专题 02 冠词专题--备战2022年艺术类高考英语语法冲刺宝典

这是一份专题 02 冠词专题--备战2022年艺术类高考英语语法冲刺宝典，共9页。
    LESSON 2 冠词 art.                      上一章讨论完名词，接下来我们必然要讨论与名词密不可分的冠词(Article)的用法。在英语中，冠词与名词的关系极为密切 因为它必然是修饰某个名词，以冠词所指的范 围，对名词起泛指或特指等限定修饰作用从名词短语(noun phrase)的角度来看，冠词或者是直接放在一个名词的前面来修饰它，构成“冠词+名词“这样的结构 (如 the teacher)，或者是在“冠词+形容词+名词” (如 the English teacher)这样的结构中来修饰名词。在本章中我们主要讨论冠词。具体内容安排如下： 【课前检测】（5minutes)1.[2020浙江,64]This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with _______rise of science, changes began.2.[2019 全国Ⅱ,69] When we got a call saying she was short- listed, we thought it was _________ joke.3.[2018 全国Ⅱ,62] Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over_______ past 25 years , while rice has increased only 7 percent.4.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ),62] Instead, she is earning L6,500 a day as _________model in New York.5.[2017浙江,65] For Pahlsson,its return was__________ wonder.6.[2017 甲卷(全国Ⅱ),64]This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over_________top.7.[2016甲卷(全国Ⅱ),68]Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for______ while, exercising,or doingsomething you enjoy.  [2016浙江,2]  ______ prize for the winner of the competition is __________two-week holiday in Paris.课中讲解一.冠词的定义冠词(Article),一种虚词，本身不能独立使用，只能在名词前帮助说明名词所指人或事物，冠词有三种:不定冠词;定冠词;此外也有些特定场合不用冠词，称为零冠词.二.冠词的分类和用法冠词有不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。不定冠词a用于辅音音素(而不是辅音字母)开头的单词前;an用于元音音素开头的单词前。以下单词请注意元音字母发音为辅音音素:university， uniform, universe, universal, Europe, unite, united, union,unique........以下单词请注意辅音字母开头但以元音发音:honest, honesty， hour, honor.......  表示泛指或初次提到的某人或某物，表示“一个..." He raises a black cat.I know a Mary, but not the famous one. A boy is waiting for you.  表示数量中的“一”，相当于one Rome was not built in a day3用于某些固定词组中。a few,  a little.  a good many.  a lot of ,  all of a sudden,  as a rule,  have a cold等。【过关检测】(3 mins)一.单句语法填空1、As____ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.(2017全国I)2.Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as___ model in New York.(2017 全国Ⅲ)3. For Pahlsson, its return was________ wonder.(2017 浙江)二.短文改错4.[2020全国Ⅲ改错] For example,every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple.5.[2019全国Ⅲ改错]Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.定冠词1.表示特定的人或物表示上下文提到过的人或事物，也可指上文未提到过但谈话双方都知道的人或事物.特指某人或某事物.Do you know the woman standing under the tree?2用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前 He was the first to speak against slaveryOf all the boys, Alan is the best student who speaks Spanish.  姓氏复数前加定冠词the表示一家人或夫妻两人 The Smiths moved to London years ago.4.定冠词the 与单数名词、形容词或分词连用，表示一类人或事物the rich富人     the living 生者 5.用于普通名词构成的专有名词前the Summer Palace 颐和园        the Great Wall 长城   表示世界上独一无二的东西the earth,    the moon,    the stars,    the sun7.西洋乐器前 play the piano,    play the guitar ★口诀总结:特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独无二,序数最高级,普转专有名,习语及乐器【基础练习】(10 mins)一单句语法填空1.The little boy took the blind man by ______ arm and walked him across the street.2.Then,_ ______Smiths were listening to the boy who was playing_______piano.3.In fact,_________Chinese language is the most difficult one in the world.4.I think Tom is _________ cleverer of the two boys who is ________ first to solve the problem.5.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on_________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in______ thirteenth century.二.单句改错1. I still remember how hard first day was.(2017 全国1)2. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.(2015 全国1)3.I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.(2018全国卷1)4. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watch them, my parents would not to let me.(2018全国卷11)【巩固练习】I单句语法填空1.Let's go to________ cinema----that'll take your mind off the problem.2.I don't understand what the engineer means , but I've got________ rough idea of the project plan.3.We can never expect________ bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.4. This area experienced________heaviest rainfall in ________month of May.5.In order to find_________ better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.6.What________ pity that you couldn't be there to receive the prize!7.It's not a good idea to drive for four hours without_________ break.8.I ate a sandwich while I was waiting for________20:08 train.9. George couldn't remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was_______ Sunday because everybody was at church.10.We have every reason to believe that the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games was_______success.11.________ first time I stood in front of a large group of students to give a speech, I felt a little nervous.12.It is _______common mistake for students to present something as a proven fact when it is actually______ opinion13.Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be______ Beethoven.lI .单句改错1.Some people fear that the air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world. 2.Have you heard the news? The price of a petrol is going up again. 3.We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent. 4.Students should be encouraged to use Internet as a resource.   My neighbor asked me to go for the walk, but I don't think I've got the energy 6.Polar bears live mostly on a sea ice, which they use as a platform for hunting seals 7.He said he painted for a pleasure.   The blog serves as open platform where you can do lots of things. 9.I'm glad you've been offered two summer jobs at same time-working in a restaurant and working in a museum.   They think that taking notes with cellphones instead of by the hand can save time.【拔高练习】语法填空:Passage 1[2021 山东日照第一次校际联考]Across northern Africa, the desert is steadily growing. Dry lands are spreading. But a bold project known as the Great Green Wall aims to stop the 1_______( grow)of the desert. The ambitious program includes plans _______ 2( help)protect and maintain resources and fight poverty.Farmers are learning to care for their land and use water3________( wise). They are also planting millions of trees and crops. The Great Green Wall would cover4_______ area more than 4,000 miles wide - from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east.The Great Green Wall5________(approve) by the African Union in 2007. The program receives support from the United Nations,the World Bank, and other groups.The Great Green Wall's trees provide a barrier6________desert winds and help hold moisture( 水分) in the air and soil, 7_______( allow) crops to grow. In time, the richer soil will provide more land for animals to graze on. More resources will bring more jobs. " The goal is to create sustainable land management ,"said Nora Berrahmouni, a forestry officer8_______ works with the U. N. Food and Agriculture Organization.Trees and crops have been planted in Senegal and Niger. An9________(add) benefit of the Great Green Wall is that countries in the region are sharing information about which programs work and which don't. Now, along with trees, 10_______( idea) are taking root.Passage 2(2020安徽江淮十校上学期二次联考改编)Dogs are desperate for human eye contact. It's hard for most people to resist a flash of puppy-dog eyes. Dogs split off from1_______(they) wolf relatives. A paper has found that dogs' faces are structured for complex2 _________( expression) in a way that3________( wolf) aren't. There are two muscles that work together to widen and open a dog's eyes, causing 4________ ( they ) to appear bigger, and objectively cuter. But for wolves5_____ of the two muscles was present. When dogs work these muscles, humans respond more positively. This isn't simply6 _______accidental love story , where the eyes of two species just so happen to meet across a crowded planet. Like all the best partnerships, this one more likely results from years of evolution and growth.For a _7______ ( species ) to change quickly, a pretty powerful force must be having effects on 8______ . And that's where humans come in. We connect closely with animals capable of exaggerating the size and 9_______ ( wide ) of their eyes, making them look like our own human10______( baby).短文改错：[2021 哈尔滨部分学校第一次考试]During the holiday,I tried a new way to explore the Forbidden City, where left me with deep impression. To avoid waste time buying a ticket on the spot,I made a reservation online. I got my ticket from a machine without difficulty and start the exploration. I was deep attracted by the grand architecture. To my excited,I could scan the QR codes to get detailed informations. With the VR glasses on,I even found me back to the time when the palace was under construction. How impressive!I found the Forbidden City both traditional or modern because of our history is made alive here.    参考答案：课前检测：1.the 2.a 3.the 4.a 5.a 6.the 7.a 8.The,a 过关检测：1.a 2.a 3.a 4.the-a 5.an-a基础练习：I 1.the 2.the ,the   3.the  4.the  ,the  5. the,theII.1.the first  2.in the countryside 3.the countryside 4.the-a巩固练习：1.1.the 2.a 3.a a 4.the/a the 5.a 6.a 7.a 8.the 9.a 10.a 11.The 12.a an 13.aII.1.删除air 前的 the 2.去掉 a 3.continent 前加 the 4.Internet 前加 the5.walk 前的 the 改为a 6.将 sea ice 前的 a删除7.去掉a8.open前加an 9.same 前加 the 10.去掉the拔高练习：语法填空1）1.growth  2.to help  3.wisely  4.an  5.was approved  6.against 7.allowing  8.who/that 9.added  10. ideas2)1.their 2.expressions  3.wolves’ 4.them  5.neither  6. an 7. species  8.it 9. width 10.babies短文改错作者假期期间游览紫禁城，通过网上购票、扫二维码获取信息、带 VR眼镜的真切感受,让作者感受到紫禁城传统与现代的融合。1.where改为which考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语,修饰前面的Forbidden City,故用which引导该从句。2.deep前加a考查冠词。impression为可数名词,意为"印象"，此处第一次提到这个词,表泛指,且deep的发音以辅音音素开头,故要用不定冠词a。3. waste 改为 wasting 考查动名词。avoid 意为" 避免",其后要接名词或动名词作宾语,故要用wasting4.start改为started 考查动词的时态。此处与该句中的"got"并列作谓语,故要用started。5.deep改为deeply 考查副词。deep作副词时,意为"在深处",表示由上到下或从外到里距离大;deeply作副词时,表示"极其,非常,深深地",可用于表示抽象意义上的程度深。此处表示"我"被这宏伟的建筑深深地吸引住了,故要用deeply。6.excited改为excitement考查名词。此处表示"让我兴奋的是"形容词性物主代词my后应接名词,故用excitement。7.informations 改为 information 考查名词。information 是不可数名词、没有复数形式。8.me改为myself考查代词。此处表示"我"甚至发现自己回到了宫殿建造的那个时期。故要用反身代词。9.or改为and 考查连词。both...and...意为"不仅......而且......"为固定搭配。此处表示"我"发现紫禁城既传统又现代。故用连词and。10删除because后的of考查介词。此处"of"后面为一个完整的句子,介词短语because of后不接从句,故删除of。