专题04+阅读理解之议论文— 中考英语考前必做全国名校最新试题（4-5月刊）

这是一份专题04+阅读理解之议论文— 中考英语考前必做全国名校最新试题（4-5月刊），共14页。
This is n rdinary buttn. One click and I have the pwer t erase a persn frm my life.
In late fall, I had arund 400 friends n Facebk. Tday, I have 134.
Click. Make that 133.
When Facebk first entered my life in 2005, I panicked（恐慌、担心） that my friend cunt was t lw. If I wasn’t prperly cnnected, hw wuld anyne see my clever qute(引语) ?Wh wuld wish me a happy birthday? I accepted and sent ut friend requests withut a secnd thught and sn accumulated 391 friends.
There is an appeal t being able t cmmunicate with smene r just “thumbs(拨动手指) up” a pht rather than make real cnversatin.
“It’s cmfrting and it’s easy,” said Larry Rsen, a psychlgy prfessr at Califrnia State University, wh studies the way peple cmmunicate nline.“There’s a sense f belnging in it. It’s a sense f cmmunity in a generatin where cmmunity has srt f (有点)disappeared.”
Hwever, I dn’t talk t half f these peple in the nline cmmunity. There are sme I wuld avid if I met them n the street.
Click. 132.
I decided t rid my accunt f any “friend” that…well, wasn’t. Sund easy Yu try it.
Lk at wh yu’re dealing with: family, friends, classmates, crushes(爱恋的对象), acquaintances…
With every click f the “Remve frm friends” buttn, yu risk burning a bridge, lsing a cntact and missing an pprtunity. S every time I g t click the buttn, my heart hurts.
Hwever, I’m nt the nly ne wh has experienced a Facebk friend refreshing. The New Oxfrd American Dictinary annunces its “Wrd f the Year” each year, and last year, “unfriend” made the cut (入围) (thugh I’ll still stick with “defriend”).
When I started my missin(任务), a few friends jined. Mst were surprised by hw easily they culd cut hundreds f cnnectins withut thinking twice.
“Oh my Gd, I defriended like 600 peple tday. I feel s gd!” my friend Sarah messaged.
Dana, a clse friend frm high schl, and I battled it ut t see wh culd get ur cunts lwer. She wins at 123.
T sme, it’s pr “netiquette(网络礼仪)” t defriend. But t me, it’s the stage f life when we hld nt the peple wh cunt, the peple wh impact yu.
1．Accrding t the article, what happens when yu click the “Remve frm friends” buttn?
A．A message is sent ut t yur nline friends.B．Yu accept smene as yur nline friend.
C．The number f yur nline friends is cut dwn.D．Yu send ut a friend invitatin t peple.
2．The writer wrried abut her friend cunt in 2005 because .
A．n ne wuld wish her a happy birthdayB．it was the first time she had made friends nline
C．she had nly 391 nline friends at that timeD．she was lking frward t making cnnectins
3．What is Larry Rsen’s pinin?
A．Peple living in the same area are clsely cnnected in everyday life.
B．Cmmunicatin nline helps peple feel they are members f a grup.
C．It’s easy fr peple t make and break new friendships nline.
D．Tday’s yung peple spend nearly all their time cmmunicating nline.
4．Which f the fllwing is the best descriptin f the underlined sentence?
A．I made new friends nline while l remved sme ld nes.
B．Sme friends cut the number f their nline friends just like I did.
C．We cmpeted t see wh culd remve the mst nline friends.
D．When smene remved me frm a friend’s list,I remved him/her.
Passage2
（2022·辽宁沈阳·一模）We feel angry r guilty (内疚的) abut the things we did r did nt achieve, abut the things we cannt have, and many ther things. It seems that everyne carries their wn bad emtins. But neither guilt nr anger can help us. Over time, they can be heavy weights n ur shulders.
These bad emtins dn’t d anything gd fr us at all. S yu might ask yurself—is it pssible t put dwn this heavy burden and give yurself a break? It is quite pssible. Start by actually lking at yur feelings. Hw d they get inside f us? Why d we carry them fr s lng instead f putting them dwn? Can we live withut them?
After thinking abut ur bad emtins, we can find healthy ways t deal with them. Unhealthy behavirs are nt the way t d this. They prvide n help. Instead, there are better ways t deal with them. One f the best ways is frgiveness (原谅).
Frgiveness is a pwerful tl. We shuld frgive urselves first. We shuldn’t keep bad emtins inside. We must als frgive thers wh have made us guilty r angry. This is nt always easy. But when we learn t frgive urselves, it becmes easier t frgive thers as well.
There is nthing gd abut carrying years f emtinal burdens. By frgiving urselves and thers, we can abandn ur burdens and feel better abut urselves. The mment yu d this, yu will start t feel a lt lighter. Years f heaviness will be magically gne! Yu’ll start t feel like yu have mre energy and yu’ll be much happier with yur life.
5．What is the first step t remve the burden f bad emtins?
A．Asking thers sme questinsB．Studying yur emtins
C．Trying t live withut themD．Finding ways t deal with them
6．What is ne way t get away frm bad emtins?
A．Keeping bad emtins insideB．Frgetting the past
C．Frgiving urselves and thersD．Finding gd emtins t replace them
7．What des the underlined wrd “abandn” in the last paragraph mean?
A．lk awayB．carry nC．stay withD．give up
8．Which is the best title f the text?
A．Put dwn burdens, be happier with lifeB．Lk at yur emtins, be energetic
C．Better cmmunicatin, mre friendsD．Stay with yur emtins
Passage3
（2022·浙江杭州·一模）In a mdern wrld where time is mney, hw have ur reading habits been influenced? Are we reading mre quickly r d we prefer t read shrt passages? The answer perhaps lies in the kind f text yu’re reading.
When we’re reading nline, we read quickly t search what we want. Des this mean that as readers we nw have far less patience than we used t? Nt necessarily. Much f this activity is actually skimming r scanning t check whether smething is useful r interesting and whether we want t read n. We’ll slwdwn and take a bit lnger t prperly read the text if the headline catches ur eyes.
Fr thse writing fr an nline envirnment, this means finding mre useful ways f catching the readers’ eyes. Fr example, putting the key infrmatin at the very beginning makes it mre likely that the time-pr website visitrs will find what they want.
But what abut when we’re reading literature(文学), are the rules still the same? The average reader wrks their way thrugh a piece f an article at n mre than abut 250-300 wrds per minute, which is generally a page f text. If yu try t read thrugh a nvel mre quickly, then yu start t lse a lt f what makes literature such a pleasure. When we read fr pleasure, we are much less fcused n picking ut useful infrmatin r key wrds. Instead, the language itself is as imprtant as the infrmatin mentined. The lnger yu spend reading a passage, the mre vivid(生动)a picture yu create in yur mind.
Smetimes an escape(逃离)frm the fast-mving Internet Age is just what we need, s maybe it’s time t slw dwn and lse yurself in a gd bk.
9．Why d peple read quickly nline accrding t the text?
A．Because peple are becming less patient than they used t.
B．Because peple think the passages n the Internet are bring.
C．Because they need t save time fr printing what they want.
D．Because peple want t decide whether t read n quickly.
10．Hw des the writer rganize Paragraph 3?
A．By giving an example.B．By asking questins.C．By listing numbers.D．By shwing facts.
11．What wuld the writer mst prbably like t d?
A．Draw sme pictures n the bk.B．Enjy himself while reading slwly.
C．Write an article f 250-300 wrds.D．Read thrugh a nvel very quickly.
12．Which f the fllwing best shws the structure f the text?(P=Paragraph)
A．B．C．D．
Passage4
（2022·山东·日照市新营中学一模）What makes us wh we are? This questin has tw different answers. One is the envirnment that surrunds us when we grw up and the ther is ur genes（基因）. In English this is called the “nature vs nurture debate（辩论）”. Nature means genes and nurture means envirnment including the peple arund yu.
There is a famus saying: “Give me a child until the age f 7 and I’ll shw yu the man.” Nw there is a scientific research t supprt this famus saying.
They watched small birds in new envirnments and wrte dwn hw much they explred（探索）. Birds that grew up with very utging birds were mre utging themselves. Scientists at the universities f Exeter UK and Hamburg Germany did studies n birds. They fund that their persnalities（个性） were affected mst by the birds arund them when they grew up—mre s than genes.
Nick Ryle frm the University f Exeter in the UK said the research was surprising because it shws that “fr these birds persnality is mainly determined（决定） by envirnment.” Hwever human persnalities are a lt mre cmplicated than birds s there is much we still dn’t knw. The nature vs nurture debate will cntinue fr a lng time if nt frever.
13．The famus saying in the passage tells us ________.
A．a 7-year-ld children dn’t knw muchB．the nurturing perid plays a part in ne’s life
C．hw t raise a child in a gd wayD．nature makes us wh are
14．Nick Ryle is a(n) ________ scientist.
A．AmericanB．BritishC．GermanD．Chinese
15．What des the underlined wrd “cmplicated” mean?
A．有趣的B．类似的C．复杂的
16．Which is NOT TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The envirnment and genes affect ur persnality.
B．The scientists are sure that the envirnment influences the human persnality mre than the genes d.
C．The nurture means the envirnment.
Passage5
（2022·湖北·老河口市教学研究室一模）Lilian: We lack(缺乏)understanding in life, s it’s likely that we may have difficulty understanding the deeper meanings under the surface f the classics. But this shuldn’t be a reasn t give up reading classics.
Harry: Classics are the treasures ur ancestrs left us. We have the duty t read them and pass them dwn thrugh the generatins. Famus bks can develp students’ cultural literacy(素养)and make them interested in culture.
Linda: Withut backgrund and life experience, students can’t resnate(与…共鸣)with writers. While reading, sme students mainly pay attentin t wrds and expressins withut carefully reflecting n them. Fr this reasn, reading classics might be a waste f time.
Dale: Fr ne thing, nt all classics are suitable fr all students, as there are many cmplex(复杂的)expressins and deep ideas. Fr anther, sme classics have unique(独特的)writing styles, but they may be t difficult fr students t understand. If students are asked t read these classics, they prbably wn’t be able t understand them.
17．What des Harry think f famus bks?
A．They develp students’ cultural literacy.
B．They imprve students’ grades.
C．They can change students’ persnalities.
D．They help students learn abut duties.
18．Linda thinks reading classics might be a waste f time because _________.
A．the writers lived in different cuntries
B．students prefer t read abut life experiences
C．students may pay t much attentin t vcabulary and expressin
D．mst f the ideas in the classics are just misunderstandings f the wrld
19．What is the discussin mainly abut?
A．Why students shuldn’t give up reading classics.
B．Whether students shuld read classics.
C．Why nt all classics are suitable fr all students.
D．Hw schls shuld help students develp cultural literacy.
Passage6
（2022·江苏·苏州高新区实验初级中学一模）I have a questin fr all f us. Is all winning success? Winning is really, really fun. But I am here t share my views n what a real success is.
All arund the wrld, we have created the win-at-all-cst cultures. As a sciety, we hnr the champins. We cheer fr thse peple wh win champinships, electins and awards. Winning at all csts has becme acceptable. We have becme s fcused n that end result instead f the prcess, and particularly when the end result is a win, usually hw we gt there ften gets swept under the prverbial rug.
We need t redefine (重新定义) success. Real success is develping champins in life fr ur wrld, win r
lse. We may be able t plan ur way t a win, but we can’t plan ur way t success.
Back t 1990, when I was first made the head cach f the UCLA Wmen’s Gymnastics Team, the best I culd d was what ther “successful” caches had dne. S, I became tugh-talking and mean. I acted like a head cach whse nly thught was t figure ut hw t win.
After putting up with me fr a few years, ur team asked me fr a team meeting. And fr ver tw hurs, they gave me examples f hw my arrgance ( 傲 慢 ) was hurtful. That was my time-ut, and I chse t change. I realized that I needed t supprt ur student athletes as whle human beings, nt just athletes wh wn.
It is s much easier t give rders than t actually figure ut hw t mtivate (激励) smene t be better. And the mtivatin takes a really lng time t take rt. The key ingredient was t develp trust thrugh patience and hnesty.
Let’s think abut what yu are talking with yur parents n the car ride hme. Are they fcusing n the end result? Are yu excited t use that time t shw yu are a winner? All f yu care t much abut the end result instead f yur steps f learning.
We are all caches in sme ways. We all have the respnsibility t develp champins in life fr ur wrld.
That is what real success lks like, and that is what we call a win-win.
20．The underlined phrase “gets swept under the prverbial rug” prbably means “________”.
A．catches little attentinB．des sme harm
C．shws the resultD．decides the success
21．The writer mentins his experience as the head cach t shw________.
A．it’s difficult t teach athletes hw t win
B．hw his team wn thse champinships
C．why his team asked him fr a meeting
D．mtivating thers matters mre than giving rders
22．Which f the fllwing is a real success accrding t the writer?
A．A kid wh shws the medals and prizes he wn t his parents.
B．A player wh tries t win a gld medal at the cst f his health.
C．A cach wh respects his members even thugh the team didn’t win.
D．A parent wh keeps asking abut the grades his kid gets in the exams.
Passage7
（2022·北京门头沟·一模）We ften cnfuse happiness with getting what we want, realizing ur dreams and reaching ur gals. We think we will be very happy the day we have this r that because it is what we lng fr with all ur strength.
Fr thse f yu wh think yu’ll be happy in the future, I’d like t ask, what abut the present? That is, yu’re nt living tmrrw because that will be cming in 24 hurs. Yu are nt breathing in the past because it happened yesterday r even befre that. Hwever, if yu live in the present, enjying the little yu have, yu will feel yur life is much fuller and happier.
In mdern sciety the idea f happiness is deeply related t what yu wn. We believe that having things will make us happier. The mre mney, r gds, r children, r mre space at hme yu wn, hwever, des nt make us happy.
In fact, happiness is related t being, nt having. The mre yu get frm life, the happier and the better yu can be as a persn. It is smething that des nt cme frm mney, but frm lve and understanding.
Yu are nt happier by getting mre, but by being the best yu can be. That is, if yu fcus (聚焦) everything yu d in life n being the persn yu want t be, by bringing ut the best in yurself and behaving as yur heart tells yu, yu will find yur path in life t be much brighter and happier.
There is a famus saying that ges “the persn wh has mre is nt the happiest, but is the ne wh needs the least.” If yur life is fcusedn getting wealth and becming mre pwerful every day, right nw I can make sure that yu will never find happiness. The mre yu get, the mre yu want. Yu are never really satisfied with what yu have.
Lve is a great cntributin t happiness. Have yu nticed that when yu’re in lve it seems like yu’re unable t tuch the grund? Yu feel that everything is pssible, yu dn’t need anything, and that everything is beautiful, nice and wnderful.
Are yu willing t find happiness? Well, stp searching fr mney, and begin with the peple wh are next t yu and lve yu. Just by being yurself and enjying the prcess yu will achieve what yu lng fr.
23．What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．We shuld wrk harder fr a bright future.
B．We shuld nt frget what happened in the past.
C．We shuld live in the present and enjythe little we have.
D．We will be fuller and happier if we get what we need.
24．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．If we are in lve, we need nthing.
B．Weshuld ntbe satisfied with what we have.
C．If we have lve and understanding, we will be happy.
D．Happiness cmes frm the wealth and pwer we have.
25．What is the writer’s pinin n happiness?
A．The mre yu want, the happier yu will be.
B．If yu realize yur dreams, yu will be happy.
C．Becming mre pwerful every day makes yu happy.
D．Being yurself and enjying what yu have makes yu happy.
Passage8
（2022·河南南阳·一模）Here is a stry. A man sees a butterfly (蝴蝶). The butterfly tries t get ut f its chrysalis (蛹、茧). Feeling srry fr it, the man decides t help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly cmes easily. Surprisingly enugh, the butterfly is unable t fly. If the butterfly desn’t struggle (挣扎) t leave the chrysalis, it can’t fly! The struggle develps the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges f life bring ut the best in yung peple and make them fly.
When peple are yung, meeting and vercming challenges will make them strng and try t face life. When we lk at successful peple, we see that the mst successful f them are peple wh have had t struggle. One famus businessman, wh nw wns many big supermarkets, used t carry clthes n his back and sell them frm dr t dr when he was yung. Anther successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was nly twenty. His father’s death frced him t mature fast. He had t bring up a family f nine peple. He tk up the challenges and vercame them. Tday his brthers and sisters are leading successful lives.
Smetimes challenges d nt appear t us because we keep away frm them. S sme parents and teachers actively encurage yung peple t face challenges. They might rganize activities fr yung peple which prvide them with challenges, like rck-climbing camping, vlunteer wrk and s n. Hwever, just passing exams will nt prepare a persn fr life. We must meet and vercme challenges. The yung peple f tday will becme the leaders f tmrrw. Fr cuntries t cntinue t becme successful, it is imprtant that the yung peple learn t meet challenges and vercme them.
26．Frm the stry we knw that the butterfly can’t fly because ________.
A．it gets ut by itselfB．the man feels srry fr it
C．the man helps it cme utD．It desn’t want t fly
27．Dennis’s example shws that successful peple shuld ________.
A．vercme the difficultiesB．sell clthes frm dr t dr
C．becme the leaders f tmrrwD．wn many supermarkets
28．The meaning f the underlined wrd “mature” in the passage is “________”.
A．wake upB．give upC．grw upD．get up
29．What is the writer trying t d in this passage?
A．Describe where a butterfly cmes frm.
B．Encurage yung peple t face challenges.
C．Suggest hw t becme a successful businessman.
D．smetimes challenges d nt appear t us because we keep away frm them.
30．What is the best title fr this passage?
A．Successful Peple Have a Sense f Achievement
B．Yung Peple Must Develp Their Energy Actively
C．Challenges f Life Bring Out the Best in Yung Peple
D．Butterfly can’t fly
【答案】
1．C2．D3．B4．B
【解析】本文主要讨论了减少Facebk上朋友数量的问题。
1．细节理解题。根据原文“Click. Make that 133.…Click. 132.”可知这是一个减少朋友数量的按钮。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据原文“If I wasn’t prperly cnnected, …I accepted and sent ut friend requests withut a secnd thught and sn accumulated 391 friends.”可知，作者期待与别人建立联系。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据原文“There’s a sense f belnging in it. It’s a sense f cmmunity in a generatin where cmmunity has srt f disappeared.”可知，在社区基本消失的一代人中网上交流能让他们有一种群体归属感。故选B。
4．词句猜测题。根据原文“Mst were surprised by hw easily they culd cut hundreds f cnnectins withut thinking twice.”可知，很多人惊讶于他们能够毫不犹豫地切断与数百人的联系，所以是有一些朋友像我一样删除了网友。故选B。
5．B6．C7．D8．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲摆脱坏情绪很重要，通过原谅自己和他人能让我们活得更开心。
5．细节理解题。根据“Start by actually lking at yur feelings. Hw d they get inside f us? Why d we carry them fr s lng instead f putting them dwn? Can we live withut them?”可知摆脱坏情绪第一步是研究坏情绪，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“One f the best ways is frgiveness (原谅).”可知原谅是一个摆脱坏情绪的方式之一。故选C。
7．词义猜测题。根据“By frgiving urselves and thers, we can abandn ur burdens and feel better abut urselves.”可知通过原谅我们自己和他人，我们可以减少我们的负担并感觉更好，“burden”表示“负担”，可与之搭配的是“give up放弃”。故选D。
8．标题归纳题。本文主要讲摆脱坏情绪，开心的活着，因此A项“放下负担，更快乐的生活”符合标题。故选A。
9．D10．A11．B12．C
【解析】本文主要讲述了在互联网快速发展的时代，有时候我们需要慢下来认真读一本书。
9．细节理解题。根据“When we’re reading nline, we read quickly t search what we want. Much f this activity is actually skimming r scanning t check whether smething is useful r interesting and whether we want t read n.”可知，人们在网上快速阅读的原因是想要找到自己想要读的内容，来决定是否要快速阅读。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据“Fr example, putting the key infrmatin at the very beginning makes it mre likely that the time-pr website visitrs will find what they want.”可知，第三段主要是通过举例子的方式阐述的。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据“s maybe it’s time t slw dwn and lse yurself in a gd bk.”可推知，作者可能更喜欢慢下来沉浸读一本书。故选B。
12．篇章结构题。第一段提出在时间就是金钱的时代，阅读习惯是怎样受影响的；第二、三段是关于快速阅读的原因以及网上的作者针对快速阅读需要找到吸引读者的方法；第四段讲述阅读文学作品需要慢读来享受读书的乐趣；最后一段作者提出自己的观点：有时要放慢脚步读一本好书。因此全文是总分总的结构。故选C。
13．B14．B15．C16．B
【解析】本文主要讨论人的成长是基因重要还是环境重要，列出了各自的观点和专家们调查研究的结果。通过科学家研究发现，有实验证明是先天的基因重要，有的实验证明是后天的环境重要，面对两种对立的说法，现在还没有一个最终的结论。
13．推理判断题。根据“Give me a child until the age f 7 and I’ll shw yu the man.”可知，七岁看到老，由此推知养育期在人的一生中起着重要的作用。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“Nick Ryle frm the University f Exeter in the UK”可知，Nick Ryle来自英国，故选B。
15．词义猜测题。分析“Hwever human persnalities are a lt mre cmplicated than birds s there is much we still dn’t knw.”可知，人类的性格比鸟类复杂得多，所以还有很多我们不知道的。此处cmplicated的意思是“复杂的”，故选C。
16．推理判断题。根据“The nature vs nurture debate will cntinue fr a lng time if nt frever.”可知，先天与后天的争论即使不是永远也会持续很长一段时间。选项B“科学家们确信环境比基因更能影响人的性格”表述错误，故选B。
17．A18．C19．B
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。四名学生对“学生是否应该读古典文学”这个问题阐述了不同的观点。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段“Famus bks can develp students’ cultural literacy…”可知，Harry 认为读名著可以提高学生们的文化素养。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据第三段“While reading, sme students mainly pay attentin t wrds and expressins withut carefully reflecting n them.”可知，Linda认为一些同学读古典文学的时候，过于关注词汇和表达，所以她认为是在浪费时间。故选C。
19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，四名学生讨论的是关于“学生是否应该读古典文学”的问题。故选B。
20．A21．D22．C
【解析】本文讲述人们太专注取得胜利的结果而不是过程，作者讲述自己做教练的经历，认为激励人更重要。
20．词义猜测题。根据“We have becme s fcused n that end result instead f the prcess”可知，句子表达太专注取得胜利的结果而不是过程，可知“gets swept under the prverbial rug”表达“忽视，不注意”，相当于“catches little attentin”。故选A。
21．推理判断题。根据第五段“I realized that I needed t supprt ur student athletes as whle human beings, nt just athletes wh wn”及第六段“It is s much easier t give rders than t actually figure ut hw t mtivate smene t be better”可知，作者讲述做教练的经历是为了说明激励他人比命令他人更重要。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据第六段“It is s much easier t give rders than t actually figure ut hw t mtivate smene t be better. And the mtivatin takes a really lng time t take rt. The key ingredient was t develp trust thrugh patience and hnesty”可知激励他人的关键是通过耐心和诚信培养信任感。C选项“一个教练尊重他的队员，即使他们对没有取得胜利”符合。故选C。
23．C24．C25．D
【解析】本文主要讲述了幸福的意义及如何寻找到幸福，相信如果我们有爱和理解，我们就会幸福。
23．段落大意题。根据文中“Hwever, if yu live in the present, enjying the little yu have, yu will feel yur life is much fuller and happier.”可知，第二段主要是告诉我们应该活在当下，享受我们所拥有的一点点。故选C。
24．主旨大意题。根据文中最后“Are yu willing t find happiness? Well, stp searching fr mney, and begin with the peple wh are next t yu and lve yu. Just by being yurself and enjying the prcess yu will achieve what yu lng fr.”可知，如果我们有爱和理解，我们就会幸福。故选C。
25．观点态度题。根据文中“Yu are nt happier by getting mre, but by being the best yu can be. That is, if yu fcus (聚焦) everything yu d in life n being the persn yu want t be, by bringing ut the best in yurself and behaving as yur heart tells yu, yu will find yur path in life t be much brighter and happier.”可知，作者对幸福的看法是做你自己，享受你所拥有的一切让你快乐。故选D。
26．C27．A28．C29．B30．C
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲了挫折能激发人的潜能，使人坚强，年轻人应该勇敢迎接和克服挑战。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly cmes easily. Surprisingly enugh, the butterfly is unable t fly.”可知，这个男人剪掉了蛹，令人惊讶的是，这只蝴蝶不会飞，可见不会飞的原因是这个男人的帮助。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段“He tk up the challenges and vercame them.”可知，他接受了挑战并克服了它们，可推测作者展示丹尼斯的例子是想鼓励人们向他一样，勇敢地克服生活中的困难。故选A。
28．词句猜测题。根据“His father died when he was nly twenty. His father’s death frced him t mature fast.”可知，父亲在他20岁时就去世了，可见父亲的去世迫使他迅速成长。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第一段“Similarly, the challenges f life bring ut the best in yung peple and make them fly.”以及第三段“We must meet and vercme challenges.”可知，生活的挑战激发出年轻人最好的一面，让他们展翅高飞。我们必须迎接和克服挑战。可以推测作者想要鼓励年轻人勇于面对挑战。故选B。
30．最佳标题题。根据第三段“We must meet and vercme challenges. The yung peple f tday will becme the leaders f tmrrw. Fr cuntries t cntinue t becme successful, it is imprtant that the yung peple learn t meet challenges and vercme them.”可知，我们必须迎接和克服挑战。今天的年轻人将成为明天的领袖。国家要想继续取得成功，年轻人必须学会迎接挑战并加以克服。可见，本篇文章主要目的是呼吁年轻人勇于面对挑战，从而激发出自己无限的潜能。故选C。