2021-2022学年上海市金山区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）

这是一份2021-2022学年上海市金山区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模），共43页。试卷主要包含了A.Wrried.，A.3，A.Nervus.，A.Keep calling.等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022学年上海市金山区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）
Ⅰ.Listening Comprehension Section ADirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．（1分）A.Guest and receptionist.
B.Patient and nurse.
C.Customer and shop assistant.
D.Passenger and air hostess.
2．（1分）A.Christmas gifts.
B.Lego products.
C.Christmas shopping.
D.The man's son.
3．（1分）A.Worried.
B.Confused.
C.Depressed.
D.Relieved.
4．（1分）A.3：35.
B.3：30.
C.3：25.
D.3：05.
5．（1分）A.Nervous.
B.Sensible.
C.Courageous.
D.Quick﹣minded.
6．（1分）A.Keep calling.
B.See a doctor.
C.Go to the office.
D.Try online booking.
7．（1分）A.Outside a bookstore.
B.In front of a library.
C.Outside a coffee bar.
D.In front of a clothing store.
8．（1分）A．Ask for something cheaper．
B．Buy the vase she really likes．
C．Protect herself from being hurt．
D．Bargain with the shop assistant．
9．（1分）A.The man should work on his papers.
B.The man should go to the birthday party.
C.The man should wait around the corner.
D.The man should tell no joke at this moment.
10．（1分）A.How to keep fit.
B.How to handle pressure.
C.What to play with.
D.What to take up as a hobby.
Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation， and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
11．（4.5分）（1）A.Engine trouble.
B.Poor weather.
C.Tall waterfalls.
D.A tight budget.
（2）A.A mechanic.
B.A photographer.
C.A travel writer.
D.A weather man.
（3）A.Amazing as well as tough.
B.Funny while incredible.
C.Disappointing but rewarding.
D.Fascinating and well﹣paid.
12．（4.5分）（1）A.Public needs.
B.Medical tests.
C.Modern lifestyles.
D.Personal goals.
（2）A.It is more accurate.
B.It is more flexible.
C.It is less enjoyable.
D.It is less effective.
（3）A.An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.
B.The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.
C.The new concept of fitness and its essential factors.
D.Some sports with significant training effect.
13．（6分）（1）A.Because she likes yoga very much.
B.Because she goes to work by bike.
C.Because she has got some fresh air.
D.Because she has been given a ride.
（2）A.Illegal parking.
B.Lack of financial support.
C.Accidents involving children.
D.Deliberate damage and theft.
（3）A.GPS equipment.
B.Customers' feedback.
C.Adequate supervision.
D.Children's curiosity.
（4）A.An introduction of bike sharing.
B.How to solve the problems of bike sharing.
C.The reason why bike sharing is so popular.
D.The advantages and problems of bike sharing.
Ⅱ.Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections： Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks， fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.
14．（10分）
How do you define success？
What do you think a successful person is？Someone who makes a lot of money？Someone who is remembered by future generations？Or someone who changes the world？A volunteer teacher and his students came to remind us of our more humble measures of success.Liang Jun sang the poem alongside a group of his students from the incredibly poor Wu Meng Mountain region in southwest China.The poem，by the famous poet Yuan Mei，（1）　 　（entitle） Moss（苔）.The message goes like this：（2）　 　it is tiny，seemingly insignificant and has worse conditions for growth，moss is able to grow and flourish just like the peony.
In the modern world，more and more individuals from rural areas（3）　 　（flood）into cities to find success.With this wave of urbanization，competition for jobs，love and just about everything else is fierce.Ordinary people（4）　 　（lack）connections，a desirable appearance or other desired qualities can often feel frustrated with their circumstances.The poem serves as a reminder for everyone （5）　 　we don't have to be the peony.
When we study human history，we come across names like Genghis Khan，Neil Armstrong and Mao Zedong.We credit these individuals with tremendous achievements，but we tend to forget the countless individuals （6）　 　helped them achieve greatness.Mongol leader Genghis Khan wouldn't have been able to conquer half of Europe and Asia （7）　 　his incredible army.Nor could Chairman Mao have possibly built the People's Republic of China by（8）　 　.So，is it truly necessary for our names （9）　 　（write）down in history books？Most people will likely forget about Liang Jun and his brief appearance on CCTV.However，everyone（10）　 　（inspire） will remember his message.They will take heart from his inspirational words，and open their own paths in life.The poem Moss may live longer in our memories and inspire many future generations to achieve their measures of success.
Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
15．（10分）
A.associated B.Additionally C.countless D.existence E.fundamental
F.highlight G.Meanwhile H.signal I.strengthened J.surprise K.uniquely
What Sociology Can Teach Us About Thanksgiving
Sociologists（社会学家）believe that the celebrations practiced within any given culture serve to restate that culture's most important values and beliefs.This theory dates back to founding sociologist Émile Durkheim and has been proved true by （1）　 　researchers over more than a century's time.According to sociologists，by examining a celebration，we can come to understand some（2）　 　things about the culture in which it is practiced.In this spirit，let's take a look at what Thanksgiving reveals about us.
It may not be much of a（n）（3）　 　that coming together to share a meal with loved ones indicates how important relationships with friends and family are in our culture，which is far from a（n） （4）　 　American thing.When we gather together to share in this holiday，we effectively say， "Your（5）　 　and our relationship is important to me，" and in doing so，that relationship is restated and（6）　 　.But there are some less obvious and more interesting things going on too.
In most households across the U.S.，women and girls do the work of preparing，serving，and cleaning up after the Thanksgiving meal.（7）　 　，most men and boys are likely to be watching and/or playing football.Of course，neither of these activities are exclusively gendered，but they are generally so.This means that Thanksgiving serves to （8）　 　the distinct roles we believe men and women should play in society，and even what it means to be a man or a woman in our society today.
One of the most interesting sociological research findings is that overeating（9）　 　 with Thanksgiving illustrates American materialism and abundance.Sociologists found that the celebrations and how we talk about these experiences（10）　 　that Thanksgiving is really about celebrating "material abundance" ﹣ having a lot of stuff，especially food，available for use.
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension Section ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
16．（15分）In recent weeks，a group of 15 wild elephants on a long，strange trip out of the jungles of far southwestern China have attracted millions of people across the country.Since the elephants left a wildlife reserve near China's border with Laos and Myanmar last year，they have（1）　 　 steadily northward and have been wandering the suburbs of Kunming，a city of 8.5 million residents.
Millions have（2）　 　 to watch the elephants' 300﹣mile journey on television and on internet live streams，or tracked their movements on social media.While（3）　 　with the creatures，some increasingly see the elephants and their journey as a lesson on the risks of nature and a rapidly urbanizing China crashing into one another，especially as development（4）　 　.
Videos of the（5）　 　elephants，wandering down empty streets，breaking into a car dealership and in the case of one mother elephant using her trunk to lift her baby out of danger，have gone（6）　 　.Along the way，the elephants have broken into villagers' homes，eaten their food，drank their water and destroyed their crops.All told，the group has now caused more than 400 separate incidents of damage，worth some ＄1.1 million.
（7）　 　，authorities have formed a government task force.They mobilized hundreds of people，and distributed drones with infrared（红外线的）capabilities to（8）　 　 them as they wander through China's Yunnan province.To keep the elephants away from more densely populated villages，authorities have blocked roads with trucks.Local authorities have been experimenting with snacks to（9）　 　 the elephants，laying out corn，bananas and pineapples.The（10）　 　 so far：The elephants like corn，while the pineapples have been largely ignored.The elephants have shown a continued interest in wooden buckets of alcohol.
Some specialists at the Chinese Academy of Sciences have assumed that a recent solar storm may have （11）　 　the creatures' inner compass（指南针）and triggered（引发）a（n）（12）　 　to head north.Some scientists have theorized that the elephants are on the move because their （13）　 　has shrunk while their population has grown.
In recent days，the （14）　 　obsession among the elephants' new fans has given way to （15）　 　 over the unintended consequences of China's prosperity and economic development. "We've made a lot of money，but all these human activities have also caused a lot of trouble for the elephants，" says Mr.Liao，the truck driver，who says he has been inspired to pay more attention to wild animals and their habitats.

（1）A.hunted
B.located
C.marched
D.invaded
（2）A.taken over
B.tuned in
C.got together
D.showed up
（3）A.fascinated
B.concerned
C.bored
D.frightened
（4）A.declines
B.booms
C.reverses
D.settles
（5）A.trembling
B.imposing
C.striking
D.parading
（6）A.global
B.wrong
C.viral
D.crazy
（7）A.In response
B.In addition
C.In turn
D.In theory
（8）A.capture
B.tend
C.surround
D.track
（9）A.trap
B.raise
C.steer
D.tame
（10）A.content
B.contrast
C.context
D.consequence
（11）A.abused
B.detected
C.awakened
D.liberated
（12）A.urge
B.possibility
C.memory
D.permission
（13）A.material
B.value
C.habitat
D.size
（14）A.consistent
B.initial
C.restricted
D.separated
（15）A.concern
B.control
C.quarrel
D.reflection
Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
17．（8分）Why do old people dislike new music？As I've grown older，I often hear people my age say they just don't make good music like they used to.Why does this happen？Luckily，psychology can give us some insights into this puzzle.Musical tastes begin to become clear as early as age 13 or 14.By the time we're in our early 20s，these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.
In fact，studies have found that by the time we turn 33，most of us have stopped listening to new music.Meanwhile，popular songs released when you're in your early teens are likely to remain quite popular among your age group for the rest of your life.
There could be a biological explanation for this，as there's evidence that the brain's ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords，rhythms，and melodies weakens with age.So to older people，newer，less familiar songs might all "sound the same."
But there are maybe some simpler reasons for older people's dislike to newer music.One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called the "mere exposure effect"，which in essence means that the more we're exposed to something，the more we tend to like it.
This happens with people we know，the advertisements we see and，the songs we listen to.When you're in your early teens，you probably spend a fair amount of time listening to music or watching music videos.Your favorite songs and artists become familiar，comforting parts of your routine.
For many people over 30，job and family obligations increase，so there's less time to spend discovering new music.Instead，many will simply listen to old，familiar favorites from that period of their lives when they had more free time.
Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later.And we also know that intense emotions are associated with stronger memories and preferences.Both of these might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved.
So there's nothing wrong with your parents because they don't like your music.Rather it's all part of the natural order of things.

（1）What have studies found about most people by the time they turn 33？ 　 　
A.They no longer listen to new music.
B.They find all music sounds the same.
C.They can make subtle distinctions about music.
D.They seldom listen to songs released in their teens.
（2）Which of the following situations agrees with the "mere exposure effect"？ 　 　
A.Tom likes the book，so he reads it more times.
B.Andy recites the words repeatedly and he is fed up with them.
C.Mike often listens to the same song and becomes more and more interested in it.
D.Peter goes to school by bike every day，and therefore his riding skills are better and better.
（3）What conclusion can we draw according to the psychology research？ 　 　
A.Teenagers are much more sensitive.
B.Teenagers are much more emotional.
C.Teenagers' preferences are more lasting.
D.Teenagers' emotions are more intense.
（4）What is mainly discussed in this passage？ 　 　
A.Quality issues of new music.
B.Older people's dislike of new music.
C.Older people's changing musical tastes.
D.Insights into the features of good music.
18．（6分）Whether you're looking to learn more about sustainability or imagine yourself as a media big man at the head of a world﹣famous magazine，here are several books worth popping on your Good Reads list.
The Conscious Closet
by Elizabeth L.Cline

As the pressure to save the planet increases，it's important to turn the conversation to our closet（衣帽间）.Stockpiling endless printed books on sustainability seems somewhat unwise，but The Conscious Closet is easily the best of the lot.It exposes the true cost of fast fashion and encourages the reader to think twice about unwise purchasing，drawing deeply on Cline's own experiences.
How To Dress：Secret Styling Tips From A Fashion Insider
by Alexandra Fullerton

Former fashion editor at Stylist magazine，Alexandra Fullerton certainly knows something about getting dressed.
Illustrated beautifully，this book allows you to dip easily in and out of her easy﹣to﹣follow advice，helping you carve out a signature style，shop more effectively and even wash and store your clothes to maximize their full potential.
The New Fashion Rules
by Victoria Magrath

One of the UK's most successful fashion bloggers，Victoria McGrath has used her platform to demonstrate the growing value of influencer culture on fashion and new media.
Her friendly，accessible tone is backed up with some serious knowledge ﹣her PhD in fashion marketing allows her to explore how far fashion has come in recent decades，discussing many things including virtual reality shopping while offering up a brief tour of fashion's 21st century history.
Advanced Love
by Ari Seth Cohen

The photographic blog series that made stars of Iris Apfel and Linda Rodin，the Advanced Style brand has grown over the past decade，demonstrating that real beauty is truly ageless.
His third and most recent book， Advanced Love sees Ari Seth Cohen picturing couples from all walks of life，making a statement about our dismissal of romance within the over﹣40 age set.
The perfect festive gift for your special other﹣half，or a treat﹣to﹣self as a constant reminder that love never goes out of style.
（1）Which is the most suitable book for a new graduate ignorant of fashion？ 　 　
A.Advanced Love
B.The Conscious Closet
C.The New Fashion Rules
D.How To Dress：Secret Styling Tips From A Fashion Inside
（2）From 　 　's book，we can know something about the development of fashion.
A.Elizabeth L.Cline
B.Alexandra Fullerton
C.Victoria Magrath
D.Ari Seth Cohen
（3）What do the books have in common？ 　 　
A.They are targeted on young ladies.
B.The authors advise us against unreasonable purchasing.
C.They are all good books about secrets of the fashion world.
D.The writers are all bloggers giving practical advice on how to get well dressed.
19．（8分）Is that "empathy"（移情）or "sympathy" you're showing？While the two words are often incorrectly used interchangeably，the difference in their emotional impact is important.
Empathy，literally "walk a mile in others' shoes"，goes beyond sympathy，a simple expression of concern for another person's misfortune.Empathy requires the ability to recognize the suffering of another person from their point of view and to openly share their emotions，including painful distress.Since it requires shared experiences，people can generally feel empathy only for other people，not for animals.While people may be able to sympathize with a horse，for example，they cannot truly empathize with it.
Sympathy is a feeling and expression of concern for someone，often accompanied by a wish for them to be happier or better off. "Oh dear，I hope the new plan can really work." In general，sympathy implies a deeper，more personal，level of concern than pity，a simple expression of sorrow.However，unlike empathy，sympathy does not imply that one's feelings for another are based on shared experiences or emotions.
Psychologists say that empathy is essential in forming relationships and acting toward others.Since it involves experiencing another person's point of view﹣ stepping outside one's self ﹣ empathy enables genuinely helping behaviors that come easily and naturally，rather than having to be forced.
Empathetic people work effectively in groups，make more lasting friendships，and are more likely to step in when they see others being mistreated.It is believed that people begin to show empathy in infancy and develop the quality through childhood and adolescence.Despite their level of concern for others，however，most people tend to feel deeper empathy for people similar to themselves compared to people outside their family，community，race，or cultural background.
However，taken to extremes，deep or extended feelings of empathy can actually be harmful to one's emotional health.Empathy can make people angry ﹣ perhaps dangerously so ﹣ if they mistakenly perceive that another person is threatening a person they care for.
For years，psychologists have reported cases of too empathetic patients endangering the well﹣being of themselves and their families by giving away their life savings to random needy individuals.Such too empathetic people who feel they are somehow responsible for the distress of others have developed an empathy﹣based guilt.

（1）What does the phrase "walk a mile in others' shoes" in Paragraph 2 mean？ 　 　
A.Put oneself in others' situation.
B.Walk a long distance in others' shoes.
C.Accompany others in the long jogging.
D.Walk with others to share their experiences.
（2）How do you understand the level of concern according to Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.Pity ＝ sympathy.
B.Sympathy ＝ empathy.
C.Pity ＜ sympathy.
D.Sympathy ＞ empathy.
（3）Which of the following statements about empathy is true？ 　 　
A.Empathy is a feeling that exists between human beings and animals.
B.Empathy is essential to form relationship，so the deeper，the better.
C.Empathy is to just express sadness to other without shared experiences.
D.People are more likely to show empathy to those who have something in common.
（4）What is the best title of the passage？ 　 　
A.Empathy，Good or Bad？
B.Two Important Human Feelings.
C.Empathy vs.Sympathy.
D.Empathy，A Must in Relationship.
Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
20．（8分）
A.The same is true for foreign language.
B.However，there are sound reasons for the concern.
C.Foreign language learning should be given top priority to.
D.Exercise matters deeply for cognitive development for kids.
E.There is no doubt that instrumental training should be on the to﹣do list.
F.Perhaps，but they all owe current success，in part，to the training in that aspect.
Are extra curriculums really extra？
Former Harvard President Drew Faust recently wrote of students overlooking the benefit of following their interest in art or linguistics.The trend towards employable subjects like math and science is reflected in decisions of college students as well as primary and secondary schools. （1）　 　.Great work of cognitive neuroscientists（认知神经学家）reveals what we think of as "extras" are central to strengthening our minds.
Take music as an example.A study shows that musical training，particularly instrumental training，produces long lasting changes in motor abilities and brain structure.The earlier a child starts instrumental training，the stronger the connection between the right and left hemispheres（半球）of the brain.These changes thus affect the ability to listen and communicate as an adult.What is found in musicians is also common among world﹣class athletes and top﹣level managers.Is it a coincidence that Roger Federer，Elon Musk and Steve Job，all studied music for years as children？
（2）　 　.Science backs that up.Children who play an instrument 30 minutes a week over the course of a little over a year have more highly developed brains.
（3）　 　.Studying a second language restructures the brain which lasts into adulthood.The cortex（大脑皮层），which has the greatest changes when a second language is learned during childhood，influences thought and consciousness.
How about physical education？New research also reveals children who get aerobic exercise transform their brains due to a protein that is increased during exercise.（4）　 　.Yet 20 percent of U.S.schools put an end to it in favor of increased classroom time.
Concentration，evolved communication skills，and being a good team player are just a few of the benefits research shows extra curriculums have on a developing mind.To me，that list reads as one I might put together for a model employee.
Ⅳ.Summary Writing
21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible.
TCM Breaks New Ground
Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM），along with Chinese Kungfu and Peking Opera，is one of China's cultural symbols recognized worldwide.It is precious treasure of Chinese civilization，and it has also made great contributions to world civilization by improving people's health and promoting social progress.
There used to be a debate in China about whether TCM or Western medicine was better，and arguments can still be heard today.But actually，TCM and Western medicine are two different medical theoretical systems that cannot replace each other.In some aspects such as surgery，Western medicine is better than TCM，but in other areas，such as recovery after surgery and treatment of chronic（慢性的）diseases，TCM is more effective.This is why some Chinese hospitals provide both TCM and Western medicine treatments.A combination of both has been accepted by many Chinese people as the most effective treatment.
Today，promoting and innovating TCM has become a shared opinion in Chinese society.The Chinese government has made policies to support the development and innovation of TCM，with a view to establishing a Chinese healthcare development model paying equal attention to both.
The supportive policies of the Chinese Government will focus on three aspects.The first is the strengthening of TCM services in medical institutions.The second is to apply Internet technology to TCM management，including setting up a database containing TCM electronic medical records and prescriptions（处方）.The third is to give better play to the advantages of TCM，such as acupuncture（针灸）.The function of TCM in disease prevention and recovery will also be enhanced.
As long as TCM keeps its core strengths and respects the rules of development and innovation，it will surely be able to maintain its vitality and bring more benefits to people in China and the world.
Ⅴ.TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.
22．（3分）我们有必要测量进入小区的每位来访者的体温。（It） 　 　
23．（3分）简而言之，阅读鼓励读者不仅仅只是读印刷出来的文本。（encourage） 　 　
24．（4分）坐落于金山区的上海乐高乐园 （Shanghai Legoland），已于 11 月 17 日动工，它将以 8 个主题片区和 1 座主题酒店为特色。（feature） 　 　
25．（5分）在交友时最好要牢记：第一印象未必总是可靠的，所以不要以貌取人。（keep...in mind） 　 　
Ⅵ.Guided Writing
26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120 ﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李明，班主任要求你在下周的班会课上做一个主题交流分享。内容需包括：
1）你是如何理解下面这句话的？"种一棵树最好的时间是十年前，其次是现在。" （The best time to plant a tree was ten years ago.The second best time is now.）
2）请结合自己的例子阐释你对这句话的理解。

2021-2022学年上海市金山区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）
参考答案与试题解析
Ⅰ.Listening Comprehension Section ADirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．（1分）A.Guest and receptionist.
B.Patient and nurse.
C.Customer and shop assistant.
D.Passenger and air hostess.
【分析】略
【解答】D
【点评】略
2．（1分）A.Christmas gifts.
B.Lego products.
C.Christmas shopping.
D.The man's son.
【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
3．（1分）A.Worried.
B.Confused.
C.Depressed.
D.Relieved.
【分析】略
【解答】D
【点评】略
4．（1分）A.3：35.
B.3：30.
C.3：25.
D.3：05.
【分析】略
【解答】C
【点评】略
5．（1分）A.Nervous.
B.Sensible.
C.Courageous.
D.Quick﹣minded.
【分析】略
【解答】C
【点评】略
6．（1分）A.Keep calling.
B.See a doctor.
C.Go to the office.
D.Try online booking.
【分析】略
【解答】D
【点评】略
7．（1分）A.Outside a bookstore.
B.In front of a library.
C.Outside a coffee bar.
D.In front of a clothing store.
【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
8．（1分）A．Ask for something cheaper．
B．Buy the vase she really likes．
C．Protect herself from being hurt．
D．Bargain with the shop assistant．
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
9．（1分）A.The man should work on his papers.
B.The man should go to the birthday party.
C.The man should wait around the corner.
D.The man should tell no joke at this moment.
【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
10．（1分）A.How to keep fit.
B.How to handle pressure.
C.What to play with.
D.What to take up as a hobby.
【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation， and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
11．（4.5分）（1）A.Engine trouble.
B.Poor weather.
C.Tall waterfalls.
D.A tight budget.
（2）A.A mechanic.
B.A photographer.
C.A travel writer.
D.A weather man.
（3）A.Amazing as well as tough.
B.Funny while incredible.
C.Disappointing but rewarding.
D.Fascinating and well﹣paid.
【分析】略
【解答】11﹣13 ACA
【点评】略
12．（4.5分）（1）A.Public needs.
B.Medical tests.
C.Modern lifestyles.
D.Personal goals.
（2）A.It is more accurate.
B.It is more flexible.
C.It is less enjoyable.
D.It is less effective.
（3）A.An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.
B.The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.
C.The new concept of fitness and its essential factors.
D.Some sports with significant training effect.
【分析】略
【解答】14﹣16 DBC
【点评】略
13．（6分）（1）A.Because she likes yoga very much.
B.Because she goes to work by bike.
C.Because she has got some fresh air.
D.Because she has been given a ride.
（2）A.Illegal parking.
B.Lack of financial support.
C.Accidents involving children.
D.Deliberate damage and theft.
（3）A.GPS equipment.
B.Customers' feedback.
C.Adequate supervision.
D.Children's curiosity.
（4）A.An introduction of bike sharing.
B.How to solve the problems of bike sharing.
C.The reason why bike sharing is so popular.
D.The advantages and problems of bike sharing.
【分析】略
【解答】17﹣20 BBCD
【点评】略
Ⅱ.Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections： Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks， fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.
14．（10分）
How do you define success？
What do you think a successful person is？Someone who makes a lot of money？Someone who is remembered by future generations？Or someone who changes the world？A volunteer teacher and his students came to remind us of our more humble measures of success.Liang Jun sang the poem alongside a group of his students from the incredibly poor Wu Meng Mountain region in southwest China.The poem，by the famous poet Yuan Mei，（1）　is entitled　（entitle） Moss（苔）.The message goes like this：（2）　though/although/while　it is tiny，seemingly insignificant and has worse conditions for growth，moss is able to grow and flourish just like the peony.
In the modern world，more and more individuals from rural areas（3）　are flooding/have been flooding　（flood）into cities to find success.With this wave of urbanization，competition for jobs，love and just about everything else is fierce.Ordinary people（4）　lacking　（lack）connections，a desirable appearance or other desired qualities can often feel frustrated with their circumstances.The poem serves as a reminder for everyone （5）　that　we don't have to be the peony.
When we study human history，we come across names like Genghis Khan，Neil Armstrong and Mao Zedong.We credit these individuals with tremendous achievements，but we tend to forget the countless individuals （6）　who/that　helped them achieve greatness.Mongol leader Genghis Khan wouldn't have been able to conquer half of Europe and Asia （7）　without　his incredible army.Nor could Chairman Mao have possibly built the People's Republic of China by（8）　himself　.So，is it truly necessary for our names （9）　to be written　（write）down in history books？Most people will likely forget about Liang Jun and his brief appearance on CCTV.However，everyone（10）　inspired　（inspire） will remember his message.They will take heart from his inspirational words，and open their own paths in life.The poem Moss may live longer in our memories and inspire many future generations to achieve their measures of success.
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是你如何定义成功。
【解答】（1）is entitled.考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：这首诗由著名诗人袁枚所作，题名为《青苔》。该句在描述一个客观事实，且句子主语和谓语动词entitle之间是被动关系，是一般过去时的被动语态。故填is entitled。
（2）though/although/while.考查让步状语从句。句意：苔藓虽小，看似不起眼，生长条件也较差，却能像牡丹一样茁壮成长。此处是从属连词though/although/while引导的让步状语从句。故填though/although/while。
（3）are flooding/have been flooding.考查现在进行时或现在完成进行时。句意：在现代世界，越来越多的人从农村涌入城市寻求成功。此处表示目前正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时；此处也可表示从过去开始的动作一直持续到现在或继续持续下去的动作，所以用现在完成进行时。故填are flooding/have been flooding
（4）lacking.考查现在分词的独立主格结构。句意：普通人缺乏人际关系，缺乏令人满意的外表或其他令人满意的品质，往往会对他们的处境感到沮丧。a desirable appearance or other desired qualities是句子主语，动词lack的主语是Ordinary people，且之间是主动关系，是现在分词的独立主格结构。故填lacking。
（5）that.考查同位语从句。句意：这首诗提醒每个人，我们不必成为牡丹。名词reminder后面的we don't have to be the peony是其具体内容，是同位语从句，由that引导。故填that。
（6）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：我们认为这些人取得了巨大的成就，但我们往往忘记了无数帮助他们取得伟大成就的人。此处individuals是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，由关系代词that或who引导。故填who/that。
（7）without.考查介词。句意：蒙古领袖成吉思汗如果没有他强大的军队就无法征服半个欧洲和亚洲。此处用双否定表示肯定，意思是"没有强大的军队"。故填without。
（8）himself.考查反身代词。句意：毛主席一个人也不可能建立起中华人民共和国。固定短语：by oneself"靠自己"。故填himself。
（9）to be written.考查不定式的被动式作主语。句意：那么，我们的名字真的有必要被载入史册吗？此处it是形式主语，名词names和动词write之间是被动关系，是不定式的被动式作真正的主语。故填 to be written。
（10）inspired.考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：然而，每个受到鼓舞的人都会记住他的信息。句子主语everyone和inspire之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填inspired。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
15．（10分）
A.associated B.Additionally C.countless D.existence E.fundamental
F.highlight G.Meanwhile H.signal I.strengthened J.surprise K.uniquely
What Sociology Can Teach Us About Thanksgiving
Sociologists（社会学家）believe that the celebrations practiced within any given culture serve to restate that culture's most important values and beliefs.This theory dates back to founding sociologist Émile Durkheim and has been proved true by （1）　C　researchers over more than a century's time.According to sociologists，by examining a celebration，we can come to understand some（2）　E　things about the culture in which it is practiced.In this spirit，let's take a look at what Thanksgiving reveals about us.
It may not be much of a（n）（3）　J　that coming together to share a meal with loved ones indicates how important relationships with friends and family are in our culture，which is far from a（n） （4）　K　American thing.When we gather together to share in this holiday，we effectively say， "Your（5）　D　and our relationship is important to me，" and in doing so，that relationship is restated and（6）　I　.But there are some less obvious and more interesting things going on too.
In most households across the U.S.，women and girls do the work of preparing，serving，and cleaning up after the Thanksgiving meal.（7）　G　，most men and boys are likely to be watching and/or playing football.Of course，neither of these activities are exclusively gendered，but they are generally so.This means that Thanksgiving serves to （8）　F　the distinct roles we believe men and women should play in society，and even what it means to be a man or a woman in our society today.
One of the most interesting sociological research findings is that overeating（9）　A　 with Thanksgiving illustrates American materialism and abundance.Sociologists found that the celebrations and how we talk about these experiences（10）　H　that Thanksgiving is really about celebrating "material abundance" ﹣ having a lot of stuff，especially food，available for use.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。社会学家认为，任何特定文化中的庆祝活动都是为了重申该文化最重要的价值观和信仰。作者本着这种精神，展示了感恩节给我们带来了什么。
【解答】（1）C.考查形容词。句意：这个理论可以追溯到社会学家Émile Durkheim，并在一个多世纪的时间里被无数的研究人员证明是正确的。名词researchers前用形容词修饰。形容词countless为"无数的"之意。故选C。
（2）E.考查形容词。句意：根据社会学家的说法，通过对庆祝活动的研究，我们可以逐渐了解这种庆祝活动所处文化的一些基本情况。名词things前用形容词修饰。形容词fundamental为"基本的"之意。故选E。
（3）J.考查名词。句意：与所爱的人聚在一起共进一顿饭，这表明与朋友和家人的关系在我们的文化中是多么重要，这可能不是什么令人惊讶的事情，这远远不是美国独有的事情。不定冠词a后接名词的单数形式。名词surprise为"惊讶的事"之意。故选J。
（4）K.考查副词。句意：与所爱的人聚在一起共进一顿饭，这表明与朋友和家人的关系在我们的文化中是多么重要，这可能不是什么令人惊讶的事情，这远远不是美国独有的事情。修饰形容词American，前用副词形式。副词uniquely为"独特地"之意。故选K。
（5）D.考查名词。句意：你的存在和我们的关系对我很重要。形容词性物主代词your后接名词形式。名词existence为"存在"之意。故选D。
（6）I.考查动词。句意：这样做，这种关系被重申和加强。relationship与动词strengthen之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。动词strengthen为"加强"之意。故选I。
（7）G.考查副词。句意：与此同时，大多数男人和男孩可能在观看和/或踢足球。修饰整个句子，用副词形式。副词Meanwhile为"与此同时"之意。故选G。
（8）F.考查动词。句意：这意味着感恩节强调了我们认为男人和女人应该在社会中扮演的不同角色，甚至是在我们今天的社会中，作为一个男人或一个女人意味着什么。不定式to后接动词原形。动词highlight为"加强"之意。故选F。
（9）A.考查过去分词。句意：最有趣的社会学研究结果之一是，与感恩节有关的暴饮暴食说明了美国人的物质主义和富足。be associated with与……相联系，修饰名词overeating，所以用过去分词形式作后置定语。故选A。
（10）H.考查动词。句意：社会学家发现，庆祝活动以及我们谈论这些经历的方式表明，感恩节实际上是在庆祝"物质丰富"——拥有大量可用的东西，尤其是食物。根据句中时态可知用一般现在时。动词signal为"表示，表明"之意。故选H。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如主谓一致，动词的时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension Section ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
16．（15分）In recent weeks，a group of 15 wild elephants on a long，strange trip out of the jungles of far southwestern China have attracted millions of people across the country.Since the elephants left a wildlife reserve near China's border with Laos and Myanmar last year，they have（1）　C　 steadily northward and have been wandering the suburbs of Kunming，a city of 8.5 million residents.
Millions have（2）　B　 to watch the elephants' 300﹣mile journey on television and on internet live streams，or tracked their movements on social media.While（3）　A　with the creatures，some increasingly see the elephants and their journey as a lesson on the risks of nature and a rapidly urbanizing China crashing into one another，especially as development（4）　B　.
Videos of the（5）　D　elephants，wandering down empty streets，breaking into a car dealership and in the case of one mother elephant using her trunk to lift her baby out of danger，have gone（6）　C　.Along the way，the elephants have broken into villagers' homes，eaten their food，drank their water and destroyed their crops.All told，the group has now caused more than 400 separate incidents of damage，worth some ＄1.1 million.
（7）　A　，authorities have formed a government task force.They mobilized hundreds of people，and distributed drones with infrared（红外线的）capabilities to（8）　D　 them as they wander through China's Yunnan province.To keep the elephants away from more densely populated villages，authorities have blocked roads with trucks.Local authorities have been experimenting with snacks to（9）　C　 the elephants，laying out corn，bananas and pineapples.The（10）　D　 so far：The elephants like corn，while the pineapples have been largely ignored.The elephants have shown a continued interest in wooden buckets of alcohol.
Some specialists at the Chinese Academy of Sciences have assumed that a recent solar storm may have （11）　C　the creatures' inner compass（指南针）and triggered（引发）a（n）（12）　A　to head north.Some scientists have theorized that the elephants are on the move because their （13）　C　has shrunk while their population has grown.
In recent days，the （14）　B　obsession among the elephants' new fans has given way to （15）　D　 over the unintended consequences of China's prosperity and economic development. "We've made a lot of money，but all these human activities have also caused a lot of trouble for the elephants，" says Mr.Liao，the truck driver，who says he has been inspired to pay more attention to wild animals and their habitats.

（1）A.hunted
B.located
C.marched
D.invaded
（2）A.taken over
B.tuned in
C.got together
D.showed up
（3）A.fascinated
B.concerned
C.bored
D.frightened
（4）A.declines
B.booms
C.reverses
D.settles
（5）A.trembling
B.imposing
C.striking
D.parading
（6）A.global
B.wrong
C.viral
D.crazy
（7）A.In response
B.In addition
C.In turn
D.In theory
（8）A.capture
B.tend
C.surround
D.track
（9）A.trap
B.raise
C.steer
D.tame
（10）A.content
B.contrast
C.context
D.consequence
（11）A.abused
B.detected
C.awakened
D.liberated
（12）A.urge
B.possibility
C.memory
D.permission
（13）A.material
B.value
C.habitat
D.size
（14）A.consistent
B.initial
C.restricted
D.separated
（15）A.concern
B.control
C.quarrel
D.reflection
【分析】文章讲述了云南省郊区出现大象群活动，引发网友关注和反思。
【解答】（1）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.hunted猎杀；B.located位于；C.marched行进，游行；D.invaded入侵。自去年大象离开中国与老挝和缅甸边境附近的野生动物保护区以来，它们一直在稳步向北行进，并在拥有850万居民的昆明郊区游荡。根据上文In recent weeks，a group of 15 wild elephants on a long，strange trip out of the jungles of far southwestern China have attracted millions of people across the country可知是向北行进。故选C。
（2）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.taken over接管；B.tuned in收看，收听；C.got together聚在一起；D.showed up出现。数百万人通过电视和互联网直播观看大象300英里的旅程，或者通过社交媒体追踪它们的活动。根据下文on television and on internet live streams可知是收看。故选B。
（3）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.fascinated着迷的；B.concerned有关的；C.bored无聊的；D.frightened害怕的。在对大象着迷的同时，越来越多的人将大象及其旅程视为自然和快速城市化的中国相互碰撞风险的教训，尤其是在发展繁荣的时候。根据下文 In recent days，the （14）obsession among the elephants' new fans 可知是着迷的。故选A。
（4）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.declines下降，谢绝；B.booms繁荣；C.reverses反面；D.settles定居，解决。在对大象着迷的同时，越来越多的人将大象及其旅程视为自然和快速城市化的中国相互碰撞风险的教训，尤其是在发展繁荣的时候。根据下文We've made a lot of money可知是繁荣。故选B。
（5）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.trembling颤抖的；B.imposing气势恢宏的；C.striking引人注目的；D.parading游行的。游行的大象、在空旷的街道上闲逛、闯入汽车经销店以及一头母象用鼻子将小象抬出危险的视频已经走红。故选D。
（6）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.global全球的；B.wrong不对的；C.viral病毒性的；D.crazy疯狂的。游行的大象、在空旷的街道上闲逛、闯入汽车经销店以及一头母象用鼻子将小象抬出危险的视频已经走红。go viral：走红。故选C。
（7）A.考查固定搭配及语境理解。A.In response作为回应；B.In addition此外；C.In turn依次；D.In theory理论上。作为回应，当局成立了一个政府工作队。根据下文authorities have formed a government task force可知是作为回应。故选A。
（8）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.capture捕获；B.tend照料；C.surround环绕；D.track追踪。他们动员了数百人，并派出具有红外功能的无人驾驶飞机在他们漫游中国云南省时对他们进行跟踪。故选D。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.trap陷入；B.raise提高；C.steer转向；D.tame驯服。当地政府一直在尝试用零食来引导大象，并摆放玉米、香蕉和菠萝。根据下文laying out corn，bananas and pineapples可知是引导。故选C。
（10）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.content内容；B.contrast对比；C.context背景；D.consequence后果。到目前为止，结果是：大象喜欢玉米，而菠萝在很大程度上被忽视了。故选D。
（11）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.abused虐待；B.detected检测；C.awakened唤醒，觉醒；D.liberated解放。中国科学院的一些专家认为，最近的一场太阳风暴可能唤醒了这些生物的内心指南针，并触发了向北移动的冲动。根据下文triggered（引发）a（n）（12）to head north.可知是唤醒。故选C。
（12）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.urge冲动，催促；B.possibility可能性；C.memory记忆；D.permission许可。中国科学院的一些专家认为，最近的一场太阳风暴可能唤醒了这些生物的内心指南针，并触发了向北移动的冲动。故选A。
（13）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.material材料；B.value价值；C.habitat栖息地；D.size大小，尺寸。一些科学家从理论上推断，大象之所以迁移，是因为它们的栖息地缩小了，而数量却增加了。根据下文 pay more attention to wild animals and their habitats可知是栖息地。故选C。
（14）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.consistent一致的；B.initial最初的，最开始的；C.restricted限制的；D.separated分离的。近几天来，大象新粉丝们最初的痴迷已经让位于对中国繁荣和经济发展意外后果的反思。故选B。
（15）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.concern关心；B.control控制；C.quarrel争吵；D.reflection反思。近几天来，大象新粉丝们最初的痴迷已经让位于对中国繁荣和经济发展意外后果的反思。根据下文the unintended consequences of China's prosperity and economic development可知是反思。故选D。
【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
17．（8分）Why do old people dislike new music？As I've grown older，I often hear people my age say they just don't make good music like they used to.Why does this happen？Luckily，psychology can give us some insights into this puzzle.Musical tastes begin to become clear as early as age 13 or 14.By the time we're in our early 20s，these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.
In fact，studies have found that by the time we turn 33，most of us have stopped listening to new music.Meanwhile，popular songs released when you're in your early teens are likely to remain quite popular among your age group for the rest of your life.
There could be a biological explanation for this，as there's evidence that the brain's ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords，rhythms，and melodies weakens with age.So to older people，newer，less familiar songs might all "sound the same."
But there are maybe some simpler reasons for older people's dislike to newer music.One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called the "mere exposure effect"，which in essence means that the more we're exposed to something，the more we tend to like it.
This happens with people we know，the advertisements we see and，the songs we listen to.When you're in your early teens，you probably spend a fair amount of time listening to music or watching music videos.Your favorite songs and artists become familiar，comforting parts of your routine.
For many people over 30，job and family obligations increase，so there's less time to spend discovering new music.Instead，many will simply listen to old，familiar favorites from that period of their lives when they had more free time.
Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later.And we also know that intense emotions are associated with stronger memories and preferences.Both of these might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved.
So there's nothing wrong with your parents because they don't like your music.Rather it's all part of the natural order of things.

（1）What have studies found about most people by the time they turn 33？ 　A　
A.They no longer listen to new music.
B.They find all music sounds the same.
C.They can make subtle distinctions about music.
D.They seldom listen to songs released in their teens.
（2）Which of the following situations agrees with the "mere exposure effect"？ 　C　
A.Tom likes the book，so he reads it more times.
B.Andy recites the words repeatedly and he is fed up with them.
C.Mike often listens to the same song and becomes more and more interested in it.
D.Peter goes to school by bike every day，and therefore his riding skills are better and better.
（3）What conclusion can we draw according to the psychology research？ 　D　
A.Teenagers are much more sensitive.
B.Teenagers are much more emotional.
C.Teenagers' preferences are more lasting.
D.Teenagers' emotions are more intense.
（4）What is mainly discussed in this passage？ 　B　
A.Quality issues of new music.
B.Older people's dislike of new music.
C.Older people's changing musical tastes.
D.Insights into the features of good music.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是年纪大的人不喜欢新音乐及其原因。
【解答】（1）A．细节理解题。根据文章第二段"In fact，studies have found that by the time we turn 33，most of us have stopped listening to new music. "（事实上，研究发现，大多数人到了33岁的时候，就不再听新歌了。）可知大多数人到33岁不再听新音乐。故选A。
（2）C．推理判断题。根据文章第四段"One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called the "mere exposure effect"，which in essence means that the more we're exposed to something，the more we tend to like it."（社会心理学中研究得最多的一个定律就是所谓的"单纯暴露效应"，也就是说，我们接触到的东西越多，我们就越喜欢它。）可知C项：Mike often listens to the same song and becomes more and more interested in it.（迈克经常听同一首歌，越来越感兴趣。）可知Mike接触到的同一首歌越多，就感兴趣，和单纯暴露效应相一致。故选C。
（3）D．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段"Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later."（心理学研究表明，我们在青少年时期经历的情绪似乎比以后的情绪更强烈。）可知根据心理学研究，青少年的情绪更加强烈。故选D。
（4）B．主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段"Why do old people dislike new music？ "（为什么老年人不喜欢新音乐？）后文解释原因；最后一段"So there's nothing wrong with your parents because they don't like your music.Rather it's all part of the natural order of things."（因为父母不喜欢你的音乐，所以没有什么问题。相反，这是自然规律的一部分。）可知文章主要讲的是年纪大的人不喜欢新音乐。故选B。
【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
18．（6分）Whether you're looking to learn more about sustainability or imagine yourself as a media big man at the head of a world﹣famous magazine，here are several books worth popping on your Good Reads list.
The Conscious Closet
by Elizabeth L.Cline

As the pressure to save the planet increases，it's important to turn the conversation to our closet（衣帽间）.Stockpiling endless printed books on sustainability seems somewhat unwise，but The Conscious Closet is easily the best of the lot.It exposes the true cost of fast fashion and encourages the reader to think twice about unwise purchasing，drawing deeply on Cline's own experiences.
How To Dress：Secret Styling Tips From A Fashion Insider
by Alexandra Fullerton

Former fashion editor at Stylist magazine，Alexandra Fullerton certainly knows something about getting dressed.
Illustrated beautifully，this book allows you to dip easily in and out of her easy﹣to﹣follow advice，helping you carve out a signature style，shop more effectively and even wash and store your clothes to maximize their full potential.
The New Fashion Rules
by Victoria Magrath

One of the UK's most successful fashion bloggers，Victoria McGrath has used her platform to demonstrate the growing value of influencer culture on fashion and new media.
Her friendly，accessible tone is backed up with some serious knowledge ﹣her PhD in fashion marketing allows her to explore how far fashion has come in recent decades，discussing many things including virtual reality shopping while offering up a brief tour of fashion's 21st century history.
Advanced Love
by Ari Seth Cohen

The photographic blog series that made stars of Iris Apfel and Linda Rodin，the Advanced Style brand has grown over the past decade，demonstrating that real beauty is truly ageless.
His third and most recent book， Advanced Love sees Ari Seth Cohen picturing couples from all walks of life，making a statement about our dismissal of romance within the over﹣40 age set.
The perfect festive gift for your special other﹣half，or a treat﹣to﹣self as a constant reminder that love never goes out of style.
（1）Which is the most suitable book for a new graduate ignorant of fashion？ 　D　
A.Advanced Love
B.The Conscious Closet
C.The New Fashion Rules
D.How To Dress：Secret Styling Tips From A Fashion Inside
（2）From 　C　's book，we can know something about the development of fashion.
A.Elizabeth L.Cline
B.Alexandra Fullerton
C.Victoria Magrath
D.Ari Seth Cohen
（3）What do the books have in common？ 　C　
A.They are targeted on young ladies.
B.The authors advise us against unreasonable purchasing.
C.They are all good books about secrets of the fashion world.
D.The writers are all bloggers giving practical advice on how to get well dressed.
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些关于时尚界最值得读的书。
【解答】（1）D．细节理解题。由第二本书"Former fashion editor at Stylist magazine，Alexandra Fullerton certainly knows something about getting dressed."（Stylist 杂志的前时尚编辑，亚历山德拉富勒顿当然知道一些关于穿衣的知识。）可知，这本书是前时尚编辑写的关于如何穿衣打扮的。故选D。
（2）C．细节理解题。由第三本书"Her friendly，accessible tone is backed up with some serious knowledge — her PhD in fashion marketing allows her to explore how far fashion has come in recent decades，discussing many things including virtual reality shopping while offering up a brief tour of fashion's 21st century history."（她友好、平易近人的语气得到了一些严肃的知识的支持——她的时尚营销博士学位让她能够探索近几十年来时尚的发展，讨论了许多事情，包括虚拟现实购物，同时简要介绍了时尚的 21 世纪历史。）可知，Victoria Magrath可以带你了解21世纪的时尚史。故选C。
（3）C．推理判断题。由第一段"Whether you're looking to learn more about sustainability or imagine yourself as a media big man at the head of a world﹣famous magazine，here are several books worth popping on your Good Reads list."（无论您是想了解更多关于可持续发展的知识，还是想把自己想象成世界著名杂志的负责人，这里有几本书值得在您的好读物清单上弹出。）可知，下列介绍的都是和杂志和时尚有关的书籍。故选C。
【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
19．（8分）Is that "empathy"（移情）or "sympathy" you're showing？While the two words are often incorrectly used interchangeably，the difference in their emotional impact is important.
Empathy，literally "walk a mile in others' shoes"，goes beyond sympathy，a simple expression of concern for another person's misfortune.Empathy requires the ability to recognize the suffering of another person from their point of view and to openly share their emotions，including painful distress.Since it requires shared experiences，people can generally feel empathy only for other people，not for animals.While people may be able to sympathize with a horse，for example，they cannot truly empathize with it.
Sympathy is a feeling and expression of concern for someone，often accompanied by a wish for them to be happier or better off. "Oh dear，I hope the new plan can really work." In general，sympathy implies a deeper，more personal，level of concern than pity，a simple expression of sorrow.However，unlike empathy，sympathy does not imply that one's feelings for another are based on shared experiences or emotions.
Psychologists say that empathy is essential in forming relationships and acting toward others.Since it involves experiencing another person's point of view﹣ stepping outside one's self ﹣ empathy enables genuinely helping behaviors that come easily and naturally，rather than having to be forced.
Empathetic people work effectively in groups，make more lasting friendships，and are more likely to step in when they see others being mistreated.It is believed that people begin to show empathy in infancy and develop the quality through childhood and adolescence.Despite their level of concern for others，however，most people tend to feel deeper empathy for people similar to themselves compared to people outside their family，community，race，or cultural background.
However，taken to extremes，deep or extended feelings of empathy can actually be harmful to one's emotional health.Empathy can make people angry ﹣ perhaps dangerously so ﹣ if they mistakenly perceive that another person is threatening a person they care for.
For years，psychologists have reported cases of too empathetic patients endangering the well﹣being of themselves and their families by giving away their life savings to random needy individuals.Such too empathetic people who feel they are somehow responsible for the distress of others have developed an empathy﹣based guilt.

（1）What does the phrase "walk a mile in others' shoes" in Paragraph 2 mean？ 　A　
A.Put oneself in others' situation.
B.Walk a long distance in others' shoes.
C.Accompany others in the long jogging.
D.Walk with others to share their experiences.
（2）How do you understand the level of concern according to Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3？ 　C　
A.Pity ＝ sympathy.
B.Sympathy ＝ empathy.
C.Pity ＜ sympathy.
D.Sympathy ＞ empathy.
（3）Which of the following statements about empathy is true？ 　D　
A.Empathy is a feeling that exists between human beings and animals.
B.Empathy is essential to form relationship，so the deeper，the better.
C.Empathy is to just express sadness to other without shared experiences.
D.People are more likely to show empathy to those who have something in common.
（4）What is the best title of the passage？ 　C　
A.Empathy，Good or Bad？
B.Two Important Human Feelings.
C.Empathy vs.Sympathy.
D.Empathy，A Must in Relationship.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了共情与同情及其区别。
【解答】（1）A．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段" Empathy requires the ability to recognize the suffering of another person from their point of view and to openly share their emotions，including painful distress. "（同理心需要有能力从他人的角度认识他人的痛苦，并公开分享他们的情绪，包括痛苦的困扰。）可知同理心即"walk a mile in others' shoes"指的是设身处地为他人着想。结合选项：A.Put oneself in others' situation.把自己置于他人的处境中；B.Walk a long distance in others' shoes.穿着别人的鞋子走很远的路；C.Accompany others in the long jogging.陪伴他人慢跑；D.Walk with others to share their experiences.与他人一起散步，分享他们的经历。故选A。
（2）C．推理判断题。根据文章第三段"In general，sympathy implies a deeper，more personal，level of concern than pity，a simple expression of sorrow. "（一般来说，同情意味着一种比怜悯更深刻、更个人化的关心，一种简单的悲伤表达。）可知同情的程度是高于怜悯的。故选C。
（3）D．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段"however，most people tend to feel deeper empathy for people similar to themselves compared to people outside their family，community，race，or cultural background."（然而，与家庭、社区、种族或文化背景以外的人相比，大多数人倾向于对与自己相似的人产生更深的同理心。）可知人们更有可能对那些和自己有共同之处的人表示同情。故选D。
（4）C．标题判断题。根据文章主题段第一段"Is that "empathy"（移情） or "sympathy" you're showing？While the two words are often incorrectly used interchangeably，the difference in their emotional impact is important."（这是"共情"还是"同情"？虽然这两个词经常被错误地互换使用，但它们在情感上的不同影响是重要的。）后文对两者的区别进行了具体的介绍。可知文章以"共情与同情"为标题最为合适。故选C。
【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
20．（8分）
A.The same is true for foreign language.
B.However，there are sound reasons for the concern.
C.Foreign language learning should be given top priority to.
D.Exercise matters deeply for cognitive development for kids.
E.There is no doubt that instrumental training should be on the to﹣do list.
F.Perhaps，but they all owe current success，in part，to the training in that aspect.
Are extra curriculums really extra？
Former Harvard President Drew Faust recently wrote of students overlooking the benefit of following their interest in art or linguistics.The trend towards employable subjects like math and science is reflected in decisions of college students as well as primary and secondary schools. （1）　B　.Great work of cognitive neuroscientists（认知神经学家）reveals what we think of as "extras" are central to strengthening our minds.
Take music as an example.A study shows that musical training，particularly instrumental training，produces long lasting changes in motor abilities and brain structure.The earlier a child starts instrumental training，the stronger the connection between the right and left hemispheres（半球）of the brain.These changes thus affect the ability to listen and communicate as an adult.What is found in musicians is also common among world﹣class athletes and top﹣level managers.Is it a coincidence that Roger Federer，Elon Musk and Steve Job，all studied music for years as children？
（2）　F　.Science backs that up.Children who play an instrument 30 minutes a week over the course of a little over a year have more highly developed brains.
（3）　A　.Studying a second language restructures the brain which lasts into adulthood.The cortex（大脑皮层），which has the greatest changes when a second language is learned during childhood，influences thought and consciousness.
How about physical education？New research also reveals children who get aerobic exercise transform their brains due to a protein that is increased during exercise.（4）　D　.Yet 20 percent of U.S.schools put an end to it in favor of increased classroom time.
Concentration，evolved communication skills，and being a good team player are just a few of the benefits research shows extra curriculums have on a developing mind.To me，that list reads as one I might put together for a model employee.
【分析】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了课外活动是否真的是多余的。
【解答】（1）B.推理判断题。根据上下文Former Harvard President Drew Faust recently wrote of students overlooking the benefit of following their interest in art or linguistics.The trend towards employable subjects like math and science is reflected in decisions of college students as well as primary and secondary schools. （1）.Great work of cognitive neuroscientists（认知神经学家）reveals what we think of as "extras" are central to strengthening our minds.哈佛大学（Harvard）前校长德鲁•福斯特（Drew Faust）最近写道，有些学生忽视了追随自己对艺术或语言学的兴趣所带来的好处。数学和科学等适合就业的学科的趋势反映在大学生和中小学的决定中。……认知神经科学家的伟大工作揭示了我们认为的"额外的东西"对增强我们的心智至关重要。前面说明哈佛大学校长写了学生们不合理的做法，表达了自己的担忧。后面讲述了原因，所以B选项：然而，这种担忧有充分的理由。意思相符，故选B。
（2）F.推理判断题。根据上文Take music as an example.A study shows that musical training，particularly instrumental training，produces long lasting changes in motor abilities and brain structure.The earlier a child starts instrumental training，the stronger the connection between the right and left hemispheres（半球）of the brain.These changes thus affect the ability to listen and communicate as an adult.What is found in musicians is also common among world﹣class athletes and top﹣level managers.Is it a coincidence that Roger Federer，Elon Musk and Steve Job，all studied music for years as children？以音乐为例。一项研究表明，音乐训练，尤其是乐器训练，会对运动能力和大脑结构产生持久的改变。孩子越早开始乐器训练，大脑左右半球之间的联系就越强。因此，这些变化会影响一个成年人倾听和交流的能力。在音乐家身上发现的这种现象在世界级运动员和顶级经理人身上也很常见。罗杰•费德勒（Roger Federer）、埃隆•马斯克（Elon Musk）和史蒂夫•乔布斯（Steve jobs）都在孩提时代学习了多年音乐，这是一个巧合吗？可知上文讲述的是成功和早期训练的关系；结合下文Science backs that up.Children who play an instrument 30 minutes a week over the course of a little over a year have more highly developed brains.科学证明了这一点。在一年多一点的时间里，每周演奏30分钟乐器的孩子大脑更加发达。所以F选项：也许吧，但他们现在的成功，在某种程度上，都归功于这方面的训练。意思相符，故选F。
（3）A.段落大意题。根据上文The earlier a child starts instrumental training，the stronger the connection between the right and left hemispheres （半球） of the brain.（孩子越早开始乐器训练，大脑的左右半球之间的联系就越强）和下文"The cortex （大脑皮层），which has the greatest changes when a second language is learned during childhood，influences thought and consciousness.（大脑皮层在儿童时期学习第二语言时变化最大，影响思维和意识。）都在说儿时的刻苦训练的效果可以持续到长大后，结合下文Studying a second language restructures the brain which lasts into adulthood.The cortex（大脑皮层），which has the greatest changes when a second language is learned during childhood，influences thought and consciousness.学习第二语言可以重建大脑，使其持续到成年。大脑皮层在儿童时期学习第二语言时变化最大，它影响思维和意识。说明音乐学习和外语学习有相同的地方，所以A选项：外语也是如此。起着承上启下的作用。故选A。
（4）D.联系上文题。根据上文"New research also reveals children who get aerobic exercise transform their brains due to a protein that is increased during exercise."（新研究还表明，进行有氧运动的儿童会因为运动过程中增加的蛋白质而改变他们的大脑。）说明身体锻炼很重要，能改变大脑。所以D选项：锻炼对孩子的认知发展至关重要。意思相符，故选D。
【点评】关于六选四的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍六个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
Ⅳ.Summary Writing
21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible.
TCM Breaks New Ground
Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM），along with Chinese Kungfu and Peking Opera，is one of China's cultural symbols recognized worldwide.It is precious treasure of Chinese civilization，and it has also made great contributions to world civilization by improving people's health and promoting social progress.
There used to be a debate in China about whether TCM or Western medicine was better，and arguments can still be heard today.But actually，TCM and Western medicine are two different medical theoretical systems that cannot replace each other.In some aspects such as surgery，Western medicine is better than TCM，but in other areas，such as recovery after surgery and treatment of chronic（慢性的）diseases，TCM is more effective.This is why some Chinese hospitals provide both TCM and Western medicine treatments.A combination of both has been accepted by many Chinese people as the most effective treatment.
Today，promoting and innovating TCM has become a shared opinion in Chinese society.The Chinese government has made policies to support the development and innovation of TCM，with a view to establishing a Chinese healthcare development model paying equal attention to both.
The supportive policies of the Chinese Government will focus on three aspects.The first is the strengthening of TCM services in medical institutions.The second is to apply Internet technology to TCM management，including setting up a database containing TCM electronic medical records and prescriptions（处方）.The third is to give better play to the advantages of TCM，such as acupuncture（针灸）.The function of TCM in disease prevention and recovery will also be enhanced.
As long as TCM keeps its core strengths and respects the rules of development and innovation，it will surely be able to maintain its vitality and bring more benefits to people in China and the world.
【分析】中医药是中华文化的象征，在世界文明中具有重要价值。尽管存在争议，但中西医结合被认为是治疗疾病最有效的方法。政府已制定政策，在服务、技术和应用方面促进和创新中医药。中医肯定更有益。
高分句型一：Despite the debate，a combination of TCM and Western medicine is regarded as the most effective in treating diseases.
翻译：尽管存在争议，但中西医结合被认为是治疗疾病最有效的方法。
分析：本句使用了be regarded as译为"被认为..."。
高分句型二：The government has made policies to promote and innovate TCM，in terms of services，technology and application.
翻译：政府已制定政策，在服务、技术和应用方面促进和创新中医药。
分析：本句使用了不定式to promote and innovate TCM，in terms of services，technology and application表目的。
【解答】TCM，a symbol of Chinese culture，is valuable in the world civilization.（中医药是中华文化的象征）Despite the debate，a combination of TCM and Western medicine is regarded as the most effective in treating diseases.【高分句型一】（中西医结合被认为是治疗疾病最有效的方法）The government has made policies to promote and innovate TCM，in terms of services，technology and application.【高分句型二】TCM is sure to be more beneficial.（在政府的扶持下，中医肯定更有益）
【点评】写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
Ⅴ.TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.
22．（3分）我们有必要测量进入小区的每位来访者的体温。（It） 　It is necessary for us to take the temperature of every visitor who comes into the community.　
【分析】我们有必要测量进入小区的每位来访者的体温。
【解答】有必要做某事It is necessary （for sb.） to do sth，it作形式主语，测量某人的体温take the temperature of sb.，进入小区的每位来访者every visitor who comes into the community，who引导定语从句修饰先行词every visitor，定语从句中who作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
故填：It is necessary for us to take the temperature of every visitor who comes into the community.
【点评】汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
23．（3分）简而言之，阅读鼓励读者不仅仅只是读印刷出来的文本。（encourage） 　In short，reading encourages readers not just to read printed text.　
【分析】简而言之，阅读鼓励读者不仅仅只是读印刷出来的文本。
【解答】简而言之In short；鼓励某人做某事encourage sb.to do sth.，reading作主语，encourage用第三人称单数形式；不仅仅not just；印刷出来的文本printed text。
故填：In short，reading encourages readers not just to read printed text.
【点评】汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
24．（4分）坐落于金山区的上海乐高乐园 （Shanghai Legoland），已于 11 月 17 日动工，它将以 8 个主题片区和 1 座主题酒店为特色。（feature） 　Shanghai Legoland located in Jinshan District，which began to be constructed on Nov.17，will feature eight themed zones and a theme hotel.　
【分析】坐落于金山区的上海乐高乐园 （Shanghai Legoland），已于 11 月 17 日动工，它将以 8 个主题片区和 1 座主题酒店为特色。
【解答】坐落于be located in，作后置定语修饰主语Shanghai Legoland，坐落于金山区的上海乐高乐园Legoland located in Jinshan District； "已于 11 月 17 日动工"翻译成非限制性定语从句which began to be constructed on Nov.17修饰先行词Shanghai Legoland；以……为特色feature；主题片区themed zones；主题酒店theme hotel。
故填：Shanghai Legoland located in Jinshan District，which began to be constructed on Nov.17，will feature eight themed zones and a theme hotel.
【点评】汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
25．（5分）在交友时最好要牢记：第一印象未必总是可靠的，所以不要以貌取人。（keep...in mind） 　When making friends，you'd better keep in mind that never judge a person by his appearance because first impression cannot be always trusted.　
【分析】在交友时最好要牢记：第一印象未必总是可靠的，所以不要以貌取人。
【解答】根据句意可知，主语是you，"在交友时"用状语从句的省略When making friends，you和make之间为主动关系，所以用making形式；最好做某事had better do sth.；牢记keep...in mind；不要以貌取人never judge a person by his appearance；第一印象未必总是可靠的first impression cannot be always trusted。
故填：When making friends，you'd better keep in mind that never judge a person by his appearance because first impression cannot be always trusted.
【点评】汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
Ⅵ.Guided Writing
26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120 ﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李明，班主任要求你在下周的班会课上做一个主题交流分享。内容需包括：
1）你是如何理解下面这句话的？"种一棵树最好的时间是十年前，其次是现在。" （The best time to plant a tree was ten years ago.The second best time is now.）
2）请结合自己的例子阐释你对这句话的理解。
【分析】高分句型一：What I want to share is my understanding of the sentence"The best time to plant a tree was ten years ago.The second best time is now."
译文：我想和大家分享的是我对"最好的植树时间是十年前，其次是现在"这句话的理解。
分析：这句话使用what引导主语从句。
高分句型二：Looking back on myself，I always wanted to think about everything and plan well before starting to do it.
译文：回顾我自己，我总是想在开始做之前好好考虑每件事并做好计划。
分析：这句话使用现在分词短语作状语。
【解答】Hello everyone，
I am honored to be here to share the theme with you at the class meeting today.What I want to share is my understanding of the sentence"The best time to plant a tree was ten years ago.The second best time is now."【高分句型一】（话题）
In my opinion，this sentence is to tell us the importance of action.Looking back on myself，I always wanted to think about everything and plan well before starting to do it. 【高分句型二】In this way，a lot of time and energy are wasted every time in the preparation stage，and when the final action is taken，I have already lost patience.Later，my father taught me that maybe I can act first and plan while acting.I followed my father's advice and found that I was much more efficient in doing things.I benefited a lot from it.（结合自己的例子阐释对这句话的理解）
So，dear students，I suggest you take action as soon as possible，because "The best time to plant a tree was ten years ago.The second best time is now."My sharing is over，thank you all.（总结）
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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