热点05 完形填空（新高考新题型热点话题）-2022年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用）

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热点05 完型填空（新高考）



一篇200词左右的短文，被挖去15个空格，势必会造成文意残缺，但完形填空挖空的精妙之处就在于“藕虽断，线还连”。这千丝万缕的“丝”能保证文意的疏通连贯，高考命题正是利用这一点来进行科学布“空”，故在解答完形填空时，一定要通读全篇，先把握文章大意，再根据文意和基本语言知识逐一完形。切忌“只见树木，不见森林”的碎片化、片断化答题方式。
命题专家有话说
新高考新变化
从2021年新高考全国卷来看，完形填空有如下变化：
1．完形填空是以语篇信息为基础，以中心脉络信息为主线，多层面反复式信息为暗示，纵横向立体式信息相照应，给考生提供足够的解题信息。
2．完形填空的考点层次从低到高可分为：词汇层次、句子层次、语篇层次。
3． (1)文章长度：200词左右，较以往20空完形填空有所减短。
(2)空格设置：由原来的20空变为15个空，分值也大大降低，由以往的30分降为15分。
4、选材特点：
完形填空的体裁主要以记叙文为主，主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会及人与自然，选材都是积极向上、充满正能量的文章，在思想上和行动上树立了积极的榜样，倡导至真、至善、至美的价值观。
5、 考查特点
主要考查实词。一般情况下，名词和动词(短语)考查的数量在2/3以上。在能力方面着重考查考生的词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。


1、练好基本功 多读、多记，加大输入量，不断积累，及时归纳总结，从量变到质变。
2、培养“两”感 多想、多悟，培养良好的词感和语感。
3、多做填字游戏 读的时候头脑清醒，能做的时候先做；不能做的，暂时放弃，眼光放远一点，就会有柳暗花明之时，找到做题的线索。
4、核心素养提升， 多阅读弘扬正能量的语篇，多积累有关英语国家的社会文化、风俗习惯及基本的地理、历史知识等。
一
宏观把握完形新思路——三步解题流程

[2021·新高考卷Ⅰ]
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, __41__ little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its __42__ throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for __43__ help during our spring break, for which I had no __44__ beyond listening to my favorite records. I'd __45__ minimum wage. I'd see how a factory __46__. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their __47__.
Our __48__ in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. __49__ bunny from the belt. This was __50__ than it sounds. __51__ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I'd __52__.
Dad __53__. The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood __54__ food in Bernardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you __55__ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.

41．A.sold B．ordered
C.made D．reserved
42．A.stores B．families
C.schools D．citizens
43．A.generous B．financial
C.technical D．temporary
44．A.plans B．problems
C.excuses D．hobbies
45．A.offer B．earn
C.set D．suggest
46．A.worked B．closed
C.developed D．survived
47．A.ambition B．permission
C.experience D．invitation
48．A.joys B．ideas
C.roles D．choices
49．A.Save B．Keep
C.Stop D．Remove
50．A.harder B．better
C.longer D．cheaper
51．A.Calm down B．Slow down
C.Stay on D．Move on
52．A.indicated B．witnessed
C.expected D．remembered
53．A.cried B．smiled
C.hesitated D．refused
54．A.tasting B．finding
C.sharing D．delivering
55．A.withdraw B．donate
C.receive D．appreciate


三步解题流程
第一步
做完形填空题时，考生应根据首句给出的提示，借助文中的关键词，简要了解文章大意。快速通读全文，抓住主线，理清脉络，把握全篇。通览全文明大意
根据第一遍浏览时的印象，分清空格属于哪种设题类型，

第二步 先易后难逐级填
1、句内层次题
口在碰到句内层次题时，可以边读边结合已经掌握的信息，-边读边填，做出选择，如有必要，可再回读相关句子。
2、句组层次题
碰到句组层次题时，先放下该空，采用跳读的方法，继续阅读与其相邻的几个句子，查找相关信息点，然后细读，准确理解。前后看看句意，选择符合语境的答案。
3、语篇层次题
对于语篇层次题，需要综合全篇信息作答。所以，语篇层次题考查的是综合逻辑分析能力。考生在做这类题目时，不要急于作答，一定要等到信息足够明了，放到最后再作判断。

第三步复核验证读全篇
填空全部完成后，将选项代入原文，通读一遍，看读文是否流畅、语意是否连贯，对感到很不通顺的地方，可以从语法、词义、习惯用法、固定搭配、背景知识等方面进一步验证和确定答案。
解 题 口诀
句内层次最简单，根据已知便能填。句组层次也不难，放下该空前后看。
语篇层次确实难，解题信息找不全。此类问题不要慌，放眼全篇细思量。
句内句组不能解，暂时跳过放一放。等到信息足够全，综合思维把它判。




1．词不离句、句不离篇原则
做题时避免见空填空，即看到一个空格，直接看选项进行选择，失误率会大大增加。完形填空强调单词、短语在语境(句子层面、段落层面，篇章层面)中的应用。填第一空时，务必读到第二空，很多时候两个题空之间出题者往往给了很多暗示和线索，依次类推。
2．无关词排除原则
文章一般都有非常明确的中心主线，结构很紧凑，正确选项一般都是紧扣文章的中心主线，一些看上去明显和文章主线毫无关系的选项，可以排除在外。
3．末段紧扣主题原则
文章的末段通常是本文内容的升华，或是主旨大意的概括，或是作者思想境界的提升等，总之与主题密切相关，与文章主题无关或相左的选项可以排除。


Test 1
[2021·福建省高三诊断性练习]When Leah was 10, she saw a need for change in the world. “People are supposed to show __1__ and sympathy，” she says. “But that wasn't happening.”
Leah decided to __2__ her handmade bracelets (手镯) at a local event and asked each person who got one to do a kind deed for someone else. A note __3__ to each bracelet said，“Let's just show other people they are __4__.”
As Leah gave out bracelets, __5__ spread. She began to receive bracelet requests worldwide, and to hear from people who'd delivered kind deeds. One person __6__ a tired store clerk with sandwiches. Another paid for a stranger's coffee. “A story that __7__ touched my heart was that someone established a homeless camp！” she says.
When Leah couldn't __8__ requests for the bracelets, she began selling wristbands (腕带) with “Kindness Travels” on the outside and “kind” on the inside in __9__ languages.
So far, she has sent out 10，000 wristbands. She has __10__ a party for kids at a homeless shelter, paid rents for hurricane __11__ and more, using the money from wristbands __12__ and donations.
Leah hopes to __13__ other kids who want to help others. “Just come up with ideas! Never be __14__，” she says. “Age is just a __15__. You always have the power to do something.”

1．A.pleasure B．patience
C.love D．curiosity
2．A.pick up B．put away
C.show off D．hand out
3．A.compared B．attached
C.opened D．connected
4．A.ignored B．infected
C.valued D．engaged
5．A.word B．passion
C.anxiety D．happiness
6．A.bothered B．surprised
C.upset D．embarrassed
7．A.genuinely B．hardly
C.slightly D．relatively
8．A.deny B．advance
C.meet D．delay
9．A.native B．complex
C.natural D．different
10．A.attended B．organized
C.canceled D．postponed
11．A.victims B．researchers
C.reporters D．observers
12．A.sales B．funds
C.designs D．advertisements
13．A.respect B．contact
C.recommend D．encourage
14．A.mean B．scared
C.content D．proud
15．A.gap B．problem
C.number D．barrier


Test 2
[2021·南京市、盐城市高三二模]I was born well and complete. Then, __1__， I became an “alien” with bulging (隆起的) eyes. That must have made my parents extremely __2__. Because of this, my father often found it hard to stay close to me and began to keep a __3__. I believed that he no longer __4__ me, when in fact his heart felt greatest pain.
Things __5__ when I was three. An eye doctor suggested an eyelid transplant (眼睑移植). My parents __6__ to donate their eyelids and the doctor picked my father after an examination.
So our family's __7__ began, wandering between darkness and light for the next five years. My dad was first taken to the operating room. When this was completed, it was my turn. I __8__ remember the acid smell, filling me with __9__. Knowing that my parents were waiting just outside __10__ my fear. I soon fell asleep.
My eyes had been so badly damaged. To __11__ the damage, the doctor had to cut some eyelid tissue from my dad and transplant it to me so that my eyes could regain a rounded look.
It's __12__ that, since then, my dad and I have shared something together. This __13__ will continue to flow in my blood and __14__ in my life for years to come. I'm sure my parents won't forget the scene where the doctor removed the gauze (纱布) from my eyes. That __15__ moment has stayed with me since I started my journey between darkness and light.

1．A.obviously B．certainly
C.suddenly D．actually
2．A.angry B．sad
C.amazed D．tired
3．A.promise B．secret
C.distance D．record
4．A.supported B．remembered
C.tended D．loved
5．A.followed B．changed
C.succeeded D．continued
6．A.volunteered B．planned
C.struggled D．managed
7．A.recovery B．journey
C.dilemma D．balance
8．A.even B．still
C.just D．also
9．A.joy B．anger
C.fear D．comfort
10．A.showed B．caused
C.doubled D．calmed
11．A.avoid B．reduce
C.assess D．repair
12．A.strange B．necessary
C.possible D．embarrassing
13．A.activity B．strength
C.treatment D．connection
14．A.live on B．turn up
C.come out D．set off
15．A.actual B．brief
C.precious D．extra













一、宏观把握完形新思路——三步解题流程

【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者上中学时利用假期在一家烘焙工厂打工的经历，这段经历让作者意识到要重视自己的劳动所得并尊重那些工作的人。
41．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据上文中的“I worked in a baking factory”可知，作者在烘焙工厂工作，因此这里说的是Hough Bakeries为其遍布克利夫兰市的所有商店(stores)制作(made)兔子蛋糕。因此选C。
42．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。参见上题解析。
43．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据上文中的“for three whole days”和下文中的“during our spring break”可知，这里说的是春假期间，市中心的工厂需要临时找八个孩子来帮忙。generous“慷慨的，大方的”；financial“财务的，金融的”；technical“技术的，专业的”；temporary“临时的，暂时的”。因此选D。
44．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。本空所在定语从句中的关系代词which指代上文中的“spring break”，这里说的是对于春假，除了听听最喜欢的唱片之外，作者没有任何计划(plans)。因此选A。
45．答案与解析：B　考查语境和常识推断。作者当时还是中学生，要做的是临时工的工作，因此作者觉得自己能挣得(earn)最低工资。因此选B。
46．答案与解析：A　考查语境和常识推断。作者去工厂打工，在那里，她能获知工厂是如何运转(worked)的，因此选A。
47．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据上文中的“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad”及作者去了Betsy父亲所在的工厂工作的内容可知，这里说的是作者的父母同意她去打短工，并给Betsy的父亲打了电话。ambition“抱负，雄心”；permission“同意，允许”；experience“经历，经验”；invitation“邀请，鼓励”。因此选B。
48．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears...from the belt.”可知，这里介绍的是作者他们在工厂的具体工作或职责。roles除了表示“角色”外，还可以表示“职责，作用”，因此选C。
49．答案与解析：D　考查逻辑推断。这里说的是作者在工厂的具体工作：把蛋糕放在传送带上，贴上有糖霜的耳朵、眼睛和鼻子，然后再把做好的兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。remove“拿开，移开”符合语境，因此选D。
50．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“the cakes pile up”“a little more high-pressure”可知，这里说的是作者他们的工作并不像听上去那么简单，也就是说他们的工作还是比较难做的(harder)。因此选A。
51．答案与解析：B　考查逻辑推断。根据下文中的“the cakes pile up”可知，如果动作慢一点，蛋糕就会堆积起来。calm down“安静，镇静”；slow down“慢下来，减速”；stay on“留下来继续(学习、工作等)”；move on“开始做，换话题”。因此选B。
52．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。做了一天之后，作者发现这个工作给人的压力比自己起初预料的要大得多。indicate“暗示，表明”；witness“亲眼看见，亲身经历”；expect“预计，预料”；remember“记得，记起”。因此选C。
53．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据下文说到的作者的父亲童年时期的“打工”经历可知，作者的父亲是理解作者当下的感受的，所以他会心一笑(smiled)。因此选B。
54．答案与解析：D　考查语境和常识推断。根据上文中的“The son of a grocer”可知，作者的父亲是食品杂货店店主的儿子；再结合常识可知，作者的父亲有时需要给他人送(delivering)食物。因此选D。
55．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work”可知，作者的父亲告诉作者，这种工作能让她学会重视自己的劳动所得，并尊重那些工作的人。withdraw“撤回，撤销”；donate“捐赠”；receive“接受”；appreciate“欣赏，重视，感激”。因此选D。

Test 1
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——人物故事——传递善良
【文章大意】　Leah在10岁时看到世界需要改变。她决定在一场本地活动中分发手工制作的手镯，并请求得到手镯的人为他人做一件好事。后来她开始卖带有“传递善良”字样的腕带，并用所得的钱与捐赠物帮助更多的人。另外，她还鼓励其他想帮助别人的孩子：年龄只是数字，你总是有能力去做一些事。
1．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据下文讲的Leah分发手工制作的手镯，并请求收到手镯的人为他人做一件好事可知，此处表示人们应该表现出爱和同情。故选C项。
2．答案与解析：D　考查同义复现。根据第三段中的“As Leah gave out bracelets”可知，Leah是在“分发”手镯，D项“hand out”与“gave out”均有分发之意。故选D项。
3．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处是指在每个手镯上“贴上”一个便条。故选B项。
4．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，Leah请求得到手镯的人为他人做一件好事，这是珍视他人的表现。故选C项。
5．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据空后的“began to receive bracelet requests worldwide”可知，Leah分发手镯时，“消息”传了出去。word“信息，消息”。故选A项。
6．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据空前的“to hear from people who'd delivered kind deeds”可知，本句举例说明别人的善举：一个人给一个疲惫不堪的店员送三明治令店员“感到意外”。故选B项。
7．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境并结合选项可知，有人建立了一个无家可归者的营地让Leah真正地受到触动。genuinely“真诚地，真正地”；hardly“几乎不”；slightly“略微；稍微”；relatively“相对地”。故选A项。
8．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据上文可知，Leah开始收到来自全世界的手镯请求，故此处应是当她不能“满足”手镯请求时，她就开始卖带有“善心传递”字样的腕带。故选C项。
9．答案与解析：D　考查语境和常识推断。根据上文可知，Leah之前收到了全世界范围内的手镯请求，所以她腕带的售卖范围也应是全世界，而根据常识可知，世界各地使用的语言不同。故选D项。
10．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，这个聚会的一部分资金是售卖腕带所得，所以聚会应是由Leah组织的。attend“参加”；organize“组织”；cancel“取消”；postpone“推迟”。故选B项。
11．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境并结合选项可知，她为飓风的“受害者”付租金。victim“受害者，牺牲品”。故选A项。
12．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断和同义复现。根据上文中的“selling wristbands”可知，此处指使用出售腕带所得的钱。故选A项。
13．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据下文Leah说的话可知，她希望“鼓励”想帮助他人的孩子们。故选D项。
14．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，Leah是在鼓励其他孩子们勇于提出想法，传播善良。故选B项。
15．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，Leah在10岁时就认为世界需要改变了，所以她认为对想帮助他人的孩子们来说，年龄只是一个数字，你总有能力去做一些事。gap“隔阂；差距；分歧”；barrier“障碍”。故选C项。
Test 2
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——父母对我的关爱与付出
【文章大意】　儿时，我的眼睛隆起，父亲发现靠近我很难，开始与我保持距离，在我看来，父亲不再爱我。可是，我不知道彼时父亲内心的巨大痛苦。在我3岁时，一位眼科医生建议我进行手术，父母都愿意为我捐赠眼睑，最终医生决定使用父亲的眼睑。在接下来的5年的治疗过程中，为了我的眼病，父亲和我轮流接受手术，我也越来越感受到父母给予我的爱和力量。
1．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，我出生时身体健全、健康，由此可知，眼睛隆起是突然发生的。
2．答案与解析：B　考查常识推断。根据常识及语境可推知，我由一个健康的孩子变成一个眼睛隆起的孩子，这肯定会让父母感到十分难过。
3．答案与解析：C　考查逻辑推断。空前提及父亲发现靠近我很难，由此可知，此处表示保持距离。
4．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境可推知，因为父亲开始与我保持距离，所以我认为父亲不再爱我。
5．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，一位医生建议我进行眼睑移植手术，因此事情发生了变化。
6．答案与解析：A　考查语境和常识推断。根据空后的“the doctor picked my father after an examination”并结合常识可推知，当我需要做眼睑移植手术时，作为父母，他们自愿为我捐赠眼睑。
7．答案与解析：B　考查词汇复现。根据文章最后一句中的“I started my journey between darkness and light”并结合语境可知，在接下来的5年里，我们一家开始了在黑暗与光明之间徘徊的历程。
8．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据叙述内容可推知，现在回想起来，我仍然能记起那种酸味，让我充满了恐惧。
9．答案与解析：C　考查词汇复现和常识推断。根据空后一句中的“my fear”并结合常识可推知，我当时是个孩子，要接受手术，自然会害怕。
10．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据空后一句“I soon fell asleep”可推知，此处表示知道父母就在外面等安抚了我的恐惧心理。calm“(使)平静，(使)镇定”符合语境。
11．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据空前的“badly damaged”可推知，医生需要修复我的创伤。
12．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境可推知，自从父亲为我捐赠眼睑之后，我和父亲共享一些东西，这是奇特的(strange)。
13．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据空前的“my dad and I have shared something together”可推知，此处应用connection“联系”。
14．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，我与父亲之间的联系不仅继续流淌在我的血液里，更会在未来的许多年里继续存在(live on)。B项“到达，到来”；C项“出现，出版，开花”；D项“出发”。
15．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境和文章的内容可知，医生揭开纱布那一刻是我和父母难忘的时刻，自从我开始在黑暗与光明之间徘徊，这个宝贵的时刻一直伴随着我。




二　
多法并举、瞻前顾后， 稳取句内、句组、语篇层次题
一、5 大方法速判句内层次题
句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息凭借语感即可顺利选出答案。对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。

方法1 利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题

　[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be __41__ to the public because of Italy's privacy laws, 42.finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin.
41．A.attached B．allocated
C．exposed D．submitted
分析：本题可以利用习惯搭配解题。根据下文的“because of Italy's privacy laws”可知主人公的真名是隐私的、不可透露的。由此可知正确选项。
自主解答：________

方法2 利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。

　[2021·全国卷乙]And there you have it. To many people, __59__ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an extra and should be rewarded.
59．A.risking B．changing
C．saving D．building
分析：第59题考查语境和常识推断。对许多人来说，挽救(saving)生命是医护人员工作的一部分，但是做头发是额外的(extra)事，应当得到酬谢。risk“冒险”；change“改变”；build“培养，发展”。
自主解答：________

方法3 利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。

　[2021·浙江卷]．..However，within fifteen minutes of 39.arriving，my worries had gone. Everyone was so __40__ and like-minded that it was very 41.easy to feel at home.
40．A.confident B．friendly
C．energetic D．curious
分析：本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。
Everyone was so __40__　and　like-minded that it was
　　　　 　形容词 并列连词　形容词
very 41.easy to feel at home.
从上述分析可以看出，第40题与“like-minded”形成对应关系。因为有and这一并列连词，并且and前后意思应该一致，由此可知正确选项。
自主解答：________

方法4 利用逻辑关系解题
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。

　[2020·山东高考模拟卷]I am willing to 32.stay__up here for as long as it takes, __33__ I honestly hope it won't be 34.too__long before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest that will never be 35.logged.
33．A.but　　　 B．though
C．because　　 D．so
分析：本题可以利用转折关系解题。空前提到“我愿意待在树上”，空后说“我不希望待在树上太长时间”，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系。
自主解答：________

方法5 利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。

　[2021·全国卷乙]She was__49__for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge，we shared in her50.delight at her recovery. As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
49．A.grateful B．thoughtful
C．sorrowful D．fearful
分析：本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her”可推知，她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thoughtful“周到的，体贴的”；sorrowful“悲伤的”；fearful“担心的，害怕的”
自主解答：________


二、4大技巧稳抓句组层次题
句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需瞻前顾后，综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。

技巧1 利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
1．原词复现
　
[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]One day they'll 47.wake__up and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a __48__．
I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences. I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we're telling is doing 52.spiritual__ damage to our children.
48．A.dream B．lie
C．fantasy D．fact
分析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。由下文的“ I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie ...”并结合语境可知正确选项。
自主解答：________

2．同义复现

　[2021·3月天津卷]For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got __16__ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17.emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18.instead.
16．A.amazed B．mad
C．curious D．frightened
分析：本题可以利用同义复现解题。根据下文的“After letting go of his anger and frustration”可知此处和“anger”“ frustration”是同义词，由此可知正确选项。
自主解答：________

3．反义复现

　[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Our 48.roles in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49.Remove bunny from the belt. This was __50__ than it sounds. 51.Slow__down a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night，it was all a little more high- pressure than I'd 52.expected.
50．A.harder B．better
C．longer D．cheaper
分析：本题可以利用反义复现解题。尽管前文提到了“Our 48.roles in the factory were simple”，根据下文中的“the cakes pile up”“a little more high- pressure”可知，作者想表达实际上作者他们的工作并不像听上去那么简单， harder与simple构成反义复现。
自主解答：________
4．代词复现

　[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56.backed__off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the __57__ if he was needed or 58.free to go. They let him and the other man go.
57．A.woman B．police
C．man D．driver
分析：本题可以利用代词复现解题。根据语境和下文中的“They”可知，拉里问是否还需要他，问的对象肯定是这些急救人员。下文中的代词“They”是复数，四个选项中只有police是集合名词，表示复数，也符合常识。
自主解答：________

技巧2 利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题
在完形填空中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。

　[2021·浙江卷1月]My job was to 45.build a stairway out of rock. This 46.meant climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions，although I should say they were only heard，never 47.seen.
Three days later，a beautiful stairway came into being. The __48__ of knowing that my 49.work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
48．A.satisfaction B．ambition
C．expectation D．intention
分析：本题可以利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据划线处后半句“my 49.work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive”，“了解我的工作成果(work)将会在未来数年都在这个山坡上”，作者对自己的工作有十足的满足感，故用satisfaction“满足，满足感”。
自主解答：________

技巧3 利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。

　[2021·天津卷3月]In addition to 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. __32__， the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
32．A.Otherwise B．However
C．Somehow D．Meanwhile
分析：本题考查连接词，可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据语境可知，此处表示与此同时，孩子们也获得了成就感。otherwise“否则，不然”；however“但是”；somehow“以某种方式”；meanwhile“与此同时”。
自主解答：________


　[2020·新高考山东卷]When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23.disturbing happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24.damage it caused had driven away a number of birds. __25__， the number of snakes had declined as well.
25．A.Besides B．However
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
分析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。空前提到“鸟的数量减少了”，空后提到“蛇的数量也减少了”，此处表示语意上的递进。
自主解答：________

技巧4 利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。

　[2021·全国卷甲]Burchill was 41.staying at the hotel on business and planning to 42.visit some friends in the area. They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he __44__ a suitcase full of pepperoni.
44．A.filled B．locked
C．abandoned D．lost
分析：本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文“They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east”，可推知Burchill应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给朋友，此题选A符合上下文语境。
自主解答：________


Test 1
[2021·武汉市三月质量检测]One day I was driving to the marsh (湿地) for bird-watching. The weather forecast called for the possibility of fog. As I __1__ the destination, the fog began to __2__. At a turning, I lost __3__ of the car and ran into the wet land.
I tried to open the door, but it was locked as the water had __4__ the electrical system. I remembered I had a fire extinguisher (灭火器). I __5__ it and gave the window a __6__ hit. It merely bounced off. I hit it again, with the __7__ result.
The water level had risen, and soon I was swinging the extinguisher underwater. I had to __8__ for air and down to take as many __9__ as my breath would allow. I was nearly __10__. A part of me just wanted to give up. But then another thought came to mind, “You have __11__ more time. What will you do with it？” “I'm going to try __12__，” I responded.
I __13__ swinging the fire extinguisher as hard as I could and suddenly the impact felt different. I __14__ my left hand and felt a hole in the __15__. I knew I was going to live.,

1．A.sought B．approached
C．chose D．visited
2．A.rise B．lift
C．decrease D．disappear
3．A.sight B．track
C．touch D．control
4．A.operated B．settled
C．shorted D．developed
5．A.broke B．grabbed
C．hung D．closed
6．A.gentle B．mild
C．direct D．sharp
7．A.same B．joyful
C．positive D．different
8．A.go out B．go away
C．go up D．go over
9．A.fists B．swings
C．cuts D．calls
10．A.delighted B．disappointed
C．determined D．desperate
11．A.a little B．much
C．plenty of D．far
12．A.weaker B．harder
C．better D．worse
13．A.started B．paused
C．continued D．considered
14．A.waved B．shook
C．extended D．took
15．A.car B．door
C．extinguisher D．window

Test 2
[2021·八校高三第一次联考]When I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010, we were in the fallout of the recession (经济衰退). She said a polite “No”．
That didn't stop me. I searched the __1__ on the Internet for a keyboard, drew the keys on a piece of paper and __2__ it on my desk. I would click notes on an online __3__ and “play” them back on my paper one — keeping the __4__ they made on the computer in my head. Once my mom saw that I was __5__， she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.
I still remember the first one. I was __6__ by how real the sound of the piano was. I __7__ my grade one test after eight lessons. But when I started secondary school, we couldn't __8__ lessons again. I passed grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper.
When I was about 13, my mom said she had a __9__ for me; it was an electronic keyboard, bought with more borrowed money. It was the first time I'd played for her.
Later I found The Purcell School for young musicians. The tryouts were __10__. Some of the questions __11__ an assessment of the composer or when the music was written. I felt stressed out. To my amazement I was offered a __12__. At Purcell, I saved enough money to buy my first piano.
When I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior academic music prize. I am now at the Guildhall School of Drama & Music in London, one of the world's leading music schools. I feel proud: it's been more than 10 years __13__ I drew my paper keyboard. I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano, which we call __14__ practice. The paper keyboard helped solve my __15__ about how music works and what forms the masterpieces.

1．A.measurements B．tunes
C．pictures D．scales
2．A.folded B．piled
C．wrapped D．stuck
3．A.screen B．course
C．keyboard D．website
4．A.voice B．sound
C．whisper D．record
5．A.nervous B．disappointed
C．satisfied D．serious
6．A.amused B．frightened
C．struck D．accessed
7．A.ran into B．got across
C．passed by D．got through
8．A.afford B．perform
C．postpone D．participate
9．A.secret B．task
C．question D．surprise
10．A.easy B．tough
C．enjoyable D．fulfilling
11．A.related B．affected
C．involved D．collected
12．A.role B．prize
C．place D．refund
13．A.after B．since
C．until D．before
14．A.mental B．abundant
C．false D．fancy
15．A.generosity B．belief
C．passion D．curiosity

















二　多法并举、瞻前顾后， 稳取句内、句组、语篇层次题

一、
方法1　答案：C
方法2　答案：C
方法3　答案：B
方法4　答案：A
方法5　答案：A
二、
技巧1
1．答案：B
2．答案：B
3．答案：A
4．答案：B
技巧2　答案：A
技巧3　答案：1.D　2.A
技巧4　答案：A

Test 1
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——个人故事——作者是如何摆脱困境的
【文章大意】　作者叙述自己有一天开车去沼泽地观鸟时，车子失去控制陷进了沼泽地，当作者处在危险的境地时，他经过不断的尝试和努力，成功摆脱了困境。
1．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据文章中的“One day I was driving to the marsh (湿地) for bird-watching”可知，有一天作者开车去沼泽地观鸟。显然，此句的意思是“当我快到(approached)目的地时”。故选B。而seek“寻找”；choose“选择”；visit“参观”，不符合文意。
2．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据前面的“The weather forecast called for the possibility of fog”可知，天气预报说可能有雾。显然要用rise，意思是“雾开始逐渐变大”。故选A。而lift“举起”；decrease“减少”；disappear“消失”，均不符合文意。
3．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据后面的“ran into the wet land”可以判断出，车陷进了沼泽地，这就暗示作者失去了对车的控制。短语lose control of意思是“失去对……的控制”。lose sight of“看不见，忽略”，lose track of“与……失去联系”。
4．答案与解析：C　考查逻辑推断。此处表示“我试图打开门，但是门被锁住了，因为水使得电路系统短路(shorted)”。注意此处short作动词，意思是“使短路”。而operate“操作”；settle“解决”；develop“发展”，均不符合文意。
5．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据上文中出现的fire extinguisher(灭火器)可推断，显然作者在这里是抓起(grabbed)了它，然后给窗户狠狠一击。break“打破”；hang“悬挂”；close“关闭”，不符合文章的意思。
6．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。作者用灭火器对窗户狠狠一击。对比选项gentle“柔和的，温柔的”，mild“轻微的，温和的”，direct“直接的”，sharp“锋利的，尖的”可以看出，使用sharp更符合句子的意思。
7．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。它只是弹开了。作者又打了一下，结果还是一样(same)。其他选项joyful“快乐的”；positive“积极的”；different“不同的”，均不符合文意。
8．答案与解析：C　考查逻辑推断。根据前面的意思可知，水位上升，很快作者就在水下挥动灭火器。显然作者被淹没在水下了，他就不得不从水中浮上来(go up)呼吸空气。而go out“出去”；go away“离开”；go over“仔细检查”，均不符合文意。
9．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据文章前面的意思，很快作者就在水下挥动灭火器，显然此处要用swings，意思是“摆动，挥动”，表示“只要我的呼吸允许，我必须尽可能多挥动灭火器”。fist“拳头”；cut“伤口”，call“喊声”，均不符合文章的意思。
10．答案与解析：D　考查逻辑推断。根据上下文可知，作者几乎绝望(desperate)了。而delighted“高兴的”；disappointed“失望的”；determined“有决心的”，均不符合文章的意思。
11．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者感觉到他只有一点(a little)时间了。而much“许多”；plenty of“大量的”，均与文章的意思不符。
12．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者在这里心里想的一定是要更努力(harder)。而weaker“更虚弱”；better“更好”；worse“更糟糕”，不符合文意。
13．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。作者继续(continued)挥动着灭火器。而start“开始”；pause“暂停”；consider“认为”，均不符合文意。
14．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。此句的意思是“我伸出(extended)左手，感觉到窗户上有个洞”。选项wave“挥动”；shake“摇动”；take“拿”，均不符合文意。
15．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据上文中的“I __5__ it and gave the window a __6__ hit”可知，此处指的是窗户。
Test 2
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——人物故事——追逐音乐梦想
【文章大意】　2010年的时候，作者询问母亲能否去上钢琴课，但是因为经济困难，母亲拒绝了作者。作者只好在纸上画琴键，自己默默练习。母亲看出作者是认真的，借钱给作者报了10节钢琴课。13岁那年，母亲给作者买了一个电子琴，作者第一次给母亲演奏。后来，作者考上了普赛尔学校，攒钱买了自己的第一架钢琴。现在，作者又进入了世界领先的音乐学院之一，实现了自己的音乐梦想。
1．答案与解析：A　考查语境和常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，作者为了在纸上画琴键，需要在网上搜索尺寸。
2．答案与解析：D　考查常识推断。结合常识可知，为了方便练习，作者把画着琴键的纸粘在桌上。
3．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者在网上琴键上敲出音符，然后在纸琴键上练习。
4．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，为了在纸上练习弹钢琴，作者需要把电脑上的声音记在脑子里。
5．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者为了学习弹钢琴，在纸上画钢琴键，坚持练习，因此作者是认真的(serious)。
6．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者第一次上钢琴课，被真正的钢琴声音打动了。be struck by sth.“被某物打动”。
7．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者在上了八节钢琴课后，顺利通过(got through)了钢琴等级一级考试。
8．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境和下文中的“practicing only on my piece of paper”可知，由于家庭困难，作者无法再次承担钢琴课了。
9．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境和下文中的“it was an electronic keyboard”可知，作者家境贫寒，因此电子琴是母亲为作者准备的一份惊喜。
10．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“I felt stressed out”可知，作者参加的选拔赛很难。
11．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处表示一些问题涉及对作曲家的看法或这个乐曲是什么时候创造的。
12．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据上文中的“I felt stressed out”“To my amazement”可知，令作者惊奇的是自己居然被选中了。
13．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，自作者在纸上画琴键以来已经10多年了。
14．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境并结合选项可知，作者把在纸上练习弹钢琴称作“精神练习”。
15．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处表示“对音乐是如何产生作

三　
巧取语篇层次题和规避5大易错点智取完形拉分题
一、巧取语篇层次题
语篇层次是最高的考点层次，也是学生拉分题，此类试题需要阅读全篇， 站在整个语篇的角度才能选出正确的答案。

技法1 利用首尾呼应关系解题

　[2021·浙江卷节选]
[2]I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day __42____. We had to 43.carry everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 44.long way but in 35 ℃ heat and with a heavy pack，my legs were on fire.
……
[6]53.Needless__to__say,__I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 54.survived. I think I am much 55.stronger for having taken part in the project.
42．A.tour B．project
C．campaign D．course
解题依据：完形填空文章或段落存在首尾呼应的关系，通过结合首段(或首句)和尾段(或尾句)信息，考生可以更好地解答部分题目。
分析：本题可以利用首尾呼应解题。根据文章末尾的“the project”可知，本篇文章讲述地是作者某次项目的经历，结合文末信息回到开头题目，可知作者被派去Coronado National Forest是为了一个8天的“项目”。
自主解答：________
名师点津：记叙类的完形填空文章往往通过讲述一个故事来传达中心思想或表达立意，作者多采用首尾呼应的文章写法，通过文章结尾处升华主题。因此，考生应学会首尾兼顾，结合文章开头、结尾信息解答题目。

技法2 利用文章发展脉络解题

[2021·全国卷乙]
[1]Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a 41.nurse just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 42.grades of gratitude (感谢).
[2]My thoughts were soon __43__. We had a woman patient who was 44.recovering from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while 45.attempting to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was 46.eventually discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 47.requiring the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though 48.slowly,__and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.
43．A.brushed aside
B．put to the test
C．brought under discussion
D．taken into account
解题依据：叙事型完形填空文章在行文结构上往往包括开端——故事发展——高潮——结局等不同情节，考生应梳理文章发展脉络，厘清行文结构。
分析：本题可以利用文章发展脉络解题。文章首段提出了一个想法：应有不同的词语表达不同程度的感谢，根据下文，作者叙述了一个患者表达感谢的故事。据此推断，作者在首段提出的想法很快经受了检验。be brushed aside“被漠视”；be put to the test“使受考验，使受检验”；be taken into account“被考虑进去”。
自主解答：________
名师点津：
解题策略
遵循发展脉络，合理思考推理，及时调整思路
上下求索，捕捉关键信息
回头看——关注是否与前文呼应，不留遗憾
关键点——需随机应变，不要一意孤行，更不可胡思乱想



二、规避5大易错点智取完形拉分题
高考担负着区分考生、选拔人才的功能，因此每篇完形填空中总有2～3道较难题目成为考生取得优异成绩的“拦路虎”。导致这些题目失分的原因主要有以下几点：①解题信息比较隐蔽；②干扰项迷惑性较强；③情感态度较难把握；④惯性思维所致。针对这些题目，考生除了需要具备扎实的语言功底外，还应谨慎小心应对。本讲总结了解答完形填空的五大易错点，旨在让考生遇到此类题目时不要急于求成，要三思而后判。

易错点1 因缺乏全篇关联思维而错选
语篇层次题的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句群，而是分散在某一段或几段甚至全篇，这就要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。对于此类题目，一定要坚持这样一个原则——不急于解答，读完全文后综合考虑再做判定。

　[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41.made little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 42.stores throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for __43__ help during our spring break, for which I had no 44.plans beyond listening to my favorite records.
43．A.generous B．financial
C．technical D．temporary
分析：本题是典型的语篇层次题，只看题目所在的句子我们是无法确定答案的，此类题目需要综合全篇来找线索。根据上文中的“for three whole days”和下文中的“during our spring break”可知，这里说的是春假期间，市中心的工厂需要临时找八个孩子来帮忙。generous“慷慨的，大方的”；financial“财务的，金融的”；technical“技术的，专业的”；temporary“临时的，暂时的”。
自主解答：________

易错点2 因不能正确区分形近(义近)词而错选
完形填空题选项中经常会出现一些形近词或义近词让考生辨析，因为词形相近或意义相近，无形中增加了难度，如果考生对这些词掌握得不好或不着眼于语篇的意义便很容易选错。

　[2021·全国甲卷]“I have 55.matured and I admit responsibility for my 56.actions，” he said in the letter. “I come to you, __57____,__to apologize for the damage I had 58.indirectly caused and to ask you to 59.reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
57．A.hands in pockets B．nose in the air
C．hat in hand D．feet on the ground
分析：四个备选项在形式上非常相似，基本都是名词＋介词＋名词的词组，部分考生很容易因混淆而失分。本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据空后“... apologize for the damage”可推测作者的态度是谦卑的，所以选hat in hand 恭敬地(乞求或请求)。其他选项不符合语境：hands in pockets双手插兜；nose in the air目中无人；feet on the ground脚踏实地。考生如果完全掌握了这四个词组，很容易选出正确选项。
自主解答：________

易错点3 因词汇理解障碍而错选
在完形填空题的设题上，命题者往往还将一些考生平常容易忽视的词汇设置成选项，从而造成考生错选。对于这些词汇，考生在平时必须高度重视，背熟记熟。

　[2021·天津卷]“It's a really great 33.experience for kids，” said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. “Pruitt is certainly providing a 34.service,__but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the __35__ he can make on people.”
35．A.compromise B．impression
C．impact D．progress
分析：本题考查语境推断。根据全文内容可知，此处表示Pruitt的行为对人们产生的“影响”。本题的选择难度在于A选项“compromise 妥协，和解”对于同学们而言是一个相对陌生的词汇，一些考生可能因为词汇积累不够，又不能有效地利用上下文中的提示而失分。
自主解答：________

易错点4 因不明一词多义或熟词生义而错选
在最近几年的高考完形填空中，对于一词多义或熟词生义的考查屡见不鲜，这往往也是考生容易忽视的地方。很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“新义”而出现思维堵塞，造成了不应有的失分。下面我们选取具有代表性的试题加以分析，以帮助考生熟悉其命题特点，从而跳出命题人设置的词汇“陷阱”。

[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Our __48__ in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.49.Remove bunny from the belt.
48．A.joys B．ideas
C．roles D．choices
分析：根据下文中的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing(糖霜)ears...from the belt”可知，这里介绍的是作者他们在工厂的具体工作或职责。role除了表示“角色”外，还可以表示“职责，作用”。
自主解答：________


[2018·浙江高考]One day I 46.met a former classmate of mine who was 47.making a lot of money running a sideline (副业).Since his regular job was 48.boring,__I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would __49__ have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50.college. He said that if he 51.quit the job, he would lose his 52.drive to work and succeed.
49．A.luckily B．hardly
C．hopefully D．simply
分析：根据句意可知，他说如果没有那份工作，他确实会有很多时间。simply“确实，简直”。此处simply这个词属于熟词生义，我们比较熟悉它的义项是“简单地，简朴地”。由此可知正确选项。
自主解答：________

易错点5 因惯性思维而错选
在英语学习中，由于种种原因，如考生的母语、知识面、思维习惯等都有可能令考生产生一些思维定式，即不善于思考，考虑问题不全面，导致误解一些题目，从而抑制思维能力的发展。完形填空解题中因惯性思维而失分常有以下两种情况：
(1)学习单词时受到的思维定式影响
有些考生学习英语单词过于简单化，只记忆中文意思，而不深刻理解实际用法和英汉用法之间的细微差异。例如：表示“成功做某事”，不可以用“succeed to do sth.”来表达。
(2)学习词组或习惯用语时受到的思维定式影响
例如：学习了wait for这个词组以后，有的考生在做题过程中只要碰到wait，后面要接介词时就毫不犹豫地选择for。但在“He stopped his car to wait at the red light.”中就不用for。

　[2021·天津卷]For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was __19__ his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 20.lack of bikes was COVID-19 related，and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 21.transportation to get to work?
19．A.ride B．lock
C．repair D．replace
分析：考查语境推断。Pruitt作为热衷骑自行车的人，自行车被偷，他首先要做的应该是换一辆自行车，“replace”符合语境。但考生受思维定式影响，可能看到后文的“bike”就下意识地以为选择ride a bike这个固定搭配，从而误选A项。
自主解答：________


[2021·潍坊市高三统一考试]Byrd is in her eighth year of teaching at Wilder Elementary School in Mansfield. She has taught fifth grader Fisher Croney every year since he was in kindergarten. Fisher __1__ in the class by helping in Byrd's classroom whenever he has free time after class.
Byrd also __2__ Fisher's mother, Shannon Croney, as an acquaintance. They would occasionally chat at their boys' baseball games. She had heard that Shannon was having some __3__ problems. In January 2019 Shannon received a routine blood test and found her kidneys (肾) were not __4__ normally. After going through a string of tests, doctors could not figure out what caused her kidneys to __5__. But Byrd didn't know what the __6__ was until she saw an online post from Shannon's mother around the end of December of 2019. It was __7__ to help her daughter find a kidney. Byrd did not __8__ to help. In March, Byrd learned that she and Shannon were a close __9__. Even doctors were __10__ that they were not related in blood.
Byrd was in the hospital for __11__ in June. She was never __12__ about the transplant (移植). Actually, she felt honored that her donation enabled another person to live a totally __13__ life.
Today, both women are doing well. They are turning their __14__ to another member of their community, who is also sick and __15__ a kidney transplant.

1．A.gives in B．stands out
C．looks around D．sits about
2．A.learned B．met
C．taught D．knew
3．A.family B．behavior
C．communication D．health
4．A.functioning B．growing
C．forming D．beating
5．A.miss B．ache
C．fail D．improve
6．A.schedule B．issue
C．offer D．opportunity
7．A.intended B．allowed
C．persuaded D．urged
8．A.respond B．hesitate
C．confirm D．attend
9．A.encounter B．relative
C．neighbor D．match
10．A.excited B．embarrassed
C．surprised D．relieved
11．A.surgery B．practice
C．recovery D．training
12．A.curious B．nervous
C．certain D．frank
13．A.normal B．casual
C．strange D．dependent
14．A.back B．faith
C．attention D．respect
15．A.in favor of B．in memory of
C．in recognition of D．in need of

















三　巧取语篇层次题和规避5大易错点智取完形拉分题

一、
技法1　答案：B
技法2　答案：B
二、
易错点1　答案：D
易错点2　答案：C
易错点3　答案：C
易错点4　答案：1.C　2.D
易错点5　答案：D

语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——爱心故事——一位老师为学生的母亲捐献肾脏
【文章大意】　本文主要讲述了一位老师在网上看到自己的学生的姥姥发的帖子，帮她的女儿找肾脏后，便毫不犹豫地伸出了援助之手，捐赠了肾脏的故事。
1．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据空后内容可知，课下Fisher有空时在教室里帮忙，故可推知，Fisher很“突出”。give in“屈服，认输”；stand out“突出”；look around“环顾”；sit about“闲坐”。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：D　考查逻辑推断。根据空后的“as an acquaintance”可知，Byrd和Fisher的妈妈是熟人，故可推知，她认识Fisher的妈妈。故选D项。
3．答案与解析：D　考查逻辑推断。根据下文讲述的Shannon的妈妈为她寻找肾脏可知，Shannon有“健康”问题，她的肾脏不能正常运转(functioning)了。
4．答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。
5．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。此处应是医生也弄不明白是什么导致她的肾脏丧失功能。ache“疼痛”；fail“失灵，丧失功能”。故选C项。
6．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处表示直到Byrd在网上看到Shannon的妈妈发的帖子，她才知道是什么“问题”。
7．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。结合空后内容可知，寻找肾脏是这个帖子的目的。be intended to do sth.“目的是……”符合语境。故选A项。
8．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据下段中的“Actually, she felt honored that her donation enabled another person to live a totally __13__ life.”可知，此处应是她毫不犹豫地提供了帮助。
9．答案与解析：D　考查逻辑推断。根据下段表述的Byrd把肾脏移植给了Shannon可知，Byrd和Shannon的肾脏很“匹配”。故选D项。
10．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据空后的“they were not related in blood”可知，Byrd和Shannon没有血缘关系，但她们的肾脏却很匹配，故医生应是感到“吃惊”(surprised)。relieved“感到宽慰的，放心的”。
11．答案与解析：A　考查逻辑推断。根据下句中的“the transplant(移植)”可知，Byrd应是因为手术而在医院。
12．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据下句中的“Actually, she felt honored”可知，她对这次的移植不感到“紧张”(nervous)。frank“坦率的”。
13．答案与解析：A　考查常识推断。根据常识可知，捐赠肾脏给另一个人，应是能让他过上完全“正常”的生活。
14．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据空后的“another member of their community, who is also sick”可知，此处应是她们两人把“注意力”转向了另一名病人。故选C项。
15．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据空前的“also”可知，这个病人也“需要”进行肾脏移植。in favor of“赞同，支持”；in recognition of“用以肯定”；in need of“需要”。故选D项。