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    专题02+代词-【直击考点】2022年新高考英语语法填空必考点一站式特训(全国通用)

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    专题02+代词-【直击考点】2022年新高考英语语法填空必考点一站式特训(全国通用)

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    专题02代词(解析版)
    学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________


    一、单项选择
    1.(2021·山东高考真题)—Amy, is this Jenny's bike?
    —Let me see. Oh, no. ________is red.
    A.She B.Hers. C.Her D.Herself
    【答案】B
    【详解】
    考查人称代词和反身代词辨析。句意:——艾米,这是珍妮的自行车吗?——让我看看,哦,不,她的自行车是红色的。A.She她,人称代词主格,在句中作主语;B.Hers她的,名词性物主代词,相当于her + 名词,在句中作主语、宾语、介词宾语和主语补语;C.Her她的,形容词性物主代词,其后跟名词,在句中作定语;D.Herself她自己,反身代词,在句中作同位语和宾语。结合语境,此处指珍妮的自行车,在句中作主语。选项B符合题意,故选B。
    2.(2021·天津南开区·南开中学高三月考)One of the most important questions they had to consider was ___________ of public health.
    A.what B.that C.this D.which
    【答案】B
    【详解】
    考查指示代词。句意:他们必须考虑的最重要的问题之一是公共卫生问题。根据句意可知,此处应用指示代词,指代前文提及的one of the important questions,此处作表语,用单数,故用that,选B。
    3.(2021·黑龙江牡丹江市·牡丹江一中)— Which of the two films did you prefer?
    — Actually I didn’t like ______.
    A.either of them B.both of them C.none of them D.neither of them
    【答案】A
    【详解】
    考查代词用法。句意:——这两个电脑游戏你更喜欢哪个?——事实上,这两个我都不喜欢。both表示“两者都”是肯定意思;none 表示“三者或三者以上都不”,是否定意思。either “两者中任何一个”,neither“两者都不”。根据two computer games和I didn’t like 可知是两者都不喜欢,didn’t是否定形式,用either。故选A。
    4.(2021·天津高三期末)My close friends,after they heard about my experiences in South America,________ said it was totally out of their imagination.
    A.which B.them
    C.all D.who
    【答案】C
    【详解】
    考查代词辨析。句意:在听说了我在南美洲的经历后,我的好朋友们都说这完全超出了他们的想象。此题易误认为设空处引导非限制性定语从句而错选D项。分析句子结构可知,after引导时间状语从句,若选who的话,主句不完整,只有主语。故只能用代词all作主语My close friends的同位语。故C选项正确。
    5.(2021·天津河东区·)I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher
    than in the city.
    A.ones B.one C.that D.those
    【答案】C
    【详解】
    考查指示代词。句意:我要搬到乡下去,因为那里的空气比城里的新鲜很多。ones指代可数名词复数,泛指一些;one泛指可数名词中的一个;that指代不可数名词,还可指代比较对象;those是that的复数形式。这里指代的是比较的对象,air是不可数名词,故选C。


    6.(2021·天津高三一模)—It is said that Frank is very rich and is always changing his private cars . What is he?
    —________of a manager, I am not sure.
    A.Somebody B.Anyone C.Something D.Anything
    【答案】C
    【详解】
    考查不定代词辨析。句意:——据说弗兰克很有钱,经常换他的私家车。他是干什么的?——可能是经理人,我不确定。A.Somebody某个人; B.Anyone 任何人;C.Something(表示不确切的描述或数量)大致,左右; D.Anything(用于否定句、疑问句)任何东西;任何事物。根据句意可知,答语表示不确定的事,所以选项C符合题意,故选C。
    7.(2021·贵溪市实验中学高二期末)——How many girls are there in our classroom?
    ——________.The students are having PE lessons. There is in the classroom.
    A.No one; nobody B.None; nobody C.None; none D.Nobody; none
    【答案】B
    【详解】
    考查代词辨析。句意:——我们教室里有多少女生?——一个也没有,学生们在上体育课。教室里没有人。none表示数量,没有一个,回答how many,nobody=no one没有人,故第一空填none,none有时暗示一种数量,即指数量上“一个也没有” ,而 no one或 nobody则往往表示一种全面否定,即指“谁都没有” 用作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。故第二空填nobody或者no one。故选B。
    8.(2021·天津高二期末)Actually, ________ is a challenging job for the young staff to negotiate contracts with such a big company.
    A.there B.this C.that D.it
    【答案】D
    【详解】
    考查代词辨析。句意:事实上,对于年轻员工来说,与这样一家大公司谈判合同是一项具有挑战性的工作。A.there代词,表示某事物存在或发生;常用于结构There is/are...;B.this这个,表示后文中将要提到的某物;C.that代词,特指上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词,为同类异物;D.it代词,用于句型It is/was + a(n) + 单数名词+ (for sb.) to do sth.,句型中it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。分析可知,本句中的主语为for the young staff to negotiate contracts with such a big company,所以空白处填it作形式主语。故选D。
    9.(2021·天津高二期末)________ is important for us to break boundaries and work together.
    A.What B.That C.This D.It
    【答案】D
    【详解】
    考查it作形式主语。句意:对我们来说,重要的是打破障碍,通力合作。分析句子可知to break boundaries and work together作真正的主语,那么就用it作形式主语。故选D项。
    10.(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高一期末)Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.
    A.that B.it C.one D.some
    【答案】A
    【详解】
    考查代词词义辨析。句意:几乎没有任何乐趣能与在热天饮一杯冷饮的乐趣相比。A. that指代可数名词单数,或者不可数名词,后面必须有定语修饰;B. it指代上文出现的同一事物;C. one指代可数名词单数,表示泛指;D. some泛指一些东西。根据限制性后置定语of a cool drink可知,此处不是复数,而是单数,that指代上文中的pleasure,指a cool drink 带来的快乐(pleasure)。故选A。
    11.(2021·天津市天津中学高三月考)My brother would like to buy a good watch but _______ was available from that shop.
    A.nothing B.none
    C.no one D.neither
    【答案】B
    【详解】
    考查代词辨析。句意:我哥哥想买一块好表,但那家商店没有一块合适的。A.nothing没有东西;B.none一个也没有;C.no one没有人;D.neither两者都不。由前文的“to buy a good watch”可知,想买一块好手表,结果一块也没买到,强调数量时应该用“none”。故选B。
    12.(2021·黑龙江实验中学高三月考)After work I went to the box office to buy the tickets for Kungfu Panda 2, only to be told there was ______ left.
    A.nothing B.none C.no one D.neither
    【答案】B
    【详解】
    考查代词词义辨析。句意:下班以后我去买《功夫熊猫2》的票,但是却被告知没有票剩下来来了。A.nothing没有什么; B.none一个也没有; C.no one没有人; D.neither两者都不。none既可以指人也可以指物,有特定的范围限制。No one=nobody指人。Nether指两者都不。根据句意是指票没有了,有票这个范围限制。故选B。
    13.(2021·云南高三学业考试)I’d appreciate _______________ if you could give me an early reply.
    A.you B.myself C.it D.them
    【答案】C
    【详解】
    考查it作形式宾语。句意:如果你能尽早给我答复,我将不胜感激。根据句意可知,我感激的是“你能尽早给我答复”,故空格处应用it作形式宾语,if引导的从句为真正的宾语,构成句型“I’d appreciate it +if从句”,意为“如果……,我将不胜感激”。故选C项。
    14.(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高三期末)I know the dinner with your boss will be boring, but if you get an important phone call during meal, it is easier to .
    A.make a hit B.make an exit C.make a difference D.make a distinction
    【答案】B
    【详解】
    考查固定短语。句意:我知道和你老板的晚餐会很无聊,但是如果你在吃饭的时候接到一个重要的电话,那就更容易退场了。A. make a hit击中球,其常引申为获得成功;B. make an exit 字面意思是找出口,常引申为退出、退场等;C. make a difference 有所作为、获得成功;D. make a distinction加以区别、指出。空格所在的句子中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是to和空格处所组成的动词不定式,故空格处填动词原形。根据句意和语境可知此处指和老板吃饭太无聊,想退场。故选B。
    15.(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中)Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so large a city as New York.
    A.this B.one
    C.it D.that
    【答案】B
    【详解】
    考查代词。句意:Scott先生和太太喜欢在小镇上的餐馆,而不喜欢在像纽约这样的大城市里的餐馆。prefer A to B比起……更喜欢……,该句型是固定句型,用one代替another restaurant,故选B。
    16.(2021·天津高三二模)The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
    A.that B.one
    C.it D.this
    【答案】A
    【详解】
    考查代词。句意:这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education,故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it, one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来,it指代同名同物;one与that则指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a/an+名词,只可代指可数名词;that为特指,相当于the+名词,可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。

    17.(2021·北京师范大学天津附属中学高三三模)Don’t __ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.
    A.take as granted B.take this for granted
    C.take that for granted D.take it for granted
    【答案】D
    【详解】
    考查固定句型。句意:不要想当然地认为入学考试成绩好的那些人就会是最成功的。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处考查固定句型take it for granted that...“认为......理所当然”,其中it为形式宾语,that引导真正的宾语从句。故选D。
    【点睛】


    18.(2021·天津市武清区杨村第一中学高三一模)—Oh,my English novel is missing.
    —I saw Tom leaving with ________,but I am not sure whether yours was included.
    A.one B.it
    C.some D.that
    【答案】C
    【详解】
    考查指示代词。句意:——哦,我的英语小说不见了。——我看见Tom带着一些英语小说离开了,但是我不确定你的是不是在里面。因为后面有whether yours was included,可知空处应该是指some English novels,可用some代替。故C选项正确。
    19.(2021·银川市第六中学高三三模)I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use this computer.
    A.that B.this
    C.you D.it
    【答案】D
    【详解】
    考查it做形式宾语。句意:如果你能教我如何使用这台电脑,我将不胜感激。此处it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的从句。固定句式:I would appreciate it if...,“如果.......,我将不胜感激”。故选D项。
    20.(2021·福建省武平县第一中学高三一模)Do you think ________ true that ________is hard work that leads to success?
    A.it; it B.it; what C.that; it D.what; which
    【答案】A
    【详解】
    考查it作形式宾语和强调句。句意:你认为努力工作会导致成功是真的吗?分析句子可知,第一空是it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句;第二空是强调句型,强调句的基本结构是:it is/was +被强调部分+ that + 句子的其他成分,如果被强调的部分是人,可以用who代替that,应用it。故选A。
    21.(2021·天津耀华中学高三一模)My uncle promised to buy a nice gift for my birthday, ________ beyond my imagination.
    A.which B.that C.something D.the one
    【答案】C
    【详解】
    考查代词。句意:我叔叔承诺我生日给我买一个好看的礼物,超乎我的想象的的东西。"____beyond my imagination" 是 a nice gift 的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子,所以which和that不能选。the one 指代与 gift 是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的那个礼物”,与上文的 promised to buy 不符。something表示“某个东西”符合语境。故选C。
    22.(2021·天津南开中学高三二模)It is believed________ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning.
    A.why B.that C.how D.when
    【答案】B
    【详解】
    考查固定句型。句意:人们认为,孩子应该从一开始就学会负责任。这里使用了固定句型:It is believed that…据相信......其中it在这里是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故选B。
    23.(2021·黑龙江大庆中学高二期末)Miss Shen’s methods of teaching are nothing like ________ of the teachers at my Junior High school.
    A.that B.this C.ones D.those
    【答案】D
    【详解】
    考查代词。句意:沈小姐的教学方法和我初中老师的教学方法一点都不一样。A. that同类异物,单数;B.this单数,特指;C.ones复数,泛指;D.those同类异物,复数。结合句意分析句子可知,句中将沈小姐的“教学方法”与我初中老师们的“教学方法”进行比较,属于同类异物比较,且为复数,故选D项。
    24.(2021·浙江高三月考)He is a strict but kind teacher, ________ is always trying to make his classes ________ and interesting.
    A.one; living B.one who; lively C.he; lovely D.he who; live
    【答案】B
    【详解】
    本题考查代词,形容词和定语从句。解题步骤:1. 确定第一空:用one代替a teacher,且为先行词,在后面的定语从句中作主语,所以关系代词为who。2. 确定第二空:A. living活着的;B. lively生动的;C. lovely可爱的;D. live现场直播的。形容课堂是生动的。结合句意:他是严格但善良的老师,一个总是让课堂生动有趣的人。故选B。
    25.(2021·银川市第六中学高三三模)– Which driver was to blame?
    -- Why, ______! It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.
    A.both B.each
    C.either D.neither
    【答案】D
    【详解】
    试题分析: 考查代词。句意:——哪个司机应该受到责备?——为什么?都不应该受到责备。很清楚,也很简单,是那个孩子的错!他突然从两辆已经停好的汽车之间冲出来。A. Both表示 “两者都……”;B. each表示“三者或三者以上中任意一个”;C. either表示“两者中任意一个”;neither表示“两者都不……” 根据It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.可知两个司机都不应该受到责备。故选D。


    二、汉译英(整句)
    26.(2021·上海高二期末)建议在低温下做这项实验。(It)(汉译英)
    【答案】It is suggested that this experiment be done at low temperature.
    【详解】
    考查it作形式主语、名词性从句、被动语态和虚拟语气。根据提示,句子应用it作形式主语,用主语从句表示“在低温下做这项实验”作真正的主语。表示“建议”应用动词suggest,和主语构成被动关系。此处描述客观事实,所以应用一般现在时。表示“实验”应用名词experiment,表示“做”应用动词do,和从句主语experiment构成被动关系。在表示建议的名词性从句中应使用should do虚拟语气,should可以省略。表示“在低温下”应用短语at low temperature。再结合其它汉语意思,故翻译为It is suggested that this experiment be done at low temperature.。
    27.(2021·河北高一期末)取笑别人是非常无礼的。(make fun of)(汉译英)
    【答案】It's quite rude to make fun of others.
    【详解】
    考查时态和动词不定式。讲的是事实,时态用一般现在时,表示“取笑”应用make fun of,表示“别人”应用others,表示“非常”应用quite,表示“无礼的”应用形容词rude,本句用动词不定式做主语,it作形式主语,放在句子开头,故翻译成It's quite rude to make fun of others。

    28.(2021·宝山区·上海交大附中高三月考)回家路上突遇大雨,没多久他就成了落汤鸡。(it)(汉译英)
    【答案】He was caught in a heavy rain on his way home and it didn’t take long before he got soaked.
    【详解】
    考查句子结构、代词it等词法。分析句意可知,本句描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时。表示“他回家路上突遇大雨”可用句式he was caught in a heavy rain on his way home,一般过去时被动语态,be caught in a heavy rain为“被陷于大雨中;遇到大雨”,on one’s way home为“在某人回家路上”;表示“没过多久就……”可用句式it didn’t take long before…,一般过去时否定句,在此语境下before可表达“(没过多久)就”;表示从句“他成了落汤鸡”为he got soaked。中间由连词and连接,注意时态和数的逻辑一致,句子首字母大写。故翻译为He was caught in a heavy rain on his way home and it didn’t take long before he got soaked.
    29.(2021·上海青浦区·高三一模)那座古镇里所有的传统建筑都保存得很好,我觉得不虚此行。(preserve) (汉译英)
    【答案】I think it worthwhile to visit that ancient town, where all the traditional buildings are well preserved.
    【详解】
    考查动词、形容词,形式宾语以及非限制性定语从句。表达“我觉得不虚此行”可以为形式宾语it代指“此行”,表示“此行”可用动词不定式to visit that ancient town,表示“不虚”可用形容词worthwhile,表示“我觉得”可用I think;句子的后半部分用where引导的非限制性定语从句表达,先行词为that ancient town,从句中的主语“所有的传统建筑”表达为all the traditional buildings,谓语动词preserve和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,结构为be+动词的过去分词,根据句意,应用一般现在时,因主语为复数名词,“保存得很好”应表达为are well preserved。故译为I think it worthwhile to visit that ancient town, where all the traditional buildings are well preserved.
    30.(2021·上海虹口区·高三一模)理想与现实若相去甚远往往就会难以遂愿。(fulfill) (汉译英)
    【答案】If the ideal is too far away from the reality, it will often be difficult for people to fulfill it.
    【详解】
    考查状语从句、固定短语和时态。此处为if引导的条件状语从句,从句中为“主系表”结构,表示“理想”应用ideal,作主语;表示“与……相去甚远”短语为be too far away from sth.,后跟名词reality,作宾语;主句为句型“it be difficult for sb. to do sth.”,it作形式主语,表示“实现”应用fulfill。此处主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。故翻译为If the ideal is too far away from the reality, it will often be difficult for people to fulfill it.
    31.(2021·上海金山区·高三一模)仅仅靠旅游来拓宽我们的视野是远远不够的。(far)(汉译英)
    【答案】It’s far from enough to broaden our horizons only by traveling.
    【详解】
    考查固定短语和动词短语。分析句子可知,句子的主语为“to broaden our horizons”,表示“拓宽我们的视野”,用“it”作形式主语;表示“远远不够的”应用“far from enough”;表示“仅靠旅游”应用“only by traveling”;再根据其它汉语提示,故翻译为:It’s far from enough to broaden our horizons only by traveling。
    32.(2021·上海静安区·高三一模)这类复杂的问题不是一朝一夕就能解决的。(It)(汉译英)
    【答案】It is not possible to solve complicated problems of this kind in a day.
    【详解】
    考查固定句型、短语和时态。此处为句型“it be adj to do sth.”,it作形式主语,不定式为真正主语;表示“解决问题”短语为solve problems,由形容词complicated作定语修饰名词problems;表示“这类”短语为of this kind;表示“一朝一夕”可用短语in a day;句子为否定陈述句,时态为一般现在时。故翻译为It is not possible to solve complicated problems of this kind in a day.
    33.(2021·上海虹口区·高三二模)把难记的单词或句子同一件有趣的事情联系起来,记住它们就轻而易举了。(associate)(汉译英)
    【答案】It will be / is very easy to memorize difficult words or sentences if / when you associate them with interesting / funny things. / … if / when they are associated with interesting / funny things.
    【详解】
    考查条件状语从句和it作形式主语。根据所给汉语,“(做...…)是容易的”可用句型“It is/ will be easy to do sth.”,其中it为形式主语,不定式为真正主语;“将……与……联系在一起”可用动词搭配“associate…with…”或“be associated with”;“有趣的事情”可译为“interesting / funny things”;分析句子逻辑,“把难记的单词或句子同一件有趣的事情联系起来”和“记住它们就轻而易举”互为条件和结果的关系,故可用if/when引导条件状语从句将其连接。综上,该句可译为:It will be / is very easy to memorize difficult words or sentences if / when you associate them with interesting / funny things. / … if / when they are associated with interesting / funny things.
    34.(2021·上海闵行区·高三二模)这本词典需要做彻底修改,什么时候再版还不得而知。 (revise) (汉译英)
    【答案】The dictionary needs to be thoroughly revised, and it’s unknown when it will be republished.
    【详解】
    考查时态、it作形式主语、固定短语、动词和副词。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,“sth. need to be done”意为“某事需要被做”,thoroughly意为“彻底”,副词词性,revise意为“修改”,动词词性,过去分词为revised,表示“这本词典需要做彻底修改”应用“The dictionary needs to be thoroughly revised”,句首单词首字母大写;表示“什么时候再版还不得而知”应用“it’s unknown when it will be republished”,句中it作形式主语,真正的主语为when引导的从句,从句部分表示将来发生的动作,应用一般将来时,republish意为“再出版”,动词词性,过去分词为republished,用连词and连接逗号前后两个句子。故翻译为The dictionary needs to be thoroughly revised, and it’s unknown when it will be republished.
    35.(2021·上海高三二模)我们有必要确认小区每个来访者的身份。(necessary)(汉译英)
    【答案】It is necessary for us to confirm/check the identity of every visitor to the neighbourhood/residence/housing estate.
    【详解】
    考查形容词、it作形式主语和动词。根据英文提示可知,表示“某人有必要做某事”应用it is necessary for sb to do sth,it做形式主语,动词不定式做真正主语。表示“确认”可用动词confirm或check,表示“身份”应用名词identity,表示“来访者”应用名词visitor,表示“去某地的访客”应用to spl修饰,表示“小区”应用名词neighbourhood/residence/housing estate。再结合其它句意,故翻译为“It is necessary for us to confirm/check the identity of every visitor to the neighbourhood/residence/housing estate.”。
    36.(2021·上海杨浦区·高三二模)人无需沉浸在自怨自怜中, 因为无论你曾经犯过怎样的错,彻底翻转人生永远为时不晚。(regardless of) (汉译英)
    【答案】There is no need to bury yourself in self-pity or regret(s), for it is never too late to turn your life around, regardless of the (what) mistakes you made in the past.
    【详解】
    考查固定句式、短语和定语从句/宾语从句。根据句意,本句选用一般现在时。表示“没必要做某事”用there is no need to do;表示“沉浸于”用bury oneself in;表示“自怨自怜”用self-pity or regret(s),其中regret既可用作不可数名词,也可用可数名词(用复数表泛指);表示“因为”用for;表示“彻底翻转人生永远为时不晚”用it作形式主语的句式 it is never too late to turn your life around;表示“无论你曾经犯过怎样的错”用省略关系代词that(指代先行词mistakes在从句中作宾语)的定语从句表达:regardless of the mistakes you made in the past;也可用what(作定语修饰mistakes)引导的宾语从句表达: regardless of what mistakes you made in the past,故翻译为There is no need to bury yourself in self-pity or regret(s), for it is never too late to turn your life around, regardless of the (what) mistakes you made in the past.。
    37.(2021·上海浦东新区·高三二模)司机驾车远行之前把油箱加满十分明智。(sense)(汉译英)
    【答案】It makes sense for a driver to fill up the tank for a long trip./It makes sense that drivers fill up the tank before they drive long trips.
    【分析】
    本题考查汉译英翻译能力。
    【详解】
    考查名词,动词短语,to do不定式和it作形式主语。分析汉语句子可知,“把油箱加满”为句子主语,用动词短语“fill up the tank”表达,可用“it”做形式主语,真正主语用动词不定式表达;表示“十分明智”用动词短语“make sense”表达,句子中担当谓语,结合语境可知,应是一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,动词用第三人称单数,即,“makes sense”;表示“司机”用名词“driver”,在句中可与“for”搭配,构成短语“for a driver”;表示“驾车远行”用短语“for a long trip”。故翻译为It makes sense for a driver to fill up the tank for a long trip.
    考查名词,动词短语,主语从句和it作形式主语。分析汉语句子可知,“司机驾车远行之前把油箱加满”为句子主语,可用主语从句表达,“that”引导从句置于句末,“it”作形式主语;表示“十分明智”用动词短语“make sense”,作主句谓语,结合语境可知,应是一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,动词用第三人称单数,即,“makes sense”。表示从句主语“司机”可用名词“driver”,应是复数形式;表示 “把油箱加满”用动词短语“fill up the tank”,动词“fill”作从句谓语动词,用一般现在时;表示“远行之前”用状语从句“before they drive long trips”表达。故翻译为It makes sense that drivers fill up the tank before they drive long trips.
    38.(2021·上海高三三模)最好请人审阅一下你的文章,看看自己的想法是否有条不紊地表达出来了。(convey)(汉译英)
    【答案】It’s a good idea to ask someone to review your article to see if your ideas are conveyed in an organized way.
    【详解】
    考查it作形式主语、动词(短语)及介词短语等。表达“最好”可使用it作形式主语It’s a good idea to do sth.;表达“请人”应使用动词短语ask sb. to do sth.,与to构成不定式,作真正的主语;表达“审阅”可用动词review;表达“你的文章”应使用名词短语your article;表达“来看看是否”应使用to see if…;表达“你的想法”应使用your ideas;表达“表达”应使用动词convey(由于与所修饰词ideas之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态;表达“有条不紊地”应使用介词短语in an organized way。故翻译为It’s a good idea to ask someone to review your article to see if your ideas are conveyed in an organized way.
    39.(2021·上海高三其他模拟)受外在奖励驱动的人,有时很难达到自己制定别人却不知情的目标。(find it)(汉译英)
    【答案】People who are driven by extrinsic rewards sometimes find it difficult to achieve goals that they set without the knowledge of others.
    【详解】
    考查it作形式主语、不定式作真正主语和定语从句。该句在描述一个客观事实,句子用一般现在时;“受外在奖励驱动的人”翻译为people who are driven by extrinsic rewards,其中people作先行词,指人,在后面的定语从句中作主语,且和从句谓语动词之间是被动关系,是一般现在时的被动语态;“有时很难达到自己制定别人却不知情的目标”翻译为sometimes find it difficult to achieve goals that they set without the knowledge of others,其中it作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正宾语,且goals作先行词,后面是that引导的定语从句。故答案为People who are driven by extrinsic rewards sometimes find it difficult to achieve goals that they set without the knowledge of others.
    40.(2021·上海普陀区·高三二模)人们理所应当地认为花的钱越多就越有可能获得高品质的体验。(grant)(汉译英)
    【答案】People take it for granted that the more you spend the more likely you are to get a quality experience.
    It is taken for granted that the more you spend the more likely you will get quality experiences.
    【详解】
    考查代词it的特殊用法、固定句型、副词比较级。根据句意可知,此处可以使用固定句型take it for granted that或It is taken for granted that;使用“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,表示“越……越……”,“体验”可译为experience。结合其他句意,故译为People take it for granted that the more you spend the more likely you are to get a quality experience.或It is taken for granted that the more you spend the more likely you will get quality experiences.
    41.(2021·上海虹口区·高三三模)每当想到要单枪匹马去陌生的国度为生存打拼,他就觉得有点吃不消。(it) (汉译英)
    【答案】Whenever he thought of going to a strange / foreign country to work / strive / fight for survival alone / by himself / on his own, he felt it (was) a little (bit) hard / difficult for him (to endure it).
    【详解】
    考查动词时态,代词,短语,和时间状语从句。分析句子可知,主句的主语是他,译为“he”,谓语觉得,译为“feel”,有点吃不消,可以宾语从句或者不定式为宾语,用it作为形式主语来代替不定式,根据其他汉语提示,译为“it wasa little (bit) hard / difficult for him (to endure it)”;从句为时间状语从句,每当,译为“whenever”,从句主语是他,谓语想到,短语“think of”,根据语境,可知为一般过去时,再根据其他汉语提示,故翻译为Whenever he thought of going to a strange / foreign country to work / strive / fight for survival alone / by himself / on his own, he felt it (was) a little (bit) hard / difficult for him (to endure it).
    42.(2021·上海虹口区·高三三模)仅耗时短短数载,能工巧匠们就让这座曾经落寞不堪、早已被人淡忘的江南古镇重现了昔日的辉煌,令人叹为观止。(restore) (汉译英)
    【答案】It has taken / took only a few / several years for skilled workers / craftsmen to restore this ever lonely and long forgotten ancient town in the south of the Yangtze / Changjiang River to its former glory, which is / was amazing.
    It has taken / took only a few / several years for skilled workers / craftsmen to restore this ancient town that had ever been lonely and had long been forgotten in the south of the Yangtze / Changjiang River to its former glory, which is / was amazing.
    【详解】

    考查it作形式主语、动词、定语从句。“耗时数载”翻译为it takes several years to do , “能工巧匠“可以用 skilled workers或者skilled craftsmen,“落寞不堪”译为lonely,“早已被人淡忘”译为long forgotten,“江南古镇”译为 an ancient town in the south of the Yangtze / Changjiang River,“重现了昔日的辉煌”译为restore sth to its former glory,“令人叹为观止”翻译为amazing,该部分可用非限制性定语从句来表达,“这座曾经落寞不堪、早已被人淡忘的江南古镇”可以用形容词短语 ever lonely and long forgotten修饰 ancient town,也可以用定语从句ancient town that had ever been lonely and had long been forgotten ,另外整个句子陈述现实情况,故可用一般现在时,也可以用一般过去时描述过去的事情,故翻译为It has taken / took only a few / several years for skilled workers / craftsmen to restore this ever lonely and long forgotten ancient town in the south of the Yangtze / Changjiang River to its former glory, which is / was amazing.或者It has taken / took only a few / several years for skilled workers / craftsmen to restore this ancient town that had ever been lonely and had long been forgotten in the south of the Yangtze / Changjiang River to its former glory, which is / was amazing.

    三、用单词的适当形式完成句子
    43.(2021·广东高一期末)She believes________ important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet. (用适当的词填空)
    【答案】it
    【详解】
    考查形式宾语it。句意:她认为弥合数字鸿沟并确保每个人都可以访问互联网很重要。“动词+it+形容词+to do”是固定结构,意思是“(动词)某事是(形容词)怎样的”,此处是it作形式宾语,“to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet.”为真正的宾语。故填it。
    44.(2021·山东高一期末)It’s strange, but I don’t really remember much about the hurricane ________ (it). (所给词的适当形式填空)
    【答案】itself
    【详解】
    考查反身代词。句意:这很奇怪,但我对飓风本身的记忆并不多。根据提示词和句意可知,itself“本身”。反身代词位于所指的名词hurricane之后,故填itself。
    45.(2021·黑龙江哈师大附中高三期末)He owes ____________ to his father that he has been so successful. (用适当的词填空)
    【答案】it
    【详解】
    考查代词。句意:他能如此成功全归功于他的父亲。分析句子可知,此句真正的宾语为“that he has been so successful”,应用it作形式宾语,owe it to sb. that...“把......归功于某人”。故填it。

    四、句型转换
    46.(2021·广东高一期末)We are surprised that the ocean ship can sail up the Great Lake.(用 it 作形式主语改写)
    ________ the ocean ship can sail up the Great Lake.
    【答案】It surprises us that/ It is surprising that
    【详解】
    考查固定句型。It surprises us that…/ It is surprising that…是固定句型,意思是“使某人惊讶的是”,此处是it作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语,故将此句改为:It surprises us that/ It is surprising that the ocean ship can sail up the Great Lake.故填It surprises us that/ It is surprising that。
    47.(【浙江新东方】1005)All members are requested to be present at the party .(用It作形式主语改写)
    __________ __________ __________ __________all members be present at the party.
    【答案】It is requested that
    【详解】
    考查it作形式主语。句意:要求所有的成员都出席晚会。根据提示可知,本句考查it作形式主语,that引导真正的主语的主语从句,其结构是it is requested that sb. (should) do sth. that引导的从句要用虚拟语气。故填It is requested that。

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