专题05+动词-【直击考点】2022年新高考英语语法填空必考点一站式特训（全国通用）

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专题05动词（解析版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________


一、单项选择
1．My little brother is not old enough to ____________ himself.
A．wear B．put on C．have on D．dress
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：我弟弟太小而不能自己穿衣服。A. wear穿着，表状态；B. put on穿上，表动作；C. have on穿着，表状态；D. dress为某人穿衣服，表动作。dress后跟人，dress oneself表示“给某人自己穿衣服”，而A、B、C项后面应该接“衣服”。故选D项。
2．I think you should stop for a while and________ on your successes and failures.
A．look B．call C．reflect D．take
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为你应该停下来想一想你的成功和失败。A.look 看；B. call 呼叫，拜访；C. reflect 反射。反省；D. take 拿。根据句意，此处表示停下来反思一下自己的成功和失败。reflect on 反省，反思，此处符合题意。故选C项。
3．The first part of his speech caught my attention, but the rest ________ rather dull.
A．was B．are C．is D．were
【答案】A
【详解】
考查时态。句意：演讲的第一部分吸引我，但是剩下的部分相当乏味。A. was be动词单数过去式；B. are be动词复数一般现在时形式；C. is be动词单数一般现在时形式；D. were be动词复数过去式。根据主句“The first part of his speech caught my attention”可知，句中使用一般过去时时态，but表示转折关系，从句也应用一般过去时。主语his speech是单数，从句中the rest是指his speech余下的部分，所以be动词需要用过去时的单数形式。故选A项。
4．Always acting in a strange way, Einstein must have to people around to be mad.
A．shown B．imagined C．appeared D．thought
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词。句意：爱因斯坦总是以一种奇怪的方式行事，在周围的人看来他一定似乎是疯了。A. shown展示；B. imagined想象；C. appeared看起来；D. thought思考。根据“Always acting in a strange way,”可知，周围的人看爱因斯坦似乎是疯了。故选C。
5．—Any advice for me?
—You'd better________ the timetable to see when the train leaves.
A．remind B．recommend C．consult D．request
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：——能给我些建议吗？——你最好翻阅一下时间表来确定火车离开的时刻。A.remind提醒； B.recommend推荐； C.consult咨询，查阅； D.request请求，要求。结合语境，此处指查阅一下时间表来确定火车发车的时间。选项C符合题意，故选C。
6．Helen has been unable to concentrate on her lessons recently, which may ________ her poor result in the final exam.
A．send for B．apply for C．call for D．account for
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词短语。句意：海伦最近一直无法专心学习，这可能是她期末考试成绩不佳的原因。A.send for召唤，派人去叫；B.apply for申请，请求；C.call for 要求；D.account for说明……的原因。which代指“Helen has been unable to concentrate on her lessons recently”，是“her poor result in the final exam”的原因。故选D。
7．The earthquake took away his parents but with a strong will he finally ________.
A．carried out B．pulled through C．got across D．worked out
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词短语。句意：地震夺走了他的父母，但凭借坚强的意志，他终于渡过了难关。A.carried out实施；B.pulled through渡过难关；C.got across使......被理解；D.worked out锻炼。根据“with a strong will”可知，此处是指他渡过了难关。故选B。
8．She donated everything she to get her new business started only to meet with failure.
A．progressed B．postponed C．possessed D．persuaded
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她为了新事业捐出所拥有的一切，却遭遇失败。A. progressed改进、进行；B.postponed推迟、延迟；C. possessed 拥有、占有；D. persuaded说服。由语意可知捐献了拥有的东西，故选C项。
9．Peter loves his daughter, but perhaps he ________ her too much.
A．occupies B．polishes C．prohibits D．shelters
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得爱他的女儿，但也许他庇护她太多了。A. occupies占据；B. polishes修改；C. prohibits禁止；D. shelters保护。由“Peter loves his daughter”可知，彼得爱他的女儿，可得出他会对女儿保护（shelter）过多。故选D项。
10．The government intends to ________ a new law about wearing safety belts in cars.
A．bring up B．bring on C．bring in D．bring off
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：政府打算出台一项关于在汽车上系安全带的新法律。A. bring up抚养；B. bring on引起；C. bring in采用（新的法律或制度），引入，（政府或组织）推行；D. bring off完成。由 a new law 可知，此处指采用（bring in）新法律。故选C项。
11．________ your symptoms. If they get worse, get medical help right away.
A．Catch sight of B．Make use of C．Take care of D．Keep track of
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：记录你的症状。如果病情恶化，马上就医。A. Catch sight of看见；B. Make use of利用；C. Take care of照顾；D. Keep track of记录。由后面“严重地话，要就医”可知，此处指记录（keep track of）症状。故选D项。
12．—Mr. Smith said we had only three days to finish the project.
―Don't worry. We have already________ two thirds of it.
A．given away B．given in C．got through D．got down
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯说我们只有三天完成这个项目。——不要担心。我们已经完成了它的三分之二。A.given away泄露；赠送；B.given in屈服； C.got through完成；D.got down下来；使沮丧。根据前文“Don't worry”可推断，说话人表示不用担心剩下的时间不够，我们已经“完成”了三分之二的项目，故选C。
13．The police had to________ force to enter the building because the criminal had locked the gate.
A．employ B．empty C．enlarge D．enlighten
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：警察不得不使用武力进入这个建筑物，因为那个罪犯锁上了大门。employ使用，利用；empty把……弄空；enlarge扩大；enlighten启发，教化。根据下文“罪犯锁上了大门”可推断，警察不得不使用武力进入。故选A。
【点睛】

14．Sam ________his coat as soon as he came into the room.
A．took off B．put off C．turned off D．cut off
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：萨姆一进房间就脱下了外套。A.took off脱下；B.put off推迟；C.turned off关掉；D.cut off切断。根据语境及常识可知，进到房间里，应该是脱掉外套。故选A。
15．— Why did you come so late for work?
— I was for 20 minutes on the way here in the traffic jam.
A．held up B．put up C．taken up D．stayed up
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你为什么这么晚才来上班?——我在来的路上因为交通堵塞被耽搁了20分钟。A. held up阻挡；堵塞；B. put up搭建；C. taken up从事；D. stayed up熬夜。根据“on the way here in the traffic jam.”可知，在路上遇到了交通阻塞。故选A。
16．Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.
A．overcame B．stood C．taken D．conducted
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚的作品今天仍然很流行。它确实经受住了时间的考验。A. overcame克服；B. stood经受；C. taken采取；D. conducted指挥。stand“经受，承受，经得起”符合句意。故选B项。
17．Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw from“离开”。故选C。
18．A lot of migratory birds fly to the south in winter to ________from cold weather.
A．stay away B．keep away C．get away D．break away
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多候鸟在冬天飞到南方去躲避寒冷的天气。A. stay away远离；B. keep away避开；C. get away逃离，离开；D. break away突然离开，逃脱。根据“fly to the south in winter”和“cold weather”可知，此处表示在冬天飞到南方去躲避寒冷的天气。故选C。
19．---I won first prize in the contest.
---Congratulations! That________ a celebration.
A．calls for B．plans for C．provides for D．answer for
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：——我在比赛中得了一等奖。——恭喜你！这需要庆祝。A. calls for要求，需要；B. plans for为……计划；C. provides for为……提供；D. answer for为……付出代价。根据句意，“比赛中赢得一等奖”这件事“需要庆祝”。故选A项。
20．Cost ________as follows: food and drink 100 yuan, studying material 150 yuan, accommodation fee 300 yuan.
A．breaks down B．breaks off C．breaks in D．breaks out
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：费用明细如下：餐费100元，学习材料150元，住宿费300元。A. breaks down划分；B. breaks off中断，突然停止；C. breaks in闯入；D. breaks out爆发，突然发生。根据“food and drink 100 yuan, studying material 150 yuan, accommodation fee 300 yuan.”可知，此处表示将明细划分。故选A。
21．I believe you can ________ your goal in the end if you put your whole heart into it.
A．satisfy B．avoid C．escape D．achieve
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信你最终可以实现你的目标，如果你全心全意地去做。A. satisfy满足；B. avoid避免；C. escape逃跑；D. achieve实现。根据空后“your goal”和“if you put your whole heart into it.”可知，全心全意地去做事情，会实现目标。故选D。
22．That kind of ice-cream ________like a mixture of banana and strawberry is delicious.
A．tasted B．tastes C．tasting D．being tasted
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词正确形式辨析。句意：那种尝起来像香蕉和草莓的混合味道的冰淇淋很好吃。A.tasted （品尝；尝起来是）动词过去式/过去分词；B.tastes（品尝；尝起来是）动词单三形式； C.tasting（品尝；尝起来是）动词现在分词； D.being tasted（被品尝）动词ing形式的被动式。分析句子主干，主语That kind of ice-cream，谓语动词 is，形容词 delicious.作表语。可知该空为后置定语修饰名词 ice-cream ，表示“尝起来是，有着...口感的 ”，taste为系动词，无被动形式。故选C项。
23．At minus 130℃, a living cell can be ________ for a thousand years.
A．preserved B．protected C．spared D．developed
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在零下130℃，一个活细胞可以保存一千年。A. preserved保存；B. protected保护；C. spared留出；D. developed发展。结合后文“for a thousand years”指活细胞被保存一千年，preserve符合语境。故选A。
24．I hope that more student associations will be set up in our school and thus our students will ________ the opportunities to develop their good virtues and qualities.
A．keep pace with B．take advantage of C．make room for D．give rise to
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我希望我们学校能建立更多的学生社团，这样我们的学生就能抓住机会发展自己的美德和品质。A. keep pace with跟上；B. take advantage of利用；C. make room for给……让出地方；D. give rise to引起。根据“I hope that more student associations will be set up in our school”可知，学生利用社团的机会发展自己的美德和品质。故选B。
25．As she turned back she ________ the puzzled look on her mother's face.
A．caught B．conducted C．stood D．searched
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她转过身去时，她看到了她母亲脸上困惑的表情。A. caught抓住，看见；B. conducted进行；C. stood站立，忍受；D. searched搜寻。根据下文的“the puzzled look”可知，此处指看到母亲脸上的表情，用catch“看见”符合语境。故选A。
【点睛】

26．My teacher stressed again that I should not ______ any important details while retelling the story.
A．bring out B．make out C．let out D．leave out
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的老师再次强调我在复述故事时不应该遗漏任何重要的细节。A.bring out出版，生产；B.make out理解；C.let out泄露；D.leave out遗漏。根据“while retelling the story”可知，此处是指在复述故事时不应该遗漏任何重要的细节。故选D。
27．Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still ______ the traditional customs.
A．pursue B．reject C．observe D．support
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管在国外生活多年，许多中国人仍然遵守传统习俗。A. pursue追求；B. reject拒绝；C. observe遵守，奉行（法律、习俗等）；D. support支持。根据句意以及后文the traditional customs，可知，此处指“遵守传统习俗”。故选C项。
28．My friend came around for a cup of tea and we________ having a big meal together.
A．put up B．ended up C．took up D．brought up
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的朋友过来喝茶，最后我们一起吃了一顿大餐。A. put up提供；B. ended up结束；C. took up拿起；D. brought up提出。根据后文“having a big meal together”指最后一起了一顿大餐，应用end up。故选B。
29．---I was wondering whether perhaps you could remember the name of the place.
---I’m afraid that________ me for the moment.
A．reminds B．puzzles C．disturbs D．escapes
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：——我想知道你是否还记得那个地方的名字。——恐怕我一时想不起来了。A. reminds提醒；想起，remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事；B. puzzles困惑；C. disturbs打扰；D. escapes逃离，忘记。根据“I was wondering whether perhaps you could remember the name of the place.”可知，忘记了那个地方的名字。故选D。
30．Julia is an experienced secretary and you can ________ her whenever you are in trouble.
A．hang on B．count on C．focus on D．spy on
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：朱莉娅是一位经验丰富的秘书，无论什么时候你有麻烦都可以依靠她。A. hang on坚持；B. count on依靠；C. focus on集中于；D. spy on侦查。根据上文“Julia is an experienced secretary and you can”可知，朱莉娅经验丰富，所以任何时候都可以依靠，count on符合语境。故选B。
31．—________ for the glass!
—It's OK. I'm wearing shoes.
A．Look out B．Walk out C．Go out D．Set out
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：——当心玻璃！——没关系。我穿鞋子了。A. Look out当心；B. Walk out罢工；C. Go out熄灭；D. Set out出发。根据句意可知，此处意为“当心……”，为固定短语look out for sth.。故选A项。
32．Sally has asked for a sick leave, and I have to ________her work for a couple of days.
A．take off B．take over C．take out D．take after
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：莎莉请了病假，这几天我得接替她的工作。A. take off起飞；B. take over接管；C. take out取出；D. take after与……相像。根据“Sally has asked for a sick leave”可知，此处是指这几天“我”得接替她的工作。故选B。
33．In the face of unfair phenomenon, we should not________ from defending social justice.
A．swallow B．swell C．shrink D．stroke
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：面对不公平的现象，我们不应该逃避维护社会正义。A. swallow吞下；B. swell膨胀，肿胀；C. shrink(尤指因恐惧而)退缩，畏缩，回避；D. stroke划掉。根据“should not”和“from defending social justice”可知，此处是指我们不应该逃避维护社会正义。在情态动词should后应用动词原形。故选C。
34．After the students put up Christmas decorations, the classroom ________ a holiday appearance.
A．made up B．adjusted to C．focused on D．took on
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们布置完圣诞装饰品后，教室呈现出节日的面貌。A. made up编造； B. adjusted to 适应； C. focused on 集中于； D.took on呈现。由语意可知，学生布置圣诞装饰后，教室自然呈现出节日的面貌。故选D项。
35．—Sorry, I have to________ now. It 's time for class.
—OK. it'll call back later.
A．give up B．hang up C．hold up D．break up
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：——很抱歉我要挂电话了，上课时间到了。——好的，一会我再打回去。A. give up 放弃；B. hang up 挂断电话；C.hold up 坚持住； D. break up 解散。根据回答当中的call back可知双方是在通电话，所以选择与打电话有关的词语。故选B。
36．Body language can________ a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
A．break down B．give away C．put off D．pick up
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：肢体语言可以泄露很多你的心情，所以双臂交叉站着会发出你有戒心的信号。A. break down分解；B. give away赠送，泄露；C. put off推迟；D. pick up偶尔学会，恢复健康。结合 standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive 可知，双臂交叉站着会发出你有戒心的信号，由此可知肢体语言能泄露（give away）你的心情。故选B。
37．What your parents do for you is________ by love, so they expect nothing in return.
A．motivated B．acknowledged C．promoted D．strengthened
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母为你做的一切都是出于爱，所以他们不求任何回报。A. motivated使产生动机，推动；B. acknowledged承认；C. promoted促进；D. strengthened巩固。根据后文“by love”可知父母为孩子所做的一些都是由爱促使的，motivate符合语境。故选A。
38．With the water in the lake________, farmers have to dig wells to supply their farmland with water.
A．coming out B．going out C．leaving out D．running out
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着湖中的水逐渐枯竭，农民们不得不打井来为他们的农田供水。A.coming out出去；B. going out出去；C. leaving out遗漏；D. running out用光。根据后文中dig wells，可知此处表示水用光了，run out“用光”，符合句意；逻辑主语lake和run out之间为主动关系，故此处用现在分词作宾补。故选D项。

39．When rats were unknowingly brought there by the sailors, they quickly ________ the island leading to an unpredictable damage to the original ecosystem.
A．took over B．held up C．checked out D．broke down
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当老鼠被水手们不知不觉地带到岛上时，它们很快占领了该岛，导致了对原始生态系统不可预测的破坏。A.took over占领；B.held up耽搁；C.checked out结账退房；D.broke down（机器或车辆）出毛病，损坏。根据“leading to an unpredictable damage to the original ecosystem”可知，老鼠们很快占领了该岛。故选A。
40．Happy birthday, Tom! So you have ________ eighteen already and should be more independent.
A．become B．grown C．turned D．passed
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：生日快乐，汤姆！你已经十八岁了，应该更独立一些。A.become变成；B.grown成长；C.turned达到……年龄；D.passed通过。根据“Happy birthday, Tom!”可知，此处是指已经十八岁了。故选C。
41．The teaching of Confucius________ ancient Chinese wisdom, influencing Chinese life and thought for centuries to come.
A．respects B．rescues C．replaces D．represents
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孔子的教导代表了中国古代的智慧，影响了未来几个世纪里中国人的生活和思想。A.respects尊重；B.rescues营救；C.replaces代替；D.represents代表。根据“ influencing Chinese life and thought for centuries to come.”可知，孔子的教导代表了中国古代的智慧。故选D。
42．Don’t forget to ________ your things after you have finished your homework.
A．set aside B．put away C．take away D．put into
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：你做完作业后别忘了把东西放好。A. set aside流出，拨出；B. put away放好；C. take away拿走；D. put into放入。根据后文“your things after you have finished your homework”指做完作业把东西放好，应用put away。故选B。
43．Scientists are trying to find out what advantage should be _______ the natural resources in this area.
A．taken off B．taken on C．taken of D．taken up
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：科学家们正试图找出利用这一地区的自然资源的好处。A. taken off起飞；B. taken on承担；D. taken up占据。根据“what advantage”可知，本题考查短语take advantage of利用。故选C。
44．She is overweight, but she can’t _______ the temptation to eat more delicious food.
A．forbid B．resist C．reject D．reduce
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很胖，但她无法抗拒吃更美味食物的诱惑。A. forbid禁止；B. resist抗拒；C. reject排斥；D. reduce减少。由but可知，空处表示不能抗拒美食的诱惑，因为是否定句，需用resist。故选B。
45．I tried calling my boss several times but I couldn't ________.
A．get away B．get off C．get out D．get through
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我给老板打了好几次电话，但都打不通。A. get away离开，逃脱； B. get off下车；C. get out外出，退出； D. get through接通电话。根据前文转折连词but可知，此处需用get through，表示电话打不通。故选D。
46．We go to a nursing home to ________the old people with excellent service.
A．provide B．point C．print D．pretend
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词。句意：我们去敬老院为老人们提供优质的服务。A.provide 提供；B. point 指；C.print 打印；D.pretend 假装；provide sb. with sth.表示“向某人提供……”，根据句意可知，此处指提供服务。故选A。


二、汉译英（整句）
47．正是她那种急于求成的心态让她无缘决赛。（It）(汉译英)
【答案】It is her eagerness for success that has made her miss the final.
【详解】
考查强调句型。根据所给汉语语境，本句强调了造成“她无缘决赛”的正是“她那种急于求成的心态”，故该句可以用强调句型，即“It is +被强调部分+that+其他”用来强调句中主语成分；“她急于求成的心态”可译为her eagerness for success；“让/使某人做某事”可用动词make sb. do sth.结构；分析语境，“她的急于求成”造成了现在“无缘决赛”的结果，所以应用现在完成时；“无缘决赛”可译为miss the final。综上，该句可译为：It is her eagerness for success that has made her miss the final.
48．我认为这些家长们的焦虑源自于对孩子未来的不确定性，以及对成功这个概念的落伍理解。（result）（汉译英）
【答案】I think these parents’ anxiety results from uncertainty about their children’s future, and out-of-date concepts of success.
【详解】
考查时态和动词短语。该句是复合句，含that引导的宾语从句，其中that可以省略；这里在描述一个目前的客观事实，句子用一般现在时；“我认为”翻译为I think ，是主句部分；“这些家长们的焦虑源自于对孩子未来的不确定性”翻译为these parents’ anxiety results from uncertainty about their children’s future，作宾语，由连接词that引导，其中that可以省略，anxiety是不可数名词，在从句中作主语，谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式，result from的意思是“起因于”，在从句作谓语；“对成功这个概念的落伍理解”翻译为out-of-date concepts of success，与their children’s future构成并列，作介词about的宾语。故答案为I think these parents’ anxiety results from uncertainty about their children’s future, and out-of-date concepts of success.
49．如今人们担心的不再是如何填饱肚子，而是如何防止发胖。(not... but...) （汉译英）
【答案】Nowadays, what people are concerned about is not how to fill their stomachs but how to prevent themselves from gaining weight.
【详解】
考查主语从句、形容词和动词短语。表示“不是……而是……”应用not... but...；表示“担心”应用形容词短语be concerned about；表示“填饱”应用动词fill；表示“防止”应用动词短语prevent...from...；表示“发胖”应用动词短语gain weight。根据句意，主语是由what引导的从句，由“如今”可知时态是一般现在时，由how+动词不定式充当宾语。故翻译为Nowadays, what people are concerned about is not how to fill their stomachs but how to prevent themselves from gaining weight.
50．是他的过于自信造成了这种局面；他还没有真正理解 “兼听则明” 的道理。(result) (汉译英）
【答案】It was his being over-confident ( about himself )/ too self-confident that resulted in the situation, because he hasn’t fully understood / didn’t fully understand the truth that if you listen to both sides, you will hear the truth.
【详解】
考查强调句，原因状语从句，以及同位语从句。第一个分句强调“是他的过于自信”，在英语中强调除谓语动词之外的其它句子成分，用强调句表达，强调句结构是“it +be+被强调部分+that/who+其他句子成分”；“他的过于自信”用his being over-confident ( about himself )/ too self-confident表达；提示词“result”意为“导致，造成”，是不及物动词，后面跟宾语时，要加介词in，构成短语 result in；“这种局面”用the situation表达；结合句意可知，此处讲述的是发生过的事情，应用过去时态，所以第一个分句可翻译为：It was his being over-confident ( about himself )/ too self-confident that resulted in the situation。分析句意可知，前后两个分句之间为因果关系，第一个分句“是他的过于自信造成了这种局面”表示结果，第二个分句“他还没有真正理解 ‘兼听则明’的道理”表示原因，做原因状语，原因状语用because引导；分析第二个分句句意可知，此处应用现在完成时态或一般过去时态；“还没有真正理解”用hasn’t fully understood / didn’t fully understand；“道理”用抽象名词truth表示，“兼听则明”用if you listen to both sides, you will hear the truth表达，是对名词truth的具体内容的描述，且句子中不缺成分，这符合同位语从句的概念，所以此处用同位语从句结构the truth that if you listen to both sides, you will hear the truth；第二个分句完整的翻译为：because he hasn’t fully understood / didn’t fully understand the truth that if you listen to both sides, you will hear the truth。故整个句子可翻译为：It was his being over-confident ( about himself )/ too self-confident that resulted in the situation, because he hasn’t fully understood / didn’t fully understand the truth that if you listen to both sides, you will hear the truth.
【点睛】
汉译英时，首先要分析句子结构，确定是简单句还是复合句。如果是复合句，就要进一步分析并确定复合句的类型，以及所需要的连词；再逐个分析各个句子成分对应的英语表达方式，同时还要结合句意，确定谓语动词的时态。