2022届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三下学期一模考试英语试题（含答案解析+听力原文）

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长沙市一中2022届模拟试卷（一）
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？
A．£ 19.15． B．£ 9.18． C．£ 9.15．
答案是C。
1．What does the man want to do？
A．Check the new bike． B．Ride the new bike． C．Buy a new bike．
2．What did the man do before 9：00 last night？
A．He watched TV． B．He slept for a while． C．He wrote the paper．
3．Why was the offer refused？
A．It was a bit high． B．It was rather low． C．It wasn't fit for the market．
4．What does the man suggest the woman do？
A．Go to the Johnsons for dinner．
B．Do a chemistry experiment．
C．Use the old recipes tonight．
5．What's the man's decision？
A．Waiting for the bus．
B．Walking to the next stop．
C．Meeting the woman 30 minutes later．

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why does the man call Louis Catering？
A．For an invitation． B．For food and drinks． C．For conference rooms．
7．How many people will attend the party？
A．108． B．112． C．120．
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What is the man going to Canada for？
A．Research． B．Further study． C．Sightseeing．
9．What will the speakers do next？
A．Pack clothes． B．Buy a suitcase． C．Prepare materials．
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Who works in the power company？
A．The girl's father． B．The girl's classmate． C．The man's classmate．
11．How will the girl go to the power company？
A．By car． B．By taxi． C．On foot．
12．What is the girl going to do first？
A．Visit the manager． B．Get ready for a picnic． C．Chat with the workers．
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What does the competition try to find this year？
A．The best dancer． B．The best actor． C．The best singer．
14．How should people enter the competition？
A．By fax． B．By phone． C．Through the Internet．
15．When does the sports hall close this week？
A．At 10：30 pm． B．At 9：00 pm． C．At 8：00 pm．
16．What do we know about the new swimming pool？
A．It will be free for the first week．
B．It is bigger than the old one．
C．It will be open earlier than planned．
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What does CyberEdit aim to do？
A．Supply funding for businessmen．
B．Edit documents for Wired magazine．
C．Offer students computer editing services．
18．How many employees did the speaker hire at first？
A．Four． B．Five． C．Ten．
19．Why did some investors invest money in CyberEdit．
A．It promised big returns． B．It got good publicity． C．It employed 50 students．
20．When is the best time for people to develop a business？
A．When they have the idea．
B．After they graduate from college．
C．After they have rich social experience．

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Home to students from all over the world，IH London offers a truly international learning environment with English courses available for beginner，intermediate and advanced learners．If you want to advance your English，there is a wide range of courses that you can choose from．
One-to-One English
English level：Minimum A1
Course content：This course is perfect for complete beginners and advanced learners alike because everything is tailored for your needs．You will define your learning outcomes with your teacher．and they will create lessons based on your learning goals．
General English for over 30's
English level：Al and above
Course content：This course is designed for international adults aged 30 and over，who want to learn or improve their English，while exploring London and making new friends from all over the world．Lessons are based on a range of relevant and motivating materials．London is used as a resource，with learners putting their language into practice regularly while exploring London．
General English 20 Lessons
English level：A2 and above
Course content：This is a great intensive course for all levels to improve your English，with an extra focus on speaking．Students will work together to explore and review grammar in context through role-plays，discussions and presentations．The topics，language areas and materials will reflect the interests and needs of the class．
English for Future Leaders
English level：B2 and above
Course content：This course encourages students to explore contemporary leadership skills such as debating，critical thinking，and teamwork．Students work in groups with a mix of nationalities and will be split into project management groups to work through seminars and business challenges．
If you would like to know more information，please contact us at sales@ihlondon．com．
21．What is the English level required by One-to-One English？
A．B2 and above． B．A2 and above．
C．A1 and above． D．No requirements．
22．Which course focuses on improving oral English？
A．One-to-One English． B．General English for over 30's．
C．General English 20 Lessons． D．English for Future Leaders．
23．What is special about English for Future Leaders？
A．It has age limits．
B．It reviews grammar in various ways．
C．It involves more than language skills．
D．It allows students to design the course with teachers．

B
My middle child was born and rushed to the newborn intensive care unit（ICU）．I was shocked to learn that he was sick．Suddenly，my life was out of control．My husband and I with two full-time careers were dropping our 2-year-old at day care each morning before racing to visit our son at the hospital．
“Let me know what I can do，” many of our loved ones said．Instead of reaching out，I withdrew and struggled to manage everything on my plate．Why did it feel awkward being on the receiving end of assistance？
Being uncomfortable asking for help is an almost universal experience．We may worry about how embarrassing it will be if someone says no．We may also worry about how guilty we will feel if they say yes．“Do you see the person who asks for support as a burden？” I asked my mother．“No，of course not，” she said．“In fact，helping is one of the most rewarding experiences we can have．”Her words resonated（引起共鸣）with me．I was raised to be independent and to help others is something I've always enjoyed．
I felt funny relying on people outside my inner circle．I thought leaning on my closest family and friends would be most comfortable，but they lived an hour．or more away．Then the favors from others made me feel loved and supported．With them often taking care of meals and other areas of our lives，it was easier to focus and take in news from doctors．
We all wish people could read our minds，know what we need and volunteer it．Actually，they have to understand that we need help，and know what kind you want them to give-that means you really do have to ask．I'm now a pro at asking for help．I don't only rely on my inner circle．I have a large community of resources — which benefits all of us．
24．How did the author feel after her son was born？
A．Calm and indifferent． B．Cheerful and thrilled．
C．Surprised and determined． D．Astonished and overwhelmed．
25．Why was the author not willing to receive others' help at first？
A．She was afraid of being a burden to others．
B．She wanted to follow her mother's advice．
C．She was able to manage everything on her own．
D．She felt embarrassed about sharing her privacy．
26．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 4 refer to？
A．Doctors and nurses． B．The favors from others．
C．Our closest family and friends． D．People outside my inner circle．
27．What docs the author intend to convey？
A．She is a pro at asking for help．
B．Relying on our inner circle is essential．
C．Asking for help may achieve a win-win outcome．
D．Reading others' minds is the key to offering help．

C
Many people drink protein shakes regularly to lose weight，build muscle or both．Others，however，question the belief that protein shakes are better than normal，high-protein foods．So what is the truth？
Protein shakes are dietary supplements（饮食补充剂）designed to help people consume more protein than they otherwise would．Protein shakes can be ready-made drinks．Besides．people can mix their own shakes using protein powder．Protein powder can be made from plants or animals．Plant-based protein shakes can include soy．pea or rice protein．Animal-based protein powder is usually made from cows' milk．Those who want to avoid milk can also get protein powder made from egg whites．
Studies indicate that consuming protein shakes is helpful if you want to build muscle．They can also improve your performance and help you recover while exercising．And if you're losing weight，protein shakes can help to make sure that you don't lose muscle．
Consuming protein shakes can also help you lose weight．Eating a high-protein diet helps you feel full，so it's easier to resist eating too much．High-protein diets can also make your body burn energy quickly．When you use more energy than you take in through food，you lose weight．
However，you don't have to drink protein shakes to have a high-protein diet．Many wholefoods are rich in protein．In fact，the people in many high-protein diet studies didn't drink protein shakes．The studies proved the benefits of eating protein-rich foods．Moreover，these foods contain other natural nutrients besides protein．In contrast，many protein shakes contain sugar or artificial sweeteners，which are not healthy．
To sum up，yes，protein shakes are convenient，and they work．However，they are not your only choice for eating a high-protein dict．
28．What's paragraph 2 mainly about？
A．What protein shakes are． B．How protein shakes arc made．
C．Where protein shakes come from． D．Why people drink protein shakes．
29．What can be inferred about consuming protein shakes？
A．It can burn your fat directly．
B．It is beneficial to your muscle．
C．It can take the place of eating other food．
D．It is the best choice for the people in a high-protein dict．
30．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text？
A． B． C． D．
31．Which word best describes the author's attitude to protein shakes？
A．Skeptical． B．Objective．
C．Tolerant． D．Conservative．

D
Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona，in north-eastern Spain，for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town．There are injuries and deaths every year，but the event is of interest to many people．A paper just published in Science describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds．
That is a useful topic to explore．Architects，civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire，a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly collisions（碰撞）．Unfortunately，solid information is hard to come by．Daniel Parisi，the paper's lead author，realised that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment．
Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019，and filmed the runners as the animals were released．Later in the lab，they calculated the speed of the runners，the density（密度）of the crowd，the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed．
Perhaps unsurprisingly，the researchers found that runners picked up speed when the bulls drew near．Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased with the density of the crowd，which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up，in order to lower the risk of a collision，which could lead to a fall and，perhaps，injury or death．
Yet it seems that，in the heat of the moment，people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other，and do not slow down．The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future tunnels，bridges and other passages that restrict flow．The only option may well be to make them wider．
32．What did Dr Parisi and his team do in Pamplona？
A．They proved his theory．
B．They recorded a bull-run．
C．They watched a thrilling bull-fight．
D．They designed a psychological experiment．
33．What was the unexpected finding in the study？
A．People slowed down in crowded areas．
B．Tripping posed a danger to bull-runners．
C．Bulls coming near made people running faster．
D．People tended to speed up in high-density crowds．
34．What is implied in the last paragraph？
A．People lose their mind in disasters．
B．Future tunnels and bridges may be wider．
C．Panicked crowds are aware of the danger of collision．
D．Restricting flow helps to prevent people colliding each other．
35．Which is the best title for the text？
A．How crowds react to panic
B．Bull-runs caught on in Spain
C．Dr Parisi's finding shocks the world
D．What architects can learn from bull-running

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The best long distance friends are the ones who know how to communicate well．As often as we move around for school，work or family，long distance friendships are a reality of adulthood．__36__，there's no reason to let physical distance keep you from staying connected．
Be explicit and intentional about keeping your long distance friend
If you want to keep people in your life，you have to tell them and be ready to put in the effort．Whether you've just moved away from your friend or you've been apart for years，long distance friendships require a mutual（互相的）commitment．That means reaching out，finding time to hang out，and showing your friend you value them．__37__．
Use common interests to feel connected
Develop an "anchor" for your friendship．__38___．Maybe you both love cooking，so you each send photos of the new dishes you make with a link to the recipe．Or you both love，let's say，the HBO show Euphoria，and you text to discuss it after each episode comes out．It doesn't really matter what it is，as long as it helps you initiate a connection．
Don't hesitate to reach out
__39__．When phone calls won't cut it，think about a visit．Visiting is one of the most important things you can do to keep a long distance friendship going．
Address conflicts openly
Separation is hard．Miscommunication happens．And because there's just a limited amount of time you get with your friend，it's easy to let conflicts go unaddressed．In fact，addressing conflict is one of the ways you can become closer with your friend．__40__．It's recommended to do it in a non-accusatory way．Then，ask your friend what their experience of the issue was and try to see things from both sides．
A．But bringing issues up can feel scary
B．Remember that they treasure you as well
C．It is something that you have in common
D．Although friends are long-lost family members
E．Create the space to make your friend feel valued
F．Show your friend they don't need to fear rejection
G．While they might require some planning and creativity to keep up

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If someone said they'd pay you 1，800 dollars to keep away from social media for six years，would you do it？Could you？Sivert Klefsaas did just that．
Lorna，Sivert Klefsaas's mother，was __41__ by a challenge she heard on the radio called the “16 for 16”，where a mother gave her daughter 1，600 dollars when she turned 16 if she __42__ social media．She decided to extend for two extra years and offered 200 dollars __43__．
Sivert said it wasn't that __44__ to live without social media，and he didn't think about it much during the six years．As a 12-year-old boy，Sivert said he wasn't using social media much anyway．The only app he had prior to the __45__ was Snapchat — which he deleted a day after trying it out．
“I would say there was __46__ a point when I thought I was about to break without social media，” he said．“And as it went on，it was more of a pride thing．” He also had his friends to keep him up to date on the latest information or trends．“I got to avoid all the __47__ drama that was on there，” Sivert added．Lorna said she never had to check for any apps her son Sivert __48__ downloaded．“He's so __49__ and he wanted to prove he could make it，” she said．It also meant he had more time to focus on his grades and sports instead．
“We are certainly not against social media，yet it's the __50__ using of it that we care about，” Lorna noted．And her son had already decided on his first attempt at social media：getting Instagram．“There's definitely a learning __51__，” Sivert said．“I see my friends __52__ in their social media apps and I can't do that quite well yet．”
Having heard what Sivert said，Lorna added，“It's about not letting yourself get __53__ down by it，or affected by the things people post online，or even __54__ to it．” To her satisfaction，she thinks her son now has a “different __55__ ” on social media than he would have at age 12．
41．A．inspired B．encouraged C．advocated D．driven
42．A．stayed on B．stayed off C．stayed out D．stayed up
43．A．less B．most C．more D．least
44．A．common B．interesting C．difficult D．useful
45．A．barrier B．research C．game D．bet
46．A．seldom B．never C．ever D．even
47．A．awesome B．uncertain C．vital D．unnecessary
48．A．secretly B．publicly C．quietly D．cautiously
49．A．worried B．ashamed C．competitive D．delighted
50．A．constant B．accidental C．random D．healthy
51．A．condition B．process C．line D．result
52．A．excel B．hand C．get D．take
53．A．weighed B．put C．broken D．torn
54．A．applied B．addicted C．admitted D．exposed
55．A．beginning B．role C．impact D．view

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a traditional form of expression associated with important celebrations and festivities．Urtiin Duu plays 56．_______ honoured and distinct role in Mongolian society．It 57．_______（perform）at weddings，the birth of a child，and other social events celebrated by Mongolia's communities．The Urtiin Duu can also be heard at the Naadam，a festival 58．_______（feature）wrestling，archery and horseracing competitions．
The Urtiin Duu is a lyrical chant，which is characterized 59．_______ an abundance of falsettos（假声），an extremely wide vocal range and a free compositional form．The rising melody is slow and steady 60．______ the falling melody is often integrated with a 61．_______（live）rhythm．
Widely 62．_______（believe）to have originated 2，000 years ago，the Urtiin Duu has been recorded in literary works since the thirteenth century．However，since the 1950s，63．_______（urban）and industrialization have increasingly replaced traditional nomadic（游牧民的）lifestyles，and parts of the grassland where tradition-bearers used to live 64．_______（fall）victim to desertification，causing many families to shift to a non-nomadic way of life 65．_______ many classical themes of Urtiin Duu，such as the praise of typical nomads' virtues and experiences，lose their relevance．

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，正在为高考紧张地复习，但最近你遇到了一些问题或困难，导致学习效率比较低下。于是你给你校的外籍心理老师John写一封信寻求帮助。内容包括：
1．你的问题或困难；
2．希望获得帮助。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置如答。
Dear John，














Sincerely yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was 13，I climbed my first mountain．I was overweight at the time and out of breath when I reached the peak．But I loved the challenge of it．Soon I'd climbed nearly 100 peaks．My parents were happy I'd finally found my favorite hobby．
I often go climbing with my friend Mel Olsen．Two years ago，on December 30，when I was 16，she and I drove to Oregon to tackle 11，240-foot Mount Hood．
It's safer to start winter climbs at night when there's less risk of the sun melting the snowpack．That day，we started at 3 a．m．，following the paths alongside the ski runs．The temperature was about 14 degrees，and we wore layers we could easily remove，knowing the climbing would make us warm．
After about five hours，we reached Devil's Kitchen，a plateau（高原）at about 10，000 feet，just before the final push to the top．By this point，the wind conditions were very unpleasant．My exposed skin felt as though it were burning．Some other climbers decided to turn back．but Mel and I went ahead．We had ice axes（斧子），helmets and crampons（带钉铁鞋底）．We were prepared for the climb．
The trail we followed grew narrower and steeper．At around 9 a．m．，we reached an ice step．It was about three or four feet tall and sloped at a 75-degree angle．I volunteered to go first．I placed my left foot on the ice step．
You gain a sense of the ice when you stick your ax and crampons into it，and it felt good．Confident that I was safe，I put my full weight on it．Suddenly I heard a crack，and a whole thick piece of ice broke off the step，right under my foot．
In an instant，I fell backward．I could hear Mel calling my name as I fell down，bouncing off the rock face and rolling down the mountain as if I were a character in a video game．I remember thinking，“That is it．You're done．”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I stuck out my arms and legs，grabbing at anything．






With Mel by my side I'd been lying on the icy rock for four hours by the time the rescuers reached me．