专题02+选词填空++冲刺2022年中考英语热点题型考前押题(上海专用)

专题02 选词填空  

冲刺2022年中考英语必考题型终极押题

A

Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once.

Do you like Chinese operas? Among all ____1____ Chinese operas, the facial mask（脸谱）in Peking Opera is popular around the world. Different colors are used to show different ____2____ , but at first, only three colors were used: red, white and black. Here are the meanings of them.Red is ____3____ used to show that a role is honest and loyal. An example of “red full face” is Guan Yu, ____4____ for his loyalty to Liu Bei. So many people like using the example of Guan Yu to educate their children. Besides, many roles use red and black to show they’re very brave and honest.

The role with the white face is bad in human ____5____. This kind of roles includes Cao Cao in the time of the Three Kingdoms, and Qin Hui, who put the national hero Yue Fei to death. So far, he has ____6____ been looked down upon by thousands of Chinese. However, Yue Fei will live in our inner heart forever!The black mask shows either a rude and brave person or a fair and selfless one. Li Kui of Water Margin is of this kind.

Later, other colours are gradually added to them, such as yellow ____7____ bravery, blue for someone of great personality.

Now some schools are teaching Peking Opera. It is a good way to study and spread our traditional ____8____.

B

Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once (将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)

Like most people, you likely have problems in your life that you need to solve. Maybe you struggle every year to ____9____ a birthday gift for your dad. Maybe you try your best to get to school on time but still arrive late. And since these matters are ____10____, it can be hard to be objective (客观的) about them. But what if you step back and think like a scientist? You might be surprised at the solutions you come up with. The Deming Cycle

In 1939 Walter A．Shew-hart wrote a book about using the scientific ____11____ in business. He challenged the idea that progress in creating useful things looks like a straight line. He argued that businesses should be improving their ____12____ constantly (不断地). He used a circle, or cycle, to represent (代表) this. His student W. Edwards Deming turned Shew-hart’s thoughts into a four-step cycle. This became the PDSA Cycle — Plan, Do, Study and Act — that is used by many people today.

1.Plan

Think about your problem and form a hypothesis (假设) for how to solve it. Let’s say you want to get to school on time. Usually you take the bus. But today, you get up late. So you decide to ask your mom to take you on her motorbike ____13____.

2. Do

Now it’s time to put your plan to the test. This is also the time when you start to gather data. Be sure to ____14____ of important details such as the time you arrive at school.

3. Study

Consider the ____15____ of your experiment. Did you get to school on time? What other factors are there to account for? Maybe riding with your mom was faster but it rained, so you got wet.

4. Act

Now you put your changes into action and try your new hypothesis again. Perhaps you determine that it’s faster to ride with your mom. But you need to take a rain jacket.

Keep ____16____ the cycle so that you can constantly improve.

C

We’re hearing a lot these days about something called AI, or artificial intelligence. Put simply, AI is intelligence that is displayed by machines. In the beginning of computer technology, machines were   ___17___ quite stupid. They could only do what people told them to do, and computers didn’t have the   ___18___ to do anything complex. Slowly, that began to change. In 1989, two AI programs, HiTech and Deep Thought, showed advanced problem-solving skills after they   ___19___ human masters in the game of chess. It was then that people began to see the true potential (潜能) of AI.

Today, AI can be used at work in our factories, online, and in our daily lives. Siri, the iPhone’s digital assistant, is a good example. Users can say almost anything to Siri and get a surprisingly humanlike   ___20___.

There are other intelligent personal assistants, like Google Assistant, which is an app that works with smart devices in your home. When it is given commands, it will connect to your other devices, allowing users to ___21___ their home appliances remotely.

In late 2017, the world was ___22___ when Sophia, a human-like robot, made the news again. Developed by Hong Kong’s Hanson Robotics, she was designed to work with humans and adapt to their behavior. She was interviewed by the press and was even givenSaudi Arabian citizenship. And more ___23___, Sophia spoke at Brain Bar, which describes itself as “The Biggest European Festival of the future”. It is clear from the video that Sophia continues to improve and update. The robot even says that “just a few months ago, I couldn’t tell a dog’s face from a human’s face, but now I can. It’s already saved me from a few embarrassing ___24___.”

D

Card games have been around for a long, long time. And, like many things, they were first ____25____ in China! The first known card game dates back to the 9th century during the Tang Dynasty. Playing cards were first seen in Europe in the 14th century. These days, card games are enjoyed all around the world. Many different ____26____ of cards have been created. These are used to play countless kinds of games.Card games continue to be very popular for several reasons. Unlike most electronic games, they bring people face to face. They allow people to enjoy being together with ____27____ as they play. Card games can be played anytime, anywhere. They need no special equipment or electricity and they needn’t be ____28____ to the internet. Cards need very little space, and starting a game is easy and simple. Best of all, they allow friendly and fun competition.

Most people, young or old, can enjoy card games. There are even ____29____ playing cards for blind people. Among the large number of different card games, there’s something for everybody. According to Ranker. com, the most popular game of all is Uno. This is a kind of game known as a shedding game. In these games, players try to get rid of all their cards. Young children can ____30____ play Uno, but keen players are found at all ages.Other very popular card games include Gin Rummy, Hearts and Go Fish. These are simple games. The harder games are to play, the fewer players they will attract. Some games. like Bridge, ____31____ a lot of skills and very careful concentration. Many books have been written about how to win at Bridge! This game isn’t for ____32____. But whatever one’s interest or skill level, there is a suitable card game to enjoy. So let’s deal the cards!

E

The secret to protecting our environment might just be hidden in your teacher’s coffee cup! Whether it’s a wake-up cup or an afternoon cup in a coffee shop, at times it seems that the ___33___ world runs on coffee! This creates a lot of waste. After they’ve been used to make the coffee, the grounds often get thrown away. As it rots (腐烂), it ___34___ a greenhouse gas.Two Scottish businessmen think they have a ___35___. Their company is developing a way to recycle this waste into an oil which could replace palm oil. Palm oil is used in many different foods and ___36___. It’s made from the fruit of palm trees and is thought to be efficient. This means that it’s quite easy to make a lot of palm oil quickly.

However, many people believe it is ___37___ for the deforestation of the rainforest, as large areas are being burnt to create ___38___ for these palm trees. This is destroying the habitat of many endangered animals, such as the orangutans and tigers.The two businessmen hope ___39___ they will be able to collect waste coffee grounds from cafes and restaurants and extract the oil from them to use instead of palm oil. The business could even win a prize! It’s been put forward as part of a competition for business ideas to improve the world. Other ideas competing for the prize ___40___ a plan to make plastic biodegradable (可生物降解的) and new technology to help care for bees.