上海市金山区2021届高三期末（一模）英语试题

这是一份上海市金山区2021届高三期末（一模）英语试题，共32页。试卷主要包含了短对话，短文，长对话，用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，完形填空，阅读理解，六选四等内容，欢迎下载使用。

上海市金山区2021届高三期末（一模）英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________


一、短对话
1．What is most probably the man?
A．A journalist. B．An astronaut. C．A writer. D．A worker.
2．Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A．In a restaurant. B．On a train. C．On a plane. D．In a cigarette shop.
3．What do we know about Angela?
A．She’s dependable. B．She’s time-conscious.
C．She’s frequently late. D．She’s good at sports.
4．What does the woman imply?
A．She will help the man pay for the opera tickets.
B．She would like to go with the man to the opera.
C．There is no time left to order opera tickets.
D．Going to the opera is time-consuming.
5．What are the speakers most likely to do?
A．Go out to eat when the museum closes.
B．Check if the museum cafeteria is open.
C．Meet each other later in the day.
D．Leave the museum temporarily.
6．What does the woman mean?
A．The man will find a job if he perseveres.
B．The man should keep his current job.
C．The man can get a job where the woman works.
D．The man should look for a job in a different field.
7．How will the woman’s problem be settled?
A．She will get her money back from the shop.
B．She will have to talk to the manager about it.
C．She can exchange the T-shirt for a larger one.
D．She can complain to the after-sale service department.
8．What can we learn from the conversation?
A．It is a hot and smoggy day. B．There is a traffic jam on King Street.
C．A vehicle is polluting the air. D．The man is reading a report online.
9．What does the woman mean?
A．The price for rent is beyond them. B．The neighborhood is not near enough.
C．They can rent it as soon as possible. D．They don’t need a new apartment.
10．What do the man and woman say about the restaurant?
A．They are its regular customers. B．They like the Italian food best.
C．They prefer the new chef there. D．They are disappointed at its changes.

二、短文
听下面一段独白,回答以下小题
11．Why does the speaker suggest not driving to the museums?
A．There is not enough parking space.
B．Parking on the street is not allowed.
C．New drivers may not find the museums.
D．It is not environmental-friendly to drive.
12．When do the museums open?
A．8:30. B．9:00. C．9:30. D．10:00.
13．How can visitors continue their exploration of the museums after the visit?
A．By attending school. B．By using the Internet.
C．By conducting studies. D．By arranging activities.


三、长对话
听下面一段独白,回答以下小题
14．What did Starbucks mainly sell in the 1970s?
A．Coffee beans. B．Unique coffee drinks.
C．Excellent service. D．A comfortable atmosphere.
15．What is the secret of Starbucks’ success according to the passage?
A．Offering high quality coffee to customers.
B．Introducing European brands to America.
C．Giving customers a complete satisfying experience.
D．Selling expensive coffee to make the brand unique.
16．What is this passage mainly about?
A．The current worth of Starbucks. B．The development of Starbucks.
C．The co-founder of Starbucks. D．The first branch of Starbucks.

听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题
17．Why does the man want to rent a car?
A．Because he needs a luxury car to show off.
B．Because his own car is not available.
C．Because the meeting place is far away.
D．Because he cannot drive a manual car.
18．How much does the man need to pay in total?
A．3,600 yuan. B．4,000 yuan.
C．7,600 yuan. D．10,000 yuan.
19．What should the man do when the rental period is over?
A．Refill the tank of the gas.
B．Present a valid credit card.
C．Mail the key to the rental company.
D．Drive the car back to where he rents it.
20．What are the two speakers talking about?
A．Driving skills. B．Car rental.
C．Insurance policy. D．Car brands.


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.
Melbourne: So lovely. So... livable.
Every year, the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) releases a list of 140 cities and ranks them in terms of their “livability”. Melbourne 21． (top) the list for the fifth year running.
The rankings rate “relative comfort” for more than 30 factors across five categories: stability, health care, education, infrastructure (基础设施), and culture and environment. The final scores 22． (calculate) as a percentage ranging from 1 (“intolerable”) to a perfect score of 100 (“ideal”).
Take a look at the top 10 cities, and you will find that half of 23． are in Australia and New Zealand, three in Canada, and two in Europe. They’re all medium-size cities in prosperous countries, 24． relatively low population densities. It's an equation (平衡，制衡局面) that leads to low crime rates and a functional infrastructure.
Does that mean non-Melbournians should all pack up and move to the world’s 25． (livable) metropolis? Not necessarily.
26． the top 10 cities in the EIU’s rankings may be pleasant to live in, they’re not high on most people’s lists of top cities to visit. After all, they are not cities 27． (describe) as dynamic (充满活力的). Before Melbourne assumed the No. 1 ranking, it was Vancouver 28． came out on top for almost a decade its incredible stability.
“I find Melbourne a really boring town, so more livable means really dull,” said a policeman in Australia. “I live in Sydney because it’s interesting, not because it’s comfortable.”
Raised is the question whether you want to live in a livable city or a dynamic one. Big cities like Tokyo, London and New York suffer in the rankings because of higher crime rates and overburdened infrastructure, 29． drags down the rating of how “comfortable” they are. Yet they’re hard30． (beat) — when it comes to recreational offerings, including nightlife, culture and entertainment.


五、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．developed B．roughly C．standards D．inseparable E. awareness F. sustainable
G. definitely H. transform I. vegetarian J. inform K. imported
How Big is the Ecological Footprint of Your Food?
There is no doubt that eating less meat is good for our planet. However, if you are not ready to give up meat entirely, how to make a more 31． choice? Or have you ever thought about where the fish in your soup comes from? Or have you ever wondered how to reduce environmental impact of your meals?
‘We are what we eat!’ confirms the important notion that food and human are 32．. Food is culture, a sense of identity and a personal preference. But globally, our food system accounts for 33． a quarter of manmade greenhouse gas emissions. That’s why we should rethink our food consumption and include “the good food for the planet Earth” into our next recipe!
An expert from WWF Sweden (瑞典世界自然基金会) discussed the role of WWF at one meeting about future food. WWF Sweden aims to 34． production and consumption of food to increase sustainability. There are three interesting tools 35． by WWF Sweden that can help you to make the right choice on food consumption.
“Our Planet Plate” is a campaign with which WWF Sweden hopes to raise climate change 36． about food consumption. Aiming to address the goal of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees, WWF provides information on how much greenhouse gases a meal should release to achieve the goal.
WWF Food Calculator is a tool that gives you an idea of how much greenhouse gas emissions your breakfast, lunch or dinner leads to. This tool can 37． how much carbon dioxide is released from the ingredients you use to cook. If you want to reach the goal of 1.5 degrees emission reduction, you are looking at having approximately 11 kg of CO2 equivalent food per week. You do not have to be 38． to reach this goal, but you have to be creative with your recipes. For instance, you could choose free-range meat or opt for local fish over mass-produced meat or 39． fish.
Initiated by SLU, a ‘Meat-Guide’ has been taken up and expanded by WWF Sweden since 2015. The Meat-Guide bases on five 40． of climate, biodiversity, chemical pesticides, animal welfare and antibiotics. You can download the Meat-Guide app onto your phone and use it the next time you do your groceries.


六、完形填空
Ecotourism is often regarded as a form of nature-based tourism and has become an important alternative source of tourists. It is broadly defined as low 41 travel to endangered and often undisturbed locations. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas. And it often provides funds for conservation and 42 the economic development of places that are frequently poverty-stricken.
Ecotourism and other forms of sustainable travel have their 43 with the environmental movement of the 1970s. Ecotourism itself did not become prevalent (流行的) as a travel concept until the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness and a desire to travel to natural locations as 44 to built up tourist locations made ecotourism desirable.
Since then, several different organizations specializing in ecotourism have developed and many different people have become experts on it. Martha D．Honey, PhD, a co-founder of the Center for Responsible Tourism, 45 , is just one of many ecotourism experts.
Opportunities for ecotourism exist in many different locations worldwide and its activities can vary 46 .
Madagascar, for instance, is famous for its ecotourist activity as it is a biodiversity hotspot, but also has a high priority for environmental conservation and is devoted to reducing poverty. Conservation International says that 80% of the country's animals and 90% of its plants are 47 to the island. Madagascar's lemurs (马达加斯加狐猴) are just one of many 48 that people visit the island to see.
Because the island's government is 49 to conservation, ecotourism is allowed in small numbers because education and funds from the travel will make it easier in the future. 50 , this tourist revenue also aids in reducing the country's poverty.
Despite the popularity of ecotourism in the above-mentioned examples, there are several 51 of ecotourism as well. The first of these is that there is no one definition of the term so it is difficult to know which trips are 52 considered ecotourism.
Critics of ecotourism also cite that increased tourism to 53 areas or ecosystems without proper planning and management can actually harm the ecosystem and its species because the infrastructure needed to sustain tourism such as roads can contribute to environmental degradation (恶化).
Ecotourism is also said by critics to have a negative impact on 54 communities because the arrival of foreign visitors and wealth can shift political and economic conditions and sometimes make the area 55 tourism instead of the domestic economic practices.
Regardless of these criticisms though, ecotourism and tourism, in general, are increasing in popularity all over the globe and tourism plays a large role in many worldwide economies.
41．A．impact B．frequency C．standard D．profit
42．A．undergoes B．supervises C．benefits D．ignores
43．A．agencies B．impacts C．obstacles D．origins
44．A．addicted B．opposed C．reduced D．attached
45．A．in particular B．in a sense C．as a result D．for example
46．A．widely B．accordingly C．respectively D．naturally
47．A．subject B．fatal C．peculiar D．close
48．A．residents B．species C．properties D．locations
49．A．restricted B．accustomed C．connected D．committed
50．A．After all B．On occasion C．By contrast D．In addition
51．A．perspectives B．consequences C．criticisms D．methods
52．A．briefly B．truly C．luckily D．carefully
53．A．sensitive B．inaccessible C．cultivated D．vast
54．A．agricultural B．remote C．local D．divided
55．A．depend on B．differ from C．deal with D．dig into


七、阅读理解
One rainy afternoon, I was on a crosstown bus when a young woman jumped on. She had a child with her who must have been about 3 or 4 years old.
The bus was full, bumpy, and it soon got noisy as her kid began crying because he couldn’t sit next to his mother. There were a couple of open seats, but they weren’t together. She was flustered and looked embarrassed.
Then another woman, a little older, stood up and moved so that the mother and child could sit together. The mom smiled as a thank-you. And then three words came out of the older woman’s mouth that elevated the entire energy of that bus ride: “I’ve been there”.
Simple, undramatic and honest. In that moment, it seemed to unite people. Why? Because almost all experiences are shared human experiences. We forget that, as we forge (前进) through life, focused on our own troubles and needs—which are actually less unique than we think. How can these three words create more connection in your life? Ask yourself: “Where am I holding back?
One thing I know for sure is this: Healing others helps heal yourself. I noticed this recently with my friend, Tracy, who took a new friend who had suffered a miscarriage under her wing. Tracy had three of them before having her daughter two years ago. Our intellect needs a doctor to explain the medical side of things, yes. But our souls need human connection to help us along. No one can do that better than someone who has been exactly where you are.
Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice that someone’s uncomfortable—because we’re all in this together.
56．The underlined word “flustered” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.
A．angry B．anxious C．scared D．upset
57．What does the woman mean by saying “ I’ve been there”in the third paragraph？
A．The woman was on the bus and saw what had happened to the boy.
B．The woman got to her destination and was ready to get off the bus.
C．The woman once had the similar experience with that mother.
D．The woman took the exact seat that the boy was on just now.
58．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Everyone has his or her own unique problem that is difficult to solve.
B．Doctors can help us get through when we have mental or physical problems.
C．The author’s friend Tracy felt better after she was comforted by her new friend.
D．One can indeed make a difference to those in need of help by doing simple things.
59．The passage is intended to _______.
A．show a harmonious world by telling some touching stories
B．praise those who are willing to help others in emergencies
C．appeal to readers to give timely help to those in need
D．illustrate some ways of helping others in detail

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60．Walking in shoes made by Gravity Defyer Corp., one’s pain can be relieved in the following parts except ________.
A．Ankle. B．Neck. C．Knee. D．Back.
61．Which of the following is TRUE of the shoes?
A．Women have more choices of shoe colour than men.
B．One can enjoy $30 off if his order is more than $100.
C．Consumers can return shoes within 30 days for full refund.
D．Those who place orders in California don’t need to pay extra sales tax.
62．Where does this passage most probably appear?
A．A science journal. B．A travel brochure.
C．An advertisement column. D．An entertainment magazine.

A recent survey conducted by the Pew Research Centre showed that a mere 16% of Americans think that a four-year degree course prepares students very well for a high-paying job in the modern economy. But technology also seems to be complicating the picture.
A paper published by a trio (三人小组) of Canadian economists, Paul Beaudry, David Green and Benjamin Sand, questions optimistic assumptions about demand for non-routine work and shows that since 2000 the share of employment accounted for by high-skilled jobs in America has been falling. This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment. Skilled and unskilled workers alike are in trouble. Those with a better education are still more likely to find work, but there is now a fair chance that it will be unenjoyable. Those who never made it to college face being squeezed out of the workforce altogether. This is the argument of the techno-pessimists.
There is another, less pessimistic possibility. James Bessen, an economist at Boston University, finds that since 1980 employment has been growing faster in occupations that use computers than in those that do not. Partial automation can actually increase demand by reducing costs. But even though technology may not destroy jobs in all, it does force change upon many people.
In many occupations it has become essential to acquire new skills as established ones become out-of-date. Burning Glass Technologies, a Boston-based startup that analyses labor markets by obtaining data from online job advertisements, finds that the biggest demand is for new combinations of skills—what its boss, Matt Sigelman, calls “hybrid jobs”. The composition of new jobs is also changing rapidly.
A college degree at the start of a working career does not answer the need for the continuous acquisition of new skills, especially as career spans (持续时间) are lengthening. Vocational training is good at giving people job-specific skills, but those, too, will need to be updated over and over again during a career lasting decades. Vocational training has a role, but training someone early to do one thing all their lives is not the answer to lifelong learning.
Add all of this up, and it becomes clear that times have got tougher for workers of all kinds. A college degree is still a prerequisite (必备条件) for many jobs, but employers often do not trust it enough to hire workers just on the strength of that, without experience. In many occupations workers on company payrolls face the prospect that their existing skills will become outdated, yet it is often not obvious how they can gain new ones.
63．We can learn from the paper conducted by the Canadian economists that ____________.
A．employment has been shaken by technology
B．college degree is a necessity in career success
C．skilled workers are no longer required in most American industries
D．techno-pessimism paves the way for future technology development
64．James Bessen believes that ____________.
A．increased demand can bring about cost reduction
B．progressive automation is beneficial to companies
C．technology advancement has a positive impact on most people
D．computer has always been an essential factor in employment
65．Burning Glass Technologies is mentioned as an example to show that ____________.
A．online job advertisements require a precise data analysis
B．acquisition of new skills is essential in current job market
C．the composition of new jobs is shaped by technology
D．Matt Sigelman predicts a bright future of job market
66．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Lifelong Learning: an Economic Priority
B．Technology Revolution: the Way to Success
C．College Degree: a Guarantee for Career Change
D．Vocational Training: a Blessing for Job Seekers


八、六选四
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
How to Leave Work at Work
Some jobs have very clear lines between when you’re “on” and when you’re “off,” while in others the lines are vague — or potentially nonexistent. 67．
As a time management coach, I’ve found these three steps can help. I encourage you to challenge yourself to gradually implement these changes and see how much you can leave your work at work—both physically and mentally—in 2020.
Step 1: Define “After Hours”
If you have a traditional 9-to-5 job, your hours are set for you. 68． If your employer has a certain number of hours that you’re expected to work each week, start by seeing how to fit those hours around your fixed personal commitments, like taking your kids to school or extracurricular activities. When do you need to start and stop to put in the proper work time?
Step 2: Have Mental Clarity
Next, make sure you have mental clarity on what needs to get done and when you will complete it. This includes having a place where you write down the many tasks that you need to do, whether that’s in a notebook, a task management app, a project management system, or in your calendar. 69． Then once you have this list, plan out your work. This planning reduce anxiety that something will fall through the cracks or that you’ll miss a deadline. The final part of increasing your mental clarity is to have an end-of-workday wrap-up.
Step 3: Get Work Done at Work
It may seem crazy to say this, but I want to encourage you to give yourself permission to do work at work. For many, they perceive “real work” as something they reserve for post-5 or 6 pm, after everyone else has left the office or after they’ve tucked their kids in bed for the night. 70． But if you want to stop feeling distracted by work after hours, you need to actually do your work during the day.
As individuals, we need a mental break to do our best work, and taking time for ourselves without the distraction of work can help us become our best selves. I can’t guarantee that thoughts about work will never cross your mind, but with these four steps, you can reduce how much you’re distracted by work after hours.
A.That makes not being distracted by work a major challenge.
B.This gives them a more generous time period to wrap items up.
C.A flexible schedule allows employees to work hours that differ from the normal company time.
D.But if you work flexible hours, you need to think through when you want to be on and off the clock.
E.People have this mindset because this time can seem like the few precious hours when they are not interrupted.
F.The important point is that you’re not lying in bed at night trying to remember everything on your mental to-do list.


九、概要写作
71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Will people reduce car use in 20 years？
Nowadays, the ownership of cars is no longer being recognized as a symbol of one’s wealth and social position. Tracking back to the past when only the rich were qualified to possess private cars, we couldn’t help marveling at the historic change such a convenient invention brought to people’s daily lives. Nevertheless, the increase in the number of car owners is spelling many negative effects. These rising problems also cause some people to predict that the use of cars might be reduced in two decades.
Above all, the use of cars remarkably threatens our environment, if such a tendency is not brought under control in time, the Earth will no longer be a suitable place for humans to survive in the future. People have to face the consequence. It is a reality from which no one is able to escape. Every day, thousands of private cars are emitting tons of exhausted gas that seriously pollutes the air. The carbon dioxide leads to the worldwide greenhouse effect, which causes the sea level to rise and produces negative impacts on weather. In addition, more energy is being wasted because of the production of private cars. In order to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, people ought to reduce the use of cars.
In fact, diversified measures are being taken by the government to limit the use of cars. If such a tendency continues, the effect will be shown in the near future. For example, to reach the goal of building a safe and harmonious society, Beijing Traffic Management Bureau has restricted regional traffic in rush hours on working days. A number of private cars are prohibited on no-driving-days.
Last, the advancement of public transportation systems also helps change car owners’ way of travelling. Efforts are being made to construct more agreeable networks of buses, subways, trains and airplanes. In the meanwhile, advances in technology might help cut down the cost of travelling in public vehicles.

十、汉译英（整句）
72．仅仅靠旅游来拓宽我们的视野是远远不够的。(far)（汉译英）
73．很多白领要先喝上一杯咖啡，才能开始工作。(without) （汉译英）
74．科学家们想弄清楚的是：经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力。（What) （汉译英）
75．很多学生意识到学习语言的主要目的不是为了考试，而是为了让自己有更好地认识世界的能力。（equip）（汉译英）

十一、图画作文
76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
请仔细阅读以下三幅图片《三代农夫》（Three Generations of Farmers）并完成写作。
在写作中，你必须：
1）简要描述三幅图片中的内容；
2）分析其背后所反映的现象及原因；
3) 对你的启示。



参考答案
1．C
【原文】
W: I have read most of your fictional works. I enjoyed them, especially the one that has come out recently.
M: Thank you. In that piece of work, I just imagined myself being a journalist who traveled to space.
Q: What is most probably the man?
2．B
【原文】
M: Can’t I just open a window, or go to the buffet car?
W: I’m sorry, but you must put out your cigarette. Otherwise, I’ll have to ask you to get off at the next station.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
3．C
【原文】
W: What time are we setting off on the mountain-climbing trip, Dad?
M: Perhaps around ten o’clock. Depends on what time Angela arrives. She’s usually behind schedule.
Q: What do we know about Angela?
4．D
【原文】
M: I wish I could afford season tickets to the opera.
W: Well, just think of how much time you have to do other things.
Q: What does the woman imply?
5．D
【原文】
M: I know the museum cafeteria isn’t open yet, but these paintings of food are so realistic that they are making me hungry!
W: Me too. Let’s go out and find a restaurant and come back later.
Q: What are the speakers most likely to do?
6．A
【原文】
M: I’ve been looking for a job for months. I can’t find anything in my field.
W: I know how you feel, but you should keep at it. Eventually something will come up.
Q: What does the woman mean?
7．A
【原文】
W: I’d like to talk to someone about the T-shirt. It has shrunk to half its original size.
M: Sorry, madam, we’ve had a lot of complaints about the T-shirts. Don’t worry. You will receive a full refund.
Q: How will the woman’s problem be settled?
8．C
【原文】
W: Good morning! This is Clean Air Hot Line. May I help you?
M: Yes, I’d like to report a smoking vehicle running on King Street.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
9．A
【原文】
M: Helen told me about an apartment for rent in her building.
W: Everything in that neighborhood is out of our price range.
Q: What does the woman mean?
10．D
【原文】
M: I used to eat at this place regularly. For years, they had the best Italian food in town.
W: I agree. It was one of my favorites too until they redecorated and hired a new chef.
Q: What do the man and woman say about the restaurant?

11．A
12．D
13．B
【原文】
With much to see and do at our museums, we have some tips to make your visit with us a memorable one.
Before you arrive, please plan ahead. Learn what exciting activities and exhibitions may be available during your stay, as well as hours and directions, by visiting our website, sending an e-mail for information, or calling 202-633-1000. Wear comfortable shoes. Our museums cover an area from 3rd to 14th Street. Please ride, don’t drive, or use the Metro to visit us as on-street parking is limited.
When you arrive, please start your visit at the Information Center. Located in the Castle, it is open daily from 8:30 AM to 5:30 PM, one and a half hours earlier than the museums. Here, you can ask questions and obtain various leaflets. Explore any exhibition or gallery that catches your attention and participate. Visit the Air and Space Museum, American Indian Museum. Visit the Museum Stores, see a film at the Air and Space Museum or Natural History Museum, or just have a walk through our gardens.
After your visit, talk about the things you see and connect them to what you are learning at home or at school. Keep your curiosity. You can continue your museum adventure with virtual activities by learning online.

14．A
15．C
16．B
【原文】
The United States didn’t invent coffee but they did invent modern coffee shop culture. Coffee sales are generally worth more than $100 billion now, compared with those decades ago. It all began with one business in particular — Starbucks, an American company that has become a global brand.
The first branch of Starbucks was opened in 1971 by three friends in Pike Place Market located in downtown Seattle. At that time, people made coffee at home or bought them at restaurants. So, in the 1970s, Starbucks was nothing more than a coffee bean supplier.
In 1983 Howard Schultz, one of the co-founders of Starbucks, traveled to Milan and was amazed by local coffee shops. He saw the opportunity to bring that concept to the U.S. By learning from the experience of European coffee shops, he found that what really mattered was not where people walked into but what customers could expect. He suggested that Starbucks’ cultural value should rely on giving their customer a complete experience: quality coffee, excellent service and a unique atmosphere. Now everybody talks about experience, but Starbucks had that in mind in the 1980s. That was the secret that enabled Starbucks to charge more than $3 for a cup of coffee at that time. And now, as we all know, based on Schultz’s concept, Starbucks is one of the coffee giants in the world.

17．B
18．C
19．A
20．B
【原文】
W: Good afternoon, Sir. Can I help you?
M: Oh, I do hope so. I’m going to Hangzhou to attend a meeting and my car just broke down. Do you happen to have a car available right now?
W: What sort of car do you have in mind and for how many days?
M: I prefer an automatic car of those luxury brands and I need it for three days.
W: We have a BMW 740 right now in the parking lot. It is a pretty new one and our price is 1,200 yuan per day with unlimited distance. We require a rental deposit of 4,000 yuan now, but you will get it back after the rental service is done.
M: Does that include everything?
W: We offer unlimited distance allowance and special insurance that pays for repair of any damage.
M: OK, I think I will have that one. Where can I return the car once the rental period is up?
W: Well, we have parking lots near every major airport and railway station. You just return the car there and leave the key to our staff in the parking lot. Or you can put the key in the drop box of our rental offices if you can’t find our staff at the parking lot.
M: Do I have to return the car with a full tank of gas? I know that is the standard procedure with most rental companies.
W: Yes, unless you are willing to pre-pay for the gas now. Review the car please before you drive off the lot. If the gas tank is not full or if you see some damage, please inform us immediately.
M: Thank you for reminding me of that. I’m quite clear how this all works now.
W: Lovely! Now may I have your driver’s license and credit card for a moment, please? And here is our rental agreement. Please carefully review it and then sign your name here.
M: OK.

21．has topped
22．are calculated
23．them
24．with
25．most livable
26．Though/ Although/ While
27．described
28．that
29．which
30．to beat
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了非常宜居的墨尔本城市。
21．
考查动词时态。句意：墨尔本已经连续五年位居榜首。根据后文的the fifth year running可知，此处是指从过去一直延续到现在的动作，需要用现在完成时态。故填has topped。
22．
考查语态。句意：最终分数以百分制计算，从1(“无法忍受”)到满分100(“理想”)。本句主语是The final scores，谓语动词是calculate，主谓之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态，此处是描述现在的事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数。故填are calculated。
23．
考查代词。句意：看看排名前10的城市，你会发现其中一半在澳大利亚和新西兰，三个在加拿大，两个在欧洲。此处需要用代词指代前文的top 10 cities，用第三人称复数形式they。空前有介词of，介词后面加宾格。故填them。
24．
考查介词。句意：它们都是富裕国家的中等规模城市，人口密度相对较低。此处“人口密度相对较低”是对前面的解释，需要用with连接，做伴随状语。故填with。
25．
考查形容词最高级。句意：这是否意味着非墨尔本人应该收拾行装，搬到世界上最宜居的大都市？不一定。根据语境及前文的the可知，此处需要用最高级。故填most livable。
26．
考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管经济学人智库排名的前10位城市可能是令人愉快的居住城市，但它们在大多数人心目中的旅游城市排名并不靠前。根据句意，此处前后句是让步关系，表示让步的连接词有though/ although/ while。故填Though/ Although/ While。
27．
考查过去分词。句意：毕竟，它们不是被描述为充满活力的城市。describe与cities是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词做后置定语。故填described。
28．
考查强调句。句意：温哥华以其令人难以置信的稳定，在近十年的时间里一直位居榜首。本句的强调句句型，it be +被强调部分+that...，此处被强调部分是Vancouver。故填that。
29．
考查定语从句。句意：像东京、伦敦和纽约这样的大城市由于较高的犯罪率和不堪重负的基础设施而在排名中受损，这拉低了这些城市“舒适程度”的排名。本句的非限制性定语从句，从句修饰前面整个句子，在从句中做主语，应用which引导。故填which。
30．
考查不定式。句意：然而，当谈到娱乐产品，包括夜生活、文化和娱乐时，他们很难被击败。此处用不定式做定语，修饰they。故填to beat。

31．F
32．D
33．B
34．H
35．A
36．E
37．J
38．I
39．K
40．C
【分析】
本文为说明文。食物和人类是相互依存的，但是在全球范围内，我们的食品系统占人为温室气体排放的四分之一，我们应该重新思考我们的食物消费，减少饮食对环境的影响。
31．
考查形容词。句意：然而，如果你还没有准备好完全放弃肉类，如何做出一个更可持续的选择？ 分析句子成分可知，此处作定语，故应用形容词，结合句意，“sustainable(可持续的)”符合语境，故选F。
32．
考查形容词。句意：“我们吃什么就是什么!”证实了一个重要的概念，即食物和人是不可分割的。分析句子成分可知，所设空作表语，“食物和人是密不可分的（inseparable）”，故inseparable符合语境，故选D。
33．
考查副词。句意：但就全球而言，我们的食品系统约占人类温室气体排放的四分之一。分析句子成分并结合语境，此处应用副词，意为“大约，大概”，roughly符合句意，故选B。
34．
考查动词。句意：世界自然基金会瑞典分会旨在改变食品的生产和消费，以提高可持续性。根据其前的“aims to”可知应用动词原形，结合句意，“transform(改变)”符合语境，故选H。
35．
考查过去分词。句意：瑞典世界自然基金会开发了三种有趣的工具，可以帮助你在食物消费上做出正确的选择。分析句子成分可知，“ ___5___ by WWF Sweden”作后置定语，结合句意，“由瑞典世界自然基金会开发（develop）的三个有趣的工具”， “开发（develop）”与“three interesting tools”之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式，即developed，故选A。
36．
考查名词。句意：“Our Planet Plate”是瑞典世界自然基金会发起的一项运动，旨在提高人们对食物消费的气候变化意识。分析句子结构可知，所设空处应用名词，作宾语，与其前的raise构成固定搭配“raise awareness”，意为“提高意识”，所以填awareness，故选E。
37．
考查动词。句意：这个工具可以告诉你烹饪所用的食材释放了多少二氧化碳。分析句子成分可知，此处应用动词原形，结合句意，“inform(告诉，报告)”符合语境，故选J。
38．
考查名词。句意：你不必成为素食者来达到这个目标，但你必须创造性地使用你的食谱。根据语境，上文提到“If you want to reach the goal of 1.5 degrees emission reduction, you are looking at having approximately 11 kg of CO2 equivalent food per week(如果你想达到减排1.5度的目标，你就需要每周食用约11公斤二氧化碳当量的食物)”可知，为了达到这个目标，你不必成为“素食者（vegetarian）”，vegetarian符合语境，故选I。
39．
考查过去分词。句意：例如，你可以选择自由放养的肉，或者选择本地的鱼，而不是大量生产的肉或进口的鱼。结合句意，与上文“local fish(本地的鱼)”对比，此处意为“进口的（imported）鱼”，故选K。
40．
考查名词。句意：肉类指南基于气候、生物多样性、化学农药、动物福利和抗生素等五个标准。结合句意，“climate, biodiversity, chemical pesticides, animal welfare and antibiotics”为肉类指南所设立的五个“标准（standards）”，故选C。

41．A
42．C
43．D
44．B
45．D
46．A
47．C
48．B
49．D
50．D
51．C
52．B
53．A
54．C
55．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生态旅游的发展和生态旅游的优缺点，并说明了生态旅游和旅游业在全球越来越受欢迎，旅游业在许多世界经济中扮演着重要角色。
41．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它被广泛定义为前往濒危和通常未受干扰的地点的低影响旅行。A. impact影响；B. frequency频率；C. standard标准；D. profit利润。根据上文的“It is broadly defined as”可知，此处描述生态旅游，应为对自然影响低的旅游。故选A项。
42．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它还经常为环境保护提供资金，对贫困地区的经济发展有益。A. undergoes经历；B. supervises监督；C. benefits对……有益；D. ignores忽视。根据上文“it often provides funds for conservation（它经常为环境保护提供资金）”可知，此处描述生态旅游的好处，可以推断，应为“对贫困地区的经济发展有益”。故选C项。
43．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生态旅游和其他形式的可持续旅游都起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。A. agencies代理；B. impacts影响；C. obstacles障碍；D. origins起源。根据后文“Ecotourism itself did not become prevalent (流行的) as a travel concept until the late 1980s.（直到1980年代末，生态旅游本身作为一个旅游概念并没有成为流行的。）”讲述可持续旅游的发展，可以推断，此处应为“可持续旅游起源于环保运动”。故选D项。
44．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，人们的环保意识不断增强，人们希望到自然环境中旅游，而不是建造旅游景点，这使得生态旅游成为人们向往的旅游方式。A. addicted使……上瘾；B. opposed使对立；C. reduced减少；D. attached 附上。“built up tourist locations（建造旅游景点）”与“natural locations （自然环境地点）”是相反的概念”应用“opposed”。故选B项。
45．
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：Martha D. Honey是负责任旅游中心的联合创始人，她只是众多生态旅游专家之一。A. in particular尤其；B. in a sense在某种意义上；C. as a result在某种意义上；D. for example例如。前文提到“several different organizations specializing in ecotourism have developed and many different people have become experts on it.（几个专门从事生态旅游的不同组织已经发展起来，许多不同的人已经成为这方面的专家。）”，Martha D. Hone是生态旅游专家的一个例子，可以推断，此处为举例子。故选D项。
46．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：生态旅游的机会存在于世界各地许多不同的地方，其活动可以有很大的差异。A. widely广泛地；B. accordingly 因此；C. respectively分别地；D. naturally自然地。根据“Opportunities for ecotourism exist in many different locations worldwide（生态旅游的机会存在于世界各地许多不同的地方）”以及后文对生态旅游的支持或者批评态度，可以推断，此处为“活动差异很大”。故选A项。
47．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国际保护组织表示，该国80%的动物和90%的植物都是该岛特有的。A. subject易遭受……的；B. fatal致命的；C. peculiar特殊的；D. close紧密的。根据前文“ biodiversity hotspot（生物多样性热点地区）”以及根据常识可以推断，此处为“该国80%的动物和90%的植物都是该岛特有的”。故选C项。
48．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：马达加斯加狐猴只是人们到岛上观赏的众多物种中的一种。A. residents居民；B. species物种；C. properties道具；D. locations地点。根据常识可知，马达加斯加狐猴是生物物种，可以推断，此处应为“马达加斯加狐猴只是众多物种之一”。故选B项。
49．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于该岛政府致力于生态保护，允许少数人进行生态旅游，因为旅游业的教育和资金将使未来的生态旅游变得更容易。A. restricted受限制的；B. accustomed习惯的；C. connected连接的；D. committed效忠的。根据后文“ ecotourism is allowed in small numbers （允许少数人进行生态旅游）”以及后文“Despite the popularity of ecotourism in the above-mentioned examples（尽管在上述例子中生态旅游很受欢迎）”，可以推断，马达加斯加的政府致力于生态保护。be committed to“致力于”。故选D项。
50．
考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，这种旅游收入也有助于减少该国的贫困。A. After all毕竟；B. On occasion有时；C. By contrast相比之下；D. In addition另外。前文“education and funds from the travel will make it easier in the future（旅游业的教育和资金将使未来的生态旅游变得更容易）”和后文的“ reducing the country's poverty（减少贫困）”都是致力于生态旅游的好处，可以推断，此处应为“In addition”。故选D项。
51．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管生态旅游在上述例子中很受欢迎，但也有一些对生态旅游的批评。A. perspectives看法；B. consequences后果；C. criticisms批评；D. methods方法。上述例子表示欢迎，且根据句中“Despite（尽管）”表转折，故此处应为“有一些对生态旅游的批评”。故选C项。
52．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：首先，生态旅游这个术语并没有统一的定义，所以很难知道哪些旅游是真正意义上的生态旅游。A. briefly短暂地；B. truly真正地；C. luckily幸运地；D. carefully小心地。根据“there is no one definition of the term （生态旅游这个术语并没有统一的定义）”，可以推断，此处应为“不知道哪些旅游是真正意义上的生态旅游”。故选B项。
53．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生态旅游的批评者还指出，在没有适当规划和管理的情况下，增加对敏感地区或生态系统的旅游，实际上会损害生态系统及其物种，因为维持旅游业所需的基础设施，如道路，可能导致环境退化。A. sensitive敏感的；B. inaccessible难达到的；C. cultivated有教养的；D. vast广阔的。根据“ actually harm the ecosystem and its species（实际上会损害生态系统及其物种）”可以推断，此处应为“敏感地区”。故选A项。
54．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：批评人士还说，生态旅游对当地社区也有负面影响，因为外国游客和财富的到来会改变政治和经济状况，有时会使该地区依赖旅游业，而不是国内的经济实践。A. agricultural农业的；B. remote遥远的；C. local当地的；D. divided分裂的。根据后文“the arrival of foreign visitors and wealth （外国游客和财富的到来）”以及常识，可以推断，此处为旅游会对当地社区产生影响。故选C项。
55．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：批评人士还说，生态旅游对当地社区也有负面影响，因为外国游客和财富的到来会改变政治和经济状况，有时会使该地区依赖旅游业，而不是国内的经济实践。A. depend on依赖；B. differ from与……不同；C. deal with处理；D. dig into钻研。根据后文的“the domestic economic practices（国内的经济实践）”，可以推断，此处为“会使该地区发展依赖旅游业，而不是依赖经济实践”。故选A项。
【点睛】
完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第10小题，前文“education and funds from the travel will make it easier in the future（旅游业的教育和资金将使未来的生态旅游变得更容易）”和后文的“ reducing the country's poverty（减少贫困）”都是致力于生态旅游的好处，可以推断，此处应为“In addition”。故选D项。

56．D
57．C
58．D
59．C
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章由作者在公交车上看到一位老太太给一对母子让座，老太太对那位母亲说"I've been there.(我也经历过)"而引发了对这三个字的思考，并联想到自身小时候家中贫困的经历。作者认为个人的烦恼和需求大多是共同的经历，这三个字可以帮助安慰别人现在的痛苦，将人们联系在一起。
56．
词义猜测题。根据第二段“The bus was full, bumpy, and it soon got noisy as her kid began crying because he couldn’t sit next to his mother. There were a couple of open seats, but they weren’t together(巴士满了人，颠簸不平，很快就变得很吵，因为她的孩子哭了起来，因为他不能坐在妈妈旁边。有两个空位，但他们不在一起).”可知，她很心慌，显得很尴尬。第二段中划线词“flustered”意思最接近于upset (不安的)，故选D。
57．
细节理解题。根据第三段“The mom smiled as a thank-you. And then three words came out of the older woman’s mouth that elevated the entire energy of that bus ride: “I’ve been there”(母亲微笑着表示感谢。然后，老太太嘴里说出的三个字让整个旅程充满活力: 我经历过).”可知，这个老太太曾经和那位母亲有过类似的经历。故选C。
58．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice that someone’s uncomfortable—because we’re all in this together.( 这三个词的精髓能帮你改变现状吗?这可以是非常简单的事情:主动让座，分享一些有用的建议，甚至当你注意到有人感到不舒服时，你可以开个玩笑来缓和气氛，因为我们都共在一处。)”可知，一个人确实可以通过做一些简单的事情来改变那些需要帮助的人，故选D。
59．
目的意图题。根据最后一段“Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as ….—because we’re all in this together.( 这三个词的精髓能帮你改变现状吗?这可以是非常简单的事情:…，因为我们都共在一处。)”可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁读者及时帮助那些需要帮助的人，故选C。

60．B
61．A
62．C
【分析】
这是一篇广告。广告的内容是关于一款有助于抵消地心引力的鞋子，它能使有脚底筋膜炎或脚跟骨刺或背部疼痛等毛病的人的生活没有疼痛。
60．
细节理解题。根据文中的“Results of a double-blind study conducted by Olive View UCLA Medical Centre ”(一份由Olive View UCLA Medical Centre 医疗中心开展的双盲调研结果) 调研结果可知，它只提到knee（膝盖）、back（背部）、ankle（脚踝）和foot（脚）四处的疼痛有减轻，但是没提到脖子是否有减轻。故选B。
61．
细节理解题。根据文中提供的“Men’s size ”下面有三种颜色（gray, black, blue）选择，而“Women’s size”下面提供了四种颜色（gray,white, purple,salmon）供选择，可知女款的颜色比男款多。故选A。
62．
推理判断题。本篇广告的内容是关于一款有助于抵消地心引力的鞋子，它能使有脚底筋膜炎或脚跟骨刺或背部疼痛等毛病的人的生活没有疼痛。根据文中的促销广告句子“$30 off applies to orders of $100 or more for a limited time.”（ 限时满100减30） “Shoes must be returned within 30 days in like-new condition for full refund or exchange.”（30天内鞋子是新的状况下可全额退款或换货）可推知，这是一则卖鞋的广告。故选C。
【点睛】
图片广告类题目，要掌握略读技能，不能被文中的新词牵制住，会快速提取有效信息。本文图片中有较多的新词，但是当带着题目任务去阅读时，答案仍是相对易得的。

63．A
64．B
65．B
66．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在现代经济时代大学文凭仍然是找工作的先决条件，但是现有技术可能会过时，要不断获取新技能。
63．
细节理解题。根据第二段“This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment.（这一分析支持了一种观点，即技术已经对就业造成了打击。）”可知，我们可以从加拿大经济学家的论文中了解到就业受到了科技的冲击。故选A项。
64．
细节理解题。根据第三段“James Bessen, an economist at Boston University, finds that since 1980 employment has been growing faster in occupations that use computers than in those that do not. Partial automation can actually increase demand by reducing costs.（波士顿大学的经济学家James Bessen发现，自1980年以来，使用电脑的职业的就业增长速度比不使用电脑的职业要快。部分自动化实际上可以通过降低成本来增加需求。）”可知，渐进式自动化对公司有益。故选B项。
65．
推理判断题。根据第四段“In many occupations it has become essential to acquire new skills as established ones become out-of-date. Burning Glass Technologies, a Boston-based startup that analyses labor markets by obtaining data from online job advertisements, finds that the biggest demand is for new combinations of skills—what its boss, Matt Sigelman, calls “hybrid jobs”.（在许多职业中，由于现有技能已经过时，获得新技能已成为必要。波士顿的新兴公司Burning Glass Technologies通过获取网上招聘广告的数据来分析劳动力市场，发现市场对新技能组合的需求最大——该公司老板Matt Sigelman称之为“混合工作”。）”可知，以Burning Glass Technologies为例说明了在目前的就业市场上，获得新技能是必不可少的。故选B项。
66．
主旨大意题。根据文章内容在现代经济时代大学文凭仍然是找工作的先决条件，但是现有技术可能会过时，要不断获取新技能。可知，在现代经济时代首先要注意的是终身学习。A选项“终身学习:经济上的优先”最适合作文章标题。故选A项。

67．A
68．D
69．F
70．E
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在工作中完成工作，不分心的方法策略。
67．
上文“Some jobs have very clear lines between when you’re “on” and when you’re “off,” while in others the lines are vague — or potentially nonexistent.（有些工作在你“上班”和“下班”之间有非常明确的界限，而在其他工作中，界限很模糊——或者根本不存在。）”，描述现象，下文“As a time management coach, I’ve found these three steps can help.（作为一名时间管理教练，我发现这三个步骤很有帮助。）”提出解决方法，A项“That makes not being distracted by work a major challenge.（这使得不被工作分心成为一大挑战。）”承上启下，提出问题，符合逻辑。故选A项。
68．
前文“If you have a traditional 9-to-5 job, your hours are set for you.（如果你有一份朝九晚五的传统工作，你的工作时间是为你设定的。）”描述了传统设定工作时间的工作，后文提出该如何安排详细时间的问题，D项“But if you work flexible hours, you need to think through when you want to be on and off the clock.（但如果你的工作时间灵活，你就需要考虑清楚你希望什么时候上班，什么时候下班。）”与前文传统工作对应，为下文应对灵活工作时间进行计划安排做铺垫。故选D项。
69．
前文“This includes having a place where you write down the many tasks that you need to do, whether that’s in a notebook, a task management app, a project management system, or in your calendar.（这包括在一个地方写下你需要做的许多任务，可以是在笔记本上、任务管理应用程序上、项目管理系统上，也可以是在日历上。）”表明要计划任务，F项“The important point is that you’re not lying in bed at night trying to remember everything on your mental to-do list.（重要的一点是，你不必晚上躺在床上试图记住你脑子里要做的事情。）”描述了做计划的好处，符合逻辑，且F项“to-do list”与后文“this list”相对应。故选F项。
70．
前文“For many, they perceive “real work” as something they reserve for post-5 or 6 pm, after everyone else has left the office or after they’ve tucked their kids in bed for the night.（对很多人来说，他们认为“真正的工作”是下午5点或6点以后的事情，在大家都下班了，或者哄孩子上床睡觉之后。）”描述了人们习惯的工作时间，E项“People have this mindset because this time can seem like the few precious hours when they are not interrupted.（人们之所以会有这种心态，是因为这段时间似乎是几个没有被打扰的宝贵时间。）”中的“the few precious hours when they are not interrupted”与前文“after everyone else has left the office or after they’ve tucked their kids in bed for the night.”相对应。故选E项。
71．Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to people’s life, cars have caused many negative effects. First, by emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. Besides, energy-consuming cars are not sustainable to the society. Therefore, the government has taken various measures like restrictions. Last, public transport is a good remedy thanks to the high-tech. (58words)
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拥有汽车已不是财富和社会地位的象征，有车一族数量的增加带来了许多负面影响，威胁着我们的环境，浪费了更多的能源，并提出人们应该减少汽车的使用，通过政府采取措施，公共交通系统进步改变人们出行方式，技术进步降低乘坐公共交通成本等方法减少私家车的使用。
【详解】
1 要点摘录
①Tracking back to the past when only the rich were qualified to possess private cars, we couldn’t help marveling at the historic change such a convenient invention brought to people’s daily lives.
②Nevertheless, the increase in the number of car owners is spelling many negative effects.
③Every day, thousands of private cars are emitting tons of exhausted gas that seriously pollutes the air.
④In addition, more energy is being wasted because of the production of private cars.
⑤In fact, diversified measures are being taken by the government to limit the use of cars.
⑥In the meanwhile, advances in technology might help cut down the cost of travelling in public vehicles.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组；将3、4两个要点进行整合；将5、6两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to people’s life, cars have caused many negative effects.
By emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment.
Energy-consuming cars are not sustainable to the society.
the government has taken various measures like restrictions.
public transport is a good remedy thanks to the high-tech.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to people’s life, cars have caused many negative effects. 运用介词“Despite+名词”表示“即使”，对原文第一段进行了概括。表达高级。
[高分句型2]：By emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. 用介词短语作方式状语对第二段的大量使用私家车造成空气污染的消极影响进行了概括，表达非常高级。
72．It’s far from enough to broaden our horizons only by traveling.
【详解】
考查固定短语和动词短语。分析句子可知，句子的主语为“to broaden our horizons”，表示“拓宽我们的视野”，用“it”作形式主语；表示“远远不够的”应用“far from enough”；表示“仅靠旅游”应用“only by traveling”；再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：It’s far from enough to broaden our horizons only by traveling。
73．Many white-collar workers cannot start their work without having a cup of coffee.
【详解】
考查短语和非谓语动词。结合句意表示“白领”短语为white-collar workers，由many修饰作主语；表示“开始……”应用动词start，作谓语，cannot后跟动词原形，后文名词work作宾语；表示“喝咖啡”短语为have a cup of coffee，作介词without的宾语，应用动名词。故翻译为Many white-collar workers cannot start their work without having a cup of coffee.
74．What scientists want to figure out is whether constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress.
【详解】
考查what引导的主语从句和whether引导的表语从句。引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“想要弄清楚的事”，用“what”，引导表语从句表示“是否”时，应用“whether”，表示“弄清楚”应用“figure out”；表示“经常与动物接触”应用“constant exposure to animals ”；表示“帮助人们有效减轻压力”应用“ help people effectively reduce their stress.”，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：What scientists want to figure out is whether constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress。
75．Many students are aware that the main purpose of learning a language is not to take tests, but to equip oneself with the ability to know the world better.
【详解】
考查固定搭配。根据汉语提示可知，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；分析句子可知，表示“意识到”应用be aware that…，是固定句型；句子主语为“Many students”，表示“做……的主要目的”应用the main purpose of doing sth；表示“让自己拥有做……的能力”应用equip oneself with the ability to do sth；表示“不是......而是...... ”应用not...but...。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Many students are aware that the main purpose of learning a language is not to take tests, but to equip oneself with the ability to know the world better。
76．Fifty years ago, grandfathers worked in the land with oxen. Thirty years ago, my parents used small walking tractors in their fields. Today, farmers use large tractors and plant protection drones.
In fact, in recent years, China has promoted the modernization of agriculture through a series of measures such as the rural revitalization strategy. It is necessary to cultivate high-quality farmers' feelings and responsibilities for agriculture, strengthen the feelings of "three agriculture", and take the road of ecological, environmental protection and sustainable development.
Looking at the work of three generations, I am filled with emotion. The past two generations' glorious retirement will be recorded in the history, remembering the struggle and prosperity of Chinese farmers who persevered, innovated and pursued progress.
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于图画作文。根据题中所提供的三幅图片《三代农夫》（Three Generations of Farmers）完成写作。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：图画作文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1）简要描述三幅图片中的内容；
2）分析其背后所反映的现象及原因；
3) 对你的启示。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
Fifty years ago；In fact；promote the modernization of agriculture；a series of measures；responsibilities for agriculture;be filled with
第三步：连词成句
1. Thirty years ago, my parents used small walking tractors in their fields.
2. In fact, in recent years, China has promoted the modernization of agriculture through a series of measures such as the rural revitalization strategy.
3. Today, farmers use large tractors and plant protection drones.
4. Looking at the work of three generations, I am filled with emotion.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（仅供参考）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Today, farmers use large tractors and plant protection drones.（运用现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2] The past two generations' glorious retirement will be recorded in the history, remembering the struggle and prosperity of Chinese farmers who persevered, innovated and pursued progress.（运用关系代词who引导定语从句）