第05讲 状语从句 -【暑假自学课】2022年新高一英语暑假精品课（新外研版2019必修1）

第05讲 状语从句

       【学习目标】

1. 掌握常见状语从句的连词意思。
2. 特殊连词和时态的关系。

        【基础知识】

状语是什么？

基本概念：

(1)概念：状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等。

(2)句型特点：

状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。放在主句之前时，常用逗号与主句分开；放在主句之后时，不用逗号。

2．分类及引导词

   【考点剖析】

考点一：时间状语从句

1）When/while/as

活学活用：Louis ________ computer games when her brother phoned her.

A．plays　　　　　　B．is playing

C．has played        D．was playing

I was about to go out _____the teacher came in .

_____ years go by，China is getting stronger and richer．

The son was having a good meal at home，_____ the parents were working in the fields.

    I had hardly closed my eyes_____ someone knocked at the door．

温馨小贴士：when常考结构：

  be about to do… when /be on the point of doing… when

  be doing… when

  …had just done…when… /…had hardly/scarcely…when 

2）after/before/since

Jane, please turn off the lights ________ you leave the classroom.

A．after　　B．before　　C．until　　D．since

3) until/till

—Hurry up! The bus is coming.

—Wait a minute. Don't cross the street ________ the traffic lights are green.

A．until　　　　　　　B．after

C．while             D．since

4) as soon as, the minute……

Tom will call me as soon as he ________ home.

A．gets 　　　　　　B．has got

C．got             D．will get

4）表示“一……就……”的从属连词：as soon as ; the minute, the second ,the instant; immediately, directly, instantly; no sooner…than…，hardly…when….

 –Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her ?

  –Yes ,I gave it to her _____ I saw her.

A．while              B. the moment            C. suddenly             D. once

5）．可引导时间状语从句的time 短语： every time ,each time ,(the) next time , (the)last time , the first time, any time 等.

I thought her nice and honest ______I met her .

 A. first time             B. for the first time          C. the first time        D. by the first time

6）．It be … since / before /when… 句型：

①“It is/ has been +时间段+since…”从句谓语为终止性动词表示“自从……以来有多久了”; 但若从句谓词是延缓性动词时，则意为“（多久）不做……了”；

   It is two months since we came here.

   It has been five years since he smoked.

②“It will be/was +时间段+before…”肯定句：表示“过……之后才……”; 否定句：表示“没过……就……”。

③“It be +时间点+when…”表示“当……时，时间是……”。 注意比较和强调句的不同。

练习：

①It is almost five years _____we saw each other last time.

A. before             B. since               C. after                 D. when

②That was really a splendid evening . It’s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.

A．when             B. that               C. before                D. since

例1．【单句填空】

（用 before, when, since, that 填空）

1. It was two years ________he realized the truth.

 2. It will be two years ________ the economic situation improves.

 3. It was two years later ________ he realized the truth.

 4. It is /has been two years ________ he lived here.

 5. It was midnight ________ he arrived home.

 6. It was at midnight ________ he arrived home.

 7. It was not until midnight _______ he arrived home.

 考点二：条件状语从句

从属连词有：if ,unless(=if …not)，as/so long as , supposing(that)（如果）,provided/providing(that) （如果）,in case(假使)，on condition that(在……的条件下)等。

例2．【单句填空】

If you really hold on to your dreams, they ______ true one day.

A．came　　　　　　B．comes

C．has come         D．will come

_____I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.

A. Even though         B. Unless               C. As long as           D. While

考点三：原因状语从句

原因状语   because/since/as         now that   in that

—Is everyone here today?

—No. Tom is at home ________ he has got a bad cold.

A．because　　B．if　　C．until　　D．unless

引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because, as, since, now (that),when(既然), as, seeing (that)(由于),considering (that),given (that)(考虑到)等。

温馨提示: for引导的原因状语从句不放在句首。

例3．【单句填空】

①Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses_____ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.

A. because             B .though               C. unless              D. if

②_____ everybody knows about it ,I don’t want to talk any more.

1. For                 B. Even                 C. Since               D. However

 考点四：地点状语从句

引导词：where（在。。。的地方）或wherever(在。。。的任何地方）

例4．【单句填空】

The famous scientist grew up ______he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.

A, when       B, whenever       C, where       D.wherever

区别：where引导的定语从句和状语从句

You'd better make a mark where you have any questions.     _________从句

You'd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.     _________从句

 考点五：目的状语从句  

so that…     in order that…

例5．【单句填空】

The teacher speaks very loudly ________ all the students can hear her.

A．so that　　　　　　B．because

C．since             D．when

 考点六：结果状语从句   so…that….   Such…that…

Pattern shift: That lesson is so difficult that nobody can understand it.

结果状语从句常由so… that 或 such…that引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。

   so + adj./ adv. + that…

   so + adj. + a/an + n. (单) + that…

   so+ many/ much/ few/little(少)+ that…

　 such+ a/an+ adj. + n(单)+ that…

   such+ adj. + n.(pl.)/ n.(u)+ that…

   温馨贴士：当so或such置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装

  So loudly did he speak that everyone could hear him.

例6．【单句填空】

①Pop music is such an important part of society ____ it has even influence our language.

A. as               B. that                 C. which               D. where

② His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it.

A. so               B. and                 C. that                 D. as

考点七：让步状语从句

拓展：引导让步状语从句的从属连词有although, though, as, while(虽然),even if/though(即使),whether…or…(不论／不管……还是……) 以及“疑问词+ever”和 “no matter +疑问词”等。

例7．【单句填空】

1)Though/although

________ many children like KFC, I think they'd better try not to eat it too often.

A．Because　　B．When　　C．Although　　D．If

2)even if/even though

Correction:  Even we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad.

3)no matter….

Correction: No matter how you say, I won't change my mind.

温馨贴士：as引导让步状语从句时，状语表语及谓语动词的一部分置于as之前，且作表语的单数名词前的冠词要省略。即构成：表语/状语/动词（原）+ as+ 主+谓+其他。

1. 形容词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。          Tired as he is, he offers to help me.

2. 过去分词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。

Well-written as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it.

3. 名词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。如：   Student as he is, he does not study hard.

   若表语是单数名词，倒装时要省略冠词。

4. 副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语部分。如：  Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.

5. 动词原形 + as + 主语 + 谓语的一部分（情态动词may, might, will, would等）。

  Try as she might, she failed. 

【考例1】 _____, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.

A. As long as I have traveled             B. Now that I have traveled so much

C. Much as I have traveled               D. As I have traveled so much

【考例2】 _____, Carolina couldn’t get the door open.

A. Try as she might     B. As she might try     C. She might as try      D. Might she as try

考点八：比较状语   than…  as…as…

We don't have much homework now and our school bags are ________ they used to be.

A．as heavy as　　　　　B．not as heavy as

C．as heavily as         D．not as heavily as

考点九：方式状语从句  as  as if   the way

        【真题演练】

1.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept            the late 1980s.

2.They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.

3.I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.

4.I study Italian ________ I would be able to read Dante in the original.

A. so that B. even though C. in case D. as if

5.Under the regulation, restaurants and hotels shall stop offering throwaway items_______customers request them.

A. since B. once C. unless D. until

6._____ having a roommate inevitably has its challenges, it can also be a great part of your college experience.

A. While B. When C. As D. If

7.I only take on work that excites me      it means turning down lots of money.

A. as if B. in case C. now that D. even if

8.—What are you going to do this afternoon?

—I'll probably go for a walk later on＿＿＿it stays fine．

A. as far as B. so long as

C. even if D. as if

9.Though it is 5 years________ he retired from his work place, the old professor remains active in the academic circles.

A when B. that C. before D. since

10.         the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.

A. While B. Unless

C. Since D. Until

11. ________rich one may be. there is always something one wants.

A. Whatever B. Whenever C. However D. Wherever

12.---- I am going to Hainan for my holiday.

---- OK. Have fun ________ you can. The hard times are approaching.

A. until B. before C. unless D. while

13.Mary rushed home______ she heard the news, only ______ that her husband was gone.

A. as soon as; finding B. immediately; to find

C. the moment; find D. when; found

14.________there is a wide variety of clothes in her wardrobe, the lady still complains about having no suitable clothes to wear.

A. Even though B. Provided that C. If only D. As if

短文改错（共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分）

Relying too much on the computer may give rise to some problem. One is that people are more likely to make spelling mistakes than they have to hand write something. Another is that people are very dependent on computers that they may lose an ability to think on their own. If the computer says XYZ, and they often think XYZ must true. They didn’t want to spend time thinking or investigating, and always copying what they want online. Admittedly, computers make our lives easier, but we should never rely on it completely. All in all ,a computer should be used for a tool to aid work rather than the only tool.

语法填空

According to a recent survey, violence （暴力）did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also expressed their great concern about it. Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of adolescents.

     Nowadays, school violence is   31   hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon,   32   calls for our great concern. We should try every effort   33   (prevent) violence happening at school for more and more students would drop out of school   34   their personal safety could not   35   (guarantee). In fact, violence can   36  (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from   37   they see on television or on the Internet.

     If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence   38   violence, for it will result in  39  (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.

拓展训练   状语从句在完型填空中的应用

     All in all, every student should behave   40   (he) and keep away from violence.

Around twenty years ago I was living in York.  21  I had a lot of experience and a Master’s degree, I could not find  22  work.  I was  23  a school bus to make ends meet and  24  with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had  25  five interviews (面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not  26  the job. “Why has my life become so  27  ?” I thought painfully.

As I pulled the bus over to  28  a little girl, she handed me an earring  29  I should keep it  30  somebody claimed (认领) it. The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”.

At first I got angry. Then it  31  me – I had been giving all of my  32  to what was going wrong with my  33  rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a  34  of fifty things I was happy with. Later, I decided to  35  more things to the list. That night there was a phone call for  36  from a lady who was a director at a larger  37 . She asked me if I would  38  a one-day lecture on stress (压力) management to 200 medical workers. I said yes.   My  39  there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job. To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of  40  that I completely changed my life.

21. A. As B. Though C. If D. When

22. A. successful B. extra C. satisfying D. convenient

23. A. driving B. repairing C. taking D. designing

24. A. working B. travelling C. discussing D. living

25. A. prepared for B. attended C. asked for D. held

26. A. lose B. like C. find D. get

27. A. hard B. busy C. serious D. short

28. A. wave at B. drop off C. call on D. look for

29. A. ordering B. promising C. saying D. showing

30. A. in case B. or else C. as if D. now that

31. A. hurt B. hit C. caught D. moved

32. A. feelings B. attention C. strength D. interests

33. A. opinions B. education C. experiences D. life

34. A. list B. book C. check D. copy

35. A. connect B. turn C. keep D. add

36. A. her B. a passenger C. me D. my friend

37. A. hospital B. factory C. restaurant D. hotel

38. A. listen to B. review C. give D. talk about

39. A. plan B. choice C. day D. tour

40. A. operation B. speaking C. employment D. thinking

       【过关检测】

单句语法填空

1._______ there are many positive developments associated with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns.

2.Talking about fires can be scary ________ no one likes to think about people getting hurt or their things getting burned.

3.The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys ________ at last it reaches the sea.

4.The teacher spoke slowly and in simple English in order ________ the students might understand her.

5.We know that ________ tasks your group is given, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.

6.I'll speak slowly so ______ you can understand me.

7.Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a baby's cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them ________ we are parents or not.

8.In fact, the discontent is not useless since you may learn more from it ________ from the things that cheer you up.

9.________ the wedding ceremony began, the couple nervously repeated their vows “we promise to love each other for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health”．

10.________ we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.

11.I am not afraid of tomorrow, ________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.

12.________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.

单句改错

1．(全国卷Ⅰ)I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.

__________________________________________________________________

2．(全国卷Ⅰ)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.

__________________________________________________________________

3．(全国卷Ⅱ)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.

__________________________________________________________________

4.(全国卷Ⅲ)I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.

__________________________________________________________________

5．(全国卷Ⅰ)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.

__________________________________________________________________