必刷卷05-2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷（北京专用）

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绝密★启用前
2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷05
北京地区专用


北京属于自主命题地区，2022年统考英语听说考试与笔试分离，实行计算机考试，一年两次考试，取听说最高成绩与笔试成绩一同组成英语科目成绩计入高考总分。英语听说考试共计50分，英语科目总成绩满分150分。第一次考试将于2021年12月11日进行，第二次考试将于2022年3月19日进行。笔试部分题型：完形填空（10小题，满分15分）+ 短文填空（三篇短文10小题，满分15分）+阅读理解（四篇短文14小题，满分28分）+七选五（5小题，满分10分）+ 阅读回答问题（4小题，满分12分）+书面表达（1小题，满分20分）



本套试卷完形填空是一篇记叙文。是一篇记叙文。叙述了一位富有的女士遇见一个曾经帮助过她乞丐，让他到她的公司任职。短文填空（A篇是说明文，一群接受了专门的滑雪技能训练医生在冬奥会期间提供了医疗服务；B篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的空间站的相关信息；C篇是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了因病不能参加训练，但最终参加了马拉松比赛）。阅读理解（A篇是是一篇应用文。主要就如何保证个人信息不被泄露给出了建议；B篇是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者的朋友Matt在遭遇车祸，克服困难，最终回归正常生活的故事；C篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍了公平贸易；D篇是议论文。一些事实证明大学也许不是高中毕业后每个年轻人最好的、合适的、唯一的地方）。七选五是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四个减压方法。阅读表达是一篇说明文。书面表达是应用文。

（满分100分；考试时间：90分钟）
第一部分　知识运用（共两节，30 分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
As a woman walked down the streets one day, she noticed a beggar. The man looked old and ill-dressed. She___1___asked the man, “Sir? Are you hungry?” She tried to pick him up. “You need to___2___something,” the woman said.
The man looked at the woman, who, clearly by her appearance was from a___3___background. “No,” he said coldly.
The woman finally managed to___4___the man into the cafeteria and ordered him something to eat.
When the man was eating his meal, the woman stared at the man and asked “Jack. do you___5___me?” Old Jack examined her face. Then his face suddenly lit up. “Now I remember you. I used to be at the counter. You came up and asked me if you could work for something to eat.”
“Then you___6___me the biggest roast beef sandwich, a cup of coffee, and a table for me to sit at. I saw you put the___7___of my food in the cash register.” the woman said.
She opened her purse and pulled out a business___8___. “Please pay a visit to the personnel director of my company. We need your help. We can pay you the___9___in advance.”
“How can I ever repay your_____10_____?” Jack asked.
“You don’t need to”, the woman smiled.
1．A．nervously B．kindly C．curiously D．confusedly
2．A．do B．buy C．eat D．leam
3．A．wealthy B．political C．trustworthy D．famous
4．A．force B．show C．lead D．drag
5．A．recognize B．follow C．forgive D．understand
6．A．sold B．dropped C．offered D．promised
7．A．order B．menu C．price D．package
8．A．ticket B．card C．letter D．invitation
9．A．interest B．bill C．debt D．salary
10．A．comfort B．kindness C．sacrifice D．contribution
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了一位富有的女士在街上遇见一个乞丐，这个乞丐在多年前曾经帮助过她，女士带领乞丐吃了饭，并让他到她的公司任职。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她亲切地问那个男人：“先生？你饿了吗？”A. nervously紧张地；B. kindly亲切的；C. curiously好奇地；D. confusedly慌乱地。根据下文“Sir? Are you hungry?”可知，女士对这个流浪汉非常同情，此处应表达的是，她亲切地（kindly）问男人是否饿了。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你需要吃点东西，”女士说。A. do做；B. buy买；C. eat吃；D. leam学。根据上文“Sir? Are you hungry?”可知，女士担心流浪汉饿了，认为他应该吃（eat）点东西。故选C项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男人看了看那个女士，从她的外表来看，她显然有富有的背景。A. wealthy富有的；B. political政治的；C. trustworthy值得信赖的；D. famous著名的。根据下文“Please pay a visit to the personnel director of my company. We can pay you the　　9　　in advance.”可知，女士拥有一家公司，推知她有富有的（wealthy）背景。故选A项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名女子最终设法把这名男子领进自助餐厅，并给他点了些吃的。A. force强迫；B. show显示；C. lead带领，引导；D. drag拖拉。根据上文“She　　1　　asked the man, “Sir? Are you hungry?” She tried to pick him up. “You need to　　2　　something”, the woman said.”可知，女士问这个乞丐是否饿了，并试图把他拉起来，想让他吃点东西，从这些细节看，女士对乞丐充满了同情，此处指她设法带领（lead）这名男子领进自助餐厅。故选C项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当男人在吃饭时，女士盯着男人问道：“杰克，你认出我了吗？”A. recognize认出；B. follow遵循；C. forgive原谅；D. understand理解。根据下文“Then his face suddenly lit up. “Now I remember you.”可知，后来男人记起来了这个女士，因此，此处指的是女士问他是否认出（recognize）自己。故选A项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后你给了我最大的烤牛肉三明治，一杯咖啡和一张桌子让我坐。A. sold销售；B. dropped下降；C. offered给，提供；D. promised承诺。根据下文“I saw you put the　　7　　of my food in the cash register”. the woman said.”可知，当时男人把女士食物的价钱装进了收银机，由此推知，他给了（offered）女孩一个最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩买单了。故选C项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到你把我食物的价钱放进了收银机。A. order订单；B. menu菜单；C. price钱，价钱；D. package包。根据上文“Then you　　6　　me the biggest roast beef sandwich…”可知，男人给了女孩一个最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩买单了，他把钱（price）放进了收银机。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她打开钱包，拿出一张名片。A. ticket机票；B. card (尤指显示个人信息的)卡片，名片；C. letter信；D. invitation邀请。根据下文“Please pay a visit to the personnel director of my company.”可知，女士让男人去拜访她公司的主管，由此推知，她拿出名片（card）给男人。故选B项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以提前付给你工资。A. interest利益；B. bill账单；C. debt债务；D. salary薪水。根据本文第一句“As a woman walked down the streets one day, she noticed a beggar.”可知，男人是一个乞丐，可见他很穷，需要钱，因此女士想提前支付他工资（salary），以解决他的穷困。故选D项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我怎样才能报答你的好意呢？”杰克问。A. comfort舒适；B. kindness善良，好意；C. sacrifice牺牲；D. contribution贡献。通读全文，结合语境，女士不仅仅带乞丐吃东西，而且还让他到公司工作，提前支付工资，这名乞丐非常感激，因此问她怎样才能报答她的好意（kindness）。故选B项。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
A group doctors, ____11____ had been specially trained in skiing skills in China over the last four years, provided medical treatment during the Winter Olympics. In the field, if there was an accident, the ski doctors had to be on the scene in four minutes ____12____ a 10-kilo medical bag and had to deal with the injuries and remove the ____13____ (injure) athlete from the track in just 15 minutes.
【答案】
11．who 12．with 13．injured
【解析】
这是一段说明文。在过去的四年里，一群医生在中国接受了专门的滑雪技能训练，在冬奥会期间提供了医疗服务。在滑雪场上，如果发生事故，滑雪医生必须在4分钟内带着10公斤重的医疗包到达现场，在15分钟内处理受伤的运动员并将其带离跑道。
11．考查定语从句。句意：在过去的四年里，一群医生在中国接受了专门的滑雪技能训练，在冬奥会期间提供了医疗服务。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词A group doctors，在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
12．考查介词。句意：在滑雪场上，如果发生事故，滑雪医生必须在4分钟内带着10公斤重的医疗包到达现场，在15分钟内处理受伤的运动员并将其带离跑道。后跟名词作宾语，表示“带着”应用介词with。故填with。
13．考查形容词。句意：在滑雪场上，如果发生事故，滑雪医生必须在4分钟内带着10公斤重的医疗包到达现场，在15分钟内处理受伤的运动员并将其带离跑道。修饰名词athlete，应用形容词injured，作定语。故填injured。
B
China plans to complete the construction of a space station and have it put into operation around 2022, said Zhou Jianping, the chief designer of China’s manned space program, at a forum (论坛) ____14____ (hold) in Guangdong Province. The space station ____15____ (design) to weigh 100 tonnes and accommodate three astronauts. The main goal of the construction of the space station is to enable China to carry out long-term manned scientific ____16____ (experiment) in near-Earth space. The space station will be built as China’s main platform for space science research.
【答案】
14．held 15．was designed 16．experiments
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的空间站的相关信息。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国载人航天工程总设计师周建平在广东省举行的一次论坛上说，中国计划在2022年左右完成空间站的建设并投入运行。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，hold与逻辑主语a forum之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。故填held。
15．考查时态语态。句意：空间站的设计重量为100吨，可容纳三名宇航员。分析句子，空处作谓语动词，结合语意，“设计”这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，design与主语The space station之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The space station是单数，be动词应用was。故填was designed。
16．考查名词。句意：空间站建设的主要目标是使中国能够在近地进行长期载人科学实验。空处表示泛指，应用名词的复数形式，experiment表示“实验”，是可数名词，复数形式为experiments。故填experiments。
C
Tanni was born ___17___ an illness, which made her unable to move her muscles normally. Tanni was interested in sports, but when she ___18___ (grow) up she didn’t see many disabled athletes on television. Then several years later, while watching the London wheelchair marathon, she saw an athlete she knew. She dreamed that she would be on the starting line, ___19___ (compete) in the marathon too. Finally her dream came true. She was not only on the starting line, but also the winner at the finish line. Tanni believes you’ll never know what you can do ___20___ you try.
【答案】
17．with 18．was growing 19．competing 20．unless
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了因病不能正常活动肌肉的坦尼，对体育很感兴趣，最终实现了梦想，参加了马拉松比赛。
17．考查介词。句意：坦尼生来就患有疾病，这使她无法正常活动肌肉。根据句意，空处应填介词with，构成短语be born with表示“与生俱来，生而具有”，符合题意。故填with。
18．考查时态。句意：坦尼对体育很感兴趣，但在她成长的过程中，她在电视上看不到很多残疾人运动员。结合语境，此处表示“在坦尼成长的过程中”，表示过去在某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作，应用过去进行时，主语she是第三人称单数，be动词应用was。故填was growing。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意：她梦想自己能站在起跑线上，参加马拉松比赛。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，compete与逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填competing。
20．考查连词。句意：坦尼相信，除非你尝试，否则你永远不会知道自己能做什么。分析句子，空处引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”，应用连词unless。故填unless。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题2 分，共28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In our hyper-connected world, information is being collected and shared every nanosecond. The problem is that your personal information might be used against you in the future in ways you can’t imagine today. So what do you have to worry about, and what can you do to protect yourself?
If you’re worried about your personal information getting lifted...
Don’t hand over your name, address, phone number, or email address unless the receiver really needs it. If pressed, you can always make something up. Opt a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or email, which requires sharing your information and exposes you to possible data loss.
If you prefer that your Internet searches stay private...
Browse (浏览) with Firefox. Its privacy controls are stronger than other big-name browsers. Or use DuckDuckGo, and alternate service you can easily set as your default (默认) search partner at duckduckgo.com.
If you’re worried about your phone acting as a tracker...
Turn off Location Services for all apps except maps and others that specifically need to know where you are. You can do this in Settings, under Privacy and Location.
If you want companies to stop trying to sell you things...
Stop ads from tracking you by opting out of information collecting. The website simpleoptout.com is a good place to start. You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 1-888-382-1222 or donotcall.gov.
If you’re worried about being tagged (标记) in photos on social media...
Tell friends you don’t want to be tagged, and opt out of being automatically tagged in other people’s Facebook photos by going to Settings, then Face Recognition.
Always keep in mind that Internet is not a private place and your privacy is not just about freedom from embarrassment. Although you can’t prevent all Internet spying, you can minimize some unwanted spying by taking these steps.
21．Which of the following will most possibly reveal your personal information?
A．Looking for information with Firefox. B．Receiving a receipt through text messages.
C．Switching off Location Services in Settings. D．Giving your address to the receiver who needs it.
22．If you don’t want to be disturbed by ads, you can ________.
A．avoid using simpleoptout.com B．refuse a call from 1-888-382-1222
C．delete your history from DuckDuckGo D．register your phone number at donotcall.gov
23．The passage is intended to ________.
A．give advice B．introduce websites
C．show worries D．explain social media
【答案】
21．B 22．D 23．A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。主要就如何保证个人信息不被泄露给出了建议。
21．细节理解题。根据第一个标题下“Opt a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or email, which requires sharing your information and exposes you to possible data loss.”（选择纸质收据或无收据，而不是通过短信或电子邮件获取收据，这需要共享您的信息，并可能使您丢失数据。）可知，如果使用短信接受收据，需要共享你的信息，你可能会泄露个人信息。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据第四个标题下“You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 1-888-382-1222 or donotcall.gov.”（您也可以将您的电话号码打电话1-888-382-1222添加到全国禁止通话登记处或donotcall.gov网址。）可知，如果你希望不被广告打扰，可以在donotcall.gov注册自己的电话号码。故选D项。
23．目的意图题。根据第一段“So what do you have to worry about, and what can you do to protect yourself?”（那么你需要担心什么，你能做些什么来保护自己呢？）以及文章内容可知，文章主要如何保证个人信息不被泄露给出了建议，所以文章写作的目的是给出建议。故选A项。
B
Do you believe the happiness of your life has anything to do with the quality of your thoughts? Let me tell you about my friend Matt if you don’t.
Several months ago I was asked to be a FB friend with a guy named Matt. I was told that Matt had been in a terrible motorcycle accident in June of 2017. As a result of that accident, Matt’s wife died. What’s worse, Matt broke 42 bones and was burned over 33% of his body. He spent two months in the York Metro burn unit, one month in recovery center and another nine months in therapy. At first, the doctors were not sure that Matt would even live. Then he received a bad report and it was doubtful that he would ever walk again.
If there is anyone who could have fallen into a pit of self-pity, you would believe it could be Matt. But that is not what Matt chose to do. He gave it his best shot in rehab and therapy. In the end, not only did he live, but he could also walk! Believe it or not, Matt went back to work this past April! He put a quote on FB．When I read the quote knowing all Matt had been through, tears filled my eyes. Here's the quote: “Train your mind to see the good in everything. Positiveness is a choice. The happiness of your life depends on the quality of your thoughts.”.
Matt has a new goal now to write a book and share his story to help others. Most people don't like to do public speaking but Matt wants to do that. My friend Matt is a true inspiration!
24．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A．Matt's wife was dying. B．Matt was badly injured.
C．Matt was unable to walk any longer. D．Matt stayed in the hospital for a year.
25．What does the underlined part “gave it his best shot” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Lived peacefully. B．Behaved normally.
C．Tried insistently. D．Worked attentively.
26．Which of the following can best describe Matt?
A．Positive. B．Cautious. C．Considerate. D．Sensitive.
27．What's the best title for the passage?
A．No Pain, No Gain B．Every Little Helps
C．Never Too Late to Turn D．Attitude Matters Much
【答案】
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者的朋友Matt在遭遇车祸，全身严重受伤的情况下，以积极的态度，克服种种困难，回归正常生活的故事。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段中“What’s worse, Matt broke 42 bones and was burned over 33% of his body. He spent two months in the York Metro burn unit, one month in recovery center and another nine months in therapy. At first, the doctors were not sure that Matt would even live. Then he received a bad report and it was doubtful that he would ever walk again.(更糟糕的是，Matt摔断了42根骨头，全身烧伤超过33%。他在纽约地铁烧伤科待了两个月，在康复中心待了一个月，又接受了九个月的治疗。一开始，医生们都不确定Matt是否能活下来。后来他收到了一份不好的报告，人们怀疑他不能再走路了)”可推知，Matt受了重伤。故选B。
25．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“In the end, not only did he live, but he could also walk!(最后，他不仅活了下来，还能走路了！)”可知，Matt在康复和治疗中坚持尝试，最终活了下来，还能走路了。由此推知，画线部分意思是“坚持尝试”。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段“If there is anyone who could have fallen into a pit of self-pity, you would believe it could be Matt. But that is not what Matt chose to do. He gave it his best shot in rehab and therapy. In the end, not only did he live, but he could also walk! Believe it or not, Matt went back to work this past April! He put a quote on FB. When I read the quote knowing all Matt had been through, tears filled my eyes. Here's the quote: “Train your mind to see the good in everything. Positiveness is a choice. The happiness of your life depends on the quality of your thoughts.”.(如果有谁会陷入自怜的深渊，你会相信这个人就是马特。但马特并没有选择这么做。 他在康复和治疗中尽了最大的努力。最后，他不仅活了下来，还能走路了! 信不信由你，马特今年4月又回去工作了！他在Facebook上发表了评论。当我读到这句话时，我知道马特所经历的一切，眼中充满了泪水。这句话是这样的：“训练你的思维去看到每件事好的一面。积极是一种选择。你生活的幸福程度取决于你思想的质量。”)”可推知，Matt很积极。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“He put a quote on FB. When I read the quote knowing all Matt had been through, tears filled my eyes. Here's the quote: “Train your mind to see the good in everything. Positiveness is a choice. The happiness of your life depends on the quality of your thoughts.”.(他在Facebook上发表了评论。当我读到这句话时，我知道马特所经历的一切，眼中充满了泪水。这句话是这样的：“训练你的思维去看到每件事好的一面。积极是一种选择。你生活的幸福程度取决于你思想的质量。”)”结合主要介绍了作者的朋友Matt在遭遇车祸，全身严重受伤的情况下，以积极的态度，克服种种困难，回归正常生活的故事。可知，D选项“态度很重要”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
When you buy food or other products at the store, you probably don't think much about the people who grew them or made them. That's normal, but many farmers and others involved in producing food and other goods have very hard lives. Farmers work hard to grow crops, but sometimes the weather is bad, and their fields don't produce much. Or sometimes the price of what people produce goes down, and they can't earn enough to support their families. In some industries, workers are not fairly paid to make products cheaper. The fair trade movement tries to solve these problems by taking care of the people whose work benefits consumers.
Fair trade is difficult to define because it includes multiple organizations in many countries. These organizations encourage distributors (分销商) to pay a specified (指定的) minimum price for products. This minimum is often higher than the market price, but it makes sure producers earn enough to make a living. Distributors also pay some additional money that goes to the community that produced the product. This money is spent to thrive the community. For example, they might build a school or dig a well, either of which benefits everyone who uses it.
To be labeled fair trade, products have to be made following certain high standards related to treating workers well and protecting the environment. This can be expensive, but the higher prices paid by purchasers cover the extra costs. These standards can vary from industry to industry to reflect the details of the various production processes.
What does this mean for you? Many fair-trade organizations offer certification for products made with fair-trade ingredients (成分). There are different levels of certification depending on what percentage of the ingredients are fair trade. Certain websites can help you find fair-trade products.
Buying fair-trade products when possible is important because it communicates that you want companies to be involved in fair trade. Businesses need to make money, so manufacturers (制造商) are more likely to use fair-trade ingredients if they know people will pay for them. It's also important for your own integrity. Buying fair trade ensures that you're not benefiting from someone else's suffering. If you want to help more, you can write to companies you buy from and ask them to use fair-trade ingredients. In short, fair trade is about helping people who help you through their labor.
28．The fair trade movement aims to ________.
A．guide farmers to produce more crops B．help the people who make the products we use
C．tackle the problem of food shortage in rural area D．encourage consumers to purchase more products
29．What does the underlined word "thrive" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Rebuild. B．Develop. C．Recover. D．Decorate.
30．In the fair trade movement, the consumers need to pay a higher price because ________.
A．distributors are in charge of the market price
B．the products labeled fair trade are of higher quality
C．organizations in fair trade encourage them to do so
D．they need to pay for the expense to meet the high criteria
【答案】
28．B 29．B 30．D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了公平贸易运动试图通过照顾那些工作对消费者有利的人来解决这些问题。公平贸易就是要帮助那些通过劳动帮助你的人。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“In short, fair trade is about helping people who help you through their labor.（简而言之，公平贸易就是要帮助那些通过劳动帮助你的人）”所以公平贸易运动的目的就是帮助那些生产我们使用的产品的人。故选B。
29．词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“For example, they might build a school or dig a well, either of which benefits everyone who uses it.（例如，他们可能会建一所学校或挖一口井，其中任何一种都会让使用它的人受益）”可知，这个例子是在解释这些钱被用在了社会发展上，是人类获益。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“To be labeled fair trade, products have to be made following certain high standards related to treating workers well and protecting the environment. This can be expensive, but the higher prices paid by purchasers cover the extra costs.（要想被贴上公平贸易的标签，产品必须按照与善待工人和保护环境有关的某些高标准来生产。这可能会很贵，但买家支付的较高价格抵消了额外的成本）”可知，消费者支付较高的价格主要是因为他们需要支付费用来满足高标准生产。故选D。
D
The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go.
But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by college administrators.
Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves—they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn’t explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can’t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.
Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn’t make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things—may it is just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.
31．According to the passage all of the following statements are true EXCEPT ________．
A．about half of the high school graduates continue their studies at school
B．college graduates are believed to be able to earn more money
C．administrators often encourage college students to drop out
D．more and more young people are found unfit for college
32．According to the passage, the problems of college education partly originate in the fact that___.
A．society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained graduates
B．high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education
C．too many students have to earn their own living
D．college administrators encourage students to drop out
33．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?         
A．Our college experience proves that those surveys are incorrect．
B．The surveys may remind us of our beautiful college experiences．
C．The surveys should all be re-examined according to our college experiences．
D．Our college experiences may make us misunderstand the results of the surveys．
34．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To argue against the idea that college is the best place for all young people．
B．To put forward an idea that college should not be the first choice．
C．To value young people’s further education in colleges．
D．To persuade young people into working after the completing of high school．
【答案】
31．C 32．A 33．D 34．A
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。传统认为上大学能帮助他们挣更多的钱，成为“更好的”人，成会比别人更负责任的公民，但是一些事实证明大学也许不是高中毕业后每个年轻人最好的、合适的、唯一的地方。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by college administrators.(另一些学生在学习上没有动力，因此退学——这通常是受到大学管理人员的鼓励。)”可知，大学管理人员鼓励那些学习上没有动力的学生退学，C项“大学管理人员常鼓励学生退学”描述错误，故选C项。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can’t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.(我们被告知，年轻人必须上大学，因为我们的经济不能吸收一支未经训练的18岁少年大军。但失望的毕业生们发现，它也无法再吸收一大批受过训练的22岁青年。)”可知，大学教育出现的问题一部分是源于社会不能为受过良好训练的毕业生提供足够的工作。故选A项。
33．句意猜测题。根据文章内容可知，传统认为所有高中生都应该上大学，因为上大学能帮助他们挣更多的钱，成为“更好的”人，成会比别人更负责任的公民，但是一些事实证明大学也许不是高中毕业后唯一和最好的选择。结合划线句句意“We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences.(似乎我们通过记忆中的大学经历的玫瑰色光辉而可能一直在颠倒着看所有这些调查和统计数据。)”可知，此处意为“我们的大学经历可能使我们误解了调查的结果。”故选D项。
34．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段首句“But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone.(但大学从来就不能为每个人发挥它的魔力。)”及最后一段首句“Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school.(一些富有冒险精神的教育者和观察家已经公开表示，对于每个高中毕业的年轻人来说，大学可能不是最好、最合适、唯一的地方。)”可知，本文目的是反对大学是所有年轻人最好的地方这一观点。故选A项。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题2 分，共10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选
项中有两项为多余选项。
No one can be free from the sickening stress and anxiety from time to time. Not even that happy-go-lucky guy you see walking down the street whistling “Always Look on the Bright Side of Life”, since they are a part of the life. ____35____. Listed here are proven ways to control stress and anxiety.
Breathe
Taking a long and deep breath to calm yourself in stressful situations isn’t just one of those old wives’ tales. ____36____. Doctors say that slow, deep breathing can effectively cool down the angry blood that’s running around your body, allowing your brain and body to return to their normal functions.
Walk
Many hearsay techniques for dealing with stress often raise a few eyebrows. But a whole host of scientific evidence exists to suggest that walking is one of the best methods available. If you’re ever feeling the tension building up in your brain and body, drop everything and simply go for a walk. ____37____. Such a nice walk provides your body with an ideal outlet for the build-up of energy that stress can create.
Laugh
____38____. But if you are able to squeeze out even the smallest laugh during your day, you’ll soon begin to find that the effects of stress slowly slip away. When you laugh, the body releases happy hormones that ease tension brought on by stress.
Friends
Surrounding yourself with the people you love can be half the battle to defeating stress. When you are stressed, even sitting at home with a cup of tea with a friend can really help to relieve high levels of stress as it focuses your mind onto something you love. Don’t hesitate to reach for the phone and ring your friends whenever you feel stressed. ____39____.
A．After all, that’s what friends are for
B．So your friends will feel relieved soon
C．It’s a medically proven stress-relief technique
D．What can be done is to find ways to deal with them
E．Remind yourself to walk slowly and breathe normally
F．Hearty laughs allow you to feel happy and healthy again
G．If you’re stressed, the last thing you probably feel like doing is laughing
【答案】
35．D 36．C 37．E 38．G 39．A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个减压方法。
35．空前谈到，“since they are a part of the life.”可知，压力与焦虑是生活中的一部分，谁也难以幸免，和下文“Listed here are proven ways to control stress and anxiety.（这里列出了一些行之有效的控制压力和焦虑的方法）”可知，虽然无人幸免，但有控制的方法。故D项What can be done is to find ways to deal with them（唯一能做的就是设法控制它们）符合语境。故选D。
36．根据空前“Taking a long and deep breath to calm yourself in stressful situations isn’t just one of those old wives’ tales.(进行较长和深呼吸可以让你在有压力的环境中平静下来并不是无稽之谈)”以及空后的医学解释可知，C项It’s a medically proven stress-relief technique(这是一个在医学上被证明有效的减压方法)符合语境，medically呼应下文的doctors。故选C。
37．根据空后“Such a nice walk provides your body with an ideal outlet for the build-up of energy that stress can create. （这样一次好的散步为你的身体提供了一个理想的出口，让压力产生能量）”推知，空项会谈到如何散步，故E项Remind yourself to walk slowly and breathe normally(散步时记得提醒自己要做到气定神闲)符合语境。故选E。
38．根据本节小标题Laugh，特别是空后的转折关系“But if you are able to squeeze out even the smallest laugh during your day,you’ll soon begin to find that the effects of stress slowly slip away. (但是如果你每天挤出一点笑，你将会开始发现压力在慢慢减弱)”可知，感到压抑时我们最好还是笑笑。G项If you’re stressed, the last thing you probably feel like doing is laughing (在你感到压抑的时候，你最不想做的很可能就是笑)符合语境，与下文形成明显的转折关系。故选G。
39．根据空前“Don’t hesitate to reach for the phone and ring your friends whenever you feel stressed. (当你感到压力大的时候，给朋友打电话不要迟疑)”可知，空项很可能是要解释为什么可以这样贸然给朋友打电话的理由。A. After all, that’s what friends are for(毕竟，朋友就该是呼之即来的)符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32 分）
第一节（共4 小题；第40、41 题各2 分，第42 题3 分，第43 题5 分，共12 分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Your Food Choices Affect the Earth’s Climate
Every action has a cost, even for growing food and delivering it to your dinner plate. A team of researchers has found that meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains. Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited the amount of meat they eat.
There are plenty of “costs” of food. As to the visible costs, people pay money for the food as well as the fuel needed to get groceries to the store or restaurant. And there are less-visible “costs” of food as well. Producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate (灌溉) crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.
Peter Scarborough at the University of Oxford in England decided to calculate some of the less-visible pollution created by food production. His team focused on greenhouse gases emitted through the production of our food, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (甲烷) and the nitrous oxide (氧化亚氮). All three gases are powerful in warming the earth’s atmosphere.
They conducted a series of experiments and fed the data collected into a computer and then included the amount of greenhouse gases linked with producing nearly 100 common foods. Then the computer matched those greenhouse-gas amounts to the mix of foods each person had reported eating.
It shows that the diet of someone whose meals included an average of 50 to 99 grams of meat each day would be responsible for the daily release of 5.6 kilograms of CO2 equivalent (等量) while those vegans had the lowest diet-linked greenhouse-gas emissions (2.9 kg of CO2 equivalent).
It is concluded that reducing the intake of meat and other animal-based products can make a valuable contribution to climate change reduction. And compared to meat, more plant-based food can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources. In places where many people are going hungry, raising animals for meat may make it harder to ensure that everyone gets enough to eat.
40．What do the researchers’ calculations suggest?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
41．Why does the author say there are also less-visible “costs” of food?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Although plant-based food is harder to adapt to more types of lands than meat, it has a lower requirement of water and other resources.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
43．Apart from food choices, what can you do to protect the environment? (In about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
40． Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited the amount of meat they eat.
41．Because producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.
Because the author wants people to know that producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.
42．Although plant-based food is harder to adapt to more types of lands than meat, it has a lower requirement of water and other resources.According to the text, the plant-based food can not only use less water and other resources, but such food can be grown on more lands. So it is easier to adapt to more types of lands than meat.
43．I will try my best to save electricity, for example, using energy-efficient light bulbs instead of regular bulbs, which can last longer. Also, I will make sure to turn off lights, the TV, and other appliances when I’m not using them. Another way to reduce electricity use is to lower the air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary.
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究结果——与生产水果、蔬菜、坚果和谷物相比，肉类生产会释放更多使气候变暖污染物。
40．考查细节理解。由第一段中“A team of researchers has found that meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains. Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited the amount of meat they eat.(一组研究人员发现，与生产水果、蔬菜、坚果和谷物相比，肉类生产会释放更多使气候变暖污染物。他们的计算表明，如果人们限制肉类的摄入量，他们可以在减缓全球变暖方面做很多事情)”可知，减少肉类摄入，可以减缓全球变暖。故答案为Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited the amount of meat they eat.
41．考查细节理解。由第二段中“And there are less-visible “costs” of food as well. Producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.(此外，食品还有一些较为隐蔽的“成本”。生产食物需要资源，例如，灌溉农田的水，促进植物生长和防治害虫的化肥和化学品)”可知，较为隐蔽的食品成本是生产食物需要资源，例如，灌溉农田的水，促进植物生长和防治害虫的化肥和化学品。故答案为Because producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.或Because the author wants people to know that producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.
42．考查推理判断。由最后一段“And compared to meat, more plant-based food can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources. In places where many people are going hungry, raising animals for meat may make it harder to ensure that everyone gets enough to eat.(与肉类相比，更多的植物性食品可以在更多的土地上种植，水和其他资源更少。在许多人挨饿的地方，饲养动物吃肉可能会使确保每个人都有足够的食物变得更加困难)”可知，植物性食品比肉更容易适应各种土地。由此可知，Although plant-based food is harder to adapt to more types of lands than meat(尽管植物性食物比肉类更难适应更多种类的土地)陈述错误。故答案为Although plant-based food is harder to adapt to more types of lands than meat, it has a lower requirement of water and other resources. According to the text, the plant-based food can not only use less water and other resources, but such food can be grown on more lands. So it is easier to adapt to more types of lands than meat.
43．开放性试题。根据题目要求，请考生除了食物选择，写还能做些什么来保护环境。这是要求考生自主发挥题型。考生可以联系生活实际情况，选择一个话题即可，比如解约用电，坐公交车，少用塑料垃圾袋等，注意字数不少于40字。其中一份参考答案：I will try my best to save electricity, for example, using energy-efficient light bulbs instead of regular bulbs, which can last longer. Also, I will make sure to turn off lights, the TV, and other appliances when I’m not using them. Another way to reduce electricity use is to lower the air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary.
第二节（20分）
假设你是新华中学的学生李华，将参加主题为Let’s pick up a book and read 的英语演讲比赛。请你撰写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括：
1. 目前很多学生课余时间沉溺于网络，远离书本，导致记忆力减退，对学习失去兴趣等问题。
2. 阅读的益处，如：开阔视野、增强理解力、提高成绩等。
注意：1. 词数100词左右
2. 开阔视野：broaden one’s horizons
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【答案】Good morning, everyone,
I am Li Hua from Xinhua Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Let’s pick up a book and read”.
Nowadays, with the growth of the Internet, many teenagers get addicted to online games. They usually spend long hours in front of computers in their spare time. The long-term use of computers causes many students to suffer loss of memory, whose interest in studying also drops greatly.
How can we get teenagers back to a normal life? I think it a good idea to help them form the habit of reading. On the one hand, reading can broaden teenagers’ horizons. On the other hand, reading can deepen their understanding of the events happening at home and abroad. Besides, they will get good grades in their exams
Let’s pick up a book and read!
Thank you.
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生以“Let’s pick up a book and read”为题写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
空闲的：spare→free
导致：cause→lead to
帮助：help→assist
此外：besides→in addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Nowadays, with the growth of the Internet, many teenagers get addicted to online games.
拓展句：Nowadays, with the growth of the Internet, many teenagers get addicted to online games, which is bad for their study.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]
The long-term use of computers causes many students to suffer loss of memory, whose interest in studying also drops greatly.（whose引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
I think it a good idea to help them form the habit of reading.（think后面为省略了that的宾语从句）