译林版2019选修四UNIT 2 泛读 技能初养成学案

这是一份译林版2019选修四UNIT 2 泛读 技能初养成学案，共8页。
阅读“Extended reading”中的材料，选出最佳选项
1．Which is nt a brrwed wrd in the sentence “The sushi restaurant's menu was cnfusing．”？
A．was B．sushi
C．restaurantD．cnfusing
2．Accrding t the passage，which ne is nt true?
A．Wrd brrwing has been ccurring fr thusands f years．
B．Wrds are brrwed at a faster speed than befre．
C．Sme brrwed wrds even sund like the native language．
D．Brrwed wrds cannt be avided．
[答案] 1—2 AD
Wrds and Phrases
知识要点1 preference n．偏爱；偏爱的事物
(教材原句P20)Nw，when speaking t Americans，wh have a preference fr the direct style，I fund that I ften failed t get straight t the pint．
现在，当我和偏爱直接风格的美国人交谈时，我发现我常常不能直接切入主题。
[例] I can't say that I have any particular preference．
我说不出自己有什么特别偏好。
[知识拓展]
(1)give preference t．．．给……以优惠；优先考虑……
have a preference fr喜爱；偏好……
(2)prefer vt．更喜欢；选择某事物
(而不选择其他事物)
prefer sb．t d sth．宁愿某人做某事；
更喜欢某人去做某事
prefer that．．．更喜欢……，宁愿……
prefer ding sth．t ding sth．和做某事相比更喜欢做某事
prefer t d sth．rather than d．．．更喜欢做某事，而不……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Sme peple eat with their eyes．They prefer t rder(rder) what lks nice．
②I have this thery that mst peple prefer being at wrk t being(be) at hme．
③We give preference t thse(给那些人优先权) wh have wrked with us fr a lng time．
知识要点2 (教材原句P21)Thse wh break tabs are likely t feel upset r embarrassed even if they have n intentin f hurting thers．．．
那些打破禁忌的人很可能会感到难过或尴尬，即使他们没有伤害别人的意图……
(1)embarrassed adj．窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的
[例] Sme wmen are t embarrassed t cnsult their dctr abut the prblem．
有些妇女太害羞，不愿就这个问题向医生咨询。
[知识拓展]
(1)be embarrassed abut/at对……感到尴尬
(2)embarrassing adj．令人窘迫的，使人难堪的
embarrassment n．困窘，尴尬
(3)embarrass vt．使窘迫；使尴尬
embarrass sb．with sth．因……使某人尴尬
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Dn't embarrass them with persnal questins．
②She was embarrassed(embarrass) when they kept telling her hw clever she was．
③It can be embarrassing(embarrass) fr children t tell cmplete strangers abut such incidents．
(2)intentin n．意图，计划
[例] He has annunced his intentin t retire．
他已经宣布他打算退休。
[知识拓展]
(1)by intentin故意
have n intentin f ding sth．无意做某事
with the intentin f抱有……目的
withut intentin无意中；不是故意地
(2)intend v．想要，打算；计划
intend t d sth．想要做某事
be intended t d/fr．．．用来做某事/打算为……所用
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Yu knw I have n intentin f being(be) awkward and bstreperus．
②These garments are intended fr prfessinal sprts peple．
③He returned with the intentin f spending new year with his family(带着和他的家人一起过春节的目的)．
知识要点3 crrespnd vi．类似于；相一致，符合；通信
(教材原句P21)This is because the wrd that crrespnds t “umbrella” in Chinese sunds like anther Chinese wrd which means “t separate”．
这是因为汉语中与“伞”相对应的汉字听起来像另一个汉字，意思是“散”。
[例] Yur accunt f events des nt crrespnd with hers．
你对事情的陈述与她说的不相符。
[知识拓展]
(1)crrespnd t/ with符合，一致
crrespnd with 和……通信
(2)crrespndence n．一致，相当；通信
in crrespndence with与……一致
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The written recrd f the cnversatin desn't crrespnd t what was actually said．
②The editr welcmes crrespndence(crrespnd) frm readers n any subject．
知识要点4 behave vi．&vt．表现得体，有礼貌；表现
(教材原句P21)If yu knw what t avid and hw t behave，yu will spare yurself embarrassment．
如果你知道该避免什么，如何处世，你就不会尴尬了。
[例] The dctr behaved very unprfessinally．
那位医生的做法十分不专业。
[知识拓展]
(1)behave well/badly twards sb．对某人态度好/恶劣
behave neself表现得体；守规矩
(2)behaviur n．行为；举止；习性
be n ne's gd/bad behaviur举止(不)规矩；行为(不)检点
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He was angry t see his sn behave badly(bad) at the party．
②Behave yurself(yu) and be careful in what yu say r d．
③Make sure that gd behaviur(behave)is rewarded．
知识要点5 tlerate vt．容许，允许；忍受，容忍；能经受
(教材原句P21)Sme behaviur that was nt tlerated befre might be accepted nw．
以前不能容忍的一些行为现在可能会被接受。
[例] This srt f behaviur will nt be tlerated．
这种行为是不能容许的。
[知识拓展]
(1)tlerate (sb．) ding sth．/ stand (sb．) ding sth．/ bear sb．ding sth．容忍∕忍受(某人)做某事
(2)tlerant adj．宽容的；容忍的
be tlerant f/t/twards对……宽容
(3)tlerance n．宽容，忍受；忍耐力
tlerable adj．可以接受的，可忍受的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He can't tlerate peple smking(smke) while he is eating．
②He has a very tlerant(tlerate) attitude twards ther religins．
③They have a plicy f zer tlerance(tlerate) fr mistakes．
知识要点6 ppse vt．反对，抵制；与……对垒
(教材原句P25)Brrwed wrds are an utcme f language develpment that can hardly be avided，but sme language cmmunities ppse adpting wrds frm ther cultures．
虽然外来词是语言发展几乎难以避免的结果，但是一些语言群体反对从其他文化中吸收词汇。
[例] He gt angry when I ppsed his plan．
当我反对他的计划时，他生气了。
[知识拓展]
(1)be ppsed t反对；反抗
as ppsed t相对之下，与……对照下
(2)ppsitin n．反对，对立
in ppsitin t反对
[即学即练] 完成句子/单句语法填空
①His daughter is very athletic as ppsed t his sn(与他儿子相比)，wh is very clever．
②We are ppsed t the idea f driving the car t fast．
③They are n strike in ppsitin(ppse) t the lay­ff．
Sentence Patterns
重点句式1 this is because．．．
(教材原句P21)This is because the wrd that crrespnds t “umbrella” in Chinese sunds like anther Chinese wrd which means “t separate”．
这是因为汉语中与“伞”相对应的汉字听起来像另一个汉字，意思是“散”。
句式分析：本句中的this is because．．．表示“这是因为……”；because引导表语从句，后面跟的是表示原因的从句。
[例1] This is because they keep wrking every day．
这是因为他们每天都在工作。
[例2] This is because peple becme s hungry at nn that they eat t much fr lunch．
这是因为人们中午太饿了以至于午饭吃得特别多。
[知识拓展]
This/That is why．．．表示“这/那就是为什么……”，后面跟表示结果的从句。
The reasn why．．．is that．．．表示“……的原因是……”。
[即学即练] 句型转换/单句语法填空
①He was late fr schl．That was because he didn't catch the first bus．
→He didn't catch the first bus．That was why he was late fr schl．
→The reasn why he was late fr schl is that he didn't catch the first bus．
②That is why the cultural industry in China is needed．
重点句式2 the mre．．．，the mre．．．
(教材原句P25)The lnger a brrwed wrd has been in use，the mre it sunds and even lks like the native language．
借来的词使用的时间越长，听起来甚至看起来就越像母语。
句式分析：the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)句型表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，该句型意为“越……越……”。
[例1] The higher the altitude is，the thinner air becmes．
高度越高，空气就越稀薄。
[例2] The mre yu practice，the better yu can speak．
你练习得越多，你就能说得越好。
[知识拓展]
(1)前者相当于一个条件句，因此，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。
(2)the mre．．．，the mre．．．越……，就越……
the mre．．．，the less．．．越……，越不……
the less．．．，the mre．．．越不……，就越……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The harder yu wrk，the greater(great) prgress yu will make．
②The lnger(lng) the war lasts，the mre the peple there will suffer．
③The less he wrried，the better he wrked(工作就干得越好)．
标题归纳题
标题归纳题在英语阅读理解题中属于主旨大意题，是深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。
[例文]
Of the many influences n human behavir，scial influences are the mst widespread．The main influence n peple is peple．When we hear the wrds，scial influence，mst f us think f deliberate attempts f smene t persuade us t change ur actins r pinins．The TV ad cmes t mind．But many f the mst imprtant frms f scial influence are unintentinal，and sme f the effects we humans have n ne anther ccur as a result f the simple fact that we are in each ther's physical presence．
[方法技巧] 了解文章主要论题的关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来，即为全文的主题句。
◆Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Cactin Makes Faster
B．Scial Influence
C．An Interesting Observatin
D．Effect f Audience Presence
[答案] B
[即学即练]
Lsing weight cmes with a lt f health benefits—including making yur brain sharper．Yes，it turns ut that verweight may damage cgnitive functins such as memry and attentin．There have been few studies f verweight and cgnitive functining，pssibly because it is generally believed that it is nt a primary risk cause fr pr cgnitive perfrmance．Lsing weight，therefre，may help imprve these mental functins，accrding t a new research led by Jhn Gunstad，assistant prfessr f psychlgy at Kent State University．
◆Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Bdy Weight and Health
B．Lsing Weight by Operatin
C．Ways t Imprve Mental Functins
D．Lsing Weight t Sharpen Yur Mind
[答案] D