2022届高考英语复习之语法透析：动词的时态课件

这是一份2022届高考英语复习之语法透析：动词的时态课件，共33页。PPT课件主要包含了知识导图，Past，now，Future，一般体，进行体，完成体，完成进行体，考点精析，方法解读等内容，欢迎下载使用。

过去将来时构成：shuld/wuld d
一般过去时构成：did时间标志词：ag, last week, nce upn a time ,the ther day
一般现在时构成：d/des时间标志词：nw and then, smetimes, ften，usually等
一般将来时构成：will d时间标志词：将来的时间，in+时间
过去进行构成：was/were ding
现在进行时构成：am/is /are ding时间标志词：nw, right nw, at this mment
将来进行时构成：shall/will be ding
过去完成时构成：had dne时间标志词：befre+过去的时间点，by+过去时间(by then, by the end f 2010,by the time)
现在完成时构成：have/has dne时间标志词：lately, recently, in the last/past days/years , since,up t nw, till nw, s far , ver+时间段，by+现在的时间
将来完成时构成：will have dne时间标志词：by +将来的时间
过去完成进行时构成：had been ding
现在完成进行时构成：have/has been ding
考点一　一般现在时与一般过去时1.一般现在时(1)表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受时态限制)。Time and tide wait fr n man.　岁月不等人。(2)表示现状、性质、状态时，多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作时，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。Ice feels cld.These ranges taste gd.They always care fr each ther and help each ther.
(3)表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排将要发生的动作。My dream schl starts at 8：30 a．m. and ends at 3：30 p．m.The shp clses at 11：00 p．m. every day.(4)在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。I'll write t her when I have time.If she cmes this afternn, we'll have a meeting.
2.一般过去时(1)表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的具体时间状语连用，如yesterday、last mnth、just nw、the ther day、three days ag、in 1989等。The ther day I came acrss an ld friend n the tp f Munt Tai.When he was yung, he tk cld baths regularly.I didn't expect t see yu studying at the library.
(2)上下文语境中，暗含有表示过去的时间状语时用一般过去时。Gerge said that he wuld cme t schl t see me the next day, but he didn't.(3)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。He said he wuld tell her abut the news as sn as he met her.(4)表达“原以为、原希望”等意义时，knw、think、expect等动词常用一般过去时。Much t my disappintment, the film is nt as mving as I expected.
(5)常见句型：①“It is (high) time that sb.did sth.”意为“是某人该做某事的时候了。”It is high time that we tk actin t prtect ur envirnment.②“It is/has been＋时间段＋ sth.意为“自从……做某事已经……了。”As far as I knw，it is/has been three years since he jined the army.③“wuld/had rather sb.did sth.”意为“宁愿某人做某事”　I'd rather yu stayed at hme tday.
考点二　现在进行时、过去进行时与将来进行时1.现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作。He is wrking n a paper.(2)表示现阶段但不一定是讲话时正在进行的动作。She is teaching English and learning Chinese.
(3)g、cme、leave、start、take ff、arrive at、run ut等位移动词可用进行时代替将来时。We are leaving fr Shanghai n Friday.(4)与always、ften等频度副词连用，表示经常反复的行为或某种感情色彩。The girl is always talking alud in public.Her grup are always blaming each ther. It's awful, isn't it?
下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时：(1)表示心理状态、情感的动词：like、lve、hate、care、remember、believe、want、mind、wish、agree、mean、need等；(2)表示存在状态的动词：appear、exist、lie、remain、seem、belng t等；(3)表示行为结果的动词：allw、accept、permit、prmise、admit、cmplete等；(4)表示感官的动词：see、hear、ntice、feel、smell、sund、taste、lk等。
2.过去进行时(1)过去进行时表示在过去某个时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。He was reading an interesting bk this time yesterday.(2)表示过去一个动作发生时另外一个动作正在进行。She was watching TV when a burglar brke int her huse. (3)表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作，有此用法的动词往往为位移动词，如g、begin、leave、arrive、cme、return等。I was cming t visit yu later that day, but I had t phne and cancel.
3.将来进行时表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。This time next week I'll be lying n the beach, enjying the sunshine.下星期这个时候，我正躺在海滩上，享受着阳光。
考点三　现在完成时、过去完成时与现在完成进行时1.现在完成时(1)表示动作发生在过去，截止到目前已经完成或者对现在造成一定的影响。常见的时间状语： ①表示“到目前为止”的短语：s far、by far、up t nw、till nw、by nw等；②表示“最近的”副词或者相关短语：lately、recently、in recent years等；
③表示“在过去……时间内”的短语：during/in/ver the last(past) few years(mnths、weeks...)等；④表示“自从”的短语：ever since、since ＋ 过去的时间。I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beynd recgnitin.He mved here in 2016 and he has lived here ever since.
(2)现在完成时还可以用在时间、条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。Please return the bk t me when yu have finished it.当你读完这本书时请把它归还给我。If yu have dne the experiment，yu will realize the thery better.如果你做了这个实验，你就会更好地理解这个理论。
(3)常见句型：①“It is/has been＋时间段＋since...”意为“自从……已经多久了”。It is/has been ten years since I graduated frm the university.②“This/It/That is the that...”意为“这/那是……第一/二/三/……次……”，that从句要用现在完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city.③“This is＋the＋形容词的最高级＋名词＋that...”结构，that从句要用现在完成时。This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
注意避免思维定势： “fr＋时间段”不一定是现在完成时的标志。一定要看语境强调是“该动作发生在过去，和现在没有联系”(一般过去时)，还是“该动作已经做完多长时间或对现在有一定影响”(现在完成时)。 Yang Zhenning lived in America fr many years and nw he lives in China.Dashan has lived in China fr many years.
2.过去完成时(1)表示动作发生在“过去的过去”，截止到过去已经完成。常见的时间状语：by＋过去的时间(by the end f、by the time、until、befre、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语)。　By the end f last year, we had prduced 20，000 cars. By the time Jack returned hme frm England，his sn had already graduated frm cllege.
(2)表示意向的动词，如hpe、wish、expect、think、intend、mean、suppse 等，用过去完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。We had planned t finish the wrk befre dark，but we were held up by a heavy rain. We had expected that yu wuld be able t win the match.
(3)常见句型：①“It was the that...”意为“这是第一/二……次……”It was the secnd time that he had visited Beijing.②在“、n ”句型中，主句常用过去完成时，意为“一……就……”。当hardly、scarcely、n sner置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。We had n sner been seated than the bus started.＝N sner had we been seated than the bus started.I had hardly pened the dr when he hit me.＝Hardly had I pened the dr when he hit me.
3.现在完成进行时(1)常用来表示开始于过去某个时间、一直持续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。Fr days the kids have been lking fr thers we can help.(2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。I have been calling him many times this mrning，but there's n answer.
考点四　一般将来时与过去将来时1.一般将来时(1)表示将来的动作或状态，常用will/shall＋动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tmrrw、next week等。We will have a meeting tmrrw.We will die withut air r water.(2)be ging t d在口语中常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事、必然或很可能发生的事，也可用来表示自然现象。Lk at the clud. It is ging t rain.
(3)be t d sth.表示按计划或安排即将要做某事，或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。We are t bey these rules when we g int the library.(4)be abut t d sth.表示即将要发生某事，该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用。The train is abut t leave.
2.过去将来时过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来预计以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，这种时态常用于宾语从句中，主句常用一般过去时。He always said that he wuld study hard at that time.他总是说他那时会努力学习。
方法一　慧眼识别标志词时间状语就是辨别和确认时态的标志词。Silk ____________(becme) ne f the primary gds traded alng the Silk Rad by abut 100 BCE.In the last few years, China ____________(make) great achievements in envirnmental prtectin.
方法二　细心辨语境，瞻前顾后找并列1.细心辨语境：题干中没有给出具体的时间状语时，应仔细分析设空处所在句的前后(从)句中的谓语动词的时态，弄清动作发生的时间及顺序，确定所填谓语动词的时态。2.瞻前顾后找并列：(1)可根据并列连词and、but、r、rather than、、nt als...等前后的谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态；(2)同一个主语连接两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要保持一致。
方法二　细心辨语境，瞻前顾后找并列1.The real reasn why prices ____________(be), and still are, t high is cmplex, and n shrt discussin can satisfactrily explain this Einstein was brn in 1879. As a child, few peple guessed that he____________(be) a famus scientist whse theries wuld change the wrld.3.—Is Peter cming? —N, he ____________(change) his mind after a phne call at the last walking dwn the street, I came acrss David, whm I ____________(nt see) fr years.
was ging t be
hadn’t seen
方法三　固定句式要记牢英语中有一些句式的时态常常很固定，如果题干中出现这类句式，考生应注意根据规则选用适当的时态。1.It is the that sb. has/have was the that sb. had was/were ding sth. had sb. dne sth. be abut t d sth. 's (high) time that sb. did sth./shuld d sth.
方法三　固定句式要记牢It is the first time that I ____________(be) t Beijing.
1.By abut 6,000 BC，peple ____________(discver) the best crps t grw and animals t 80，000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane，fr example, ____________(frm) the cre cllectin f the British Museum that pened in unmanned Chang'e－4 prbe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess—____________(tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple­Aitken basin.
had discveredfrmed tuched
4.“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University，says，“because it ____________(mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn ____________(cnstruct)．”5.This is why decrating with plants，fruits and flwers ____________(carry) special parts f a museum pen t the public ____________(call) galleries r rms.
means　 is cnstructedcarries are called
7.When he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary artist, they smiled and ____________(pint) dwn the river.8.—Yu are a great swimmer.—Thanks. It's because I ________________________(practise) a lt these days.
pintedhave been practising