主题06 中考英语重难题型热点主题时文押题组合练

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中考英语重难题型热点主题时文押题组合练06 001   A阅读理解     开罗“减肥”-埃及将首都搬入沙漠新城002   B阅读理解     《时代周刊》2021年度人物  003   C阅读理解     谷爱凌最大的目标：赢得三枚奖牌 004   D任务型阅读   跑步时，女儿是父亲的眼睛005   E完形填空     医生为心脏病患者移植猪心脏 006   F短文填空     宠物是如何帮助人类抗癌的  A阅读理解主题：开罗“减肥”-埃及将首都搬入沙漠新城What's the capital of Egypt? You might answer, “Cairo.” Well, the answer is going to change. Egypt is getting a new capital.Not named yet, it is in the desert to the east of Cairo. In December 2021, some public officers started to work in the new capital to begin a six-month trial（试用）.The reason for the move is to deal with the booming（激增的） population in Cairo. The city has been the capital for more than a thousand years. It＇s quite crowded. The AP（美联社）reported that its population will double to 40 million by 2050.The new capital is bigger. It covers 714 square kilometers, nearly twice the size of Cairo. According to the plan, it will house 6.5 million people.More than that, people will build it to be modern, smart and green． There will be 20 skyscrapers（摩天大楼）． One of them will be Africa's tallest building, reaching 385 meters. It uses a smart traffic system. People use cashless payment. There is also a public park, twice the size of New York's Central Park.The Egyptian president said the new capital marks the “birth of a new state”.1 What can we learn about Egypt's new capital?A. It is far away from the desert to the east of Cairo.B. It hasn't got a name yet.C. People have to pass a test to move there.D. Public officers will start to work there to begin a trial in 2022.2 What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. How Cairo became Egypt's capital.B. Why Egypt wants to get a new capital.C. What the size of the new capital is.D. Why Egypt's population grows so fast.3 Which is TRUE about the new capital according to Paragraph 5?A. People there will live in skyscrapers.B. There will be no traffic accidents.C. People there don't have to buy things with cash.D. There will be the largest park in the world.4 What does the Egyptian president think of the change?A. It happened too early.B. It might bring more problems.C. It is good for newborn babies.D. It will make a big difference.5 In what column can we most probably see this passage?A. News.B. Food.C. Sports.D. Music B阅读理解主题：《时代周刊》2021年度人物Billionaire inventor Elon Musk was named TIME's 2021 Person of the Year. The news was announced on December 13,2021.“Person of the Year is a marker of influence（影响），” says Edward Felsenthal from TIME. “And few people have had more influence than Musk on life on Earth, and life off Earth too.”Musk is the founder of the rocket company SpaceX. It's building a spacecraft that will take astronauts to the moon for the first time since 1972.* Musk is also the CEO of the electric-car company Tesla. Its success has pushed other automakers to build electric vehicles. This could be the key to fighting climate（气候）change. Robots， cryptocurrency（加密电子货币），and solar power are among Musk's other business interests. “Like it or not, we are now in Musk's world,” Felsenthal says.TIME also announced distinctions in three other categories. Heroes of the Year went to four scientists who helped formulate the COVID-19 vaccine: Kizzmekia Corbett, Barney Graham, Katalin Karikó, and Drew Weissman. Their work has helped slow the pandemic. Athlete of the Year was Simone Biles, who brought attention to mental health. Entertainer of the Year was Olivia Rodrigo. She had the most-streamed song on Spotify， and two of her singles debuted（首次亮相） at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100.1 What can we know about Tesla from the passage?A. It's Musk's rocket company.B. It can take astronauts to the moon.C. Its products are good for the environment.D. It first appeared in 1972.2 How many people did TIME name in 2021?A.4.B.5.C.6.D.7.3 What's the meaning of the underlined word “pandemic” in the fourth paragraph?A.大流行病B.疫苗C.疗程D.感染4 What's the passage mainly about?A. The heroes in 2021.B. Time's 2021 Person of the Year.C. The most famous people in the world.D.A famous magazine C阅读理解主题：谷爱凌最大的目标：赢得三枚奖牌After winning the silver medal（奖牌）in the women's freeski slopestyle at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics on Tuesday, China's Gu Ailing immediately startedtraining at the halfpipe course（U型场地）.The freeski halfpipe qualifiers would start on Thursday.“Winning medals in the three events at Beijing 2022 has always been my biggest goal. I know it's something I can do. I wanted to get on the podium（领奖台），”the 18-year-old said of her medal dream.“My grandma is going to watch me compete in halfpipe, which means the world to me. She's never watched me compete before, so hopefully I can put on a good show for her. I love halfpipe; it's so much fun for me.”Gu's mother called her on the phone and suggested she stop halfpipe training to have a rest. “Of course, I am off training," Gu said, while eating a steamed bread to offer her energy.“I'm out here to show myself and the sport to people. So just to be able to put down a run and show people what's possible when you're under pressure, which is another thing that I'm proud to show* ," she said.Gu said what she likes most about freestyle skiing is that it's not about where the players are from or the color of their skin. “Skiing is something that can bring us all together, and we can make friends with each other,” she added.“I congratulate the others because I want them to be their best.1 What did Gu Ailing do immediately after winning the silver medal?A. She trained for the freeski halfpipe qualifiers.B. She got a gold medal in the freeski slopestyle.C. She took part in the freeski halfpipe qualifiers.D. She got her third medal at the Winter Olympics.2 What is Gu's biggest goal at Beijing 2022?A. To win one medal.B. To win two medals.C. To win three medals.D. To win four medals.3 In which paragraphs did Gu talk about her family?A. Paragraphs 1 and 2.B. Paragraphs 2 and 3.C. Paragraphs 3 and 4.D. Paragraphs 4 and 5.4 What is another thing Gu wants to show at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics?A. What her favorite sport is.B. The reason why she is happy.C. How many medals she can get.D. What she can do under pressure D任务型阅读主题：跑步时，女儿是父亲的眼睛Since 2020,Wang Xueting has kept running with her father every day. She serves as his eyes and uses a rope to help lead the way.  1  Wang＇s father is 51 years old． He was born with a congenital vision disorder（先天性视力障碍）． His eyesight has gotten worse in recent years. He felt upset about his disability for a long time. He once locked himself in his home in Chengdu, refusing to see anyone. Wang Xueting is interested in running.  2  .But running wasn't easy for her father, Wang Kequan in the beginning. Wang Xueting first bought an old treadmill（跑步机） online for her father， but he gave up after a few tries. He felt that he couldn＇t use it because of his lack of exercise and eyesight.  3  She alerted（提醒） him to the turns and stones on the road. After some time， they got used to keeping steps with each other while running. They have run every day since then near their house. Slowly, they started running farther away from home.Wang Kequan slowly developed a love for running.  4  “When I'm running, it feels like I'm not ill,” he said.Running has brought them closer, and Wang Xueting said they talk more about things besides running, such as her education and favorite subjects.  5  And they greeted her teachers and classmates there.Wang Xueting said life is challenging, but full of hope.“My dad is my hero,” Wang Xueting added.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。A. She even led her father on runs at her university.B. Thanks to running every day, his health greatly improved.C. She will keep leading her father into running until she finds a job.D. Wang Xueting came up with an idea and decided to run with her father.E. They depend on the rope to feel the turns and the distance between them.F. She did not give up hope and suggested he take up running to get relaxed1.____________  2. ____________  3. ____________  4. ____________  5. ____________  E完形填空主题：医生为心脏病患者移植猪心脏For the first time in history， doctors transplanted（移植） a pig's heart into a human.The patient was 57-year-old David Bennet from Maryland, US. He was too  1  for a human heart, so doctors at the University of Maryland School of Medicine used a modified （改良的） pig heart in a last-ditch effort（最后的努力）to  2  the man's life.The day before the operation, Bennet said,“ Either  3  or do this transplant. I want to live. I know it's a shot in the dark,  4  it's my last choice.”The operation was  5  .Earlier operations at such a transplant failed; however, Bennet was doing  6  and Friday's operation showed for the first time that a modified animal heart could  7  in the human body without immediate problems. The seven-hour operation was a major step in using animal organs（器官）  8  life-saving transplants; however, it's too soon to  9  if the operation will work, and the man's long-term chances of survival（生存）.A US medical authority（医疗机构）gave the doctors a special permission to complete the operation, with the 10  that Bennet had a fatal（致命的）heart disease，and he would have died otherwise1A.healthyB. sickC. strongD. safe2A.saveB. findC. studyD. fix3A.comeB. succeedC. waitD. die4A.orB. andC. butD. so5A.dangerousB. quietC. expensiveD. small6A.badlyB. wellC. easilyD. hard7A.dropB. hideC. stopD. work8A.byB. forC. inD. with9A.tellB. speakC. sayD. talk10A.timeB. wayC. ideaD. reason  F短文填空主题：宠物是如何帮助人类抗癌的Just like humans， pets may become sick， develop serious diseases（疾病）， and die from them. One of these  1  (disease) is cancer. Pets such as dogs, cats, horses, and rabbits can  2  (natural) develop cancers. Dogs and cats are our most common pets and  3  (consider) to be part of the family. Many owners will do anything  4 (save) their beloved friends, so dogs and cats often get medical help. Because of this, cancers of dogs are  5  most studied animal cancers, and there  6  (be) a lot of information about them. Veterinarians (animal doctors) and scientists spend a lot of time  7  (study) pet cancers, both to treat pets  8  to understand pet cancers. Thanks to all the studies on dog cancer patients, we now know that several cancer types in dogs are very similar  9  those of people, including cancers of the bone, mouth, and brain.* What's more, the bodily systems of dogs，including the immune system（免疫系统）， share many similarities with the systems of the human body. So, this  10 (help)researchers find the best way to beat this serious disease, in both people and animals.根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空或在空白处填入一个适当的单词，使短文完整、通顺。1.____________  2. ____________  3. ____________  4. ____________  5. ____________  6.____________  7. ____________  8. ____________  9. ____________  10. ____________   答案解析A阅读理解埃及新首都从2021年12月开始进行为期6个月的试运行。过去1000多年，开罗一直是埃及的权力中心，如今这一切将要改变。1．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Not named yet，it is in the desert to the east of Cairo.可知，埃及新 首都尚未被命名。2．B 主旨大意题。本段主要说明了埃及为什么会迁都。3．C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的People use cashless payment 可知，生活在新首都的人们不必用现金买东西。4．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“埃及总统表示，新首都标志着埃及“一个新国家的诞生””可推知，埃及总统认为这一改变将带来巨大的变化。5．A 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要叙述了关于埃及迁都的一些相关情况，故这篇文章极有可能出现在新闻栏目中。★难句分析The AP reported that its population will double to 40 million by 2050．据美联社报道，到2050年，其人口将翻一番，达到4000万。The AP reported是主句，that引导宾语从句。by在句中意为“在·····之前”。B阅读理解埃隆·马斯克被《时代周刊》杂志评选为2021年度人物。马斯克对地球生命，甚至是对外星生命都有着巨大影响，他的生意遍及各个领域。此外，文章还介绍了《时代周刊》所评选出的年度英雄-帮助研制新冠疫苗的四名科学家以及年度运动员、年度艺人。1．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 Its success has pushed other automakers to build electric vehicles. This could be the key to fighting climate change.可知，特斯拉的成功推动了其他汽车制造商生产电动汽车，而电动汽车可能是应对气候变化的关键，故推断出特斯拉生产的产品-电动汽车对环境有利。2．D 细节理解题。根据文章可知，《时代周刊》杂志评选的2021年度人物有亿万富翁发明家 ElonMusk，年度英雄-四位科学家 Kizzmekia Corbett、Barney Graham、Katalin Karikó和Drew Weissman， 年度运动员Simone Biles，以及年度艺人OliviaRodrigo，共7位。3．A词义猜测题。根据上文 the COVID-19 vaccine以及 Their work has helped...可知，四位科学家帮助研发了新冠疫苗，他们的工作帮助减缓了大流行病。4．B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了《时代周刊》杂志评选的2021年度人物。★难句分析It's building a spacecraft that will take astronauts to the moon for the first time since 1972．该公司正在建 造自1972年以来首次将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词spacecraft，that同时在从句中作主语，不能省略。C阅读理解在北京2022年冬奥会上获得一金一银奖牌之后，中国选手谷爱凌立即开始了U型场地技巧训练。自由式滑雪U型场地技巧预选赛周四开始，谷爱凌会以自己喜欢的方式享受运动的快乐。1．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的After winning the silver medal...on Tuesday, China's Gu Ailing immediately started training at the halfpipe course. The freeski halfpipe qualifiers would start on Thursday.可知，谷爱凌获得一枚银牌后立即为U型场地技巧资格赛而训练。2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Winning medals in the three events at Beijing 2022 has always been my biggest goal．可知，谷爱凌在北京2022年冬奥会上最大的目标是夺得三枚奖牌。3．C细节理解题。根据第三段中的My grandma is going to watch me compete in halfpipe...与第四段 中的 Gu＇s mother... “Of course， I am off training，” Gu said...可知，在第三、四段中谷爱凌谈及了她的家人。4．D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的．．．show people what's possible when you're under pressure, which is another thing that I＇m proud to show...可知，谷爱 凌想展示的另一面是她在压力下能激发出的潜能。★难句分析So just to be able to put down a run and show people what's possible when you're under pressure, which is another thing that I＇m proud to show.因此，只要能 战胜滑道，并向人们展示当你处于压力之下时的潜能，是我很自豪能够展示的另一件事。So..and show people是主句；what引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。D任务型阅读王克泉今年51岁，患有先天性视力障碍，一直郁郁寡欢。女儿王雪婷喜欢跑步，她建议父亲跑步以放松心情。在女儿的陪伴下，王克泉慢慢地爱上了跑步，心情变得开朗了，健康状况也大有改善。1．E 上文提及她充当他的眼睛，用绳子帮助引路，下文对应表示：他们依靠绳子来感受转弯和他们之间的距离。2．F上文提及王雪婷对跑步很感兴趣，下文对应表示：她没有放弃希望，建议父亲开始跑步以放松自我。3．D 下文提及她提醒他注意路上的转弯和石头，上文对应表示：王雪婷想出一个主意，决定和父亲一起跑。4．B 上文提及王克泉慢慢地爱上了跑步，下文对应表示：由于每天跑步，他的健康状况得到很大改善。5．A 下文提及在那里他们向她的老师和同学打招呼，上文对应表示：她甚至带着她父亲在她的大学里跑步。★难句分析Running has brought them closer, and Wang Xueting said they talk more about things besides running, such as her education and favorite subjects.跑步拉近了 他们的距离。王雪婷说，除了跑步之外，他们谈论更多的事情，比如她的教育和最喜欢的科目。and连接并列关系的两个分句，第一个分句是简单句，第二个分句是复合句；第二分句中Wang Xueting said是主句，said后为宾语从句。E完形填空美国一名心脏病患者因为病情危重，在无法等到人的心脏的情况下，医生为挽救其生命而为他植入了一颗改良的猪心脏。手术史无前例地完成，也没有立即出现不良情况。但是现在就说手术是否有效，以及该患者获得长期生存的机会还为时过早。1．B 根据上文的doctors和The patient以及下文的in a last-ditch effort可知，他的病情很严重。2．A 联系上下文可知，医生这样做是为了救病人的命。3．D 根据后句I want to live．可知，本句意为“或者死，或者做移植手术”。die意为“死；死亡”。4．C 根据前句“我知道成功的可能性微乎其微”可知，后句意为“但这是我最后的选择”，故应用连词but，表示转折。5．A 联系下文提到的“以前这样的移植手术都失败了”以及“因为是致命的心脏病，否则他会死的”可知，该手术非常危险。dangerous意为“危险的”。6．B 根据前句“以前这样的移植手术都失败了”以及转折连词however可知，此处表示Bennet的手术顺利完成。7．D 结合上下文可知，这次手术首次证明改良的动物心脏可以在人体内运转，没有立即出现不良情况。8．B use．．for．．．是固定短语，意为“用·····作为···．．．”。9．C tell“告诉”，常用搭配：tell sb sth 或 tell sth to sb；speak“说”，表示“说某种语言”，常用搭配：speak to sb；say“说”，后跟说的内容；talk“说；讲”，是不及物动词，后跟宾语时，要加介词。空格后是宾语从句，是说的内容，故填say。10．D 后句“Bennet患有致命的心脏病”是前句“美国一家医疗机构给了医生们一个特别许可来完成这台手术”的原因。★难句分析The seven-hour operation was a major step in using animal organs for life-saving transplants; however, it's too soon to say if the operation will work, and the man＇s long-term chances of survival．7个小时的手术 是使用动物器官进行挽救生命的移植的重要一步；然而，现在说手术是否有效，以及这个人长期生存的可能性还为时过早。however连接两个表示转折关系的句子。第一个分句是简单句，其中The seven-hour operation是主语，was是系动词，a major step...是表语；第二个分句是“it＇s too＋形容词＋to do...”句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to say...，say后的if引导宾语从句。F短文填空宠物也会像人类一样生病甚至患癌症，科学家们通过研究宠物的病症，进而研究抗癌的方法和药物。因为宠物和人类在很多生理结构上相似，所以人们期待可以在未来研究出既能治愈宠物也能治愈人类的最佳办法。1．diseases 根据空格前的One of these可知，此处可数名词用复数，意指“其中一种疾病”。2．naturally 此处修饰动词develop，因此用副词。3．are considered 这句话的主语是 Dogs and cats，与动词consider之间构成被动关系，意指“狗和猫被认为是家庭成员的一部分”。被动语态的结构为“be＋动词过去分词”。4．to save 根据语境可知，宠物主人尽一切努力来挽救他们心爱的朋友。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。5．the 形容词最高级前用the。6．is 此处考查 there be句型，be动词的形式取决于后面的名词。information“信息”，为不可数名词。因此be动词用单数形式。7．studying spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，因此study用动词-ing形式。8．and both．and“既·····又······”，是固定搭配。9．to 句意：·····狗身上的几种癌症类型与人类的非常相似。短语 be similar to 意为“与······相似”。10．helps 整篇文章是一般现在时，主语this是单数，因此谓语动词用单数形式。★难句分析Thanks to all the studies on dog cancer patients, we now know that several cancer types in dogs are very similar to those of people, including cancers of the bone, mouth，and brain.多亏了所有关于患癌狗的研究，我们现在知道狗身上的几种癌症类型与人类的非常相似，包括骨癌、口腔癌和脑癌。that引导宾语从句。thanks to意为“由于；幸亏”；including为介词，意为“包括”。