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黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版），共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
鹤岗一中2020~2021学年度高一上学期期末考试试题
英语
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Edinburgh, the world's leading festival city.
Edinburgh International Science Festival
Time: 6 April to 20 April
Edinburgh International Science Festival, founded in 1983, is the world's first public science festival. The two-week festival gives audiences amazing experiences through a diverse program of inspiring events. Alongside the annual festival in Edinburgh, the organization has a strong focus on education and runs a touring program that visits schools around Scotland throughout the year.
Edinburgh International Book Festival
Time: 10 August to 20 August
Edinburgh International Book Festival is the largest public celebration of the written word in the world, which was first held in 1997. Every August around 1,000 writers and thinkers from across the world gather with the audiences in Edinburg. Here book lovers can rub shoulders with world-renowned authors --- or just relax in the sunshine with a deckchair, a drink and a favorite read.
Scottish International Storytelling Festival
Time: 19 October to 31 October
Beginning in 1989, the Scottish International Storytelling Festival is the largest storytelling event in the world. Drawing heavily on traditional tale-tellers from Scotland — as well as international guests with stories from their own cultures, the festival is a very special celebration of the oral tradition. Skilled storytellers draw their audiences in, bringing together past and present, real and unreal, for an attractive 10 days.
Edinburgh International Children's Festival
Time: 25 May to 2 June
Edinburgh International Children's Festival is the one dedicated specifically to children. It brings some of the world's best theatre, dance and plays made for young people to Edinburgh for nine days of inspiring and entertaining shows and special events. The Festival began in 1980 and is now spread over 10 activity fields, attracting a loyal audience of 10,000 families, schools and artists.
1. What is the duration of Edinburgh International Science Festival?
A. About one week. B. Less than 10 days.
C. About two weeks. D. More than half a month.
2. What can the tourists do in Edinburgh International Book Festival?
A. Meet world-famous authors. B. Buy all their favorite books.
C. Relax by listening to stories. D. Share stories with audiences.
3. Which festival has the longest history?
A. Edinburgh International Science Festival.
B. Edinburgh International Book Festival.
C. Scottish International Storytelling Festival.
D. Edinburgh International Children's Festival.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在爱丁堡举行的四项节日活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Edinburgh International Science Festival Time: 6 April to 20 April可知，这个节日持续时间大约为两周。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Edinburgh International Book Festival中的Here book lovers can rub shoulders with world-renowned authors(在这里，书迷们可以与世界著名的作家们亲密接触。)可知，在爱丁堡国际图书节游客可以接触到一些著名作家。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据四个节日的起始时间可知，最早的是Edinburgh International Children’s Festival。故选D。
B
Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination better than Chinese writer Liu Cixin. Until four years ago, Liu worked full-time as a computer engineer at a power plant in Shanxi province. He only wrote science fiction in his spare time. But it was during this time that Liu’s imagination took flight.
But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015. Perhaps neither did he think that former US president Barack Obama would read his novel The Three-Body Problem, nor that on Nov 9 in Washington DC, he would win the 2018 Arthur C．Clarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society. It’s the first time a Chinese writer has ever won the award.
In his acceptance speech, Liu said that he owed his imagination to Arthur C．Clarke , a famous UK sci-fi author. He said that reading Clarke’s classic novel : A Space Odyssey in the early 1980s had a great effect on him.
“My mind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea,” Liu said. “That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (使……敬畏) by the mystery of the universe.”
But no matter how far away Liu’s imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational. For example, in The Wandering Earth, Liu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on “hard science”. Liu’s works aren’t simply daydreams.
4. What do we know about Liu Cixin?
A. He became a full-time writer when he was young.
B. He dreamed about wandering in space from childhood.
C. He is the first Asian to win the Arthur C．Clarke Award.
D. He is the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award.
5. Liu Cixin’s words are used mainly to show ______.
A. his interest in mysteries of the universe
B. his love of reading science fiction
C. his confusion when he started writing
D. his feeling after reading Clarke’s work
6. Why did the author mention The Three-Body Problem and The Wandering Earth?
A. To compare the different writing styles in the two books.
B. To explain how Liu Cixin came up with his ideas.
C. To show that Liu Cixin has a powerful imagination.
D. To prove that Liu Cixin’s works relate science to reality.
7. What’s the text mainly about?
A. Liu Cixin’s achievements and writing style.
B. Liu Cixin’s contributions to science fiction.
C. How Liu Cixin became a sci-fi writer.
D. How Liu Cixin started a new sci-fi style.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作家刘慈欣的成就和写作风格。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015.（但即使拥有如此强大的想象力，55岁的刘慈欣可能也没有想到自己会在2015年成为首位获得雨果奖的亚洲人,雨果奖是科幻小说的最高奖项。）”可知，刘慈欣是首位获得雨果奖的亚洲人。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“He said that reading Clarke’s classic novel : A Space Odyssey in the early 1980s had a great effect on him.（他表示，阅读克拉克的经典小说《20世纪80年代早期太空漫游》对他产生了很大影响）”倒数第二段““My mind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea,” Liu said. “That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (使……敬畏) by the mystery of the universe.”（ “我的思想前所未有地开阔了。我觉得自己就像一条狭窄的河流，终于看到了大海。刘说，“那晚，在我眼里，繁星点点的天空与过去完全不同。我有生以来第一次对宇宙的神秘感到敬畏。”）”可推知，刘慈欣的话主要是用来表达他看完Clarke作品后的感受。故选D。
6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But no matter how far away Liu’s imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational.For example, in The Wandering Earth, Liu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on “hard science”. Liu’s works aren’t simply daydreams.（但无论刘的想象力走得多远，他的小说始终保持着理性。例如，在《流浪地球》中，刘慈欣展望了太阳系灭亡、人类不得不寻找新的居住地的那一天。然而，他所有的愿景和解决方案都建立在“硬科学”的基础上。刘慈欣的作品不仅仅是白日梦。）”可知，作者提到刘慈欣的这两本书，是为了证明刘慈欣的作品是科学与现实相联系的。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据第一段“Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination better than Chinese writer Liu Cixin. Until four years ago… He only wrote science fiction in his spare time. But it was during this time that Liu’s imagination took flight.（也许没有人比中国作家刘慈欣更了解想象力的力量。直到四年前……；他只在业余时间写科幻小说。但正是在这段时间里，刘慈欣的想象力开始飞翔。）”和根据第二段“But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015.（但即使拥有如此强大的想象力，55岁的刘慈欣可能也没有想到自己会在2015年成为首位获得雨果奖的亚洲人,雨果奖是科幻小说的最高奖项。）可知，本文主要讲述了作家刘慈欣的成就和写作风格。故选A。
C
More and more birds are flying to settle at Qinghai Lake, one of the highest inland lakes in China, thanks to the protection efforts of local governments. Covering an area of over 4,000 square kilometers. Qinghai Lake is also the country's biggest saltwater lake. Located in Northwest China's Qinghai Province, the lake is famous for the two islands at its northwest point—Cormorant Island and Egg Island. The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various schools of fish, offering rich food sources for birds. The islands have become a paradise for different kinds of groups of birds and have been called“Bird Islands”．
Each March and April, when ice and snow covering the QinghaiTibet Plateau starts to melt, over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Islands to lay eggs. During the months, flocks of birds cover the whole sky over the islands and birds eggs can be found everywhere. Visitors can hear the singing of birds from miles away. These have become a world famous symbol of the lake.
To protect this paradise for birds and support calls for ecological protection, China set up the Qinghai Lake Natural Protection Zone at the end of 1997.Meanwhile, the State has pointed out the Bird Islands and Spring bay of the Qinghai Lake as central protection zones.
Inspection officials and management employees often patrol the lake, improving local residents' knowledge of related laws and spreading knowledge about animal protection to visitors. They are making great efforts to call on people to love and protect the birds. At the same time, they have built special fences around the island area to prevent wolves, foxes and other carnivorous animals, as well as illegal hunters from breaking up the birds' nestbuilding, egglaying and breeding. As a result, more and more birds are coming to the islands for sheltering and breeding.
8. Why are more and more birds coming to the biggest saltwater lake in the Great Northwest?
A. Because it is getting warmer and warmer. B. Because it is being reformed
C. Because environments there are getting more and more agreeable for them to live in. D. Because the people there are becoming richer and richer
9. The birds feed on_______according to the passage.
A. floating fish and various grass
B. grass moving on the water surface and different kinds of fish
C. salt water and plenty of grains
D. corn from the local farmers
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The ice and snow covering the QinghaiTibet Plateau doesn't change into water, unless more than 20 kinds of birds come to the Bird Islands.
B. Flocks of birds fly up to the whole sky over islands to lay eggs.
C. Visitors can listen to the singing of birds from miles away, but they couldn't see any bird
D. “The ice on the Plateau begins to change into water” means spring is coming.
11. The officials go around the lake mainly to________.
A. let the farmers there know the animal protection law
B. tell the farmers there some knowledge about animal protection
C. call on people to love and protect the birds
D. all of the above
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。在地方政府的保护下，越来越多的鸟类飞到中国内陆最高的湖泊之一青海湖定居。这里的自然环境得到了极大的改善。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的第一段“More and more birds are flying to settle at Qinghai Lake, one of the highest inland lakes in China, thanks to the protection efforts of local governments.The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various schools of fish, offering rich food sources for birds.”可知多亏了当地政府的保护，越来越多的鸟儿迁徙到 青海湖，这两个岛屿有大量的浮草和各种鱼群，为鸟类提供了丰富的食物来源。也可推知，为什么越来越多的鸟来到大西北最大的咸水湖是因为那里的环境越来越适合它们居住。故选 C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various schools of fish, offering rich food sources for birds.”可知，这两个岛屿有大量的浮草和各种鱼群，为鸟类提供了丰富的食物来源。所欲鸟儿是以水草和鱼儿为食的，故选 B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Each March and April, when ice and snow covering the QinghaiTibet Plateau starts to melt, over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Islands to lay eggs. ”可知，每年3月和4月，当覆盖青藏高原的冰雪开始融化时，20多种鸟类会飞到鸟岛产卵。这意味着春天的到来。故答案 D 是正 确的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inspection officials and management employees often patrol the lake, improving local residents' knowledge of related laws and spreading knowledge about animal protection to visitors. They are making great efforts to call on people to love and protect the birds. ”可知，巡查人员和管理人员经常在湖边巡逻，提高当地居民对相关法律的了解，并向游客传播动物保护知识。他们正在努力呼吁人们爱护和保护这些鸟。ABC 选项均为正确的，故选 D。
D
Do you like spicy food?
What’s your opinion on spicy food? Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili-red pepper-in their dinner while others can’t get enough of it.
Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili while others loathe it. Plenty of research has been done on the subject, dating as far back as the 1970s. Previous results showed that a love of chili is related to childhood experiences, and cultural influences affect our taste buds too. But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported.
“We have always assumed that liking drives intake-we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But no one has actually directly bothered to connect these personality traits with intake of chili peppers,”said Professor John Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study.
But before you look at the study, you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste, unlike sour, sweet, bitter and salty. It is, in fact, a burning sensation that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.
In the study, 97 participants, both male and female, were asked to fill out questionnaires about certain traits of their personality, for example, whether they like new experiences or tend to avoid risks. They were then given a glass of water with capsaicin, the plant chemical that makes a chili burn, mixed into it.
By comparing the answers to the questionnaire and what participants said they felt about the spicy water, researchers found that those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.
Interestingly, we used to believe that the reason some people can withstand spicy food is that their tongues have become less sensitive to it. However, this latest study has found otherwise. “It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly, it’s that you actually learn to like the burn,” Hayes explained.
12. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “loathe” in the second paragraph?
A. dislike B. fear
C. put up with D. adapt to
13. What did Professor John Hayes and his team discover from their study?
A. what we eat actually helps to develop our personalities
B. Males are more likely to enjoy spicy food than females
C. Those trying to avoid risks tend to be less interested in spicy food
D. People are wrong to treat spicy as a kind of taste rather than a feeling
14. Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study?
A. Because their taste buds have become less sensitive
B. Because they love the burning sensation
C. Because they want to challenge themselves
D. Because the more they try spicy food, the less it burns
15. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. What he or she likes to eat mainly decides on his or her personality
B. That a person enjoys spicy food depends largely on the personality
C. His or her childhood experiences decide on his or her personality
D. His or her cultural background decides on his or her personality
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是关于人为什么喜欢辣味食物的研究，研究表明，人们喜欢吃辣食跟一个人的个性有关。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili while others loathe it.”，可知，长期以来，科学家们一直对什么有些人喜欢辣椒而另一些人loathe 它感到困惑。loathe应该与love 想对应，所以dislike“不喜欢”符合。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据“his got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.”喜欢刺激，观看动作片或是坐过山车的人会更喜欢吃辣食，和倒数第二段中“Researchers found that those who most tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water”在研究中，发现那些倾向于看动作片和冒险的人有更大的可能性喜欢这种辣味的水，可以推测出，约翰·海斯教授和他的团队从他们的研究中发现那些试图规避风险的人往往对辛辣食物不太感兴趣。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly, it’s that you actually learn to like the burn,” Hayes explained. ”人们喜欢吃辣食是因为人们喜欢燃烧的感觉。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“ But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported. ”可知，但据加拿大广播公司新闻报道，最新研究发现，一个人对辛辣食物的喜爱可能与他或她的性格有关，而不是其他任何因素。所以短文主要是一个人是否喜欢吃辣的食物，很大程度上取决于他的性格。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项两项为多余选项。
Everybody hates the idea of cutting back financially(财政上) because it usually means living without things you like. But not always.____16____.They could reduce your costs by thousands of dollars a year.
___17___
An increasing number of grocery chains are selling their own lines of food. Actually, these brands cost vastly less than the name brands, but taste the same. Switch and you could save 25 percent on your grocery bills.
Make a list.
Whether you re buying groceries or gifts, spur－of the－moment impulses(一时冲动)are your enemy.___18___If you want to buy something on impulse, force yourself to go home and think about it.
Carry snacks.
___19___. The same holds true for anything you eat out. So if you know you re going to be out for several hours and likely to get hungry, throw an apple in your car or carry a six-pack of soda or water in your bag.
Use it up.
Before you run to the store, make sure you check your fridge. There’s a good chance that you’ve got lots of unused or partially used items that will go to waste while you waste your cash buying more.___20___.
A. Make a savings plan
B. Switch to store brands
C. There are many painless ways to save
D. Choose reliable brands of well-known companies
E. Write a to-do list before you go shopping and stick to it
F. Whether it’s food or beauty care, use it up before you replace it
G. Buy a soda at a restaurant and you’re likely to pay twice as much
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. F
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。每个人都讨厌削减开支，因为这通常意味着生活中没有你喜欢的东西。文章主要介绍了几种无痛的省钱方法，这样可以让你的年度预算每年减少数千美元。
16题详解】
根据下文They could reduce your costs by thousands of dollars a year.（他们每年能为你节省数千美元。）可知是要介绍省钱的办法，可知C选项“有很多无痛的省钱方式”符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据本段内容An increasing number of grocery chains are selling their own lines of food. Actually, these brands cost vastly less than the name brands, but taste the same. Switch and you could save 25 percent on your grocery bills.（越来越多的食品连锁店开始出售自己的食品系列。实际上，这些牌子的价格比名牌便宜得多，但味道一样。换一种方式，你可以节省25%的杂费。）可知是建议转换品牌。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题Make a list.（列个清单）以及下文If you want to buy something on impulse, force yourself to go home and think about it.（ 如果你一时冲动想买东西，那就强迫自己回家好好想想。）可知是建议去购物前写一份待办事项清单并遵守，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据下文The same holds true for anything you eat out. So if you know you’re going to be out for several hours and likely to get hungry, throw an apple in your car or carry a six-pack of soda or water in your bag.（这同样适用于你在外面吃的任何东西。所以，如果你知道你要出去几个小时，很可能会饿，那就在你的车里放一个苹果，或者在包里装上半打苏打水或水。）可推知商店的东西往往很贵，因此建议带上一些零食可以省钱。故G选项“在餐馆买一杯苏打水，你可能要付两倍的价钱”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据段落标题和空格上文There’s a good chance that you’ve got lots of unused or partially used items that will go to waste while you waste your cash buying more.（很有可能你有很多没用过或部分用过的东西会被浪费掉，而你却把钱浪费在买更多的东西上。）可推知不管是食物还是美容护理，在更换之前都要用完。故选F。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共四节，满分75分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for. I sat in the car, lost in ___21___, chewing on my lip and staring outside.
I went upstairs, ___22___ and desperate. Grandpa’s door was open for me as usual. There, he was waiting for my ___23___ with great excitement. I stood silently, forcing a smile to cover my sadness. He seemed to ___24___ me immediately, giving me a hug. I was astonished that such a ___25___ body was full of so much energy.
Only then did my emotions start ___26___ out. I told him that all my ___27___ were for nothing, and that I was feeling discouraged. Grandpa smiled at me gently and said, “Don’t worry. You’re far stronger than you think.” Then he ___28___, “Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and ___29___, neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy to give up.”
He ____30____ me on the shoulder, with a determined look, before saying, “ Cheer up. I firmly ____31____ that you have the ability to succeed.” Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness disappear.
The next day, I thought about all my problems and ____32____ a plan. Now, I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure, I’ll ____33____ reach my goals.
Looking back, I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our ____34____ ones. As my grandpa showed, the ____35____ of our family members will benefit us forever.
21. A. joy B. despair C. love D. need
22. A. weak B. strong C. sweet D. simple
23. A. suggestion B. comment C. discovery D. arrival
24. A. ignore B. inspect C. read D. order
25. A. fine B. fit C. thin D. healthy
26. A. dying B. turning C. checking D. pouring
27. A. offers B. efforts C. promises D. profits
28. A. added B. shared C. helped D. served
29. A. decisions B. respects C. desires D. pains
30. A. patted B. hit C. begged D. picked
31. A. permit B. believe C. expect D. change
32. A. turned into B. came across C. cared about D. worked out
33. A. merely B. actually C. eventually D. instantly
34. A. deserved B. beloved C. determined D. excited
35. A. company B. gratitude C. support D. blame
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为没有参加申请的全国IT竞赛而感到沮丧。爷爷鼓励作者，以积极的态度对待失败，最终会达到自己的目标。作者意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步，这会受益终生。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在车里，绝望地望着外面，咬着嘴唇。A. joy快乐；B. despair绝望；C. love爱；D. need需要。根据上文“I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for.”可知，作者因为没有成功参加申请的全国IT竞赛而感到沮丧。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我虚弱而绝望地上楼。A. weak虚弱的；B. strong强壮的；C. sweet甜的；D. simple简单的。结合上文内容可知，作者因为没能参加比赛心情沮丧，所以是虚弱而绝望地上楼。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：爷爷在那里，非常激动地等待着我的回来。A. suggestion建议；B. comment评论；C. discovery发现；D. arrival到达。结合常识可知，此处是指爷爷等着作者回来，告诉他事情的结果。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎马上就看穿了我，给了我一个拥抱。A. ignore忽视；B. inspect检查；C. read阅读，看出；D. order命令。此处指爷爷。根据上文“I stood silently, forcing a smile to cover my sadness.”可知，此处是指作者的强颜欢笑被爷爷看出来了。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很震惊，这样瘦的身体却充满了能量。A. fine好的；B. fit合适的；C. thin瘦的；D. healthy健康的。结合常识可知，爷爷年龄大了，所以身体比较瘦。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到那时我的情绪才开始流露出来。A. dying死；B. turning旋转；C. checking核对；D. pouring倾泻。根据上文“I stood silently, forcing a smile to cover my sadness.”可知，作者一开始掩饰自己的情绪，直到爷爷拥抱他时，他才把情感流露出来。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他所有的努力都白费了，因此我感到灰心丧气。A. offers提议；B. efforts努力；C. promises许诺；D. profits利润。根据下文“I was feeling discouraged”可知，此处是指作者为比赛付出的努力都白费了。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充说到“生活充满了起起落落，我们需要做是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。” A. added增加，补充（说）；B. shared分享；C. helped帮助；D. served服务。结合语境可知“Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and____12____, neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy to give up.”这些话是爷爷补充说的内容。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充说到“生活充满了起起落落，我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。”A. decisions 决定；B. respects尊重；C. desires渴望；D. pains疼痛。根据“hopes and”可知，此处用“渴望”符合语境，指我们任何时候都要抱有希望和渴望。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拍了拍我的肩膀，带着坚定的表情告诉我“振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。”A. patted轻拍；B. hit击打；C. begged祈求；D. picked挑选。根据下文““ Cheer up. I firmly ___11___ that you have the ability to succeed.””可知，爷爷在安慰作者，用“拍肩膀”符合语境。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拍了拍我的肩膀，带着坚定的表情告诉我“振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。”A. permit允许；B. believe相信；C. expect期待；D. change改变。根据下文“Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness disappear.”可知，爷爷的话给了作者鼓励，由此可知，爷爷说自己相信作者有成功的能力。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我思考了所有的问题并制定了一个计划。A. turned into使变成；B. came across偶遇；C. cared about关心；D. worked out制定出，锻炼。根据“plan”可知，是制定计划。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在我相信，以积极的态度对待失败，我最终会达到我的目标。A. merely仅仅；B. actually事实上；C. eventually最后；D. instantly立刻。根据上文“Now, I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure”可知，此处是指只要用积极的态度面对失败，最后是能实现自己的目标的。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首过去，我意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步。A. deserved值得的；B. beloved心爱的；C. determined坚决的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文作者和爷爷分享自己的挫折可知，此处是指要和自己所爱的人分享挫折和进步。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将永远造福我们。A. company公司，陪伴；B. gratitude 感激；C. support支持；D. blame责备。根据上文““ Cheer up. I firmly ___11___ that you have the ability to succeed.” Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness disappear.”可知，爷爷对作者非常持支，由此可知，此处是指家人的支持会对我们有益。故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
语法填空
Exercise is one of the most important ___36___(part)of keeping your body at a healthy weight. We also know that staying fit and healthy is very vital. Exercise can help prevent weight gain. If you can’t afford to pay the gym ___37___visit every day, don’t worry—just become active throughout the day.
When you exercise___38___(regular), you are in better chances of ___39___(improve)your mood(心情). It can also increase your confidence. Besides, it will better your appearance, ___40___means your body will be in good shape. Regular exercise is also good ___41___physical fitness and good health. Apart from weight control, exercise can also delay your aging process.
___42___you don’t exercise, your muscles will become very weak. Also, your heart and lungs might not___43___(function) as well and you are more likely to get injured. Inactivity is as much of a health risk as smoking.
Make sure that an exercise plan ___44___ (make), so you can know when and what you should do. However, don’t over-exercise yourself because doing too much exercise on a daily basis will have____45____(harm)results.
【答案】36. parts
37. a 38. regularly
39. improving
40. which 41. for
42. If 43. function
44. is made
45. harmful
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了运动的积极作用以及重要性。
【36题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：运动是保持你身体在健康体重的最重要的部分之一。分析句子可知，one of + 形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数，表示“最......之一”，该用法为固定用法。故填parts。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果你负担不起每天去健身房的费用，也不要担心——每天都要活跃起来。pay a visit拜访，该短语是固定短语。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：当你有规律地锻炼时，你就有更好的机会改善你的心情。修饰动词exercise，用副词。故填regularly。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当你有规律地锻炼时，你就有更好的机会改善你的心情。分析句子结构可知，空格处应为动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填improving。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：此外，它会使你的外表更好，这意味着你的身体将处于良好的状态。分析句子结构可知，空格处应为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，用which引导该从句。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查短语。句意：经常锻炼对身体健康也有好处。分析句意可知，此处为固定搭配，be good for sth.对……有好处。故填for。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：如果你不锻炼，你的肌肉会变得很弱。分析句子结构可知，填空处应填连词连接主从句。根据句意可知，此处应填if作连词引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，符合句意。故填If。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：此外，你的心脏和肺可能无法正常工作，你更有可能受伤。情态动词might后接动词原形。故填function。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：确保制定了锻炼计划，这样你就能知道什么时候该做什么。根据句中时态可知，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。分析句子可知，make与宾语从句的主语an exercise plan为被动关系，用被动语态，an exercise plan是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填is made。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但是，不要运动过度，因为每天做太多的运动会产生有害的结果。修饰名词results，用形容词。故填harmful。
第三节单词拼写（共15题，每题1分，共15分）
46. She was scared to______________(死亡) when hearing the sound of explosion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】death
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：听到爆炸声，她吓得要死。介词to后需用名词，根据汉语提示可知，death死亡，名词，符合题意，be scared to death吓得要死，固定短语。故填death。
47. Frogs eat pests which ________ (破坏) crops and carry diseases. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】destroy
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：青蛙吃破坏庄稼和传播疾病的害虫。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。定语从句中，先行词为 pests，所以谓语动词用复数形式。故填destroy。
48. West Hampstead has a _多样化) of good shops and supermarkets. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】variety
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：西汉普斯特德有各种各样的好商店和超市。根据汉语提示推出是名词variety，固定短语a variety of，表示“各种各样的”，故填variety。
49. He was ________ (震惊) to see the terrible traffic accident. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】shocked
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：看到可怕的交通事故，他很震惊。be shocked to do sth “ 惊讶做某事”。故填shocked。
50. He stood back to ___________(欣赏) his handwork. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】admire
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他退后一步欣赏自己的手艺。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，此处用不定式表目的，且根据汉语提示可知，此处应为“admire”。故填admire。
51. The exhibition has ____________(吸引) thousands of visitors. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attracted
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个展览已经吸引了数千名参观者。根据汉语提示推出是动词attract，空前的has表明用的是现在完成时。故填attracted。
52. Her mother’s presence gave the girl a sense of peace and _____________(满足）(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】satisfaction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：母亲的出席给了女孩一种平静和满足的感觉。此空位于介词“of”后面，且根据“peace and”可知，此处应用名词作宾语，根据提示可知，此处应用抽象名词“satisfaction”。故填satisfaction。
53. His new book is to be ___________(出版) next week. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】published
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的新书将于下周出版。根据汉语提示“出版”可知，应用动词publish，此处为不定式作表语，且book与publish构成被动，应用to be done形式。故填published。
54. Since their wedding, the couple have had a happy ___________(婚姻). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】marriage
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：自从他们结婚以来，这对夫妇的婚姻一直很幸福。根据汉语提示和不定冠词a可知，用名词单数形式作宾语。故填marriage。
55. The little girl is __________(遭受) from a horrible pain in the leg. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】suffering
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个小女孩正忍受着腿部的剧痛。根据句意和句中的is可知，用现在进行时，表示正在发生的动作。故填suffering。
56. The pictures were ___________(最初地）published in the pages of a magazine. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】originally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这些照片最初刊登在一本杂志上。此处修饰动词“published”应用副词作状语。故填originally。
57. Now that we are part of the __________(全球的）village, everyone becomes a neighbour. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：既然我们是地球村的一部分，大家就成了邻居。修饰名词village，前用形容词，作定语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填global。
58. The final score of the basketball match was 93:94. We were only ____________(勉强地) beaten. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】narrowly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：篮球赛的最后比分是93:94。我们差一点就输了。根据汉语提示“勉强地”可知，应填副词narrowly，作状语，修饰后文动词beat。故填narrowly。
59. You may choose anyone from the six popular ___________(风味）of ice cream! (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】flavors/flavours
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：你可以从六种流行口味的冰淇淋中任选一种！根据汉语提示可知，flavor/flavour风味，名词，符合题意，基数词six后需用可数名词复数。故填flavors/flavours。
60. Red is a _____________(象征）of good luck in many cultures. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】symbol
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在许多文化中，红色是好运的象征。此空前面有不定冠词“a”修饰，此处应用名词，且“a symbol of...”意为“的象征……”是固定搭配。故填symbol。
第四节单句语法填空（共20题，每题1.5分，共30分）
61. Can you think of a situation __________ this word can be used. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能想出一个用这个词的场合吗？此处为定语从句修饰先行词situation，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
62. Ma Yun ___________(found) Alibaba in the 1990s. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】founded
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：马云在20世纪90年代创立了阿里巴巴。根据时间状语“in the 1990s”可知，该句描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填founded。
63. The new bridge, _______(measure) twice as long as the old one, was completed last month. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】measuring
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座新桥是那座旧桥的两倍长，上个月建成了。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，“measure”后接测量的结果，表示“长达，长度为……”，是不及物动词，不能用被动；且与主语 “The new bridge”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式定语。故填measuring。
64. You ________ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.（一定）（根据汉语提示填空）
【答案】must
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你一定是卡罗。这么多年了，你一点都没变。此处用于对现在情况的肯定推测，表示“一定”，应用情态动词“must”。故填must。
65. We should make full use of our __________(limit) life time. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】limited
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们应该充分利用我们有限的生命时间。名词life time前用形容词形式作定语。limited有限的，符合题意。故填limited。
66. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ___________ which he could see what was going on inside the house. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】through
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个聪明的男孩在墙上打了一个洞，通过这个洞他可以看到房子里发生的事情。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“hole”，在从句中作状语，表示“穿过洞”，应用介词“through”，故用“through which”引导从句。故填through。
67. This is the most interesting book _________ I have read. （用适当词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我读过的最有趣的书。分子句子结构， ① I have read. 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the most interesting book ，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，指物，且先行词被形容词最高级修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
68. This species has nearly died ________ because its habitat is being destroyed. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】out
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：由于栖息地受到破坏，这个物种几乎灭绝了。根据“its habitat is being destroyed（栖息地受到破坏）”可以推断，此处应为“这个物种几乎灭绝了”，表示“灭绝”应用“die out”，是固定搭配。故填out。
69. I didn't get an “A” in last week's English examination, so I'm determined___(work) harder from now on. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to work
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我在上周的英语考试中没有拿到“A”，所以我决定从现在开始更加努力的学习。“be determined to do sth”意为“决定做某事”是固定句型。故填to work。
70. He told the telephone operator that his call was ______ matter of life and death. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：他告诉接线员他的电话事关生死。a matter of关于…… 的问题。根据句意，故填a。
71. The doctor recommended that I _______________(stay) a few more days in hospital. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】(should) stay
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议我在医院多住几天。动词 recommend作为“建议”之意，后接宾语从句，从句用should +动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故填(should) stay。
72. As time went by, I gradually adapted myself ________ the school life. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：随着时间的流逝，我逐渐适应了学校的生活。根据句意表示“适应……”可知短语为adapt oneself to。故填to。
73. You ___________ have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.（不必）（根据汉语提示填空）
【答案】needn’t
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你本不必浇花，因为天要下雨了。分析句子可知，此处表示“过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。”应用“needn't have done”。故填needn’t。
74. My father is the first person to _________ I will turn for help when I meet difficulties. （用适当的词填空）（用适当的词填空）
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我父亲是我遇到困难时第一个寻求帮助的人。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词person，作介词to的宾语，指人，在“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句中只能用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
75. I live next door to a couple________children often make a lot of noise.(用适当的单词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹。本句为定语从句，修饰先行词couple（夫妇），且先行词在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。
76. The students are looking forward to having a chance___( explore) society for real-life experience. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to explore
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们渴望有机会去探索社会，体验现实生活。have a chance to do有机会做某事。根据句意，故填to explore。
77. She said she would do anything ________ could help her mother recover from the disease. （按要求补全句子）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她说她会做任何能帮助母亲从疾病中恢复的事情。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是anything，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用that引导，故填that。
78. _____ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】As
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如以上所提及的，高中学生的数量在增加。分析句子可知，设空出引导定语从句，先行词是逗号后面的句子，关系词在从句中充当主语，且意为“正如”，应用关系代词as。故填As。
【点睛】
79. How __________ you call me a liar?（胆敢）（根据汉语提示填空）
【答案】dare
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你怎么敢说我是骗子？分析句子可知，此句为疑问句，后接动词原形“ call”，且根据提示可知，表示“胆敢”，应填情态动词“dare”。故填dare。
80. The talks were of great ________(significant) for the relationship between the two countries. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】significance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些会谈对两国关系具有重要意义。此空位于介词“of”后面，有形容词“great”修饰，用名词作宾语，且“be of great significance for”意为“对……有重要意义”是固定搭配，故应用抽象名词“significance”。故填significance。
第三部分：书面表达（25分）
81. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jim and Andy walked along the beach,looking for an adventure.They joked that some day they would find a talking fish or a mermaid(美人鱼）or a bottle with a treasure map inside.So far they had only found shells and rocks and seaweed.Today though was different.The boys felt excited.
Sea crabs(螃蟹）scampered(奔跑）on the rocks,up one side and down the other.They were quick and lively.The tide didn't seem to ever wash them away. Then Jim saw a fish. It was stranded（搁浅）on the beach,just flopping(笨拙移动） around.
＂Can it talk?"Andy asked.
＂It looks like any other fish,"Jim said.He picked it up gently and carried it to the water.
＂Do you think it will grant us any wishes?"Andy laughed.
The boys watched as the silver fish sped off through the water."No.Maybe next time."Jim grinned.
As the two friends walked farther down the beach they came upon a bottle.It was green with a cork （软木塞）in the mouth.
＂Our luck will change.Does it have a map inside or a genie(神怪）？＂joked Andy. Andy reached down and picked up the bottle.He rubbed it.Nothing happened.He pulled on the cork. Nothing happened. He shook it. Nothing happened.
“Try the cork again.I bet the genie is waiting for us to release him.Or we'll find a treasure map and have a real adventure,"Jim exclaimed.
Andy tugged(用力拉）again on the cork. He wiggled(扭动）it back and forth.He twisted（旋转；扭）it around and around. Finally, it popped out(弹出）without breaking.Andy shook the bottle.Nothing came out.Looking inside he couldn't see anything.Jim looked too and shook his head. Empty.
＂It's just an old wine bottle,"Jim complained. He grabbed the bottle and tossed(扔）it back onto the sand.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
The bottle hit a rock and shattered(破碎）into many pieces.
Paragraph 2:
Two boys ran after it.
【答案】Paragraph 1
The bottle hit a rock and shattered into many pieces.Both Andy and Jim gasped as they saw a long,silver key on the ground in the glass pieces.Then they looked at each other. Why didn't it make any noise when they shook the bottle?Why didn't they see it?Andy bent over to pick up the key.Suddenly the glass pieces came together to form a bottle again.The key was mysteriously back inside!And the bottle began rolling slowly toward the sea.
Paragraph 2
Two boys ran after it.When they entered the sea,astonishingly they didn't sink into the water but floated on the surface of it.They felt excited.They followed the bottle and then it stopped near an island where there was lots of treasure like diamonds and stones."You can take as much as possible,"a voice came from the coast where a talking fish was swimming.It was the stranded fish that Jim saved and put back into the water.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇读后续写。文章讲述了Jim和Andy想在海边寻宝，挽救了一条搁浅的鱼，看到了一个瓶子的故事。
【详解】续写部分分为两段，根据第一段开头：瓶子撞到一块石头上，摔得粉碎。由此可构思本段细节∶瓶子碎了，Andy和Jim看见一把银(silver)钥匙掉在地上，Andy弯腰想拾起(pick up期匙。突然瓶子(bottle)又完好如初，钥匙又回到里面了。注意与第二段开头的衔接；第二段开头：两个男孩追了出去，可构思本段细节∶两个孩子跟着瓶子跑。他们进入海里时没有下沉而是漂浮在海上。他们感到很兴奋(felt excited)。瓶子把他们带到一个岛屿附近，那儿有很多财宝——是那条搁浅(stranded)的鱼来报恩的，可以增添合理的情节，但是要注意与原文的融合。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Both Andy and Jim gasped as they saw a long, silver key on the ground in the glass pieces.这句话运用了as引导的时间状语从句；本文也使用了一些固定词组，如bend over ; pick up; run after等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
鹤岗一中2020~2021学年度高一上学期期末考试试题
英语
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Edinburgh, the world's leading festival city.
Edinburgh International Science Festival
Time: 6 April to 20 April
Edinburgh International Science Festival, founded in 1983, is the world's first public science festival. The two-week festival gives audiences amazing experiences through a diverse program of inspiring events. Alongside the annual festival in Edinburgh, the organization has a strong focus on education and runs a touring program that visits schools around Scotland throughout the year.
Edinburgh International Book Festival
Time: 10 August to 20 August
Edinburgh International Book Festival is the largest public celebration of the written word in the world, which was first held in 1997. Every August around 1,000 writers and thinkers from across the world gather with the audiences in Edinburg. Here book lovers can rub shoulders with world-renowned authors --- or just relax in the sunshine with a deckchair, a drink and a favorite read.
Scottish International Storytelling Festival
Time: 19 October to 31 October
Beginning in 1989, the Scottish International Storytelling Festival is the largest storytelling event in the world. Drawing heavily on traditional tale-tellers from Scotland — as well as international guests with stories from their own cultures, the festival is a very special celebration of the oral tradition. Skilled storytellers draw their audiences in, bringing together past and present, real and unreal, for an attractive 10 days.
Edinburgh International Children's Festival
Time: 25 May to 2 June
Edinburgh International Children's Festival is the one dedicated specifically to children. It brings some of the world's best theatre, dance and plays made for young people to Edinburgh for nine days of inspiring and entertaining shows and special events. The Festival began in 1980 and is now spread over 10 activity fields, attracting a loyal audience of 10,000 families, schools and artists.
1. What is the duration of Edinburgh International Science Festival?
A. About one week. B. Less than 10 days.
C. About two weeks. D. More than half a month.
2. What can the tourists do in Edinburgh International Book Festival?
A. Meet world-famous authors. B. Buy all their favorite books.
C. Relax by listening to stories. D. Share stories with audiences.
3. Which festival has the longest history?
A. Edinburgh International Science Festival.
B. Edinburgh International Book Festival.
C. Scottish International Storytelling Festival.
D. Edinburgh International Children's Festival.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在爱丁堡举行的四项节日活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Edinburgh International Science Festival Time: 6 April to 20 April可知，这个节日持续时间大约为两周。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Edinburgh International Book Festival中的Here book lovers can rub shoulders with world-renowned authors(在这里，书迷们可以与世界著名的作家们亲密接触。)可知，在爱丁堡国际图书节游客可以接触到一些著名作家。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据四个节日的起始时间可知，最早的是Edinburgh International Children’s Festival。故选D。
B
Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination better than Chinese writer Liu Cixin. Until four years ago, Liu worked full-time as a computer engineer at a power plant in Shanxi province. He only wrote science fiction in his spare time. But it was during this time that Liu’s imagination took flight.
But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015. Perhaps neither did he think that former US president Barack Obama would read his novel The Three-Body Problem, nor that on Nov 9 in Washington DC, he would win the 2018 Arthur C．Clarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society. It’s the first time a Chinese writer has ever won the award.
In his acceptance speech, Liu said that he owed his imagination to Arthur C．Clarke , a famous UK sci-fi author. He said that reading Clarke’s classic novel : A Space Odyssey in the early 1980s had a great effect on him.
“My mind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea,” Liu said. “That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (使……敬畏) by the mystery of the universe.”
But no matter how far away Liu’s imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational. For example, in The Wandering Earth, Liu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on “hard science”. Liu’s works aren’t simply daydreams.
4. What do we know about Liu Cixin?
A. He became a full-time writer when he was young.
B. He dreamed about wandering in space from childhood.
C. He is the first Asian to win the Arthur C．Clarke Award.
D. He is the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award.
5. Liu Cixin’s words are used mainly to show ______.
A. his interest in mysteries of the universe
B. his love of reading science fiction
C. his confusion when he started writing
D. his feeling after reading Clarke’s work
6. Why did the author mention The Three-Body Problem and The Wandering Earth?
A. To compare the different writing styles in the two books.
B. To explain how Liu Cixin came up with his ideas.
C. To show that Liu Cixin has a powerful imagination.
D. To prove that Liu Cixin’s works relate science to reality.
7. What’s the text mainly about?
A. Liu Cixin’s achievements and writing style.
B. Liu Cixin’s contributions to science fiction.
C. How Liu Cixin became a sci-fi writer.
D. How Liu Cixin started a new sci-fi style.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作家刘慈欣的成就和写作风格。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015.（但即使拥有如此强大的想象力，55岁的刘慈欣可能也没有想到自己会在2015年成为首位获得雨果奖的亚洲人,雨果奖是科幻小说的最高奖项。）”可知，刘慈欣是首位获得雨果奖的亚洲人。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“He said that reading Clarke’s classic novel : A Space Odyssey in the early 1980s had a great effect on him.（他表示，阅读克拉克的经典小说《20世纪80年代早期太空漫游》对他产生了很大影响）”倒数第二段““My mind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea,” Liu said. “That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (使……敬畏) by the mystery of the universe.”（ “我的思想前所未有地开阔了。我觉得自己就像一条狭窄的河流，终于看到了大海。刘说，“那晚，在我眼里，繁星点点的天空与过去完全不同。我有生以来第一次对宇宙的神秘感到敬畏。”）”可推知，刘慈欣的话主要是用来表达他看完Clarke作品后的感受。故选D。
6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But no matter how far away Liu’s imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational.For example, in The Wandering Earth, Liu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on “hard science”. Liu’s works aren’t simply daydreams.（但无论刘的想象力走得多远，他的小说始终保持着理性。例如，在《流浪地球》中，刘慈欣展望了太阳系灭亡、人类不得不寻找新的居住地的那一天。然而，他所有的愿景和解决方案都建立在“硬科学”的基础上。刘慈欣的作品不仅仅是白日梦。）”可知，作者提到刘慈欣的这两本书，是为了证明刘慈欣的作品是科学与现实相联系的。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据第一段“Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination better than Chinese writer Liu Cixin. Until four years ago… He only wrote science fiction in his spare time. But it was during this time that Liu’s imagination took flight.（也许没有人比中国作家刘慈欣更了解想象力的力量。直到四年前……；他只在业余时间写科幻小说。但正是在这段时间里，刘慈欣的想象力开始飞翔。）”和根据第二段“But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn’t expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction’s highest prize, in 2015.（但即使拥有如此强大的想象力，55岁的刘慈欣可能也没有想到自己会在2015年成为首位获得雨果奖的亚洲人,雨果奖是科幻小说的最高奖项。）可知，本文主要讲述了作家刘慈欣的成就和写作风格。故选A。
C
More and more birds are flying to settle at Qinghai Lake, one of the highest inland lakes in China, thanks to the protection efforts of local governments. Covering an area of over 4,000 square kilometers. Qinghai Lake is also the country's biggest saltwater lake. Located in Northwest China's Qinghai Province, the lake is famous for the two islands at its northwest point—Cormorant Island and Egg Island. The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various schools of fish, offering rich food sources for birds. The islands have become a paradise for different kinds of groups of birds and have been called“Bird Islands”．
Each March and April, when ice and snow covering the QinghaiTibet Plateau starts to melt, over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Islands to lay eggs. During the months, flocks of birds cover the whole sky over the islands and birds eggs can be found everywhere. Visitors can hear the singing of birds from miles away. These have become a world famous symbol of the lake.
To protect this paradise for birds and support calls for ecological protection, China set up the Qinghai Lake Natural Protection Zone at the end of 1997.Meanwhile, the State has pointed out the Bird Islands and Spring bay of the Qinghai Lake as central protection zones.
Inspection officials and management employees often patrol the lake, improving local residents' knowledge of related laws and spreading knowledge about animal protection to visitors. They are making great efforts to call on people to love and protect the birds. At the same time, they have built special fences around the island area to prevent wolves, foxes and other carnivorous animals, as well as illegal hunters from breaking up the birds' nestbuilding, egglaying and breeding. As a result, more and more birds are coming to the islands for sheltering and breeding.
8. Why are more and more birds coming to the biggest saltwater lake in the Great Northwest?
A. Because it is getting warmer and warmer. B. Because it is being reformed
C. Because environments there are getting more and more agreeable for them to live in. D. Because the people there are becoming richer and richer
9. The birds feed on_______according to the passage.
A. floating fish and various grass
B. grass moving on the water surface and different kinds of fish
C. salt water and plenty of grains
D. corn from the local farmers
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The ice and snow covering the QinghaiTibet Plateau doesn't change into water, unless more than 20 kinds of birds come to the Bird Islands.
B. Flocks of birds fly up to the whole sky over islands to lay eggs.
C. Visitors can listen to the singing of birds from miles away, but they couldn't see any bird
D. “The ice on the Plateau begins to change into water” means spring is coming.
11. The officials go around the lake mainly to________.
A. let the farmers there know the animal protection law
B. tell the farmers there some knowledge about animal protection
C. call on people to love and protect the birds
D. all of the above
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。在地方政府的保护下，越来越多的鸟类飞到中国内陆最高的湖泊之一青海湖定居。这里的自然环境得到了极大的改善。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的第一段“More and more birds are flying to settle at Qinghai Lake, one of the highest inland lakes in China, thanks to the protection efforts of local governments.The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various schools of fish, offering rich food sources for birds.”可知多亏了当地政府的保护，越来越多的鸟儿迁徙到 青海湖，这两个岛屿有大量的浮草和各种鱼群，为鸟类提供了丰富的食物来源。也可推知，为什么越来越多的鸟来到大西北最大的咸水湖是因为那里的环境越来越适合它们居住。故选 C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various schools of fish, offering rich food sources for birds.”可知，这两个岛屿有大量的浮草和各种鱼群，为鸟类提供了丰富的食物来源。所欲鸟儿是以水草和鱼儿为食的，故选 B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Each March and April, when ice and snow covering the QinghaiTibet Plateau starts to melt, over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Islands to lay eggs. ”可知，每年3月和4月，当覆盖青藏高原的冰雪开始融化时，20多种鸟类会飞到鸟岛产卵。这意味着春天的到来。故答案 D 是正 确的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inspection officials and management employees often patrol the lake, improving local residents' knowledge of related laws and spreading knowledge about animal protection to visitors. They are making great efforts to call on people to love and protect the birds. ”可知，巡查人员和管理人员经常在湖边巡逻，提高当地居民对相关法律的了解，并向游客传播动物保护知识。他们正在努力呼吁人们爱护和保护这些鸟。ABC 选项均为正确的，故选 D。
D
Do you like spicy food?
What’s your opinion on spicy food? Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili-red pepper-in their dinner while others can’t get enough of it.
Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili while others loathe it. Plenty of research has been done on the subject, dating as far back as the 1970s. Previous results showed that a love of chili is related to childhood experiences, and cultural influences affect our taste buds too. But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported.
“We have always assumed that liking drives intake-we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But no one has actually directly bothered to connect these personality traits with intake of chili peppers,”said Professor John Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study.
But before you look at the study, you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste, unlike sour, sweet, bitter and salty. It is, in fact, a burning sensation that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.
In the study, 97 participants, both male and female, were asked to fill out questionnaires about certain traits of their personality, for example, whether they like new experiences or tend to avoid risks. They were then given a glass of water with capsaicin, the plant chemical that makes a chili burn, mixed into it.
By comparing the answers to the questionnaire and what participants said they felt about the spicy water, researchers found that those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.
Interestingly, we used to believe that the reason some people can withstand spicy food is that their tongues have become less sensitive to it. However, this latest study has found otherwise. “It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly, it’s that you actually learn to like the burn,” Hayes explained.
12. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “loathe” in the second paragraph?
A. dislike B. fear
C. put up with D. adapt to
13. What did Professor John Hayes and his team discover from their study?
A. what we eat actually helps to develop our personalities
B. Males are more likely to enjoy spicy food than females
C. Those trying to avoid risks tend to be less interested in spicy food
D. People are wrong to treat spicy as a kind of taste rather than a feeling
14. Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study?
A. Because their taste buds have become less sensitive
B. Because they love the burning sensation
C. Because they want to challenge themselves
D. Because the more they try spicy food, the less it burns
15. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. What he or she likes to eat mainly decides on his or her personality
B. That a person enjoys spicy food depends largely on the personality
C. His or her childhood experiences decide on his or her personality
D. His or her cultural background decides on his or her personality
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是关于人为什么喜欢辣味食物的研究，研究表明，人们喜欢吃辣食跟一个人的个性有关。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili while others loathe it.”，可知，长期以来，科学家们一直对什么有些人喜欢辣椒而另一些人loathe 它感到困惑。loathe应该与love 想对应，所以dislike“不喜欢”符合。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据“his got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.”喜欢刺激，观看动作片或是坐过山车的人会更喜欢吃辣食，和倒数第二段中“Researchers found that those who most tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water”在研究中，发现那些倾向于看动作片和冒险的人有更大的可能性喜欢这种辣味的水，可以推测出，约翰·海斯教授和他的团队从他们的研究中发现那些试图规避风险的人往往对辛辣食物不太感兴趣。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly, it’s that you actually learn to like the burn,” Hayes explained. ”人们喜欢吃辣食是因为人们喜欢燃烧的感觉。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“ But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported. ”可知，但据加拿大广播公司新闻报道，最新研究发现，一个人对辛辣食物的喜爱可能与他或她的性格有关，而不是其他任何因素。所以短文主要是一个人是否喜欢吃辣的食物，很大程度上取决于他的性格。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项两项为多余选项。
Everybody hates the idea of cutting back financially(财政上) because it usually means living without things you like. But not always.____16____.They could reduce your costs by thousands of dollars a year.
___17___
An increasing number of grocery chains are selling their own lines of food. Actually, these brands cost vastly less than the name brands, but taste the same. Switch and you could save 25 percent on your grocery bills.
Make a list.
Whether you re buying groceries or gifts, spur－of the－moment impulses(一时冲动)are your enemy.___18___If you want to buy something on impulse, force yourself to go home and think about it.
Carry snacks.
___19___. The same holds true for anything you eat out. So if you know you re going to be out for several hours and likely to get hungry, throw an apple in your car or carry a six-pack of soda or water in your bag.
Use it up.
Before you run to the store, make sure you check your fridge. There’s a good chance that you’ve got lots of unused or partially used items that will go to waste while you waste your cash buying more.___20___.
A. Make a savings plan
B. Switch to store brands
C. There are many painless ways to save
D. Choose reliable brands of well-known companies
E. Write a to-do list before you go shopping and stick to it
F. Whether it’s food or beauty care, use it up before you replace it
G. Buy a soda at a restaurant and you’re likely to pay twice as much
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. F
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。每个人都讨厌削减开支，因为这通常意味着生活中没有你喜欢的东西。文章主要介绍了几种无痛的省钱方法，这样可以让你的年度预算每年减少数千美元。
16题详解】
根据下文They could reduce your costs by thousands of dollars a year.（他们每年能为你节省数千美元。）可知是要介绍省钱的办法，可知C选项“有很多无痛的省钱方式”符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据本段内容An increasing number of grocery chains are selling their own lines of food. Actually, these brands cost vastly less than the name brands, but taste the same. Switch and you could save 25 percent on your grocery bills.（越来越多的食品连锁店开始出售自己的食品系列。实际上，这些牌子的价格比名牌便宜得多，但味道一样。换一种方式，你可以节省25%的杂费。）可知是建议转换品牌。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题Make a list.（列个清单）以及下文If you want to buy something on impulse, force yourself to go home and think about it.（ 如果你一时冲动想买东西，那就强迫自己回家好好想想。）可知是建议去购物前写一份待办事项清单并遵守，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据下文The same holds true for anything you eat out. So if you know you’re going to be out for several hours and likely to get hungry, throw an apple in your car or carry a six-pack of soda or water in your bag.（这同样适用于你在外面吃的任何东西。所以，如果你知道你要出去几个小时，很可能会饿，那就在你的车里放一个苹果，或者在包里装上半打苏打水或水。）可推知商店的东西往往很贵，因此建议带上一些零食可以省钱。故G选项“在餐馆买一杯苏打水，你可能要付两倍的价钱”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据段落标题和空格上文There’s a good chance that you’ve got lots of unused or partially used items that will go to waste while you waste your cash buying more.（很有可能你有很多没用过或部分用过的东西会被浪费掉，而你却把钱浪费在买更多的东西上。）可推知不管是食物还是美容护理，在更换之前都要用完。故选F。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共四节，满分75分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for. I sat in the car, lost in ___21___, chewing on my lip and staring outside.
I went upstairs, ___22___ and desperate. Grandpa’s door was open for me as usual. There, he was waiting for my ___23___ with great excitement. I stood silently, forcing a smile to cover my sadness. He seemed to ___24___ me immediately, giving me a hug. I was astonished that such a ___25___ body was full of so much energy.
Only then did my emotions start ___26___ out. I told him that all my ___27___ were for nothing, and that I was feeling discouraged. Grandpa smiled at me gently and said, “Don’t worry. You’re far stronger than you think.” Then he ___28___, “Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and ___29___, neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy to give up.”
He ____30____ me on the shoulder, with a determined look, before saying, “ Cheer up. I firmly ____31____ that you have the ability to succeed.” Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness disappear.
The next day, I thought about all my problems and ____32____ a plan. Now, I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure, I’ll ____33____ reach my goals.
Looking back, I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our ____34____ ones. As my grandpa showed, the ____35____ of our family members will benefit us forever.
21. A. joy B. despair C. love D. need
22. A. weak B. strong C. sweet D. simple
23. A. suggestion B. comment C. discovery D. arrival
24. A. ignore B. inspect C. read D. order
25. A. fine B. fit C. thin D. healthy
26. A. dying B. turning C. checking D. pouring
27. A. offers B. efforts C. promises D. profits
28. A. added B. shared C. helped D. served
29. A. decisions B. respects C. desires D. pains
30. A. patted B. hit C. begged D. picked
31. A. permit B. believe C. expect D. change
32. A. turned into B. came across C. cared about D. worked out
33. A. merely B. actually C. eventually D. instantly
34. A. deserved B. beloved C. determined D. excited
35. A. company B. gratitude C. support D. blame
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为没有参加申请的全国IT竞赛而感到沮丧。爷爷鼓励作者，以积极的态度对待失败，最终会达到自己的目标。作者意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步，这会受益终生。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在车里，绝望地望着外面，咬着嘴唇。A. joy快乐；B. despair绝望；C. love爱；D. need需要。根据上文“I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for.”可知，作者因为没有成功参加申请的全国IT竞赛而感到沮丧。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我虚弱而绝望地上楼。A. weak虚弱的；B. strong强壮的；C. sweet甜的；D. simple简单的。结合上文内容可知，作者因为没能参加比赛心情沮丧，所以是虚弱而绝望地上楼。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：爷爷在那里，非常激动地等待着我的回来。A. suggestion建议；B. comment评论；C. discovery发现；D. arrival到达。结合常识可知，此处是指爷爷等着作者回来，告诉他事情的结果。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎马上就看穿了我，给了我一个拥抱。A. ignore忽视；B. inspect检查；C. read阅读，看出；D. order命令。此处指爷爷。根据上文“I stood silently, forcing a smile to cover my sadness.”可知，此处是指作者的强颜欢笑被爷爷看出来了。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很震惊，这样瘦的身体却充满了能量。A. fine好的；B. fit合适的；C. thin瘦的；D. healthy健康的。结合常识可知，爷爷年龄大了，所以身体比较瘦。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到那时我的情绪才开始流露出来。A. dying死；B. turning旋转；C. checking核对；D. pouring倾泻。根据上文“I stood silently, forcing a smile to cover my sadness.”可知，作者一开始掩饰自己的情绪，直到爷爷拥抱他时，他才把情感流露出来。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他所有的努力都白费了，因此我感到灰心丧气。A. offers提议；B. efforts努力；C. promises许诺；D. profits利润。根据下文“I was feeling discouraged”可知，此处是指作者为比赛付出的努力都白费了。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充说到“生活充满了起起落落，我们需要做是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。” A. added增加，补充（说）；B. shared分享；C. helped帮助；D. served服务。结合语境可知“Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and____12____, neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy to give up.”这些话是爷爷补充说的内容。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充说到“生活充满了起起落落，我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。”A. decisions 决定；B. respects尊重；C. desires渴望；D. pains疼痛。根据“hopes and”可知，此处用“渴望”符合语境，指我们任何时候都要抱有希望和渴望。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拍了拍我的肩膀，带着坚定的表情告诉我“振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。”A. patted轻拍；B. hit击打；C. begged祈求；D. picked挑选。根据下文““ Cheer up. I firmly ___11___ that you have the ability to succeed.””可知，爷爷在安慰作者，用“拍肩膀”符合语境。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拍了拍我的肩膀，带着坚定的表情告诉我“振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。”A. permit允许；B. believe相信；C. expect期待；D. change改变。根据下文“Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness disappear.”可知，爷爷的话给了作者鼓励，由此可知，爷爷说自己相信作者有成功的能力。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我思考了所有的问题并制定了一个计划。A. turned into使变成；B. came across偶遇；C. cared about关心；D. worked out制定出，锻炼。根据“plan”可知，是制定计划。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在我相信，以积极的态度对待失败，我最终会达到我的目标。A. merely仅仅；B. actually事实上；C. eventually最后；D. instantly立刻。根据上文“Now, I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure”可知，此处是指只要用积极的态度面对失败，最后是能实现自己的目标的。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首过去，我意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步。A. deserved值得的；B. beloved心爱的；C. determined坚决的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文作者和爷爷分享自己的挫折可知，此处是指要和自己所爱的人分享挫折和进步。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将永远造福我们。A. company公司，陪伴；B. gratitude 感激；C. support支持；D. blame责备。根据上文““ Cheer up. I firmly ___11___ that you have the ability to succeed.” Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness disappear.”可知，爷爷对作者非常持支，由此可知，此处是指家人的支持会对我们有益。故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
语法填空
Exercise is one of the most important ___36___(part)of keeping your body at a healthy weight. We also know that staying fit and healthy is very vital. Exercise can help prevent weight gain. If you can’t afford to pay the gym ___37___visit every day, don’t worry—just become active throughout the day.
When you exercise___38___(regular), you are in better chances of ___39___(improve)your mood(心情). It can also increase your confidence. Besides, it will better your appearance, ___40___means your body will be in good shape. Regular exercise is also good ___41___physical fitness and good health. Apart from weight control, exercise can also delay your aging process.
___42___you don’t exercise, your muscles will become very weak. Also, your heart and lungs might not___43___(function) as well and you are more likely to get injured. Inactivity is as much of a health risk as smoking.
Make sure that an exercise plan ___44___ (make), so you can know when and what you should do. However, don’t over-exercise yourself because doing too much exercise on a daily basis will have____45____(harm)results.
【答案】36. parts
37. a 38. regularly
39. improving
40. which 41. for
42. If 43. function
44. is made
45. harmful
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了运动的积极作用以及重要性。
【36题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：运动是保持你身体在健康体重的最重要的部分之一。分析句子可知，one of + 形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数，表示“最......之一”，该用法为固定用法。故填parts。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果你负担不起每天去健身房的费用，也不要担心——每天都要活跃起来。pay a visit拜访，该短语是固定短语。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：当你有规律地锻炼时，你就有更好的机会改善你的心情。修饰动词exercise，用副词。故填regularly。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当你有规律地锻炼时，你就有更好的机会改善你的心情。分析句子结构可知，空格处应为动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填improving。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：此外，它会使你的外表更好，这意味着你的身体将处于良好的状态。分析句子结构可知，空格处应为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，用which引导该从句。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查短语。句意：经常锻炼对身体健康也有好处。分析句意可知，此处为固定搭配，be good for sth.对……有好处。故填for。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：如果你不锻炼，你的肌肉会变得很弱。分析句子结构可知，填空处应填连词连接主从句。根据句意可知，此处应填if作连词引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，符合句意。故填If。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：此外，你的心脏和肺可能无法正常工作，你更有可能受伤。情态动词might后接动词原形。故填function。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：确保制定了锻炼计划，这样你就能知道什么时候该做什么。根据句中时态可知，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。分析句子可知，make与宾语从句的主语an exercise plan为被动关系，用被动语态，an exercise plan是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填is made。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但是，不要运动过度，因为每天做太多的运动会产生有害的结果。修饰名词results，用形容词。故填harmful。
第三节单词拼写（共15题，每题1分，共15分）
46. She was scared to______________(死亡) when hearing the sound of explosion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】death
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：听到爆炸声，她吓得要死。介词to后需用名词，根据汉语提示可知，death死亡，名词，符合题意，be scared to death吓得要死，固定短语。故填death。
47. Frogs eat pests which ________ (破坏) crops and carry diseases. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】destroy
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：青蛙吃破坏庄稼和传播疾病的害虫。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。定语从句中，先行词为 pests，所以谓语动词用复数形式。故填destroy。
48. West Hampstead has a _多样化) of good shops and supermarkets. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】variety
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：西汉普斯特德有各种各样的好商店和超市。根据汉语提示推出是名词variety，固定短语a variety of，表示“各种各样的”，故填variety。
49. He was ________ (震惊) to see the terrible traffic accident. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】shocked
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：看到可怕的交通事故，他很震惊。be shocked to do sth “ 惊讶做某事”。故填shocked。
50. He stood back to ___________(欣赏) his handwork. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】admire
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他退后一步欣赏自己的手艺。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，此处用不定式表目的，且根据汉语提示可知，此处应为“admire”。故填admire。
51. The exhibition has ____________(吸引) thousands of visitors. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attracted
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个展览已经吸引了数千名参观者。根据汉语提示推出是动词attract，空前的has表明用的是现在完成时。故填attracted。
52. Her mother’s presence gave the girl a sense of peace and _____________(满足）(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】satisfaction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：母亲的出席给了女孩一种平静和满足的感觉。此空位于介词“of”后面，且根据“peace and”可知，此处应用名词作宾语，根据提示可知，此处应用抽象名词“satisfaction”。故填satisfaction。
53. His new book is to be ___________(出版) next week. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】published
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的新书将于下周出版。根据汉语提示“出版”可知，应用动词publish，此处为不定式作表语，且book与publish构成被动，应用to be done形式。故填published。
54. Since their wedding, the couple have had a happy ___________(婚姻). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】marriage
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：自从他们结婚以来，这对夫妇的婚姻一直很幸福。根据汉语提示和不定冠词a可知，用名词单数形式作宾语。故填marriage。
55. The little girl is __________(遭受) from a horrible pain in the leg. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】suffering
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个小女孩正忍受着腿部的剧痛。根据句意和句中的is可知，用现在进行时，表示正在发生的动作。故填suffering。
56. The pictures were ___________(最初地）published in the pages of a magazine. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】originally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这些照片最初刊登在一本杂志上。此处修饰动词“published”应用副词作状语。故填originally。
57. Now that we are part of the __________(全球的）village, everyone becomes a neighbour. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：既然我们是地球村的一部分，大家就成了邻居。修饰名词village，前用形容词，作定语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填global。
58. The final score of the basketball match was 93:94. We were only ____________(勉强地) beaten. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】narrowly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：篮球赛的最后比分是93:94。我们差一点就输了。根据汉语提示“勉强地”可知，应填副词narrowly，作状语，修饰后文动词beat。故填narrowly。
59. You may choose anyone from the six popular ___________(风味）of ice cream! (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】flavors/flavours
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：你可以从六种流行口味的冰淇淋中任选一种！根据汉语提示可知，flavor/flavour风味，名词，符合题意，基数词six后需用可数名词复数。故填flavors/flavours。
60. Red is a _____________(象征）of good luck in many cultures. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】symbol
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在许多文化中，红色是好运的象征。此空前面有不定冠词“a”修饰，此处应用名词，且“a symbol of...”意为“的象征……”是固定搭配。故填symbol。
第四节单句语法填空（共20题，每题1.5分，共30分）
61. Can you think of a situation __________ this word can be used. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能想出一个用这个词的场合吗？此处为定语从句修饰先行词situation，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
62. Ma Yun ___________(found) Alibaba in the 1990s. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】founded
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：马云在20世纪90年代创立了阿里巴巴。根据时间状语“in the 1990s”可知，该句描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填founded。
63. The new bridge, _______(measure) twice as long as the old one, was completed last month. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】measuring
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座新桥是那座旧桥的两倍长，上个月建成了。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，“measure”后接测量的结果，表示“长达，长度为……”，是不及物动词，不能用被动；且与主语 “The new bridge”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式定语。故填measuring。
64. You ________ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.（一定）（根据汉语提示填空）
【答案】must
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你一定是卡罗。这么多年了，你一点都没变。此处用于对现在情况的肯定推测，表示“一定”，应用情态动词“must”。故填must。
65. We should make full use of our __________(limit) life time. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】limited
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们应该充分利用我们有限的生命时间。名词life time前用形容词形式作定语。limited有限的，符合题意。故填limited。
66. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ___________ which he could see what was going on inside the house. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】through
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个聪明的男孩在墙上打了一个洞，通过这个洞他可以看到房子里发生的事情。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“hole”，在从句中作状语，表示“穿过洞”，应用介词“through”，故用“through which”引导从句。故填through。
67. This is the most interesting book _________ I have read. （用适当词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我读过的最有趣的书。分子句子结构， ① I have read. 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the most interesting book ，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，指物，且先行词被形容词最高级修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
68. This species has nearly died ________ because its habitat is being destroyed. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】out
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：由于栖息地受到破坏，这个物种几乎灭绝了。根据“its habitat is being destroyed（栖息地受到破坏）”可以推断，此处应为“这个物种几乎灭绝了”，表示“灭绝”应用“die out”，是固定搭配。故填out。
69. I didn't get an “A” in last week's English examination, so I'm determined___(work) harder from now on. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to work
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我在上周的英语考试中没有拿到“A”，所以我决定从现在开始更加努力的学习。“be determined to do sth”意为“决定做某事”是固定句型。故填to work。
70. He told the telephone operator that his call was ______ matter of life and death. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：他告诉接线员他的电话事关生死。a matter of关于…… 的问题。根据句意，故填a。
71. The doctor recommended that I _______________(stay) a few more days in hospital. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】(should) stay
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议我在医院多住几天。动词 recommend作为“建议”之意，后接宾语从句，从句用should +动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故填(should) stay。
72. As time went by, I gradually adapted myself ________ the school life. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：随着时间的流逝，我逐渐适应了学校的生活。根据句意表示“适应……”可知短语为adapt oneself to。故填to。
73. You ___________ have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.（不必）（根据汉语提示填空）
【答案】needn’t
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你本不必浇花，因为天要下雨了。分析句子可知，此处表示“过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。”应用“needn't have done”。故填needn’t。
74. My father is the first person to _________ I will turn for help when I meet difficulties. （用适当的词填空）（用适当的词填空）
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我父亲是我遇到困难时第一个寻求帮助的人。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词person，作介词to的宾语，指人，在“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句中只能用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
75. I live next door to a couple________children often make a lot of noise.(用适当的单词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹。本句为定语从句，修饰先行词couple（夫妇），且先行词在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。
76. The students are looking forward to having a chance___( explore) society for real-life experience. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to explore
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们渴望有机会去探索社会，体验现实生活。have a chance to do有机会做某事。根据句意，故填to explore。
77. She said she would do anything ________ could help her mother recover from the disease. （按要求补全句子）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她说她会做任何能帮助母亲从疾病中恢复的事情。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是anything，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用that引导，故填that。
78. _____ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】As
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如以上所提及的，高中学生的数量在增加。分析句子可知，设空出引导定语从句，先行词是逗号后面的句子，关系词在从句中充当主语，且意为“正如”，应用关系代词as。故填As。
【点睛】
79. How __________ you call me a liar?（胆敢）（根据汉语提示填空）
【答案】dare
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你怎么敢说我是骗子？分析句子可知，此句为疑问句，后接动词原形“ call”，且根据提示可知，表示“胆敢”，应填情态动词“dare”。故填dare。
80. The talks were of great ________(significant) for the relationship between the two countries. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】significance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些会谈对两国关系具有重要意义。此空位于介词“of”后面，有形容词“great”修饰，用名词作宾语，且“be of great significance for”意为“对……有重要意义”是固定搭配，故应用抽象名词“significance”。故填significance。
第三部分：书面表达（25分）
81. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jim and Andy walked along the beach,looking for an adventure.They joked that some day they would find a talking fish or a mermaid(美人鱼）or a bottle with a treasure map inside.So far they had only found shells and rocks and seaweed.Today though was different.The boys felt excited.
Sea crabs(螃蟹）scampered(奔跑）on the rocks,up one side and down the other.They were quick and lively.The tide didn't seem to ever wash them away. Then Jim saw a fish. It was stranded（搁浅）on the beach,just flopping(笨拙移动） around.
＂Can it talk?"Andy asked.
＂It looks like any other fish,"Jim said.He picked it up gently and carried it to the water.
＂Do you think it will grant us any wishes?"Andy laughed.
The boys watched as the silver fish sped off through the water."No.Maybe next time."Jim grinned.
As the two friends walked farther down the beach they came upon a bottle.It was green with a cork （软木塞）in the mouth.
＂Our luck will change.Does it have a map inside or a genie(神怪）？＂joked Andy. Andy reached down and picked up the bottle.He rubbed it.Nothing happened.He pulled on the cork. Nothing happened. He shook it. Nothing happened.
“Try the cork again.I bet the genie is waiting for us to release him.Or we'll find a treasure map and have a real adventure,"Jim exclaimed.
Andy tugged(用力拉）again on the cork. He wiggled(扭动）it back and forth.He twisted（旋转；扭）it around and around. Finally, it popped out(弹出）without breaking.Andy shook the bottle.Nothing came out.Looking inside he couldn't see anything.Jim looked too and shook his head. Empty.
＂It's just an old wine bottle,"Jim complained. He grabbed the bottle and tossed(扔）it back onto the sand.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
The bottle hit a rock and shattered(破碎）into many pieces.
Paragraph 2:
Two boys ran after it.
【答案】Paragraph 1
The bottle hit a rock and shattered into many pieces.Both Andy and Jim gasped as they saw a long,silver key on the ground in the glass pieces.Then they looked at each other. Why didn't it make any noise when they shook the bottle?Why didn't they see it?Andy bent over to pick up the key.Suddenly the glass pieces came together to form a bottle again.The key was mysteriously back inside!And the bottle began rolling slowly toward the sea.
Paragraph 2
Two boys ran after it.When they entered the sea,astonishingly they didn't sink into the water but floated on the surface of it.They felt excited.They followed the bottle and then it stopped near an island where there was lots of treasure like diamonds and stones."You can take as much as possible,"a voice came from the coast where a talking fish was swimming.It was the stranded fish that Jim saved and put back into the water.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇读后续写。文章讲述了Jim和Andy想在海边寻宝，挽救了一条搁浅的鱼，看到了一个瓶子的故事。
【详解】续写部分分为两段，根据第一段开头：瓶子撞到一块石头上，摔得粉碎。由此可构思本段细节∶瓶子碎了，Andy和Jim看见一把银(silver)钥匙掉在地上，Andy弯腰想拾起(pick up期匙。突然瓶子(bottle)又完好如初，钥匙又回到里面了。注意与第二段开头的衔接；第二段开头：两个男孩追了出去，可构思本段细节∶两个孩子跟着瓶子跑。他们进入海里时没有下沉而是漂浮在海上。他们感到很兴奋(felt excited)。瓶子把他们带到一个岛屿附近，那儿有很多财宝——是那条搁浅(stranded)的鱼来报恩的，可以增添合理的情节，但是要注意与原文的融合。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Both Andy and Jim gasped as they saw a long, silver key on the ground in the glass pieces.这句话运用了as引导的时间状语从句；本文也使用了一些固定词组，如bend over ; pick up; run after等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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