容易地”。故答案为随着岳阳交通的发展，人们能更容易到各个地方。

15．划线的句子“为了解决这些问题，他们希望岳阳有朝一日会有地铁”是陈述句。“为了解决这些问题”是目的状语，用动词不定式to solve the problems;主语是they；谓语动词是hope;“会有地铁”用there will be subways;时间状语“有一天”用one day。故答案为To solve the problems，they hope there will be subways one day.

16．by

17．get

18．kinds

19．possible

20．sell

21．away

22．later

23．other

24．but

25．how

【解析】

【分析】

最近，路边生意成为了一个热门话题。文章中五个大学生决定体验一下这种地摊生意模式，他们一起去路边摆摊卖菜。通过这个不寻常的经历，他们懂得了生活的不易。

16．句意：上周末，5名大学生决定一起在路边卖菜，体验一下这种生意模式和生活的艰辛。

空后selling是动名词形式，结合句意可知，这5名大学生决定通过卖菜这种方式来体验路边生意。by是介词，意为“通过……方式”，符合语意，后面跟名词或动名词形式。故答案为by。

17．句意：早上，他们必须在3点钟起床。

根据句中提到的时间at 3 o’clock以及空后的up可知，这里考查的是get up这一短语，意为“起床”。空前had to意为“不得不，必须”，后面跟动词原形。故答案为get。

18．句意：首先，他们去城市附近的农场买各种蔬菜。

根据常识可知，一个摊位上总是卖很多种蔬菜，因此这里考查的是kind，意为“种类”。空前有different修饰，表示“不同的”，这里应用名词的复数形式。故答案为kinds。

19．句意：然后他们尽快回到城里，占领一个摊位。

根据句意和句子结构可知，这里考查的是短语as…as possible，意为“尽可能……”，故答案为possible。

20．句意：大约在早上6点半，他们把蔬菜摆放整齐，把更好的放在上面，然后开始卖蔬菜。

根据上文“Last weekend, 5 college students decided to taste the trade pattern and difficulties of life outside school   ___1___   selling vegetables on the side of the road together.”可知，这些大学生是在路边卖菜，因此摆放好了之后就开始卖菜了。这里考查sell，是一个动词，意为“卖”。句中使用了句型begin to do sth.“开始做某事”，因此这里用动词的原形。故答案为sell。

21．句意：当蔬菜没有卖完的时候，他们就把它们都送给无家可归的人。

give away捐赠，赠送。根据homeless people可知，这5名大学生非常有爱心，把卖不了的蔬菜捐赠给那些无家可归的人，故答案为away。

22．句意：两天后，他们挣了大约300元。

空前Two days是一段时间，结合句意可知，这里表示“两天后”，考查later，是一个副词，常放在一段时间的后面。故答案为later。

23．句意：在这段不寻常的经历之后，他们彼此分享了自己的感受。

根据句意和空前的each可知，这里考查each other，意为“互相，彼此”，符合语境。故答案为other。

24．句意：“我们很累，但我们收获很多。”

根据句意可知，空前的tired与空后gained a lot是转折的关系，因此这里考查的是but，是一个连词，意为“但是”，表示转折。故答案为but。

25．句意：与闲逛相比，这样的社会实践让我们了解到赚钱是多么的困难。

根据句中子结构可知，该空引导了一个宾语从句，作空前learn的宾语；空后difficult是形容词，因此应用how修饰，意为“多么”。故答案为how。

26．care

27．make

28．surprise

29．because

30．take

31．by

32．less

33．joining

34．themselves

35．that

【解析】

【导语】

本文主要讲述了“双减政策”之后，孩子们课外生活和学习生活的变化。

26．句意：在照顾茶树的同时，他们也做实验来了解更多关于茶的知识。根据“Some students planted tea plants there.”可知，照顾植物，take care of“照顾”；故填care。

27．句意：怎样做鸡蛋汤和三明治？根据“egg soup and sandwiches”可知，制作鸡蛋汤和三明治；结合How to do，需要动词原形；故填make。

28．句意：令父母惊讶的是，他们的孩子可以在短时间内做一些简单的菜。根据“their kids could cook some simple dishes in a short time”可知，孩子们短时间内学会了简单的菜，父母很惊讶，to one’s surprise“令人惊讶的是”；故填surprise。

29．句意：在过去，中国的孩子放学后有时更忙，因为他们要参加很多课外班。根据“they had to take so many after-school classes”可知，此句是前句的原因，because符合句意；故填because。

30．句意：为什么学生有空闲时间从事他们的爱好？take up“从事（某一种兴趣爱好）”，结合have time to do，需要动词原形；故填take。

31．句意：它希望通过减少家庭作业和课外课程来减轻学生的学习负担。根据“reducing homework and after-school classes”可知，通过减少家庭作业和课外班来减轻负担，by“通过”符合句意；故填by。

32．句意：一方面，他们的作业明显比以前少了。根据“than before”可知，作业比之前少，less“更少”符合句意；故填less。

33．句意：另一方面，学生花更多的时间参加课外俱乐部。根据“after-school clubs”可知，参加课外俱乐部，结合spend sth doing sth，需要动名词，joining符合句意；故填joining。

34．句意：他们从这些丰富多彩的俱乐部获得了很多生活技能，有足够的时间放松和独立思考。根据“have enough time to relax and think”可知，有时间独立思考，主语是they，其反身代词是themselves；故填themselves。

35．句意：据说，“双减”政策对学生的生活产生了影响。分析句子结构可知，是主语从句，需要that作引导词，故填that。

36．like

37．who

38．many

39．not##hardly

40．reasons

41．stay

42．other

43．to

44．sleep

45．so

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文，讨论目前青少年的睡眠时间不够等问题。

36．句意：专家认为，睡眠就像食物和水。根据“No one can live without sleep.”可知，睡眠像食物和水一样重要，be like“像”，故填like。

37．句意：科学家发现，晚上睡眠少于6个半小时的人比睡眠8个小时的人更容易生病。本句是定语从句，先行词是people指人，引导词在从句中作主语，故填who。

38．句意：你每晚睡几个小时？根据“Most students have less than 8 hours of sleep every night.”可知，此处对数量提问，hours是可数名词复数，how many多少，故填many。

39．句意：这些学生不能集中精力学习。根据“Some teachers complain that a few students feel sleepy or even fall asleep in class.”可知，学生不能集中，用not/hardly表示否定，故填not/hardly。

40．句意：结果表明，造成这一问题的主要原因有两个。根据“Why are so many students short (缺少）of sleep?”可知，此处表示“原因”，可用reason表示，此前有two修饰，使用名词复数，故填reasons。

41．句意：有些学生不得不熬夜直到晚上11点才完成作业。stay up late“熬夜很晚”，用于have to do sth短语中，使用动词原形，故填stay。

42．句意：另一个原因是关于互联网的使用。根据“The result shows that there are two main…”可知，是两个原因，one…the other…“一个……另一个……”，故填other。

43．句意：教育部已经对这个问题给予了更多的关注，要求小学生每天至少睡10小时，初中9小时，高中8小时。pay attention to“关注，注意”，故填to。

44．句意：教育部已经对这个问题给予了更多的关注，要求小学生每天至少睡10小时，初中生9小时，高中生8小时。根据“students in primary schools should…at least 10 hours a day”可知，此处表示“睡觉”，可用sleep表示，should后加动词原形，故填sleep。

45．句意：学校希望给学生少布置作业，这样他们就可以有更多的时间睡觉。“they can have more time to sleep”是目的，so that“以便，为了”，故填so。