高考英语一轮复习3 Unit 4 astronomy the science of the stars课件

这是一份高考英语一轮复习3 Unit 4 astronomy the science of the stars课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了Unit 4，system，基础自主梳理，climate，religion，atmosphere，thus，gentle，crash，pull等内容，欢迎下载使用。

佳作晨读赏析│基础自主梳理│考点互动探究│当堂过关检测
Astrnmy the science f the stars
[2016·北京卷] 假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序,以“Actins fr a greener earth”为题,给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件,介绍活动的全过程。参考词汇:地球日Earth Day
A week befre Earth Day, psters were put up arund ur schl, calling upn us t jin in the actins fr a greener earth. Our class came up with the idea t make better use f used materials. We brught t ur classrm wrn-ut clthes, pieces f cardbard and empty plastic bttles, and turned thse int dlls, handbags, tissue bxes and small vases. That weekend, we went t a nearby neighburhd and gave them away t the peple there. All were very happy with thse unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly peple. We did s well that we were invited t share ur idea and experience with all the students f ur schl. We are very prud f urselves and believe we can d mre fr a better wrld.
1.文章体裁:记叙文。2.行文逻辑:号召参加活动→具体活动→总结升华。3.词汇短语:运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如: call upn/n sb t d sth(号召某人做某事), cme up with(提出,想出), make use f …(利用……), turn…int…(把……变成……),be prud f (对……感到骄傲/自豪)等。4.句式句法:运用了多样化的句式结构。如:①现在分词短语作状语:calling upn us t jin in the actins fr a greener earth;②状语从句:that we were invited t share ur idea and experience with all the students f ur schl;③宾语从句:we can d mre fr a better wrld等。
Ⅰ. 单词荟萃1．___________ n．系统；体系；制度2．___________ n．气候3．___________ n．宗教；宗教信仰4. ___________ n．大气层；气氛5. ______________ adj.基本的；基础的6. ________ adv.因此；于是
fundamental
7. ________ adj.温和的；文雅的8. ________ vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落9. ________ n．& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力10. ________ n．物理学家11. ________ n．反应；回应→react v．反应12. ________ vi.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存13. ________ vi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物14. ________ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→vilently adv.强烈地；激烈地；凶猛地→vilence n．暴力15. ________ n．学说；理论→theretical adj.理论上的
16. ________ n．谜；难题 vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的17. ________ n．出席；到场；存在→present adj.在场的；目前的 n．目前；现在；礼物 v．呈现；颁发；授予18. ________ prep.不同；不像→like vt.喜欢；prep.相像→likely adj.可能的19. ________ adj.有害的→harm n．危害；害处 vt.损害；伤害→ harmless adj.无害的20. ________ n．球体；地球仪；地球→glbal adj.全球性的；全世界的
7. _________________挡住(光线)8. _________________感到高兴；感到振奋9. _________________既然10. ________________ 突发；爆发11. _______________密切注视；当心；提防12. _________________熟悉；掌握；理解
Ⅱ. 短语检测1．________________及时；终于2. _________________下蛋3. _________________依靠4. _________________产生；分娩5. __________________轮到某人6. __________________阻止；制止
give birth t
in ne's turn
prevent…frm
watch ut fr
get the hang f
Ⅲ. 佳句再现1.s+adj./adv.…that…引导状语从句,意为“如此……以至于”The earth became ______________(如此激烈以至于) it was nt clear whether the shape wuld last r nt.  2.make it pssible t d sth使做某事成为可能This prduced a chain reactin, which _________________________________(使生命的发展成为可能).  3.现在分词表示“结果”As a result f this event, a great dust clud frmed in the sky ____________________________(遮住了阳光).
s vilent that
made it pssible fr life t develp
blcking ut the sunlight
4.whether引导的名词性从句S ____________________________(生命能否延续) n the earth fr millins f years t cme will depend n __________________________________(这个问题能否得到解决). 5.“倍数+as+adj./adv.+as”句型But when I tried t step frward, I fund I was carried ______________(两倍远) n the earth and fell ver.
whether life will cntinue
whether this prblem can be slved
twice as far as
1 harmful　 adj.(causing r capable f causing harm)有害的;伤害的(1)be harmful t 　　　对……有害(2)d sb harm/d harm t sb 伤害某人There is (n) harm in (sb's) ding sth (某人)做某事有(无)害处(3)harm n.& vt. 损伤;伤害harmless adj. 无害的
【活学活用】(1)As we all knw, the plluted water and air are harmful t peple's health. 众所周知,污染了的水和空气对人的健康有害。(2)The lcal gvernment decided t clse dwn sme factries which had dne a lt f harm t the envirnment.当地政府决定关闭一些对环境造成重大损害的工厂。(3)Scientists d nt knw hw much and what kinds f nise d harm t (=________________________) cean animals. 对于危害海洋动物的噪声的强度和种类,科学家们并不了解。
are harmful t
(4)语法填空。①It never ccurred t him that his carelessness culd d such great harm_______himself. ②They may nt be able t help but there's n harm in __________(ask) them. ③Apparently, yu were cracking a __________(harm) jke, but she was terribly scared.
2 lay　v.放置;搁;下(蛋);产(卵)lay eggs　下蛋lay…n…将……放在……上;把……强加于某人[温馨提示] lay是不规则动词,其过去式、过去分词、现在分词依次是:laid→laid→laying。
【活学活用】(1)She dressed the wunded sldier and laid him n a stretcher t be carried t the hspital.她给伤员包扎好,把他放在担架上以便送往医院。(将……放在……上)(2)This dictinary lays special emphasis n the usage f wrds.这本字典着重于讲词的用法。(强调)(3)She refused t lay the blame n any party. 她拒绝归咎于任何一方。(归咎于)
(4)语法填空。①With the dinner table __________(lay), the family began t have supper. ②It's bviusly a lie t say that yu've watched a rster lying there _________(lay) eggs.
3 exist　vi.存在;生存(1)exist in… 　存在于……之中There exists… 有/存在…… (2)existing adj. 现存的;现有的(3)existence n. 存在in existence 现存的;现有的cme int existence 产生;存在[温馨提示] exist没有被动语态,也不能用于进行时态。
【活学活用】(1)Ever since a lng time ag, there have existed different pinins amng scientists n hw the universe first existed(=came int existence).长期以来,在宇宙的起源这个问题上,科学家们一直存在不同看法。(2)The tw sides have reached a partial agreement, but several differences still exist between them.双方达成了部分协议,但他们之间仍存在着一些分歧。
(3)语法填空。①Accrding t sme philsphers, everything in __________(exist) is reasnable. ②We have n mney t buy advanced machines, s we shuld make better use f the ________(exist) ld nes. ③_________ exists a wide range f different pinins amng the cmmittee members. 
4 prevent　v.阻止;制止prevent/stp/keep…frm ding sth 　阻止……做某事prtect…frm 保护……不受……侵袭;挡住;防御keep…ding sth 使……一直做某事
【活学活用】(1)The heavy rain didn't prevent/stp/keep us frm ging t the frest t watch the birds last Sunday.→The heavy rain didn't prevent/stp us ging t the frest t watch the birds last Sunday. (不能用keep)→We were nt prevented/stpped/kept frm ging t the frest t watch the birds by the heavy rain last Sunday. (不能省略frm)大雨没能阻止我们上周日到森林里观鸟。
(2)Unless we get mre funding, we'll be prevented frm finishing ur experimental prgramme.除非我们得到更多的经费,否则我们将无法完成实验项目。(3)Every pssible means shuld be taken t _________________________________________________.  人们应该采取各种可能的措施来防止这条河流受到污染。
prevent/stp/keep the river frm being plluted
(4)语法填空。①His heart truble did nt prevent him __________(g) t class the next day. ②His further cnsideratin f the pint ________________(prevent) by Richard's cming back t us excitedly. ③He cut ff the electricity quickly, _____________(prevent) an accident. ④_____________ (prevent) himself frm crying, he tk a step backwards int the hallway and clsed the dr.
was prevented
5 puzzle　n.谜;难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难(1)puzzle sb　　　使某人迷惑/为难be puzzled by 被……迷惑puzzle abut/ver sth 苦苦思索;仔细琢磨(2)be in a puzzle abut sth 对某事迷惑不解(3)puzzling adj. 令人困惑的puzzled adj. 感到困惑的[温馨提示] puzzled意为“迷惑的,不解的”,往往用于指人或人的表情、脸色、声音等;puzzling意为“令人迷惑的,让人不解的”,往往指物。
【活学活用】(1)There was a puzzled lk n her face because a puzzling prblem puzzled her.她脸上有迷惑不解的神情,因为有个令人费解的问题使她困惑。(2)The plice are still puzzling (=____________a puzzle)abut/ver hw the accident culd have happened. 警察们仍然在苦苦思索这起事故是怎么发生的。
(3)语法填空。①Why a bird can cause an air disaster is still_______puzzle t me. ②Hearing the general manager's explanatin, he had a ___________(puzzle) expressin n his face. ③The reprters as well as sme critics remained _________(puzzle) by the electin results. ④When the little girl was asked such a ____________questin, she std there with a _________lk n her face. (puzzle) 
(4)一句多译。①The sheep farmer ________________________________the disappearance f sme sheep n his farm. (puzzle n.) ②The sheep farmer _____________________________the disappearance f sme sheep n his farm. (puzzled adj.)那位牧羊的农场主一直对他农场中羊只的丢失感到疑惑不解。
was still in a puzzle abut
was still puzzled by
6 pull　n.& vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力pull up 　拔出; (使)停止pull dwn 拆毁;摧毁pull in (车辆)进站停靠;驶向路边(或某处)停靠pull ut 驶出;退出pull ver 驶向路边pull thrugh 康复;痊愈
【活学活用】(1)Yu'll find my mther in the garden as usual, pulling up weeds.你会像平时一样在花园里找到我的母亲,她在拔草。(拔出)(2)I stepped utside and pulled up my cllar against the cld mist. 我走出门,竖起衣领抵御冷雾。(竖起,拉起)(3)The pliceman pulled up the mtrist and asked t see his driving licence.警察让那个驾驶员停车,要看他的驾照。(停车)
(4)用pull相关短语的适当形式填空。①The pliceman signalled the driver t _____________his car s that he culd check his licence. ②When all passengers were n bard, the train _____________f the statin. ③Her family wndered if she culd ________________after the peratin. ④Crwds jammed in fr seats when the train________________. ⑤The earthquake ________________mst f the buildings in the city. ⑥The express frm Beijing _______________n time. 
pull thrugh　
1 in time　 (sner r later)迟早;(eventually)最后;(early r sn enugh)及时n time 准时all the time 一直,始终at ne time 曾经,一度at a time 每次,逐一frm time t time 有时,偶尔in n time 立刻,马上at times 有时[温馨提示] at n time等含否定意义的词组位于句首,句子要部分倒装。
【活学活用】(1)We arrived in the summer, just in time t enjy the midnight sun.我们是夏季到的,正好赶上欣赏子夜太阳。(及时)(2)He was invlved in a murder and in time they wuld pick him up. 他参与了一起谋杀案,他们迟早会逮捕他的。(迟早)(3)It sunds as if yu are getting treatment, and I hpe that sme mixture f drugs and cgnitive behaviur therapy will help in time.听起来你好像正在接受治疗,我希望药物加上认知行为疗法最终能帮到你。(最终)
(4)用time的相关短语填空。①If yu keep n, yu'll succeed _________. ②The car came t a stp just___________t prevent an accident. ③_____________, half the land n the earth's surface was cvered by the frest. ④We'll have the leak fixed_____________.
2 in ne's turn　轮到某人;接着in turn 依次;轮流;转而;相应地by turns 轮流;交替地take turns t d sth 轮流做某事It is ne's turn t d sth. 轮到某人做某事。It turns/turned ut that…结果是……
【活学活用】(1)Mr Franklin seemed t be as helpless as his cusin when he heard the news in his turn.当富兰克林先生听到这个消息时,他也像他的表哥一样一筹莫展。(2)It was my turn t recite. Hw I wish I had been able t say the rules withut a mistake!轮到我背诵了,我多么希望我能够一字不错地把那些规则说出来啊!(3)__________________ the persn seated next t me n the train was ne f my ld friends. 火车上坐在我旁边的那个人原来是我的一个老朋友。
It turned ut that
(4)用take turns/by turns/in turn的适当形式填空。①The yung parents had t_______________t lk after their sick baby. ②The change f the climate makes the earth warmer. __________, the warmth f the earth changes the climate, t. ③I decided t divide this class int three grups t give them lessns _________.
3 cheer up　感到高兴;感到振奋(1)cheer fr 　为……喝彩叫好;为……鼓劲加油cheer sb n (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人;为某人加油cheer the victry 为胜利而欢呼(2)cheerful adj. 快乐的,高兴的Cheers! (用于祝酒)干杯!
【活学活用】(1)Whenever I encunter difficulties, she will encurage me and help me cheer up.每当我遇到困难时,她总是鼓励我,帮我振作起来。(2)The trapped miners cheered up when they heard the rescue party.被困的矿工们听到救援队的声音时大为鼓舞。(3)If they win the final tnight,the team are ging t tur arund the city ______________by their enthusiastic supprters. 如果他们赢得今晚的决赛,这支队伍将巡游全城以接受他们热情的支持者们的欢呼。
t be cheered
(4)语法填空。①Yur_________ (cheer) appearance has relieved me f all my wrries. ②Everyne cheered_______ the vilinist at ur schl cncert. ③The crwd cheered the runners _______as they started n the last lap f the race.
4 break ut　(战争、火灾、疾病、争吵等)突然发生;爆发break away (frm) 　　摆脱;脱离break in vi. 闯入;打断break int vt. 破门而入break ff 分离;停止,中止break thrugh 突破,突围break up 粉碎;解散;(关系)破裂,结束;放假break dwn (机器)出故障;(身体)垮掉;失声痛哭;(谈判等)失败;(化学)分解[温馨提示] break ut, happen, take place都不及物,不用于被动结构。
【活学活用】(1)A fire brke ut in the lwer stry during the midnight and sn the whle building was in flames.午夜时分楼下着火了,不一会儿整栋大楼都烧起来了。(2)Once they understd the jke, they brke ut int laughter.他们一明白了那个笑话,就大笑起来。(break ut int突然发出,迸发出)(3)The prisner managed t break ut f the rm where he was imprisned.那个犯人设法从囚禁他的屋子里逃了出来。(break ut f逃出)
(4)用适当的介词、副词填空。①We were discussing ur plans, but had t break _______when the telephne rang. ②Last night smebdy brke_______Mr White's huse and tk away a lt f things. ③She brke _______when she heard the news, but quickly recvered. ④Scientists think they have brken _________in their attempt t find the causes f many majr diseases. ⑤The husband and wife are always quarrelling and their relatins are breaking _______.
5 watch ut fr　密切注视;当心;提防watch ver 　　照看;看守keep a watch n 监视,密切注视be n the watch (fr) 提防,警惕,当心
【活学活用】(1)Yu'll catch a cld if yu dn't watch ut; yu need a warmer cat.如果你不注意,就会感冒,你需要穿一件厚一点的外套。(2)Watch ut that yu dn't catch a cld, ging ut in the puring rain.冒着瓢泼大雨出去,当心感冒。(3)He climbed the muntain carefully, all the time watching ut fr lse rcks.爬山时,他步步小心,怕踩到松动的石头。
(4)用适当的介词填空。 ①Will yu watch _______my clthes while I have a swim? ②The plice warned hlidaymakers t be_______ the watch fr car thieves. ③Please keep a clse watch _______the children while they are in the pl. ④I'm always watching ut _______mistakes that I may have missed befre.
1 But when I tried t step frward, I fund I was carried twice as far as n the earth and fell ver.但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，然后我摔倒了。句型公式…倍数＋as＋形容词/副词＋as…
【句式点拨】twice as far as…是一种倍数的表示方法,意为“是……的两倍远”。常见的倍数的表达方式有:(1)倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as…(2)倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than…(3)倍数+the size/height/weight/depth/…+f…(4)倍数+as many/much+名词+as…
【活学活用】(1)The new stadium being built fr the next Asian Games will be =three times as big as the present ne.=three times bigger than the present ne.=three times the size f the present ne.正在为下届亚运会而建设的新体育场将是目前这个体育场的三倍。(2)The gravity n the surface f Mars is abut ____________________as it is n the earth. (strng) 火星表面的引力大约是地球表面引力的三分之一。
ne third as strng
(3)Kenya, a land mre than ________________Britain, is everywhere parched. (size) 肯尼亚四处干旱炎热,其面积是英国的两倍多。(4)It is reprted that the United States uses ________________________the whle f Eurpe.(much; as) 据报道,美国使用的能源是整个欧洲的两倍。
twice the size f
twice as much energy as
2 This prduced a chain reactin, which made it pssible fr life t develp.这引起了连锁反应，为生命的发展提供了可能。句型公式make it pssible…使……成为可能
【句式点拨】本句是“make it+形容词/名词+t d sth”结构,其中it为形式宾语,指代后面的不定式结构。it作形式宾语,除指代不定式结构外,还可指代that引导的宾语从句。
【活学活用】(1)The sun gives ff light and heat, which makes it pssible/making it pssible fr plants t grw. 太阳发出光和热,这使得植物生长成为可能。(it指代不定式)(2)The inventin f televisin has made it pssible that mvies can be watched at hme.电视机的发明使在家看电影成为可能。(it指代从句)(3)Peple in the West make________a rule t buy Christmas presents fr their relatives and friends. 在西方,人们常在圣诞节时给他们的亲属们和朋友们购买礼物。
(4)Obviusly, it is the Internet ____________________t cmmunicate with each ther. 显然,是因特网使得彼此间交流很容易。(5)They are scheduled t reach Shanghai by June 6, ____________________fr them t attend the meeting. 他们预计于6月6日前抵达上海,正好能使他们赶上参加会议。
that makes it easy
making it pssible
Ⅰ.单句填空1.Nw there's a system ___________the waste is dispsed f using the principles f eclgy. 2.During thse fur years, he wrked day and night, thus_____________(imprve) his thery gradually until it was cmplete. 3.Smetimes he fund ___________very hard t fall asleep at night, s he went t see the dctr. 4.What makes me _____________(puzzle) is why he left the cuntry withut telling anyne.
5.The children are schled in an ld rm that nce stred _________(harm) chemicals.  6._______we shuld wrk ut a plan t deal with the present serius situatin is imprtant. 7.She strngly bjected t my mther's marriage. Surprisingly, my mther's reactin_______it was rather calm. 8.The argument remains extremely heated n whether there are necessary cnditins f _____________(exist) such as water n Mars. 9.If ur parents d everything fr us,we wn't learn t depend n ___________(we). 10.The limits f a persn's intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but ___________he reaches these limits will depend n his envirnment.
Ⅱ.单句改错1.Apes have flexible hands much like urs but unlike that f any ther creature.   ___________________________________________________________________________________________2.Whenever I get in truble, my father always encurages me, “Dn't wrry, my girl. I'm sure everything will get better n time.”  ___________________________________________________________________________________________3.The new bridge is three times width f that ne built last year.___________________________________________________________________________________________
width 前加the
4.We hpe the new machine will wrk faster, instead reducing ur csts.  ___________________________________________________________________________________________5.Teachers can help them learn t take risks in an atmsphere that they feel cnfident abut ding s.___________________________________________________________________________________________
instead改为thus/hence/therefre
that改为where
Ⅲ.完成句子1. Obviusly, it is the teamwrk _______________________fr them t g anywhere they want t.(it作形式宾语) 显而易见,正是合作才使得他们去想去的地方成为可能。2. _________________________________her telephne number, we will have t send smene t deliver the message.(nw that) 既然我们谁也不知道她的电话号码,只有找个人去把消息告诉她了。3. _________________________________________________in the pening air tmrrw depends n the weather.(主语从句) 他们的婚礼明天是否在户外举行取决于天气
that makes it pssible
Nw that nne f us knws
Whether their wedding ceremny will be held
4.It remains unknwn ______________________________________Mr White when he ges abrad next mnth. (主语从句) 人们还不知道在怀特先生下个月出国时谁来接替他。5. Gelgical research shws that whenever the earth heats up a few degrees, the Arctic gets ___________________________.(倍数的表达) 地质研究表明,每当地球温度上升几度,北极地区就会变暖3倍。
wh will take the place f
three times as warm
Ⅳ. 课文回顾The earth was just a clud f 1.___________ (dusty) after the “Big Bang”. The explsin f the earth prduced water vapur, 2._____________turned int water when the earth cled dwn. Water allwed the earth t disslve 3.___________(harm) gases and acids int the ceans and seas. That made 4._______ pssible fr life t begin t develp. The 5._______(arrive) f small plants encuraged the develpment f early shellfish and all srts f fish. Many millins f years later the first green 6._______(plant) began t appear n land. Later land animals appeared. Sme were insects. Others, called amphibians,7._______(be) able t live n land as well as in the water. Finally, sme small clever animals appeared and spread all ver the earth.