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2022年湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团中考英语二模试卷(word版含答案)
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这是一份2022年湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团中考英语二模试卷(word版含答案)，共34页。试卷主要包含了 imprtant.等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022年湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团中考英语二模试卷
第二部分阅读（共三节，满分 50 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1．（4分）
Miramar Hotel
Restaurant & Cafe，a swimming pool，KTV，Clothing store，Reading room
Travel plans
*Day 1：
Morning：land at Singapore Changi Airport
Afternoon：take a bus tour of the island
Evening：have a party in the KTV
*Day 2：
Morning：visit the National Museum
Afternoon：take the car to Sentosa Island
*Day 3：
Morning：take a walking tour of old Singapore，including Chinatown
Afternoon：take a boat trip around the island
*Day 4：
Morning：free time for shopping
Evening：return by air
Date of Departure（出发） Price
Saturday，July 23，2022￥3，220
Sunday，July 24，2022￥3，100
Friday，July 29，2022￥3，000
Saturday，July 30，2022￥2，900
（1）Which statement is TRUE according to the travel advertisement？
A.Travelers in this tour group will go to Singapore by bus.
B.Travelers in this group will take a boat trip in Chinatown.
C.Travelers have some free time for shopping during the last day.
（2）Liu Xin is not free in August.If he wants to travel to Singapore with his wife according to the above plan，how much will they pay for the trip at least？
A. ￥5，800.
B. ￥6，000.
C. ￥6，200.
2．（6分）
Upside﹣down gardening
植物"知道"上和下吗？
You can test whether a plant knows which way is up and which way is down.
①Cut one carol 2 cm from is large end.Cut the other carrot 5 cm from its large end；ask helper to hollow it out（挖空） with knife and tweezers.
②Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it on a glass and pour water in hollow center.Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it over bowl with cut end in water.
You'll need
•Two large，fresh carrots
•Toothpicks（牙签）
•Large glass
•Small bowl
•Small sharp knife
•Tweezers（镊子）
Adult helper
③For two weeks，keep water in bowl so it touches carrot top；also keep carrot top's hollow center filled with water.
What happened？Both carrots should grow leaves and stems（茎）
Instead of growing downward，the leaves on the large carrot will top's and grow upward.
（1）To do the experiment，we need the following things EXCEPT ．
A.toothbrushes
B.a sharp knife
C.some water
（2）We do the experiment to make sure ．
A.how to grow carrots easily
B.carrot cannot grow without water
C.plants know which way is up
（3）Which statement is WRONG according to the experiment？
A.We need to cut both carrots from the large end with the sharp knife.
B.We need to sit the larger carrot top over the bowl with the cut end in water.
C.We need to spend 14 days watching the carrots growing and getting the result.
3．（10分）If life can be compared to a meal，I think the mistakes are like salt and the success is a candy.
"Hey，" said the boy whose name I couldn't remember，sitting next to me. "Don't worry.Take your time." And so I did.But I still couldn't correctly pronounce my Chinese name that was given by the teacher.I was so embarrassed on my first day of learning Chinese.I was so worried that I didn't sleep well that night.I couldn't stop thinking what would happen in my Chinese class in the following days.
I took Chinese classes during my summer vacation.Every morning I walked for 25 minutes to the class while having a Chinese pancake from one of the breakfast carts （ 推车） on the way.Learning Spanish in school was a job for me，because I could speak French and Italian which helped me with it.However，learning Chinese was difficult at first.As a boy who was born in America and grew up in America，I knew nothing about the language and had no experience of learning the language.I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad.It is necessary for me to master different languages cushy. As the classes went on，I slowly found that I was making connections.My 10 years of playing the piano has allowed me to perform for others.My several years of writing has led me to become a school reporter.I knew that my Chinese classes would allow me to speak Chinese well.As the teachers helped me build up the confidence，I soon began tasting the sweetness.
So what did my summer really taste like？It tasted like the Chinese food that，for the first time，I did not order in English，my mother language.
（1）Why did the writer feel embarrassed in his first Chinese class？
A.Because he didn't remember his friend's name.
B.Because he couldn't write his Chinese name.
C.Because he had poor Chinese pronunciation.
（2）The underlined word "cushy" in Paragraph 3 most probably means ．
A.difficult
B.easy
C.meaningful
（3）Why did the writer learn Chinese？
A.Because Chinese is one of his school necessary subjects.
B.Because he wanted to teach and work internationally.
C.Because he was interested in all kinds of Chinese food.
（4）What do we know about the writer according to the passage？
A.He is good at playing the piano.
B.He can speak two languages.
C.He is interested in writing and painting.
（5）What does this passage mainly talk about？
A.An American girl who loves China.
B.How to learn Chinese well.
C.A sweet experience of learning Chinese.
4．（10分）Among all traditional Chinese operas，types of facial makeup（ 脸谱）in Peking Opera have developed into the most well﹣known one.It is popular around the world，and has been seen as the symbol of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation.Different colors are used to show different characters，but at first，only three colors were used：red，white and black.
Red is generally used to show that a person is honest and loyal（忠诚的）.In fact，the red was firstly just to show the color of people's skin.Because many roles use red and black to show they're very brave and honest，red slowly has another meaning.A famous "red full face" is Guan Yu，known for his loyalty to Liu Bei.He regarded Liu Bei as his elder brother.They fought side by side and supported each other.Guan Yu，together with Zhang Fei protected Liu Bei from every danger.
The role with the white face commonly seen is bad in human nature.The well﹣known character is Cao Cao，who was powerful but cruel in the time of the "Three Kingdoms".Another famous character is the Prime Minister Qin Hui in the Song Dynasty.The national hero Yue Fei was secretly killed in the prison by him.
The black face shows either a rude and brave character or a fair and selfless character.Famous characters are Zhang Fei with a black cross butterfly face of Romance of the Three Kingdoms（《三国演义》） and Li Kui of Water Margin（《水浒传》）.Zhang Fei is a general who served Liu Bei.His bravery was also greatly praised.Li Kui enjoyed fighting and was feared by many people who met him.
Later，other colors are added to them，such as purple for justice （正义）；yellow used for soldiers，means bravery；blue，showing that a character has a strong personality.
（1）At first，the three colors of the facial makeup in Peking Opera were .
A.red，gold and purple
B.red，white and blue
C.red，white and black
（2）Who is widely known for his bravery and honesty？
A.Guan Yu.
B.Cao Cao.
C.Zhang Fei.
（3）Why does the role of Qin Hui have a white face？
A.Because he was fair and cruel.
B.Because he was killed by Yue Fei.
C.Because he put national hero to death.
（4）From the passage we know Bao Zheng，the fearless and fair official of the Song Dynasty，should have a .
A.white face
B.black face
C.yellow face
（5）The best title of the passage is .
A.The Traditional Chinese Operas
B.The Introduction to the Heroes in Beijing Opera
C.The Relationship Between Facial Colors and Characters
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。
5．（10分）A comfort zone（舒适圈） is a place，activity or a situation in which people won't feel nervous and the things are within their ability or control.Breaking out of a comfort zone usually fills him or her with nervousness and worry.
（1） .
Get information.To break through your comfort zone，you need to first educate yourself.Your goal here is to find out whatever skills you are looking for.（2） .You can also talk to people who have done the same thing.
Have a plan.After educating yourself，it is important to create a plan of action.With this step，you are going to write down a plan for how you are going to break through your comfort zone.You first start with the easiest thing to do，then you create a plan to get to each level.You need to create standards，and these are many goals that put you one step close to pushing past your comfort zone.
（3） .This is an important step because people in your life will always encourage you to keep going on.They will make it hard for you to give up.Because you know you will look foolish if you did.
Remain positive（ 乐观的）.There will be times when you experience a result which is not positive，（4） .The trick is to not let anything prevent you from pushing past the point of comfort.Realize that you will have bad results.It is a natural part of the process.
Keep enlarging your comfort zone.Look for new challenges.Find a task that you never imagined you would do，like teaching a class on the subject that filled you with fear.Or you could work on the related skill.
A famous American writer Neale Donald Walsch once said， "Life begins at the end of your comfort zone"，（5） ．
A.so get out of your comfort zone and you can make a big difference to your life
B.Have people around you know your plan
C.Here are some ways to break out of a comfort zone without going far
D.something that shakes your confidence and makes you feel scared
E.You can read books and check out articles on the Internet about the goal
第三节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
6．（10分）
Eating Together，Separately
Separate dining is common in the western culture，while in China，unlike that in western countries，a grouped dining system is much more preferred，whether dining at home or eating out.
However，the COVID﹣19 has challenged the Chinese dining tradition of sharing dishes together，which inspires the government，restaurants and citizens to rethink about eating customs.
Standards on individual（个人） dining，serving chopsticks（公筷） and two pairs of chopsticks came out on March 18.Here are the main points.
*Individual diners' food should be served to customers in separate plate and chopsticks.
*Each shared dish should be served with a separate pair of serving chopsticks.
*Each diner（就餐者） should have two pairs of differently colored chopsticks.One is to get food from shared dishes to place into individual bowls，and the other is for eating from individual bowls.
The above new standards aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.Over 200 companies have followed the guidelines.In order to encourage customers to follow the standards，some restaurants offer parking coupons（优惠券） to those who use serving chopsticks.
For Chinese，it is not easy to change their dining behavior as they think eating together is a tradition.When they share the food，they are building up a close relationship among diners.Besides，it is difficult to divide Chinese dishes into separate parts.
Eating separately is a break from tradition，but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health.People can still sit at the same table，sharing the same food and the same culture in a new way.It also encourages advanced cooking skills，which means a chance of creating something new in Chinese food.
（1）Is a grouped dining system more popular in western countries？
（2）When did the standards on individual dining come out？
（3）What is the purpose of the new standards？
（4）How do some restaurants encourage customers to use serving chopsticks？
（5）Why is it difficult to change Chinese dining behavior？
第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分 35 分）第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
7．（15分）A book，a story，a thing or a person can change your mind.Patricia﹣a 24﹣year﹣old girl had no idea what would happen when she went on holiday in Spain.She had just graduated from a university.To celebrate her graduation，she and her friends went to Spain to relax before their busy lives as （1） .But she didn't like this job at that time because she thought compared with doctors，nurses seem to be（2） important.
On the first day，Patricia decided to go to the pool to read some books after lunch.As she was（3） there，deep in her book，she heard a sudden noise.And the man next to her jumped out of his chair and（4） out， "A boy is drowning!Help！" The man then ran to the pool and pulled out a young child from the water.He wasn't moving.
At first，Patricia didn't do anything. "Surely there was someone more experienced than（5） to help this child，" she thought.She（6） and saw that no one was coming.It had to be her.
Patricia threw down her book and ran to the child.She pushed the man aside and（7） said， "I'm a nurse." At the moment，she felt that the words were true.She began administering CPR（实施心肺复苏术）.A few minutes later，the boy coughed and spat（吐） up the water.（8） the boy sat up，his parents were finally there and Patricia left quietly，happy to allow the boy to be with his（9） again.
After that（10） event，Patricia finally understood that nursing was certainly what she wanted to do.
（1）A.doctors
B.nurses
C.teachers
（2）A.better
B.more
C.less
（3）A.lying
B.swimming
C.sleeping
（4）A.laughed
B.called
C.pointed
（5）A.me
B.him
C.her
（6）A.looked up
B.looked after
C.looked around
（7）A.patiently
B.calmly
C.angrily
（8）A.Because
B.Since
C.As
（9）A.friends
B.family
C.classmates
（10）A.shocking
B.surprising
C.wonderful
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
8．（10分）
New Law Helps Parents Better Guide Kids
Parents are teachers for their kids all their life，and family education can decide what type of person a child will grow up to be.（1） ，not every family has enough resources（资源） and skills to provide their kids （2） proper family education.
Now there is something professional to guide them.On January 1st，2022，China's（3） （one） law on family education came into force.This will give parents many（4） （instruct）．
The family education promotion law has six chapters and 55 articles.They guide parents and guardians and tell them how to（5） （proper） bring up kids.The law says parents should follow scientific methods and ideas in order to become good parents.A public system has also been set up
（6） （improve） the quality of family education.When parents get into difficulties，they can turn to the system for help.
With the law，parents' wrongdoings can be corrected.When parents refuse to fulfill their parental responsibilities，the law won't punish them，like asking them to pay a fine or sending them to prison.Instead，it（7） （teach） them what to do and help them better practice family education.
The law responds to public worries and questions over the "double reduction" policy.It will improve cooperation between schools and parents，help reduce the pressure on（8） （child），improve the quality of education，and better protect students' rights.
Rather than high schools，students' mental and physical health should（9） （put） in the first place during their growing﹣up years，just as has been said in（10） new law.
第三节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
9．（10分）Ernest Hemingway（欧内斯特•海明威） （1899﹣1961），a famous American writer，seemed to live to write，and to express himself. （1）He is considered as one of the most important and well﹣known writers of the 20th century. Born on July 21st，1899 in Chicago，Hemingway was in a nice family—his father was a doctor，and mother a musician.Hemingway became a reporter after graduating from high school.When the first world war broke out，he went to Italy and worked for the Red Cross as an ambulance driver.He was seriously wounded in the war and got the Italian Silver Medal of Bravery when he was only 18 years old.
In 1919 Hemingway returned to the United States and began creating some of the finest American Literature ever written. "（2） The world is a fine place and worth fighting for. And I hate very much to leave it." This quote（引语） is an excellent representation（代表） of the way Hemingway lived his life.From his time as a soldier and war reporter to his adventures in Paris and Cuba，Hemingway saw much of the world and used his experience to form his writing style.Even after more than 120 years，（3）他的作品继续影响着当今的作者和读者。
Hemingway's writing style is minimal（极简的）.He invented the term "iceberg theory（冰山理论）" to describe his writing.It means hiding deeper meaning under the surface of one's writing can make it more impressive，just like how most of an iceberg's mass is hidden under the surface of the ocean.
For example，（4）it is said that Hemingway was once asked to write a complete story in 10 words. He replied with， "For sale：baby shoes，never worn." In this one simple sentence，he tells a sad story of losing a child.（5）它是海明威写作风格的一个完美的例子。
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
七、解答题（共1小题，满分15分）
10．（15分）最近教育部发文要求中小学校开展劳动教育必修课，并且规定了中小学每周课外活动和家庭生活中的劳动时间。其中小学 1﹣2 年级不少于 2 小时，其它年级不少于 3 小时。劳动教育已然成为孩子成长中不可或缺的一门课程。请你写一篇小短文，介绍你做家务劳动的经历及感悟。要点如下：
（1）你最擅长的一种家务及喜欢此家务活的原因；
（2）一次做此项家务的难忘经历；
（3）你的收获或感悟。
注意：
（1）80 词左右；
（2）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名。
_________________________________
2022年湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团中考英语二模试卷
参考答案与详解
第二部分阅读（共三节，满分 50 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1．（4分）
Miramar Hotel
Restaurant & Cafe，a swimming pool，KTV，Clothing store，Reading room
Travel plans
*Day 1：
Morning：land at Singapore Changi Airport
Afternoon：take a bus tour of the island
Evening：have a party in the KTV
*Day 2：
Morning：visit the National Museum
Afternoon：take the car to Sentosa Island
*Day 3：
Morning：take a walking tour of old Singapore，including Chinatown
Afternoon：take a boat trip around the island
*Day 4：
Morning：free time for shopping
Evening：return by air
Date of Departure（出发） Price
Saturday，July 23，2022￥3，220
Sunday，July 24，2022￥3，100
Friday，July 29，2022￥3，000
Saturday，July 30，2022￥2，900
（1）Which statement is TRUE according to the travel advertisement？ C
A.Travelers in this tour group will go to Singapore by bus.
B.Travelers in this group will take a boat trip in Chinatown.
C.Travelers have some free time for shopping during the last day.
（2）Liu Xin is not free in August.If he wants to travel to Singapore with his wife according to the above plan，how much will they pay for the trip at least？ C
A. ￥5，800.
B. ￥6，000.
C. ￥6，200.
【分析】本文主要介绍了到新加坡的旅行计划。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据Day 4：Morning：free time for shopping（第四天：上午：自由购物时间）可知，旅行者在最后一天有一些自由时间购物。故选C。
（1）推理计算题。根据Sunday，July 24，2022￥3，100（2022年7月24日星期日￥3100）可知，刘鑫八月份没空，他只能选择7月23日或7月24日去，如果想少花钱，最好选择7月24日去，每人3100元，两人共6200元。故选C。
2．（6分）
Upside﹣down gardening
植物"知道"上和下吗？
You can test whether a plant knows which way is up and which way is down.
①Cut one carol 2 cm from is large end.Cut the other carrot 5 cm from its large end；ask helper to hollow it out（挖空） with knife and tweezers.
②Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it on a glass and pour water in hollow center.Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it over bowl with cut end in water.
You'll need
•Two large，fresh carrots
•Toothpicks（牙签）
•Large glass
•Small bowl
•Small sharp knife
•Tweezers（镊子）
Adult helper
③For two weeks，keep water in bowl so it touches carrot top；also keep carrot top's hollow center filled with water.
What happened？Both carrots should grow leaves and stems（茎）
Instead of growing downward，the leaves on the large carrot will top's and grow upward.
（1）To do the experiment，we need the following things EXCEPT A ．
A.toothbrushes
B.a sharp knife
C.some water
（2）We do the experiment to make sure C ．
A.how to grow carrots easily
B.carrot cannot grow without water
C.plants know which way is up
（3）Which statement is WRONG according to the experiment？ B
A.We need to cut both carrots from the large end with the sharp knife.
B.We need to sit the larger carrot top over the bowl with the cut end in water.
C.We need to spend 14 days watching the carrots growing and getting the result.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了如何测试植物是否知道哪个方向是向上的，哪个方向是向下的，以及实验所需的材料、实验步骤以及实验结果。
【解答】（1）细节判断题。根据表格中You'll need Two large，fresh carrot Toothpicks Large glass Small bowl Small sharp knife Tweezers（你需要：两个大的新鲜胡萝卜、牙签、大玻璃杯、小碗、小尖刀、镊子。）以及Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it over bowl with cut end in water.（将牙签插入胡萝卜顶部，然后将其放在碗上，切端放入水中。）可知，做实验不需要牙刷。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格中You can test whether a plant knows which way is up and which way is down.（你可以测试植物是否知道哪个方向是向上的，哪个方向是向下的。）可知，我们做实验是为了确保植物知道哪个方向是向上的。故选C。
（3）正误判断题。根据表格中Cut one carrot 2 cm from is large end.Cut the other carrot 5 cm from its large end.（将一根胡萝卜从大端切开2厘米。将另一根胡萝卜从大端切开5厘米。）以及Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it over bowl with cut end in water.（将牙签插入胡萝卜顶部，然后将其放在碗上，切端放入水中。）可知，B项，我们需要将较大的胡萝卜顶部放在碗上，切端放在水中。表述错误。故选B。
3．（10分）If life can be compared to a meal，I think the mistakes are like salt and the success is a candy.
"Hey，" said the boy whose name I couldn't remember，sitting next to me. "Don't worry.Take your time." And so I did.But I still couldn't correctly pronounce my Chinese name that was given by the teacher.I was so embarrassed on my first day of learning Chinese.I was so worried that I didn't sleep well that night.I couldn't stop thinking what would happen in my Chinese class in the following days.
I took Chinese classes during my summer vacation.Every morning I walked for 25 minutes to the class while having a Chinese pancake from one of the breakfast carts （ 推车） on the way.Learning Spanish in school was a job for me，because I could speak French and Italian which helped me with it.However，learning Chinese was difficult at first.As a boy who was born in America and grew up in America，I knew nothing about the language and had no experience of learning the language.I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad.It is necessary for me to master different languages cushy. As the classes went on，I slowly found that I was making connections.My 10 years of playing the piano has allowed me to perform for others.My several years of writing has led me to become a school reporter.I knew that my Chinese classes would allow me to speak Chinese well.As the teachers helped me build up the confidence，I soon began tasting the sweetness.
So what did my summer really taste like？It tasted like the Chinese food that，for the first time，I did not order in English，my mother language.
（1）Why did the writer feel embarrassed in his first Chinese class？ C
A.Because he didn't remember his friend's name.
B.Because he couldn't write his Chinese name.
C.Because he had poor Chinese pronunciation.
（2）The underlined word "cushy" in Paragraph 3 most probably means B ．
A.difficult
B.easy
C.meaningful
（3）Why did the writer learn Chinese？ B
A.Because Chinese is one of his school necessary subjects.
B.Because he wanted to teach and work internationally.
C.Because he was interested in all kinds of Chinese food.
（4）What do we know about the writer according to the passage？ A
A.He is good at playing the piano.
B.He can speak two languages.
C.He is interested in writing and painting.
（5）What does this passage mainly talk about？ C
A.An American girl who loves China.
B.How to learn Chinese well.
C.A sweet experience of learning Chinese.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了作者暑期学中文的过程。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据But I still couldn't correctly pronounce my Chinese name that was given by the teacher.I was so embarrassed on my first day of learning Chinese.（但是老师给我的中文名字我还是不能正确发音。我第一天学中文的时候好尴尬。）可知，作者在第一节汉语课上感到很尴尬，因为他的汉语发音很差。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad.It is necessary for me to master different languages cushy.As the classes went on，I slowly found that I was making connections.（我选择它主要是因为我的目标是在国内外工作和教学。我有必要﹣﹣﹣掌握不同的语言。随着课程的继续，我慢慢地发现我在建立联系。）联系前后句可猜测出下划线单词cushy的意思应为：轻松地。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad.（我选择它主要是因为我的目标是在国际上教学和工作。）可知作者学习汉语是因为他想在国际上教学和工作。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据My 10 years of playing the piano has allowed me to perform for others.（我10年弹钢琴的经验让我可以为他人演奏。）由此可知，A项作者擅长弹钢琴，符合题意。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。通读全文，根据 knew that my Chinese classes would allow me to speak Chinese well.As the teachers helped me build up the confidence，I soon began tasting the sweetness.（我知道我的中文课可以让我说一口好中文。在老师们帮助我树立信心的同时，我很快就开始尝到甜头了。）可知文章主要讲述了作者学习汉语的甜蜜体验。故选C。
4．（10分）Among all traditional Chinese operas，types of facial makeup（ 脸谱）in Peking Opera have developed into the most well﹣known one.It is popular around the world，and has been seen as the symbol of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation.Different colors are used to show different characters，but at first，only three colors were used：red，white and black.
Red is generally used to show that a person is honest and loyal（忠诚的）.In fact，the red was firstly just to show the color of people's skin.Because many roles use red and black to show they're very brave and honest，red slowly has another meaning.A famous "red full face" is Guan Yu，known for his loyalty to Liu Bei.He regarded Liu Bei as his elder brother.They fought side by side and supported each other.Guan Yu，together with Zhang Fei protected Liu Bei from every danger.
The role with the white face commonly seen is bad in human nature.The well﹣known character is Cao Cao，who was powerful but cruel in the time of the "Three Kingdoms".Another famous character is the Prime Minister Qin Hui in the Song Dynasty.The national hero Yue Fei was secretly killed in the prison by him.
The black face shows either a rude and brave character or a fair and selfless character.Famous characters are Zhang Fei with a black cross butterfly face of Romance of the Three Kingdoms（《三国演义》） and Li Kui of Water Margin（《水浒传》）.Zhang Fei is a general who served Liu Bei.His bravery was also greatly praised.Li Kui enjoyed fighting and was feared by many people who met him.
Later，other colors are added to them，such as purple for justice （正义）；yellow used for soldiers，means bravery；blue，showing that a character has a strong personality.
（1）At first，the three colors of the facial makeup in Peking Opera were C .
A.red，gold and purple
B.red，white and blue
C.red，white and black
（2）Who is widely known for his bravery and honesty？ A
A.Guan Yu.
B.Cao Cao.
C.Zhang Fei.
（3）Why does the role of Qin Hui have a white face？ C
A.Because he was fair and cruel.
B.Because he was killed by Yue Fei.
C.Because he put national hero to death.
（4）From the passage we know Bao Zheng，the fearless and fair official of the Song Dynasty，should have a B .
A.white face
B.black face
C.yellow face
（5）The best title of the passage is C .
A.The Traditional Chinese Operas
B.The Introduction to the Heroes in Beijing Opera
C.The Relationship Between Facial Colors and Characters
【分析】文章主要介绍了京剧脸谱的不同颜色代表着不同的人物性格，观众可以通过颜色清晰地分辨出其代表的含义。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据but at first，only three colors were used：red，white and black.（但一开始只用了三种颜色：红、白、黑。）可知，最开始只用了红色、白色和黑色。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Because many roles use red and black to show they're very brave and honest，red slowly has another meaning.A famous "red full face" is Guan Yu，known for his loyalty to Liu Bei.（因为许多角色用红色和黑色来表示他们非常勇敢和诚实，所以红色慢慢有了另一层含义。一个著名的"红脸"就是关羽，以忠于刘备著称。）可知，关羽因勇敢和诚实而广为人知。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据Another famous character is the Prime Minister Qin Hui in the Song Dynasty.The national hero Yue Fei was secretly killed in the prison by him.（另一个著名的人物是宋朝的宰相秦桧。民族英雄岳飞在狱中被他秘密杀害。）可知，秦桧之所以有一张白脸是因为他处死了民族英雄岳飞。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据The black face shows either a rude and brave character or a fair and selfless character.（黑脸要么表现出粗鲁勇敢的性格，要么表现出公正无私的性格。）可知，公正无私的包拯应有一张黑脸。B选项正确。故选B。
（5）标题归纳题。根据Different colors are used to show different characters，（不同的颜色用于显示不同的性格，）结合全文可知，文章的最佳标题应是"面部颜色与性格的关系"。C选项正确。故选C。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。
5．（10分）A comfort zone（舒适圈） is a place，activity or a situation in which people won't feel nervous and the things are within their ability or control.Breaking out of a comfort zone usually fills him or her with nervousness and worry.
（1） C .
Get information.To break through your comfort zone，you need to first educate yourself.Your goal here is to find out whatever skills you are looking for.（2） E .You can also talk to people who have done the same thing.
Have a plan.After educating yourself，it is important to create a plan of action.With this step，you are going to write down a plan for how you are going to break through your comfort zone.You first start with the easiest thing to do，then you create a plan to get to each level.You need to create standards，and these are many goals that put you one step close to pushing past your comfort zone.
（3） B .This is an important step because people in your life will always encourage you to keep going on.They will make it hard for you to give up.Because you know you will look foolish if you did.
Remain positive（ 乐观的）.There will be times when you experience a result which is not positive，（4） D .The trick is to not let anything prevent you from pushing past the point of comfort.Realize that you will have bad results.It is a natural part of the process.
Keep enlarging your comfort zone.Look for new challenges.Find a task that you never imagined you would do，like teaching a class on the subject that filled you with fear.Or you could work on the related skill.
A famous American writer Neale Donald Walsch once said， "Life begins at the end of your comfort zone"，（5） A ．
A.so get out of your comfort zone and you can make a big difference to your life
B.Have people around you know your plan
C.Here are some ways to break out of a comfort zone without going far
D.something that shakes your confidence and makes you feel scared
E.You can read books and check out articles on the Internet about the goal
【分析】本文主要告诉我们要走出你的舒适区，接受新思想的方式，这才是我们生活的精彩之处。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据前句Breaking out of a comfort zone usually fills him or her with nervousness and worry.（打破舒适区通常会让他或她感到紧张和担忧。）及其后文内容，可知说的是大批舒适区，结合选项，应说以下是一些不用走多远就能突破舒适区的方法。故选C。
（2）根据前句Your goal here is to find out whatever skills you are looking for.（你的目标是找出你想要的技能。）可知说的是目标，结合选项，应说你可以在互联网上阅读有关目标的书籍和文章。故选E。
（3）根据后句This is an important step because people in your life will always encourage you to keep going on.They will make it hard for you to give up.（这是重要的一步，因为你生活中的人总是鼓励你继续前进。他们会让你很难放弃。）可知说的是周围的人，结合选项，应说让你周围的人知道你的计划。故选B。
（4）根据前句There will be times when you experience a result which is not positive，（有时你会经历一个不积极的结果，）可知说的是不积极的结果，结合选项，应说这会动摇你的信心，让你感到害怕。故选D。
（5）根据前句A famous American writer Neale Donald Walsch once said， "Life begins at the end of your comfort zone，（美国著名作家尼尔•唐纳德•沃尔什曾经说过："生活从你舒适区的尽头开始，）可知说的是一位作家的话，结合选项，应说所以，走出你的舒适区，你就能给你的生活带来巨大的改变。故选A。
第三节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
6．（10分）
Eating Together，Separately
Separate dining is common in the western culture，while in China，unlike that in western countries，a grouped dining system is much more preferred，whether dining at home or eating out.
However，the COVID﹣19 has challenged the Chinese dining tradition of sharing dishes together，which inspires the government，restaurants and citizens to rethink about eating customs.
Standards on individual（个人） dining，serving chopsticks（公筷） and two pairs of chopsticks came out on March 18.Here are the main points.
*Individual diners' food should be served to customers in separate plate and chopsticks.
*Each shared dish should be served with a separate pair of serving chopsticks.
*Each diner（就餐者） should have two pairs of differently colored chopsticks.One is to get food from shared dishes to place into individual bowls，and the other is for eating from individual bowls.
The above new standards aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.Over 200 companies have followed the guidelines.In order to encourage customers to follow the standards，some restaurants offer parking coupons（优惠券） to those who use serving chopsticks.
For Chinese，it is not easy to change their dining behavior as they think eating together is a tradition.When they share the food，they are building up a close relationship among diners.Besides，it is difficult to divide Chinese dishes into separate parts.
Eating separately is a break from tradition，but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health.People can still sit at the same table，sharing the same food and the same culture in a new way.It also encourages advanced cooking skills，which means a chance of creating something new in Chinese food.
（1）Is a grouped dining system more popular in western countries？
No ，it isn′t.
（2）When did the standards on individual dining come out？
On March18.
（3）What is the purpose of the new standards？
They aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.
（4）How do some restaurants encourage customers to use serving chopsticks？
They offer parking coupons to those who use serving chopsticks.
（5）Why is it difficult to change Chinese dining behavior？
Because Chinese people think the grouped dining system is a tradition.
【分析】本文主要讲述了分餐吃这种就餐方式的相关情况。
【解答】（1）细节判断题。根据while in China，unlike that in western countries，a grouped dining system is much more preferred，whether dining at home or eating out.（而在中国，与西方国家不同的是，无论是在家还是在外就餐，分组用餐系统都更受欢迎。）可判断出，分组用餐制在西方国家更不受欢迎，故填：No ，it isn′t.
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Standards on individual dining，serving chopsticks and two pairs of chopsticks came out on March 18.（3月18日，《个人用餐、上菜筷子和双筷子标准》出台。）可知，个人用餐标准是3月18日出台的，故填：On March 18.
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中The above new standards aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.（上述新标准旨在以科学、实用的方式保护公众健康。）可知，新标准的目的是旨在以科学和实用的方式保护公众健康，故填：They aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段中In order to encourage customers to follow the standards，some restaurants offer parking coupons to those who use serving chopsticks.（为了鼓励顾客遵守标准，一些餐馆向使用筷子的顾客提供停车券。）可知，为了鼓励顾客遵守这一标准，一些餐馆向使用筷子的顾客提供停车券，故填：They offer parking coupons to those who use serving chopsticks.
（5）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中For Chinese，it is not easy to change their dining behavior as they think eating together is a tradition.（对于中国人来说，改变他们的就餐行为并不容易，因为他们认为一起吃饭是一种传统。）可知，改变中国人的就餐行为很难是因为中国人认为分餐制是一种传统。故填：Because Chinese people think the grouped dining system is a tradition.
第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分 35 分）第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
7．（15分）A book，a story，a thing or a person can change your mind.Patricia﹣a 24﹣year﹣old girl had no idea what would happen when she went on holiday in Spain.She had just graduated from a university.To celebrate her graduation，she and her friends went to Spain to relax before their busy lives as （1） B .But she didn't like this job at that time because she thought compared with doctors，nurses seem to be（2） C important.
On the first day，Patricia decided to go to the pool to read some books after lunch.As she was（3） A there，deep in her book，she heard a sudden noise.And the man next to her jumped out of his chair and（4） B out， "A boy is drowning!Help！" The man then ran to the pool and pulled out a young child from the water.He wasn't moving.
At first，Patricia didn't do anything. "Surely there was someone more experienced than（5） A to help this child，" she thought.She（6） C and saw that no one was coming.It had to be her.
Patricia threw down her book and ran to the child.She pushed the man aside and（7） B said， "I'm a nurse." At the moment，she felt that the words were true.She began administering CPR（实施心肺复苏术）.A few minutes later，the boy coughed and spat（吐） up the water.（8） C the boy sat up，his parents were finally there and Patricia left quietly，happy to allow the boy to be with his（9） B again.
After that（10） A event，Patricia finally understood that nursing was certainly what she wanted to do.
（1）A.doctors
B.nurses
C.teachers
（2）A.better
B.more
C.less
（3）A.lying
B.swimming
C.sleeping
（4）A.laughed
B.called
C.pointed
（5）A.me
B.him
C.her
（6）A.looked up
B.looked after
C.looked around
（7）A.patiently
B.calmly
C.angrily
（8）A.Because
B.Since
C.As
（9）A.friends
B.family
C.classmates
（10）A.shocking
B.surprising
C.wonderful
【分析】本文讲述了主人翁Patricia从护士学校毕业后和同伴们去西班牙度假。在度假的第一天Patricia勇敢的用自己的护理技能拯救了一名落水儿童。
【解答】（1）名词辨析。A.医生，B.护士，C.教师，根据I'm a nurse.（我是个护士。）可知句意：为了庆祝她的毕业典礼，她和她的朋友们在繁忙的护士生活前去西班牙放松。故选B。
（2）形容词辨析。A.更好的，B.更多的，C.更少的，根据she didn't like this job at that time（她当时不喜欢这份工作）可知句意：但她当时不喜欢这份工作，因为她认为与医生相比，护士似乎不那么重要。故选C。
（3）动词辨析。A.躺着，B.游泳，C.睡觉，结合语境可知句意：当她躺在那里，埋头看书时，突然听到一声巨响。故选A。
（4）动词辨析。A.笑，B.叫，C.指出，根据A boy is drowning!Help！（一个男孩溺水了！救命！）可知句意：她旁边的那个男人从椅子上跳了起来，喊道："一个男孩溺水了！救命！"故选B。
（5）代词辨析。A.我，B.他，C.她，根据she thought.（她想）可知句意：肯定有比我更有经验的人来帮助这个孩子。故选A。
（6）短语辨析。A.抬头看，B.照顾，C.环顾四周，结合saw that no one was coming.（发现没有人来）可知句意：她环顾四周，发现没有人来。故选C。
（7）副词辨析。A.耐心地，B.冷静地，C.愤怒地，结合语境可知句意：她把那个男人推到一边，平静地说："我是个护士。"故选B。
（8）连词辨析。A.因为，B.自从，C.当……时候，结合语境可知句意：当男孩坐起来时，他的父母终于到了。故选C。
（9）名词辨析。A.朋友，B.家人，C.同学，根据his parents were finally there（他的父母终于到了）可知句意：很高兴让男孩再次与家人团聚。故选B。
（10）形容词辨析。A.令人震惊的，B.令人惊讶的，C.精彩的，结合语境可知句意：在那次令人震惊的事件之后，Patricia终于明白护士确定是她想要做的。故选A。
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
8．（10分）
New Law Helps Parents Better Guide Kids
Parents are teachers for their kids all their life，and family education can decide what type of person a child will grow up to be.（1） However ，not every family has enough resources（资源） and skills to provide their kids （2） with proper family education.
Now there is something professional to guide them.On January 1st，2022，China's（3） first （one） law on family education came into force.This will give parents many（4） instructions （instruct）．
The family education promotion law has six chapters and 55 articles.They guide parents and guardians and tell them how to（5） properly （proper） bring up kids.The law says parents should follow scientific methods and ideas in order to become good parents.A public system has also been set up
（6） Improving （improve） the quality of family education.When parents get into difficulties，they can turn to the system for help.
With the law，parents' wrongdoings can be corrected.When parents refuse to fulfill their parental responsibilities，the law won't punish them，like asking them to pay a fine or sending them to prison.Instead，it（7） teaches （teach） them what to do and help them better practice family education.
The law responds to public worries and questions over the "double reduction" policy.It will improve cooperation between schools and parents，help reduce the pressure on（8） children （child），improve the quality of education，and better protect students' rights.
Rather than high schools，students' mental and physical health should（9） be put （put） in the first place during their growing﹣up years，just as has been said in（10） a new law.
【分析】文章介绍了家庭教育的重要性，以及于2022年1月1日正式实施的中国首部家庭教育法。
【解答】（1）考查连词。根据句意，然而，并不是每个家庭都有足够的资源和技能为他们的孩子提供适当的家庭教育。上下文相反，用转折连词but或however，但这里有逗号隔开，所以只能用however，注意句首大写。故答案为：However。
（2）考查介词。根据句意，然而，并不是每个家庭都有足够的资源和技能为他们的孩子提供适当的家庭教育。provide sb.with sth.向某人提供某物。故答案为：with。
（3）考查数词。根据句意，2022年1月1日，中国首部家庭教育法正式实施。用序数词first，修饰名词law，第一部法案。故答案为：first。
（4）考查名词。根据句意，这将给父母很多指导。many常修饰可数名词的复数形式。故答案为：instructions。
（5）考查副词。根据句意，他们指导父母和监护人，告诉他们如何正确地抚养孩子。副词修饰动词。故答案为：properly。
（6）考查动名词。根据句意，提高家庭教育质量。这里要用动名词作主语。故答案为：Improving。
（7）考查动词。根据句意，相反，它教他们做什么，帮助他们更好地实践家庭教育。这里表示常态的事情要用一般现在时，主语为it，第三人称单数，所以用teaches。故答案为：teaches。
（8）考查名词。根据句意，它将促进学校和家长之间的合作，有助于减轻孩子的压力，提高教育质量，更好地保护学生的权利。child是可数名词，这里没有冠词修饰，所以用复数形式。故答案为：children。
（9）考查被动语态。根据句意，正如一项新法律所说，在他们的成长过程中，学生的身心健康应该放在首位，而不是高中。should be put in the first place应被放在首位，这是情态动词的被动语态，put与place是逻辑上的被动关系。故答案为：be put。
（10）考查冠词。根据句意，正如一项新法律所说，在他们的成长过程中，学生的身心健康应该放在首位，而不是高中。a new law一项新法律，new是非元音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故答案为：a。
第三节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
9．（10分）Ernest Hemingway（欧内斯特•海明威） （1899﹣1961），a famous American writer，seemed to live to write，and to express himself. （1）He is considered as one of the most important and well﹣known writers of the 20th century. Born on July 21st，1899 in Chicago，Hemingway was in a nice family—his father was a doctor，and mother a musician.Hemingway became a reporter after graduating from high school.When the first world war broke out，he went to Italy and worked for the Red Cross as an ambulance driver.He was seriously wounded in the war and got the Italian Silver Medal of Bravery when he was only 18 years old.
In 1919 Hemingway returned to the United States and began creating some of the finest American Literature ever written. "（2） The world is a fine place and worth fighting for. And I hate very much to leave it." This quote（引语） is an excellent representation（代表） of the way Hemingway lived his life.From his time as a soldier and war reporter to his adventures in Paris and Cuba，Hemingway saw much of the world and used his experience to form his writing style.Even after more than 120 years，（3）他的作品继续影响着当今的作者和读者。
Hemingway's writing style is minimal（极简的）.He invented the term "iceberg theory（冰山理论）" to describe his writing.It means hiding deeper meaning under the surface of one's writing can make it more impressive，just like how most of an iceberg's mass is hidden under the surface of the ocean.
For example，（4）it is said that Hemingway was once asked to write a complete story in 10 words. He replied with， "For sale：baby shoes，never worn." In this one simple sentence，he tells a sad story of losing a child.（5）它是海明威写作风格的一个完美的例子。
（1） 他被认为是20世纪最重要、最著名的作家之一。
（2） 世界是一个美好的地方，值得为之奋斗。
（3） His works continue to influence today's authors and readers.
（4） 据说Hemingway曾被要求用10个单词写一个完整的故事。
（5） It is a perfect example of Hemingway's writing style.
【分析】本文介绍了美国著名作家Hemingway的出生时间、地点、家庭状况、成员职业及他的生活经历和写作风格等。
【解答】（1）英译汉题。由英文分析句子结构，依据英译汉的习惯整理成汉语：他被认为是20世纪最重要、最著名的作家之一。故填：他被认为是20世纪最重要、最著名的作家之一。
（2）英译汉题。由英文The world is a fine place and worth fighting for.分析句子结构，此句是陈述句，使用句型：be worth doing sth.值得做某事，a fine place一个美好的地方；依据英译汉的习惯整理成汉语：世界是一个美好的地方，值得为之奋斗。故填：世界是一个美好的地方，值得为之奋斗。
（3）汉译英题。由汉语（他的作品继续影响着当今的作者和读者。）分析句子结构，此句是一般现在时陈述句，他的作品His works ，继续影响continue to influence，当今的作者和读者today's authors and readers；依据汉译英的习惯整理成英文：His works continue to influence today's authors and readers.故填：His works continue to influence today's authors and readers.
（4）英译汉题。由英文it is said that Hemingway was once asked to write a complete story in 10 words.分析句子结构，此句是主从复合句，it is said据说，that引导从句，was once asked 曾被要求，to write a complete story写一个完整的故事，in 10 words用10个单词；依据英译汉的习惯整理成汉语：据说Hemingway曾被要求用10个单词写一个完整的故事。故填：据说Hemingway曾被要求用10个单词写一个完整的故事。
（5）汉译英题。由汉语（它是海明威写作风格的一个完美的例子。）分析句子结构，此句是一般现在时陈述句，它是一个完美的例子It is a perfect example，海明威写作风格的of Hemingway's writing style；依据汉译英的习惯整理成英文：It is a perfect example of Hemingway's writing style.故填：It is a perfect example of Hemingway's writing style.
七、解答题（共1小题，满分15分）
10．（15分）最近教育部发文要求中小学校开展劳动教育必修课，并且规定了中小学每周课外活动和家庭生活中的劳动时间。其中小学 1﹣2 年级不少于 2 小时，其它年级不少于 3 小时。劳动教育已然成为孩子成长中不可或缺的一门课程。请你写一篇小短文，介绍你做家务劳动的经历及感悟。要点如下：
（1）你最擅长的一种家务及喜欢此家务活的原因；
（2）一次做此项家务的难忘经历；
（3）你的收获或感悟。
注意：
（1）80 词左右；
（2）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名。
_________________________________
【分析】【高分句型一】
I'm also willing to share the housework and I really do something.我也愿意分担家务，我真的做了一些事情。
be willing to do sth愿意做某事。
【高分句型二】
My life skills are developed，so I can take good care of myself.我的生活技能得到了发展，所以我可以照顾好自己。
take good care of 照顾好。
【解答】For middle school students，doing housework is a part of life.Most students often help parents sweep the floor every day and some usually take out the rubbish when they leave for school.I'm also willing to share the housework and I really do something. 【高分句型一】（家务劳动）For example，I usually do the dishes after meals.At first，I could not do it very well，but now I am able to do the dishes quickly and well.（分享自己的经历）
I've learned a lot from doing housework.My life skills are developed，so I can take good care of myself. 【高分句型二】Besides，it also makes me develop a good habit of loving labor.（感悟）
2022年湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团中考英语二模试卷
第二部分阅读（共三节，满分 50 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1．（4分）
Miramar Hotel
Restaurant & Cafe，a swimming pool，KTV，Clothing store，Reading room
Travel plans
*Day 1：
Morning：land at Singapore Changi Airport
Afternoon：take a bus tour of the island
Evening：have a party in the KTV
*Day 2：
Morning：visit the National Museum
Afternoon：take the car to Sentosa Island
*Day 3：
Morning：take a walking tour of old Singapore，including Chinatown
Afternoon：take a boat trip around the island
*Day 4：
Morning：free time for shopping
Evening：return by air
Date of Departure（出发） Price
Saturday，July 23，2022￥3，220
Sunday，July 24，2022￥3，100
Friday，July 29，2022￥3，000
Saturday，July 30，2022￥2，900
（1）Which statement is TRUE according to the travel advertisement？
A.Travelers in this tour group will go to Singapore by bus.
B.Travelers in this group will take a boat trip in Chinatown.
C.Travelers have some free time for shopping during the last day.
（2）Liu Xin is not free in August.If he wants to travel to Singapore with his wife according to the above plan，how much will they pay for the trip at least？
A. ￥5，800.
B. ￥6，000.
C. ￥6，200.
2．（6分）
Upside﹣down gardening
植物"知道"上和下吗？
You can test whether a plant knows which way is up and which way is down.
①Cut one carol 2 cm from is large end.Cut the other carrot 5 cm from its large end；ask helper to hollow it out（挖空） with knife and tweezers.
②Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it on a glass and pour water in hollow center.Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it over bowl with cut end in water.
You'll need
•Two large，fresh carrots
•Toothpicks（牙签）
•Large glass
•Small bowl
•Small sharp knife
•Tweezers（镊子）
Adult helper
③For two weeks，keep water in bowl so it touches carrot top；also keep carrot top's hollow center filled with water.
What happened？Both carrots should grow leaves and stems（茎）
Instead of growing downward，the leaves on the large carrot will top's and grow upward.
（1）To do the experiment，we need the following things EXCEPT ．
A.toothbrushes
B.a sharp knife
C.some water
（2）We do the experiment to make sure ．
A.how to grow carrots easily
B.carrot cannot grow without water
C.plants know which way is up
（3）Which statement is WRONG according to the experiment？
A.We need to cut both carrots from the large end with the sharp knife.
B.We need to sit the larger carrot top over the bowl with the cut end in water.
C.We need to spend 14 days watching the carrots growing and getting the result.
3．（10分）If life can be compared to a meal，I think the mistakes are like salt and the success is a candy.
"Hey，" said the boy whose name I couldn't remember，sitting next to me. "Don't worry.Take your time." And so I did.But I still couldn't correctly pronounce my Chinese name that was given by the teacher.I was so embarrassed on my first day of learning Chinese.I was so worried that I didn't sleep well that night.I couldn't stop thinking what would happen in my Chinese class in the following days.
I took Chinese classes during my summer vacation.Every morning I walked for 25 minutes to the class while having a Chinese pancake from one of the breakfast carts （ 推车） on the way.Learning Spanish in school was a job for me，because I could speak French and Italian which helped me with it.However，learning Chinese was difficult at first.As a boy who was born in America and grew up in America，I knew nothing about the language and had no experience of learning the language.I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad.It is necessary for me to master different languages cushy. As the classes went on，I slowly found that I was making connections.My 10 years of playing the piano has allowed me to perform for others.My several years of writing has led me to become a school reporter.I knew that my Chinese classes would allow me to speak Chinese well.As the teachers helped me build up the confidence，I soon began tasting the sweetness.
So what did my summer really taste like？It tasted like the Chinese food that，for the first time，I did not order in English，my mother language.
（1）Why did the writer feel embarrassed in his first Chinese class？
A.Because he didn't remember his friend's name.
B.Because he couldn't write his Chinese name.
C.Because he had poor Chinese pronunciation.
（2）The underlined word "cushy" in Paragraph 3 most probably means ．
A.difficult
B.easy
C.meaningful
（3）Why did the writer learn Chinese？
A.Because Chinese is one of his school necessary subjects.
B.Because he wanted to teach and work internationally.
C.Because he was interested in all kinds of Chinese food.
（4）What do we know about the writer according to the passage？
A.He is good at playing the piano.
B.He can speak two languages.
C.He is interested in writing and painting.
（5）What does this passage mainly talk about？
A.An American girl who loves China.
B.How to learn Chinese well.
C.A sweet experience of learning Chinese.
4．（10分）Among all traditional Chinese operas，types of facial makeup（ 脸谱）in Peking Opera have developed into the most well﹣known one.It is popular around the world，and has been seen as the symbol of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation.Different colors are used to show different characters，but at first，only three colors were used：red，white and black.
Red is generally used to show that a person is honest and loyal（忠诚的）.In fact，the red was firstly just to show the color of people's skin.Because many roles use red and black to show they're very brave and honest，red slowly has another meaning.A famous "red full face" is Guan Yu，known for his loyalty to Liu Bei.He regarded Liu Bei as his elder brother.They fought side by side and supported each other.Guan Yu，together with Zhang Fei protected Liu Bei from every danger.
The role with the white face commonly seen is bad in human nature.The well﹣known character is Cao Cao，who was powerful but cruel in the time of the "Three Kingdoms".Another famous character is the Prime Minister Qin Hui in the Song Dynasty.The national hero Yue Fei was secretly killed in the prison by him.
The black face shows either a rude and brave character or a fair and selfless character.Famous characters are Zhang Fei with a black cross butterfly face of Romance of the Three Kingdoms（《三国演义》） and Li Kui of Water Margin（《水浒传》）.Zhang Fei is a general who served Liu Bei.His bravery was also greatly praised.Li Kui enjoyed fighting and was feared by many people who met him.
Later，other colors are added to them，such as purple for justice （正义）；yellow used for soldiers，means bravery；blue，showing that a character has a strong personality.
（1）At first，the three colors of the facial makeup in Peking Opera were .
A.red，gold and purple
B.red，white and blue
C.red，white and black
（2）Who is widely known for his bravery and honesty？
A.Guan Yu.
B.Cao Cao.
C.Zhang Fei.
（3）Why does the role of Qin Hui have a white face？
A.Because he was fair and cruel.
B.Because he was killed by Yue Fei.
C.Because he put national hero to death.
（4）From the passage we know Bao Zheng，the fearless and fair official of the Song Dynasty，should have a .
A.white face
B.black face
C.yellow face
（5）The best title of the passage is .
A.The Traditional Chinese Operas
B.The Introduction to the Heroes in Beijing Opera
C.The Relationship Between Facial Colors and Characters
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。
5．（10分）A comfort zone（舒适圈） is a place，activity or a situation in which people won't feel nervous and the things are within their ability or control.Breaking out of a comfort zone usually fills him or her with nervousness and worry.
（1） .
Get information.To break through your comfort zone，you need to first educate yourself.Your goal here is to find out whatever skills you are looking for.（2） .You can also talk to people who have done the same thing.
Have a plan.After educating yourself，it is important to create a plan of action.With this step，you are going to write down a plan for how you are going to break through your comfort zone.You first start with the easiest thing to do，then you create a plan to get to each level.You need to create standards，and these are many goals that put you one step close to pushing past your comfort zone.
（3） .This is an important step because people in your life will always encourage you to keep going on.They will make it hard for you to give up.Because you know you will look foolish if you did.
Remain positive（ 乐观的）.There will be times when you experience a result which is not positive，（4） .The trick is to not let anything prevent you from pushing past the point of comfort.Realize that you will have bad results.It is a natural part of the process.
Keep enlarging your comfort zone.Look for new challenges.Find a task that you never imagined you would do，like teaching a class on the subject that filled you with fear.Or you could work on the related skill.
A famous American writer Neale Donald Walsch once said， "Life begins at the end of your comfort zone"，（5） ．
A.so get out of your comfort zone and you can make a big difference to your life
B.Have people around you know your plan
C.Here are some ways to break out of a comfort zone without going far
D.something that shakes your confidence and makes you feel scared
E.You can read books and check out articles on the Internet about the goal
第三节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
6．（10分）
Eating Together，Separately
Separate dining is common in the western culture，while in China，unlike that in western countries，a grouped dining system is much more preferred，whether dining at home or eating out.
However，the COVID﹣19 has challenged the Chinese dining tradition of sharing dishes together，which inspires the government，restaurants and citizens to rethink about eating customs.
Standards on individual（个人） dining，serving chopsticks（公筷） and two pairs of chopsticks came out on March 18.Here are the main points.
*Individual diners' food should be served to customers in separate plate and chopsticks.
*Each shared dish should be served with a separate pair of serving chopsticks.
*Each diner（就餐者） should have two pairs of differently colored chopsticks.One is to get food from shared dishes to place into individual bowls，and the other is for eating from individual bowls.
The above new standards aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.Over 200 companies have followed the guidelines.In order to encourage customers to follow the standards，some restaurants offer parking coupons（优惠券） to those who use serving chopsticks.
For Chinese，it is not easy to change their dining behavior as they think eating together is a tradition.When they share the food，they are building up a close relationship among diners.Besides，it is difficult to divide Chinese dishes into separate parts.
Eating separately is a break from tradition，but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health.People can still sit at the same table，sharing the same food and the same culture in a new way.It also encourages advanced cooking skills，which means a chance of creating something new in Chinese food.
（1）Is a grouped dining system more popular in western countries？
（2）When did the standards on individual dining come out？
（3）What is the purpose of the new standards？
（4）How do some restaurants encourage customers to use serving chopsticks？
（5）Why is it difficult to change Chinese dining behavior？
第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分 35 分）第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
7．（15分）A book，a story，a thing or a person can change your mind.Patricia﹣a 24﹣year﹣old girl had no idea what would happen when she went on holiday in Spain.She had just graduated from a university.To celebrate her graduation，she and her friends went to Spain to relax before their busy lives as （1） .But she didn't like this job at that time because she thought compared with doctors，nurses seem to be（2） important.
On the first day，Patricia decided to go to the pool to read some books after lunch.As she was（3） there，deep in her book，she heard a sudden noise.And the man next to her jumped out of his chair and（4） out， "A boy is drowning!Help！" The man then ran to the pool and pulled out a young child from the water.He wasn't moving.
At first，Patricia didn't do anything. "Surely there was someone more experienced than（5） to help this child，" she thought.She（6） and saw that no one was coming.It had to be her.
Patricia threw down her book and ran to the child.She pushed the man aside and（7） said， "I'm a nurse." At the moment，she felt that the words were true.She began administering CPR（实施心肺复苏术）.A few minutes later，the boy coughed and spat（吐） up the water.（8） the boy sat up，his parents were finally there and Patricia left quietly，happy to allow the boy to be with his（9） again.
After that（10） event，Patricia finally understood that nursing was certainly what she wanted to do.
（1）A.doctors
B.nurses
C.teachers
（2）A.better
B.more
C.less
（3）A.lying
B.swimming
C.sleeping
（4）A.laughed
B.called
C.pointed
（5）A.me
B.him
C.her
（6）A.looked up
B.looked after
C.looked around
（7）A.patiently
B.calmly
C.angrily
（8）A.Because
B.Since
C.As
（9）A.friends
B.family
C.classmates
（10）A.shocking
B.surprising
C.wonderful
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
8．（10分）
New Law Helps Parents Better Guide Kids
Parents are teachers for their kids all their life，and family education can decide what type of person a child will grow up to be.（1） ，not every family has enough resources（资源） and skills to provide their kids （2） proper family education.
Now there is something professional to guide them.On January 1st，2022，China's（3） （one） law on family education came into force.This will give parents many（4） （instruct）．
The family education promotion law has six chapters and 55 articles.They guide parents and guardians and tell them how to（5） （proper） bring up kids.The law says parents should follow scientific methods and ideas in order to become good parents.A public system has also been set up
（6） （improve） the quality of family education.When parents get into difficulties，they can turn to the system for help.
With the law，parents' wrongdoings can be corrected.When parents refuse to fulfill their parental responsibilities，the law won't punish them，like asking them to pay a fine or sending them to prison.Instead，it（7） （teach） them what to do and help them better practice family education.
The law responds to public worries and questions over the "double reduction" policy.It will improve cooperation between schools and parents，help reduce the pressure on（8） （child），improve the quality of education，and better protect students' rights.
Rather than high schools，students' mental and physical health should（9） （put） in the first place during their growing﹣up years，just as has been said in（10） new law.
第三节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
9．（10分）Ernest Hemingway（欧内斯特•海明威） （1899﹣1961），a famous American writer，seemed to live to write，and to express himself. （1）He is considered as one of the most important and well﹣known writers of the 20th century. Born on July 21st，1899 in Chicago，Hemingway was in a nice family—his father was a doctor，and mother a musician.Hemingway became a reporter after graduating from high school.When the first world war broke out，he went to Italy and worked for the Red Cross as an ambulance driver.He was seriously wounded in the war and got the Italian Silver Medal of Bravery when he was only 18 years old.
In 1919 Hemingway returned to the United States and began creating some of the finest American Literature ever written. "（2） The world is a fine place and worth fighting for. And I hate very much to leave it." This quote（引语） is an excellent representation（代表） of the way Hemingway lived his life.From his time as a soldier and war reporter to his adventures in Paris and Cuba，Hemingway saw much of the world and used his experience to form his writing style.Even after more than 120 years，（3）他的作品继续影响着当今的作者和读者。
Hemingway's writing style is minimal（极简的）.He invented the term "iceberg theory（冰山理论）" to describe his writing.It means hiding deeper meaning under the surface of one's writing can make it more impressive，just like how most of an iceberg's mass is hidden under the surface of the ocean.
For example，（4）it is said that Hemingway was once asked to write a complete story in 10 words. He replied with， "For sale：baby shoes，never worn." In this one simple sentence，he tells a sad story of losing a child.（5）它是海明威写作风格的一个完美的例子。
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
七、解答题（共1小题，满分15分）
10．（15分）最近教育部发文要求中小学校开展劳动教育必修课，并且规定了中小学每周课外活动和家庭生活中的劳动时间。其中小学 1﹣2 年级不少于 2 小时，其它年级不少于 3 小时。劳动教育已然成为孩子成长中不可或缺的一门课程。请你写一篇小短文，介绍你做家务劳动的经历及感悟。要点如下：
（1）你最擅长的一种家务及喜欢此家务活的原因；
（2）一次做此项家务的难忘经历；
（3）你的收获或感悟。
注意：
（1）80 词左右；
（2）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名。
_________________________________
2022年湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团中考英语二模试卷
参考答案与详解
第二部分阅读（共三节，满分 50 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1．（4分）
Miramar Hotel
Restaurant & Cafe，a swimming pool，KTV，Clothing store，Reading room
Travel plans
*Day 1：
Morning：land at Singapore Changi Airport
Afternoon：take a bus tour of the island
Evening：have a party in the KTV
*Day 2：
Morning：visit the National Museum
Afternoon：take the car to Sentosa Island
*Day 3：
Morning：take a walking tour of old Singapore，including Chinatown
Afternoon：take a boat trip around the island
*Day 4：
Morning：free time for shopping
Evening：return by air
Date of Departure（出发） Price
Saturday，July 23，2022￥3，220
Sunday，July 24，2022￥3，100
Friday，July 29，2022￥3，000
Saturday，July 30，2022￥2，900
（1）Which statement is TRUE according to the travel advertisement？ C
A.Travelers in this tour group will go to Singapore by bus.
B.Travelers in this group will take a boat trip in Chinatown.
C.Travelers have some free time for shopping during the last day.
（2）Liu Xin is not free in August.If he wants to travel to Singapore with his wife according to the above plan，how much will they pay for the trip at least？ C
A. ￥5，800.
B. ￥6，000.
C. ￥6，200.
【分析】本文主要介绍了到新加坡的旅行计划。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据Day 4：Morning：free time for shopping（第四天：上午：自由购物时间）可知，旅行者在最后一天有一些自由时间购物。故选C。
（1）推理计算题。根据Sunday，July 24，2022￥3，100（2022年7月24日星期日￥3100）可知，刘鑫八月份没空，他只能选择7月23日或7月24日去，如果想少花钱，最好选择7月24日去，每人3100元，两人共6200元。故选C。
2．（6分）
Upside﹣down gardening
植物"知道"上和下吗？
You can test whether a plant knows which way is up and which way is down.
①Cut one carol 2 cm from is large end.Cut the other carrot 5 cm from its large end；ask helper to hollow it out（挖空） with knife and tweezers.
②Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it on a glass and pour water in hollow center.Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it over bowl with cut end in water.
You'll need
•Two large，fresh carrots
•Toothpicks（牙签）
•Large glass
•Small bowl
•Small sharp knife
•Tweezers（镊子）
Adult helper
③For two weeks，keep water in bowl so it touches carrot top；also keep carrot top's hollow center filled with water.
What happened？Both carrots should grow leaves and stems（茎）
Instead of growing downward，the leaves on the large carrot will top's and grow upward.
（1）To do the experiment，we need the following things EXCEPT A ．
A.toothbrushes
B.a sharp knife
C.some water
（2）We do the experiment to make sure C ．
A.how to grow carrots easily
B.carrot cannot grow without water
C.plants know which way is up
（3）Which statement is WRONG according to the experiment？ B
A.We need to cut both carrots from the large end with the sharp knife.
B.We need to sit the larger carrot top over the bowl with the cut end in water.
C.We need to spend 14 days watching the carrots growing and getting the result.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了如何测试植物是否知道哪个方向是向上的，哪个方向是向下的，以及实验所需的材料、实验步骤以及实验结果。
【解答】（1）细节判断题。根据表格中You'll need Two large，fresh carrot Toothpicks Large glass Small bowl Small sharp knife Tweezers（你需要：两个大的新鲜胡萝卜、牙签、大玻璃杯、小碗、小尖刀、镊子。）以及Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it over bowl with cut end in water.（将牙签插入胡萝卜顶部，然后将其放在碗上，切端放入水中。）可知，做实验不需要牙刷。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格中You can test whether a plant knows which way is up and which way is down.（你可以测试植物是否知道哪个方向是向上的，哪个方向是向下的。）可知，我们做实验是为了确保植物知道哪个方向是向上的。故选C。
（3）正误判断题。根据表格中Cut one carrot 2 cm from is large end.Cut the other carrot 5 cm from its large end.（将一根胡萝卜从大端切开2厘米。将另一根胡萝卜从大端切开5厘米。）以及Stick toothpicks in the carrot top and sit it over bowl with cut end in water.（将牙签插入胡萝卜顶部，然后将其放在碗上，切端放入水中。）可知，B项，我们需要将较大的胡萝卜顶部放在碗上，切端放在水中。表述错误。故选B。
3．（10分）If life can be compared to a meal，I think the mistakes are like salt and the success is a candy.
"Hey，" said the boy whose name I couldn't remember，sitting next to me. "Don't worry.Take your time." And so I did.But I still couldn't correctly pronounce my Chinese name that was given by the teacher.I was so embarrassed on my first day of learning Chinese.I was so worried that I didn't sleep well that night.I couldn't stop thinking what would happen in my Chinese class in the following days.
I took Chinese classes during my summer vacation.Every morning I walked for 25 minutes to the class while having a Chinese pancake from one of the breakfast carts （ 推车） on the way.Learning Spanish in school was a job for me，because I could speak French and Italian which helped me with it.However，learning Chinese was difficult at first.As a boy who was born in America and grew up in America，I knew nothing about the language and had no experience of learning the language.I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad.It is necessary for me to master different languages cushy. As the classes went on，I slowly found that I was making connections.My 10 years of playing the piano has allowed me to perform for others.My several years of writing has led me to become a school reporter.I knew that my Chinese classes would allow me to speak Chinese well.As the teachers helped me build up the confidence，I soon began tasting the sweetness.
So what did my summer really taste like？It tasted like the Chinese food that，for the first time，I did not order in English，my mother language.
（1）Why did the writer feel embarrassed in his first Chinese class？ C
A.Because he didn't remember his friend's name.
B.Because he couldn't write his Chinese name.
C.Because he had poor Chinese pronunciation.
（2）The underlined word "cushy" in Paragraph 3 most probably means B ．
A.difficult
B.easy
C.meaningful
（3）Why did the writer learn Chinese？ B
A.Because Chinese is one of his school necessary subjects.
B.Because he wanted to teach and work internationally.
C.Because he was interested in all kinds of Chinese food.
（4）What do we know about the writer according to the passage？ A
A.He is good at playing the piano.
B.He can speak two languages.
C.He is interested in writing and painting.
（5）What does this passage mainly talk about？ C
A.An American girl who loves China.
B.How to learn Chinese well.
C.A sweet experience of learning Chinese.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了作者暑期学中文的过程。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据But I still couldn't correctly pronounce my Chinese name that was given by the teacher.I was so embarrassed on my first day of learning Chinese.（但是老师给我的中文名字我还是不能正确发音。我第一天学中文的时候好尴尬。）可知，作者在第一节汉语课上感到很尴尬，因为他的汉语发音很差。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad.It is necessary for me to master different languages cushy.As the classes went on，I slowly found that I was making connections.（我选择它主要是因为我的目标是在国内外工作和教学。我有必要﹣﹣﹣掌握不同的语言。随着课程的继续，我慢慢地发现我在建立联系。）联系前后句可猜测出下划线单词cushy的意思应为：轻松地。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad.（我选择它主要是因为我的目标是在国际上教学和工作。）可知作者学习汉语是因为他想在国际上教学和工作。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据My 10 years of playing the piano has allowed me to perform for others.（我10年弹钢琴的经验让我可以为他人演奏。）由此可知，A项作者擅长弹钢琴，符合题意。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。通读全文，根据 knew that my Chinese classes would allow me to speak Chinese well.As the teachers helped me build up the confidence，I soon began tasting the sweetness.（我知道我的中文课可以让我说一口好中文。在老师们帮助我树立信心的同时，我很快就开始尝到甜头了。）可知文章主要讲述了作者学习汉语的甜蜜体验。故选C。
4．（10分）Among all traditional Chinese operas，types of facial makeup（ 脸谱）in Peking Opera have developed into the most well﹣known one.It is popular around the world，and has been seen as the symbol of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation.Different colors are used to show different characters，but at first，only three colors were used：red，white and black.
Red is generally used to show that a person is honest and loyal（忠诚的）.In fact，the red was firstly just to show the color of people's skin.Because many roles use red and black to show they're very brave and honest，red slowly has another meaning.A famous "red full face" is Guan Yu，known for his loyalty to Liu Bei.He regarded Liu Bei as his elder brother.They fought side by side and supported each other.Guan Yu，together with Zhang Fei protected Liu Bei from every danger.
The role with the white face commonly seen is bad in human nature.The well﹣known character is Cao Cao，who was powerful but cruel in the time of the "Three Kingdoms".Another famous character is the Prime Minister Qin Hui in the Song Dynasty.The national hero Yue Fei was secretly killed in the prison by him.
The black face shows either a rude and brave character or a fair and selfless character.Famous characters are Zhang Fei with a black cross butterfly face of Romance of the Three Kingdoms（《三国演义》） and Li Kui of Water Margin（《水浒传》）.Zhang Fei is a general who served Liu Bei.His bravery was also greatly praised.Li Kui enjoyed fighting and was feared by many people who met him.
Later，other colors are added to them，such as purple for justice （正义）；yellow used for soldiers，means bravery；blue，showing that a character has a strong personality.
（1）At first，the three colors of the facial makeup in Peking Opera were C .
A.red，gold and purple
B.red，white and blue
C.red，white and black
（2）Who is widely known for his bravery and honesty？ A
A.Guan Yu.
B.Cao Cao.
C.Zhang Fei.
（3）Why does the role of Qin Hui have a white face？ C
A.Because he was fair and cruel.
B.Because he was killed by Yue Fei.
C.Because he put national hero to death.
（4）From the passage we know Bao Zheng，the fearless and fair official of the Song Dynasty，should have a B .
A.white face
B.black face
C.yellow face
（5）The best title of the passage is C .
A.The Traditional Chinese Operas
B.The Introduction to the Heroes in Beijing Opera
C.The Relationship Between Facial Colors and Characters
【分析】文章主要介绍了京剧脸谱的不同颜色代表着不同的人物性格，观众可以通过颜色清晰地分辨出其代表的含义。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据but at first，only three colors were used：red，white and black.（但一开始只用了三种颜色：红、白、黑。）可知，最开始只用了红色、白色和黑色。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Because many roles use red and black to show they're very brave and honest，red slowly has another meaning.A famous "red full face" is Guan Yu，known for his loyalty to Liu Bei.（因为许多角色用红色和黑色来表示他们非常勇敢和诚实，所以红色慢慢有了另一层含义。一个著名的"红脸"就是关羽，以忠于刘备著称。）可知，关羽因勇敢和诚实而广为人知。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据Another famous character is the Prime Minister Qin Hui in the Song Dynasty.The national hero Yue Fei was secretly killed in the prison by him.（另一个著名的人物是宋朝的宰相秦桧。民族英雄岳飞在狱中被他秘密杀害。）可知，秦桧之所以有一张白脸是因为他处死了民族英雄岳飞。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据The black face shows either a rude and brave character or a fair and selfless character.（黑脸要么表现出粗鲁勇敢的性格，要么表现出公正无私的性格。）可知，公正无私的包拯应有一张黑脸。B选项正确。故选B。
（5）标题归纳题。根据Different colors are used to show different characters，（不同的颜色用于显示不同的性格，）结合全文可知，文章的最佳标题应是"面部颜色与性格的关系"。C选项正确。故选C。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。
5．（10分）A comfort zone（舒适圈） is a place，activity or a situation in which people won't feel nervous and the things are within their ability or control.Breaking out of a comfort zone usually fills him or her with nervousness and worry.
（1） C .
Get information.To break through your comfort zone，you need to first educate yourself.Your goal here is to find out whatever skills you are looking for.（2） E .You can also talk to people who have done the same thing.
Have a plan.After educating yourself，it is important to create a plan of action.With this step，you are going to write down a plan for how you are going to break through your comfort zone.You first start with the easiest thing to do，then you create a plan to get to each level.You need to create standards，and these are many goals that put you one step close to pushing past your comfort zone.
（3） B .This is an important step because people in your life will always encourage you to keep going on.They will make it hard for you to give up.Because you know you will look foolish if you did.
Remain positive（ 乐观的）.There will be times when you experience a result which is not positive，（4） D .The trick is to not let anything prevent you from pushing past the point of comfort.Realize that you will have bad results.It is a natural part of the process.
Keep enlarging your comfort zone.Look for new challenges.Find a task that you never imagined you would do，like teaching a class on the subject that filled you with fear.Or you could work on the related skill.
A famous American writer Neale Donald Walsch once said， "Life begins at the end of your comfort zone"，（5） A ．
A.so get out of your comfort zone and you can make a big difference to your life
B.Have people around you know your plan
C.Here are some ways to break out of a comfort zone without going far
D.something that shakes your confidence and makes you feel scared
E.You can read books and check out articles on the Internet about the goal
【分析】本文主要告诉我们要走出你的舒适区，接受新思想的方式，这才是我们生活的精彩之处。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据前句Breaking out of a comfort zone usually fills him or her with nervousness and worry.（打破舒适区通常会让他或她感到紧张和担忧。）及其后文内容，可知说的是大批舒适区，结合选项，应说以下是一些不用走多远就能突破舒适区的方法。故选C。
（2）根据前句Your goal here is to find out whatever skills you are looking for.（你的目标是找出你想要的技能。）可知说的是目标，结合选项，应说你可以在互联网上阅读有关目标的书籍和文章。故选E。
（3）根据后句This is an important step because people in your life will always encourage you to keep going on.They will make it hard for you to give up.（这是重要的一步，因为你生活中的人总是鼓励你继续前进。他们会让你很难放弃。）可知说的是周围的人，结合选项，应说让你周围的人知道你的计划。故选B。
（4）根据前句There will be times when you experience a result which is not positive，（有时你会经历一个不积极的结果，）可知说的是不积极的结果，结合选项，应说这会动摇你的信心，让你感到害怕。故选D。
（5）根据前句A famous American writer Neale Donald Walsch once said， "Life begins at the end of your comfort zone，（美国著名作家尼尔•唐纳德•沃尔什曾经说过："生活从你舒适区的尽头开始，）可知说的是一位作家的话，结合选项，应说所以，走出你的舒适区，你就能给你的生活带来巨大的改变。故选A。
第三节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
6．（10分）
Eating Together，Separately
Separate dining is common in the western culture，while in China，unlike that in western countries，a grouped dining system is much more preferred，whether dining at home or eating out.
However，the COVID﹣19 has challenged the Chinese dining tradition of sharing dishes together，which inspires the government，restaurants and citizens to rethink about eating customs.
Standards on individual（个人） dining，serving chopsticks（公筷） and two pairs of chopsticks came out on March 18.Here are the main points.
*Individual diners' food should be served to customers in separate plate and chopsticks.
*Each shared dish should be served with a separate pair of serving chopsticks.
*Each diner（就餐者） should have two pairs of differently colored chopsticks.One is to get food from shared dishes to place into individual bowls，and the other is for eating from individual bowls.
The above new standards aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.Over 200 companies have followed the guidelines.In order to encourage customers to follow the standards，some restaurants offer parking coupons（优惠券） to those who use serving chopsticks.
For Chinese，it is not easy to change their dining behavior as they think eating together is a tradition.When they share the food，they are building up a close relationship among diners.Besides，it is difficult to divide Chinese dishes into separate parts.
Eating separately is a break from tradition，but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health.People can still sit at the same table，sharing the same food and the same culture in a new way.It also encourages advanced cooking skills，which means a chance of creating something new in Chinese food.
（1）Is a grouped dining system more popular in western countries？
No ，it isn′t.
（2）When did the standards on individual dining come out？
On March18.
（3）What is the purpose of the new standards？
They aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.
（4）How do some restaurants encourage customers to use serving chopsticks？
They offer parking coupons to those who use serving chopsticks.
（5）Why is it difficult to change Chinese dining behavior？
Because Chinese people think the grouped dining system is a tradition.
【分析】本文主要讲述了分餐吃这种就餐方式的相关情况。
【解答】（1）细节判断题。根据while in China，unlike that in western countries，a grouped dining system is much more preferred，whether dining at home or eating out.（而在中国，与西方国家不同的是，无论是在家还是在外就餐，分组用餐系统都更受欢迎。）可判断出，分组用餐制在西方国家更不受欢迎，故填：No ，it isn′t.
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Standards on individual dining，serving chopsticks and two pairs of chopsticks came out on March 18.（3月18日，《个人用餐、上菜筷子和双筷子标准》出台。）可知，个人用餐标准是3月18日出台的，故填：On March 18.
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中The above new standards aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.（上述新标准旨在以科学、实用的方式保护公众健康。）可知，新标准的目的是旨在以科学和实用的方式保护公众健康，故填：They aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段中In order to encourage customers to follow the standards，some restaurants offer parking coupons to those who use serving chopsticks.（为了鼓励顾客遵守标准，一些餐馆向使用筷子的顾客提供停车券。）可知，为了鼓励顾客遵守这一标准，一些餐馆向使用筷子的顾客提供停车券，故填：They offer parking coupons to those who use serving chopsticks.
（5）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中For Chinese，it is not easy to change their dining behavior as they think eating together is a tradition.（对于中国人来说，改变他们的就餐行为并不容易，因为他们认为一起吃饭是一种传统。）可知，改变中国人的就餐行为很难是因为中国人认为分餐制是一种传统。故填：Because Chinese people think the grouped dining system is a tradition.
第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分 35 分）第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
7．（15分）A book，a story，a thing or a person can change your mind.Patricia﹣a 24﹣year﹣old girl had no idea what would happen when she went on holiday in Spain.She had just graduated from a university.To celebrate her graduation，she and her friends went to Spain to relax before their busy lives as （1） B .But she didn't like this job at that time because she thought compared with doctors，nurses seem to be（2） C important.
On the first day，Patricia decided to go to the pool to read some books after lunch.As she was（3） A there，deep in her book，she heard a sudden noise.And the man next to her jumped out of his chair and（4） B out， "A boy is drowning!Help！" The man then ran to the pool and pulled out a young child from the water.He wasn't moving.
At first，Patricia didn't do anything. "Surely there was someone more experienced than（5） A to help this child，" she thought.She（6） C and saw that no one was coming.It had to be her.
Patricia threw down her book and ran to the child.She pushed the man aside and（7） B said， "I'm a nurse." At the moment，she felt that the words were true.She began administering CPR（实施心肺复苏术）.A few minutes later，the boy coughed and spat（吐） up the water.（8） C the boy sat up，his parents were finally there and Patricia left quietly，happy to allow the boy to be with his（9） B again.
After that（10） A event，Patricia finally understood that nursing was certainly what she wanted to do.
（1）A.doctors
B.nurses
C.teachers
（2）A.better
B.more
C.less
（3）A.lying
B.swimming
C.sleeping
（4）A.laughed
B.called
C.pointed
（5）A.me
B.him
C.her
（6）A.looked up
B.looked after
C.looked around
（7）A.patiently
B.calmly
C.angrily
（8）A.Because
B.Since
C.As
（9）A.friends
B.family
C.classmates
（10）A.shocking
B.surprising
C.wonderful
【分析】本文讲述了主人翁Patricia从护士学校毕业后和同伴们去西班牙度假。在度假的第一天Patricia勇敢的用自己的护理技能拯救了一名落水儿童。
【解答】（1）名词辨析。A.医生，B.护士，C.教师，根据I'm a nurse.（我是个护士。）可知句意：为了庆祝她的毕业典礼，她和她的朋友们在繁忙的护士生活前去西班牙放松。故选B。
（2）形容词辨析。A.更好的，B.更多的，C.更少的，根据she didn't like this job at that time（她当时不喜欢这份工作）可知句意：但她当时不喜欢这份工作，因为她认为与医生相比，护士似乎不那么重要。故选C。
（3）动词辨析。A.躺着，B.游泳，C.睡觉，结合语境可知句意：当她躺在那里，埋头看书时，突然听到一声巨响。故选A。
（4）动词辨析。A.笑，B.叫，C.指出，根据A boy is drowning!Help！（一个男孩溺水了！救命！）可知句意：她旁边的那个男人从椅子上跳了起来，喊道："一个男孩溺水了！救命！"故选B。
（5）代词辨析。A.我，B.他，C.她，根据she thought.（她想）可知句意：肯定有比我更有经验的人来帮助这个孩子。故选A。
（6）短语辨析。A.抬头看，B.照顾，C.环顾四周，结合saw that no one was coming.（发现没有人来）可知句意：她环顾四周，发现没有人来。故选C。
（7）副词辨析。A.耐心地，B.冷静地，C.愤怒地，结合语境可知句意：她把那个男人推到一边，平静地说："我是个护士。"故选B。
（8）连词辨析。A.因为，B.自从，C.当……时候，结合语境可知句意：当男孩坐起来时，他的父母终于到了。故选C。
（9）名词辨析。A.朋友，B.家人，C.同学，根据his parents were finally there（他的父母终于到了）可知句意：很高兴让男孩再次与家人团聚。故选B。
（10）形容词辨析。A.令人震惊的，B.令人惊讶的，C.精彩的，结合语境可知句意：在那次令人震惊的事件之后，Patricia终于明白护士确定是她想要做的。故选A。
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
8．（10分）
New Law Helps Parents Better Guide Kids
Parents are teachers for their kids all their life，and family education can decide what type of person a child will grow up to be.（1） However ，not every family has enough resources（资源） and skills to provide their kids （2） with proper family education.
Now there is something professional to guide them.On January 1st，2022，China's（3） first （one） law on family education came into force.This will give parents many（4） instructions （instruct）．
The family education promotion law has six chapters and 55 articles.They guide parents and guardians and tell them how to（5） properly （proper） bring up kids.The law says parents should follow scientific methods and ideas in order to become good parents.A public system has also been set up
（6） Improving （improve） the quality of family education.When parents get into difficulties，they can turn to the system for help.
With the law，parents' wrongdoings can be corrected.When parents refuse to fulfill their parental responsibilities，the law won't punish them，like asking them to pay a fine or sending them to prison.Instead，it（7） teaches （teach） them what to do and help them better practice family education.
The law responds to public worries and questions over the "double reduction" policy.It will improve cooperation between schools and parents，help reduce the pressure on（8） children （child），improve the quality of education，and better protect students' rights.
Rather than high schools，students' mental and physical health should（9） be put （put） in the first place during their growing﹣up years，just as has been said in（10） a new law.
【分析】文章介绍了家庭教育的重要性，以及于2022年1月1日正式实施的中国首部家庭教育法。
【解答】（1）考查连词。根据句意，然而，并不是每个家庭都有足够的资源和技能为他们的孩子提供适当的家庭教育。上下文相反，用转折连词but或however，但这里有逗号隔开，所以只能用however，注意句首大写。故答案为：However。
（2）考查介词。根据句意，然而，并不是每个家庭都有足够的资源和技能为他们的孩子提供适当的家庭教育。provide sb.with sth.向某人提供某物。故答案为：with。
（3）考查数词。根据句意，2022年1月1日，中国首部家庭教育法正式实施。用序数词first，修饰名词law，第一部法案。故答案为：first。
（4）考查名词。根据句意，这将给父母很多指导。many常修饰可数名词的复数形式。故答案为：instructions。
（5）考查副词。根据句意，他们指导父母和监护人，告诉他们如何正确地抚养孩子。副词修饰动词。故答案为：properly。
（6）考查动名词。根据句意，提高家庭教育质量。这里要用动名词作主语。故答案为：Improving。
（7）考查动词。根据句意，相反，它教他们做什么，帮助他们更好地实践家庭教育。这里表示常态的事情要用一般现在时，主语为it，第三人称单数，所以用teaches。故答案为：teaches。
（8）考查名词。根据句意，它将促进学校和家长之间的合作，有助于减轻孩子的压力，提高教育质量，更好地保护学生的权利。child是可数名词，这里没有冠词修饰，所以用复数形式。故答案为：children。
（9）考查被动语态。根据句意，正如一项新法律所说，在他们的成长过程中，学生的身心健康应该放在首位，而不是高中。should be put in the first place应被放在首位，这是情态动词的被动语态，put与place是逻辑上的被动关系。故答案为：be put。
（10）考查冠词。根据句意，正如一项新法律所说，在他们的成长过程中，学生的身心健康应该放在首位，而不是高中。a new law一项新法律，new是非元音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故答案为：a。
第三节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
9．（10分）Ernest Hemingway（欧内斯特•海明威） （1899﹣1961），a famous American writer，seemed to live to write，and to express himself. （1）He is considered as one of the most important and well﹣known writers of the 20th century. Born on July 21st，1899 in Chicago，Hemingway was in a nice family—his father was a doctor，and mother a musician.Hemingway became a reporter after graduating from high school.When the first world war broke out，he went to Italy and worked for the Red Cross as an ambulance driver.He was seriously wounded in the war and got the Italian Silver Medal of Bravery when he was only 18 years old.
In 1919 Hemingway returned to the United States and began creating some of the finest American Literature ever written. "（2） The world is a fine place and worth fighting for. And I hate very much to leave it." This quote（引语） is an excellent representation（代表） of the way Hemingway lived his life.From his time as a soldier and war reporter to his adventures in Paris and Cuba，Hemingway saw much of the world and used his experience to form his writing style.Even after more than 120 years，（3）他的作品继续影响着当今的作者和读者。
Hemingway's writing style is minimal（极简的）.He invented the term "iceberg theory（冰山理论）" to describe his writing.It means hiding deeper meaning under the surface of one's writing can make it more impressive，just like how most of an iceberg's mass is hidden under the surface of the ocean.
For example，（4）it is said that Hemingway was once asked to write a complete story in 10 words. He replied with， "For sale：baby shoes，never worn." In this one simple sentence，he tells a sad story of losing a child.（5）它是海明威写作风格的一个完美的例子。
（1） 他被认为是20世纪最重要、最著名的作家之一。
（2） 世界是一个美好的地方，值得为之奋斗。
（3） His works continue to influence today's authors and readers.
（4） 据说Hemingway曾被要求用10个单词写一个完整的故事。
（5） It is a perfect example of Hemingway's writing style.
【分析】本文介绍了美国著名作家Hemingway的出生时间、地点、家庭状况、成员职业及他的生活经历和写作风格等。
【解答】（1）英译汉题。由英文分析句子结构，依据英译汉的习惯整理成汉语：他被认为是20世纪最重要、最著名的作家之一。故填：他被认为是20世纪最重要、最著名的作家之一。
（2）英译汉题。由英文The world is a fine place and worth fighting for.分析句子结构，此句是陈述句，使用句型：be worth doing sth.值得做某事，a fine place一个美好的地方；依据英译汉的习惯整理成汉语：世界是一个美好的地方，值得为之奋斗。故填：世界是一个美好的地方，值得为之奋斗。
（3）汉译英题。由汉语（他的作品继续影响着当今的作者和读者。）分析句子结构，此句是一般现在时陈述句，他的作品His works ，继续影响continue to influence，当今的作者和读者today's authors and readers；依据汉译英的习惯整理成英文：His works continue to influence today's authors and readers.故填：His works continue to influence today's authors and readers.
（4）英译汉题。由英文it is said that Hemingway was once asked to write a complete story in 10 words.分析句子结构，此句是主从复合句，it is said据说，that引导从句，was once asked 曾被要求，to write a complete story写一个完整的故事，in 10 words用10个单词；依据英译汉的习惯整理成汉语：据说Hemingway曾被要求用10个单词写一个完整的故事。故填：据说Hemingway曾被要求用10个单词写一个完整的故事。
（5）汉译英题。由汉语（它是海明威写作风格的一个完美的例子。）分析句子结构，此句是一般现在时陈述句，它是一个完美的例子It is a perfect example，海明威写作风格的of Hemingway's writing style；依据汉译英的习惯整理成英文：It is a perfect example of Hemingway's writing style.故填：It is a perfect example of Hemingway's writing style.
七、解答题（共1小题，满分15分）
10．（15分）最近教育部发文要求中小学校开展劳动教育必修课，并且规定了中小学每周课外活动和家庭生活中的劳动时间。其中小学 1﹣2 年级不少于 2 小时，其它年级不少于 3 小时。劳动教育已然成为孩子成长中不可或缺的一门课程。请你写一篇小短文，介绍你做家务劳动的经历及感悟。要点如下：
（1）你最擅长的一种家务及喜欢此家务活的原因；
（2）一次做此项家务的难忘经历；
（3）你的收获或感悟。
注意：
（1）80 词左右；
（2）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名。
_________________________________
【分析】【高分句型一】
I'm also willing to share the housework and I really do something.我也愿意分担家务，我真的做了一些事情。
be willing to do sth愿意做某事。
【高分句型二】
My life skills are developed，so I can take good care of myself.我的生活技能得到了发展，所以我可以照顾好自己。
take good care of 照顾好。
【解答】For middle school students，doing housework is a part of life.Most students often help parents sweep the floor every day and some usually take out the rubbish when they leave for school.I'm also willing to share the housework and I really do something. 【高分句型一】（家务劳动）For example，I usually do the dishes after meals.At first，I could not do it very well，but now I am able to do the dishes quickly and well.（分享自己的经历）
I've learned a lot from doing housework.My life skills are developed，so I can take good care of myself. 【高分句型二】Besides，it also makes me develop a good habit of loving labor.（感悟）
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