第02讲 时态语态 -【暑假自学课】2022年新高一英语暑假精品课（新外研版2019必修1）

这是一份第02讲 时态语态 -【暑假自学课】2022年新高一英语暑假精品课（新外研版2019必修1），文件包含第02讲时态语态解析版-暑假自学课2022年新高一英语暑假精品课新外研版2019必修1docx、第02讲时态语态原卷版-暑假自学课2022年新高一英语暑假精品课新外研版2019必修1docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共27页， 欢迎下载使用。

复习初高中英语常见时态结构和标志词。
掌握被动语态结构和考点。
【基础知识】
时态复习
课前检测：
1. There _______ six cuntries in SCO (上合组织) at first, but nw the number has increased t eight.
A. isB. areC. wereD. will be
2. —Jack,remember ______ ff the lights when ______ yur bedrm.
—OK,I wn’t frget,Mm.
A.turning;leaving B.t turn;leave C.turning;left D.t turn;leaving
3. —When is the schl art festival?
—It will be held n time if it next Mnday.
A. dn’t rainB. wn’t rainC. desn’t rainD. didn’t rain
4. They dn't live here any lnger. They______ t Chengdu last mnth.
A. mve B. mved C. will mve D. are mving
5. Befre the sun ______, we need t get t the tp f the muntain.
A. setB. setsC. is settingD. will set
6. —Simn, d yu knw wh invented the kite?
—Sure! It ________ by Mzi ver 2,000 years ag.
A. is inventedB. inventedC. was inventedD. will be invented
7. —We ________ t Yun Brcade Museum with the exchange students this cming summer hliday.
—That’s amazing!
A. wentB. gC. have gneD. will g
8. They ______ abut a cmedy at this time yesterday.
A. were talking B. are talking
C. have talked D. will talk
9. The TV news reprts that there ________ a strm the day after tmrrw.
A. is B. was
C. will be D. has been
10. Yesterday, I_______the subway hme when I suddenly fund I was n the wrng line.
A. tkB. was takingC. had taken
11. I t the West Lake fur times, but I will g there again this summer.
A. have gneB. have beenC. wentD. had gne
答案：1. C【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：起初，上合组织有六个成员国，但是现在成员国的数量已经上升到8个。根据句中的at first以及与之相对应的nw可推知，这里要用一般过去时。句子的主语是名词复数cuntries，故there be句型用There are的过去式There were。故选C。
2. D 考查非谓语动词和时态的用法。句意：——杰克，离开卧室的时候记得把灯关掉。——好的。我不会忘的，妈妈。remember t d sth.记住要去做某事(未做)；根据句意可知,杰克还没有离开,所以关灯这件事还没有做。第一句的后半句是时间状语从句，Jack与leave之间是主动关系，要用现在分词表伴随，故选D。
3. C考查动词时态辨析。句意：—校艺术节是什么时候？—如果下周一不下雨，将如期举行。if作“如果”讲，动词时态将遵循“主将从现”的原则，这里应用一般现在时来代替一般将来时。故选C。
4. B考查动词的时态。意为：他们不再住在这里了，他们上个月去了成都。last mnth是一般过去时的标志。故选B。
5. B 考查动词时态。句意：太阳落山前，我们需要到达那个山顶。Befre引导时间状语从句，而在时间状语从句中不能使用将来时态，排除D；从主句为一般现在时态及语境推知，从句也应用一般现在时态表达。故选B。
成时，选D。
6. C 考查动词时态及语态。句意：—西门，你知道谁发明了风筝吗？—当然，风筝是在2000多年前墨子发明的。根据后面的“by”及句意可知此处应用被动语态；又根据时间状语“ver 2,000 years ag”可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
7. D 考查动词时态。句意：—这个暑假我们将要去云景博物馆？—那真是太棒了。根据后面的时间状语“this cming summer hliday（将要到来的暑假）”可知应用一般将来时。故选D。
8. A 考查动词的时态。句意：昨天这个时候，他们正在谈论一个喜剧片。根据句中的时间状语this time yesterday，可知该句的时态应用过去进行时，表示“过去某个时间正在发生的动作”。故选A。
9. C 考查动词时态。句意：电视新闻报道称，后天将有暴雨。由时间状语the day after tmrrw判定谓语动词应用一般将来时。故选C。
10. B 此题考查时态。when引导的时间状语从句表达的是过去的一个时间点，过去某个时间点正在做的事情应该用过去进行时，过去进行时的结构为be+v.-ing，只有B选项满足。
11. 考查时态。句意：我去过西湖四次，但是今年夏天我将再去那里。根据fur times可知表示“去过”，用have been t表达。故答案选B。
【考点剖析】
常见时态：现在时态，过去时态，将来时态
语态： 主动语态和被动语态
时态考点连连看：
考点一：一般现在时：
时间状语：always, usually, ften, smetimes, every week (day, year, mnth…), nce a week, n Sundays,
考点1： 永恒的真理
考点2： “ 主可将从必现”
时间：when, until, after, befre, as sn as, nce, the mment/the minute, the day;
条件：if, unless, prvided/prviding (that), s/as lng as
考点3：make sure /certain that , see t it that 等＋宾语从句， 从句用一般现在时
考点4：the + 比较级…, the + 比较级… (越……就越……)
例1．【单句填空】
1. I learned that the earth _____ arund the sun when I was in primary schl.（g)
2. If he ____ the jb, he will get mre mney sn. (accept)
3. S lng as he______ hard, I dn’t mind when he finishes the experiment.(wrk)
4. The harder yu_____, the better results yu will get.(study)
考点二、 一般过去时：
时间状语：ag, yesterday, the day befre yesterday, last week(year, night, mnth…), in 1989, just nw,
at the age f 5, ne day, lng, lng ag, nce upn a time, etc.
例2．【针对练习】
1.(全国I) Edward, yu play s well. But I __________ yu played the pian.
A. didn’t knw B. hadn’t knwn C. dn’t knw D. haven’t knwn

2.(北京) Scientists have many theries abut hw the universe __________ int being.
A. came B. was cming C. had cme D. wuld cme

3.(北京) When I talked with my grandma n the phne, she sunded weak, but by the time we ________ up, her vice had been full f life.
A. were hanging B. had hung C. hung D. wuld hang
考点三、一般将来时：
时间状语： tmrrw , next day(week, mnth, year…),sn, in a few minutes, the day after tmrrw, etc
考点1： will + v. (原)
be ging t d
考点2：某些表示“位置移动”的动词：arrive, cme, g, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。
I ______ fr Beijing tmrrw (leave).
考点3： 祈使句 + and/r + 陈述句
Use yur head and yu ______ a way (find).
句式变换(1)
(Give me )ne mre hur, and I’ll get the wrk finished.
Mre effrt, and yu will succeed.
句式变换(2)
Given ne mre hur, I’ll get the wrk finished.

例3．【针对练习】
1. _____ n the tp f the twer and yu’ll enjy the scenery f the whle city.
A. Standing B. Stand C. T stand D. Stand
2. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having given B. T give C. Giving D. Given
。
考点四、 现在进行时： am/is/are ding; am/is/are being dne
时间状语：nw, at the mment, these days等
小贴士：主要考查根据上下文语境来判断
例4．【针对练习】
(陕西) It is reprted that many a new huse _______ at present in the disaster area.
A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built
考点: 频度副词，如always, cnstantly, cntinually等和现在进行时态连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。


考点五、 过去进行时：was/were ding; was/were being dne
表示过去某个时间或某段时间正在做或一直在做的某事。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的一般过去时的时间状语从句等。
例5．【针对练习】
1.(四川) The telephne _________, but by the time I gt indrs, it stpped.
A. had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung

2.(全国II) --Is this anything wrng, Bb? Yu lk sad.
-- Oh, nthing much. In fact, I _______ f my friends back hme.
A. have just thught B. was just thinking
C. wuld just think D. will just be thinking
考点六、现在完成时（重点）：have/has dne; have/has been dne
时间状语：in the past/last few years, lately；recently, just，up t nw, till nw, s far, these days，fr+时间段；since+过去时间点
例6．【针对练习】
(全国课标I) When yu are hme, give a call t let me knw yu _______ safely.
A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive

考点1：It/ This/ That is + 序数词+ time+ that… 表示“这是…第几次做某事”
考点2：It is the nly / the best (wrst, mst interesting ) +名词 ＋that…
针对练习:
填空:
1. It/This is my first time that I _____________ China. (visit)
2. This is the mst interesting film I_____________. (see)
3. That is the nly bk that he ______________. (write)
单项填空:
(陕西) This is the first time we __________ film in the cinema tgether as a family.
A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen
考点七 、现在完成进行时(have/has been ding)
例7．【针对练习】
1. I’m sure yu will d better in the test because yu _______ s hard this year.
A. studied B. had studied C. will study D. have been studying
2. I’m tired ut. I _______ all afternn and I dn’t seem t have finished anything.
A. shpped B. have shpped C. had shpped D. have been shpping
温馨小贴士：
1. 多表说话人的态度、感情色彩
2. 现在完成时态和现在完成进行时态同时出现常选后者
3. 和一般过去时态的区别
考点八、过去完成时（重点）：had dne; had been dne
时间状语：(1) three years befre,
(2) by+ 过去时间
the end f + 过去时间
the time that….(过去时间)
(3) when, befre引导的时间状语从句
考点一：用于; n sner
考点二：It/This/ That was the 序数词+ time + that…

考点三： had hped t d / that… 表示未曾实现的愿望、打算和意图。
类似动词：expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppse, plan 等
I had meant t g away but culdn’t get rid f the children.
拓展：v. + t have dne (以上动词适用)
I wanted t have seen yu ff at the airprt but I gt there t late.
例8．【针对练习】
There_________ 25 parks in ur city up till 2000. (be)
By the end f last term we __________ the bk. (finish)
They finished earlier than we ___________. (expect)
I had __________ my wrk when he came t see me. (finish)
I had n sner gt int the rm than it __________ t snw.(begin)
N sner________ I __________hme than the telephne rang. (arrive) （注意主谓倒装）
That was the secnd time that she ____________her grandfather. (see)
It _________ 3 years since we parted. ( be)
I ________ that I culd d the jb. ( hpe)
I _________ t see yu but I was t busy. (intend)
过去将来时态： wuld d; was/ were ging t d
Will be ding
被动语态考查要点
英语的语态有两种，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表主语是动作的承受者。此主要讲被动语态。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中主语是动作的承受者，也就是动作的对象。一般说来，只有及物动词（短语）才有被动语态。汉语常用“被”“受”“给”“遭”“挨”等词来表被动意义。动作执行者一般由介词by引出。被动语态结构为:“助动词be+过去分词+ by +动作执行者+ with +工具”。被动语态的时态是通过be动词变化的。
构成 ：be/get + 过去分词
考点1）主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前需加t。
感官动词：
使役动词：
The bss made him wrk all day lng. ___________________________________________________.

考点2）It is said /reprted/ knwn / suggested / believed / hped/ thught that … “据说/报道…; 人们说…”
= Sb is said/reprted/… t d/ t be ding/ t be dne
考点3）不能用被动语态的几种情况。
①所有的不及物动词（词组） 如：happen, take place, break ut等。
②表示归属的动词 如：have、wn、belng t等。
考点4） 主动形式表被动意义
① feel、lk、smell、taste、sund作系动词用时；
②pen、lck、read、sell、write，wash等表示某物本身所具备的某种特性时。
This kind f clth washes easily.
These nvels wn’t sell well.
My pen writes smthly.
③want, require, need“需要”+ v-ing表示被动
④be(well) wrth ding
⑤在“be + 形容词 + t d”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。
This kind f water isn’t fit t drink.
The girl isn’t easy t get alng with.
另外：be t blame(受谴责)，be t rent（出租）
考点5）被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。
be seated坐着 He is seated n a bench.（He seats himself n a bench.）
be lst迷路
be drunk喝醉
be dressed穿着 The girl was dressed in a red shrt skirt.

巩固练习
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Since the very beginning, the technlgical base needed fr 5G (cnsider).
2.These dams are smetimes six r seven hundred feet in length, and they (cnstruct) s delicately that they lk mre like the wrk f man than f little dumb beasts.
3.Later, Nelsn (award) the Presidential Medal f Freedm in recgnitin f his wrk.
4.Over the years the tpics which were cntrversial at the time (discuss) and debated.
Ⅱ.单句改错
5.Every ne f yu are encuraged t visit it.
6.The vluntary activity was ffered us an pprtunity t cntribute t ur sciety.
7.When we arrived, we were warmly welcme by them.
8.Since last winter, the smg has been ccurred a lt f times.
Ⅰ.单句填空
【答案】1has been cnsidered2are cnstructed3was awarded4have been discussed
Ⅱ.单句改错
【答案】5are→is6删除was7welcme→welcmed8删除been
【真题演练】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.A representative wh (see) his perfrmance befre thught he culd replace anther star wh intended t leave.
2.It (be) a traditin since the kings in the eighth and ninth centuries stpped trading.
3.Additinally, the kinds f facial make-up(脸谱) (be) the mst particular art in Peking pera.
4.It is said Lu Ban, wh lived in the Spring and Autumn Perid, (invent) the kite.
5.Especially famus is the wall built in 220—206 BC. Little f that wall (remain).
6.Accrding t the letter, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (help) t prmte “equality fr all children in the next generatin”.
7.The humble man (refuse) an interview invitatin after becming an Internet star and said that he just did what he felt he shuld.
8.Tea frm China, alng with her silk and prcelain (瓷器), began t be knwn t the wrld mre than a thusand years ag and since then it (be) an imprtant Chinese exprt.
9.It (becme) separated frm Britain and Ireland by 6500 BC.
10.(江苏,22)The musician alng with his band members (give)ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.
Ⅰ.单句填空答案：
【答案】1had seen2has been3are4invented5remains6will help7refused8has been9had becme10. has given
【过关检测】
1. My sister bught a kind f clth. This kind f clth _______.
A. fell very sft B. feels very sft C. is felt very sft D. feels very sftly
2. I’d rather yu ________tmrrw.
A. came B. cme C. cmes D. cming
3. Betty will ring me up when she ______ in Beijing.
A. arrive B. arrives C. arrived D. will arrive
4. D yu knw if _______back next week? If he ______ back, please let me knw.
A. he cmes, will cme B. will he cme, cmes C. he will cme, cmes D. will he cme, will cme
5. I have a lt f wrk t d, because I _______tmrrw.
A. leave B. am leaving C. wuld leave D. leaving
6. I have left the cmpany, and nw I _____ in the bank.
A. wrk B. am wrking C. have wrked D. is wrking
7. Mary _______a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B, is making C. was making D. make
8. It is the third time that the by______.
A. was late B. has been late C. is late D. had been late
9. Dn't wrry. Yur package _______ here until yu cme back, s enjy shpping here.
A. will keep B. has kept C. will be kept D. has been kept
10. Great changes _________ in Tngren in the past five years.
A. have happened B. have taken place C. have been happened D. have been taken place
11. By the end f last term we __________ the bk. (finish)
12. This kind f clth ________ easily. (wash)
13. Great changes ________since yu_______.
A. have taken place, have left B. have been taken place, have left C. have taken place, left
语法填空
Passage 1
Ocean pllutin 1 (be) serius. It can 2 (kill) cean creatures and even harm humans. It’s vital t fcus n this issue and find ways t prevent pllutin in ur waters.
Pllutin in the ceans severely 3 (harm) sea creatures. Fr example, cean animals ften mistake pieces f plastic fr fd. As 4 result, their bellies 5 (fill) with plastic frm bttles, cntainers and beach tys. This can be deadly t the animals.
Ocean pllutin 6 (cause)risks t humans, t. Plluted water can result 7 disease amng swimmers. Als, peple eat fish which might 8 (pisn) with harmful chemicals frm il leaks and rubbish in sea water.
Sme peple may argue that cean pllutin is nt serius, believing that the ceans are s vast that they can absrb all kinds f pllutin. Hwever, the many examples f cean creatures killed by pllutin prve them wrng.
In 9 (cnclude), it’s clear that cean pllutin is a 10 (challenge)prblem. We need t learn mre abut hw t stp it.
【答案】
Passage 2
These days, 1 wmen and men 2 (surrund) by magazines and websites full f tips n dieting, exercise and fashin. Gne 3 (be) the days when all men had t think abut wearing a nice suit t be smart and handsme. Things 4 (change).
Nw, a survey has suggested that 80% f men admit being unhappy abut their bdies. The biggest bdy issues fr them are beer bellies and lack f muscles. Sme think this sudden vanity is due t the pressure r influence f mdels we 5 (see) n TV and in magazines. Peple end up 6 a perceptin f what the perfect bdy shuld lk like. But nt everybdy 7 (want) t put in the effrt t have perfect muscles 8 Arnld Schwarzenegger. An pprtunistic designer has even 9 (invent) the muscle-enhancing shirt t make the buyer lk mre f a hunk(猛男).
But Je Warner, the frmer editr f Men’s Fitness magazine, thinks the muscle-enhancing shirt is just a trick. He thinks many peple in the cuntry are verweight and shuld accept that they need t d mre exercise regularly. Exercise is always gd. But we mustn’t frget beauty is nly skin-deep. Character is 10 (imprtant) than appearance.
【答案】
changed5.see/have imprtant
时态名称
构 成
标志词
一般现在时
（ ）
（连系动词is/am/are）
一般过去时
（ ）
连系动词was/were）
一般将来时
（ ）
is/am/are ging t d
is/am/are(abut)t d
现在进行时
（ ）
过去进行时
（ ）
现在完成时
（ ）
过去完成时
（ ）
现在完成进行时
has/have been ding
过去将来时
（ ）
was/were ging t d
was/were(abut)t d
一般
完成
进行
现在
am/is/are dne
have/has been dne
am/is/are being dne
过去
was/were dne
had been dne
was/were being dne
将来
shall/will be dne
shall/will have been dne
过去将来
shuld/wuld be dne
shuld/wuld have been dne