高中英语Grammar and usage备课课件ppt

Unit 4 Exploring poetry S2

Ⅰ. 单词拼写

1. Several colleges in our study have __________ (死板的) rules about student conduct.

2. The company has put in a __________ (声明) for damages.

3. The technology will __________ (经历) further improvements.

4. The new railway will benefit the __________(地区).

5. In an __________ (理想的) world there would be no poverty and disease.

6. __________ (因此), there is a real concern throughout Europe about the damage to the forest environment which threatens these three basic roles.

7. The __________ (时代) when foreign goods flooded the Chinese market is gone for ever.

8. Many people __________ (提倡) building more hospitals.

9. The __________(工业化) of food production has, up to now, made it possible to feed the world's growing population.

10. It hurts when I __________ (弯曲) my knee.

【答案】　1.rigid　2.claim　3.undergo　4.district　5.ideal　6.Hence　7. era　8.advocate　9.industrialization　10.bend

Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空

1. We cannot __________(emphasis) the importance of health too much because it lays the foundation for all of our daily activities.

2. He remained his __________(believe) that he had done the right thing.

3. The award­winning __________(novel) often has three or four books on the go at once.

4. It is considered one of the most __________(romance) restaurants in the city.

5. Letters of __________(complain) continue to pour in.

6. There were many __________(talent) actors out there just waiting to be discovered.

7. She wanted the __________(celebrate) to be a simple family affair.

8. Their __________(culture) backgrounds gave them a spirit of adventure.

9. The government should ensure __________(equal) of opportunity for all children.

10. This chemical has a wide range of __________(industry) uses.

【答案】　1.emphasize　2.belief　3.novelist　4.romantic　5.complaint　6.talented  7．celebration　8.cultural　9.equality　10.industrial

Ⅲ. 选择合适的短语完成句子

break with, put emphasis on, be pleased with, have a huge impact on, follow rigid rules， look down, focus on, together with, be filled with, the beauty of nature

1. The teacher should ____________________ the importance of the Internet in their classes.

2. You had better ____________________ your bad habits.

3. She ____________________ her child's good behaviour.

4. It's such a small thing, but it can ____________________ your life.

5. Maybe you should work it out ____________________ your parents.

6. Imagine sitting on the beach and enjoying ____________________.

7. The channel's schedules ____________________ old films and repeats.

8. If she refuses to ____________________ about car safety, she won't be allowed to use the car.

9. We should respect others and never ____________________ on them with their jobs, or disabilities.

10. Each exercise ____________________ a different grammar point.

【答案】　1.put emphasis on　2.break with　3.is pleased with　4.have a huge impact on  5．together with　6.the beauty of nature　7.are filled with　8.follow rigid rules 　9.look down 10．focuses on

Ⅳ. 完成句子

1. 他得与过去彻底告别。

He needed to make a complete________________________________________.

2. 你对自己说的话很能影响你的自信。

What you say to yourself can________________________________________.

3. 我们的生活充满了必须要做的事情。

__________________________ things we need to do.

4. 这所学校注重学生独立解决问题的能力。

This school ____________________________________ to solve problems independently.

5. 社会工作不同于其他职业， 因为我们关注人与环境。

Social work is different from other professions, because we ___________________________.

【答案】　1.decided to break with the past　2.have a huge impact on your self­confidence　3.Our lives are filled with　4.puts emphasis on students' ability　5.focus on people and environment

Ⅴ. 阅读理解

A

(2020～2021学年河南省开封市高二上学期五县联考期末)

Shakespeare once wrote that all the world is a stage, but these days it's more like a movie set. Get to know some films to find fantastic film locations (地点) you should check out on your travels.

The Sound of Music

Austria's hills are certainly alive with the sound of music and tourists. Mozart may have been born in Salzburg, but The Sound of Music really put it on the map and now about 70 percent of people visit it because of the movie. Cross Residenzplatz Square and visit the Palace of Leopoldskron where the children in the film fell into the lake.

Troy

Although the Palace of Troy was filmed on sets built at Shepperton Studios in the UK, most of the 2004 movie was shot in Malta and Baja California, Mexico, Malta with historic sites and beautiful blue waters was a good choice to replace Greece. Troy was shot at a host of locations, including Golden Bay, Hal Far as well as Fort Ricasoli (where the city of Troy was constructed). The Trojan horse from the film is now lying on the waterfront in Canakkale, Turkey.

Bridget Jones's Diary

Bridget Jones is brought to life as we watch the work and romance in London. Her special corner flat is above the Globe Tavern by Borough Market, one of the city's oldest and biggest food markets. According to The Telegraph, it would be highly unlikely that she could afford to buy a place like that today since it has risen in value by more than 240 percent.

Harry Potter

J．K. Rowling started writing the Harry Potter books while she was living in Edinburgh, Scotland, so it's no surprise that she set most of the story there. The Hogwarts Express travels through the Scottish Highlands and along the 31 meters high Glenfinnan Viaduct. The second highest waterfall in the UK, Steal Falls can be seen during Quidditch matches.

1. What does the author mean by saying “Shakespeare once wrote that all the world is a stage, but these days it's more like a movie set”？

A. More movies will need more sets.

B. More and more films are being made.

C. All the world has become a huge stage for arts.

D. Many places have become famous because they were used as movie sets.

2. Which of the following films have background in more than one country?

A. The Sound of Music.   B. Troy.

C. Bridget Jones's Diary.   D. Harry Potter.

3. What do the last two films have in common?

A. Both of them are mainly about romance.  B. Both authors lived in the same house.

C. Most of their stories were set in the UK.   D. They cause the prices of houses to rise.

【答案及解析】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些著名电影拍摄片场的景点城市。

1．D　句意猜测题。根据文章第一句“Shakespeare once wrote that all the world is a stage, but these days it's more like a movie set.”(莎士比亚曾经说世界就是舞台，但是如今世界更像是电影片场)以及下文四部影片拍摄片场的旅游城市介绍可推断出，作者说这句话的意思是许多城市因为作为电影拍摄片场而出名。故选D。

2．B　细节理解题。根据Troy部分“Although the Palace of Troy was filmed on sets built at Shepperton Studios in the UK, most of the 2004 movie was shot in Malta and Baja California, Mexico, Malta with historic sites and beautiful blue waters was a good choice to replace Greece.”(尽管特洛伊宫是在英国谢泼顿电影制片厂拍摄的，但2004年的大部分影片都是在马耳他和下加利福尼亚、墨西哥拍摄的，马耳他有历史遗迹，美丽的蓝色水域是取代希腊的好选择)可知，《特洛伊》这部电影的拍摄背景分别在英国、 马耳他、 下加利福尼亚和墨西哥这几个国家，即《特洛伊》这部电影的背景在一个以上的国家。故选B。

3．C　细节理解题。根据Bridget Jones's Diary部分“Bridget Jones is brought to life as we watch the work and romance in London.Her special corner flat is above the Globe Tavern by Borough Market, one of the city's oldest and biggest food markets.”(当在伦敦观看这部作品和浪漫时，布丽奇特·琼斯被赋予了生命。她特别的街角公寓就在博罗市场旁的环球酒店的楼上，这是该市最古老、最大的食品市场之一。)及Harry Potter部分“J.K.Rowling started writing the Harry Potter books while she was living in Edinburgh, Scotland, so it's no surprise that she set most of the story there.”(J.K.罗琳开始写《哈利波特》时她住在英格兰的爱丁堡，所以她把大部分故事以那里为背景就不足为奇了)可知，英国是这两部电影的共同拍摄地。故选C。

B

(2020～2021学年江苏省常州市高二上学期期末)

Minimalism (极简主义) is hot, culturally, and for years, science has assured us that it was also the path to the greatest happiness. The popular wisdom is that people who want the most happiness for their money should buy experiences, not things. The idea is that joy of an experience begins before it even starts, and continues when you look back on the fancy dinner or vacation. Experiences provide, in other words, both more anticipatory (预期) happiness and afterglow (回味) happiness.

But a recent study suggests that sweaters and iPhones might make you just as happy, in a way, as concerts do. There is a third type of happiness —momentary happiness — and it tends to last longer with material goods because people use them for more time than they typically experience their experiences for.

For the study, researchers Aaron Weidman and Elizabeth Dunn from the University of British Columbia gave 67 participants $20 to spend on either an experiential or material purchase of their choice, and then to report one experiential or material gift they had recently received. Then they quizzed them about their happiness levels.

They found that the study subjects gained more frequent momentary happiness from material goods, but stronger momentary happiness from the experiences. In other words, they enjoyed their material goods on a greater number of occasions than they did their experiences even though the happiness felt from the experiences was slightly stronger.

So should you spend much money on the latest iThing or on Hamilton tickets? “It depends on whether you are seeking a strong but fleeting form of happiness，” Weidman and Dunn write, “or a more subtle (微弱的), frequent form of happiness that will last for weeks or months.”

4. What did the study of Weidman and Dunn find about happiness?

A. Minimalism can bring real happiness.

B. Experiences bring stronger momentary happiness.

C. People should buy fewer materials in order to be happy.

D. Experiences can provide more frequent momentary happiness.

5. Which of the following can bring more frequent momentary happiness?

A. Enjoying an opera.           B. Attending a birthday party.

C. Travelling around the world.   D. Buying a desired bicycle.

6. What does the underlined word “fleeting” in the last paragraph mean?

A. Short.       B. Lasting.   C. Equal.     D. Mixed.

7. What's the author's attitude towards material purchase?

A. Favorable.   B. Doubtful.   C. Neutral.   D. Cautious.

【答案及解析】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了最新研究表明人们更频繁地从物质商品中获得短暂的快乐，但从经历中获得的短暂快乐更强烈。

4．B　细节理解题。根据第四段“他们发现，研究对象更频繁地从物质商品中获得短暂的快乐，但从经历中获得的短暂快乐更强烈。换句话说，他们享受物质财富的次数要比他们体验的次数多，尽管这种体验带来的幸福感略强一些。”可知，魏德曼和邓恩在研究中发现了经历能带来更强烈的短暂快乐。故选B。

5．D　细节理解题。根据第四段中“They found that the study subjects gained more frequent momentary happiness from material goods, but stronger momentary happiness from the experiences.(他们发现，研究对象更频繁地从物质商品中获得短暂的快乐，但从经历中获得的短暂快乐更强烈)”及结合选项可知，心仪的自行车是物质商品，购买它能带来更频繁的短暂的快乐。故选D。

6．A　词义猜测题。划线词所在句是由whether…or…连接的选择并列成分，前后形成对比，a strong but fleeting form of happiness与下文a more subtle (微弱的), frequent form of happiness(一种更微弱、更频繁的幸福)形成对比。由此推知，a strong but fleeting form of happiness意为“一种强烈但转瞬即逝的幸福”，划线词与short意思接近。故选A。

7．C　推理判断题。根据全文，尤其是最后一段可知，作者客观介绍了对物质购买的研究，没有发表自己的观点，因此作者是中立的态度。故选C。

Ⅵ. 语法填空

(2020～2021学年安徽省黄山市高二上学期期末考试)

Friendship is an important theme in all kinds of art. 1.__________ straightforward or implicit(含蓄的), it shows up in poetry from around the world.

The seven­character poem To Wang Lun, 2.__________(write) by Tang poet Li Bai(701－762), is a good example of poetry that 3.__________(carry) this theme. It describes a scene in which the poet's friend Wang Lun, hurries to see him off, 4.__________(show) true friendship.

While the poem starts with ordinary images, it ends with passionate and sincere emotions. Li uses simile(明喻) to state that however deep the water may be, it still pales in front of 5.__________ (they) deep friendship. The poet aims 6.__________(avoid) praising the friendship directly, 7.__________ would be much less poetic.

The first two lines give us background information. Li is on 8.__________ boat, about to travel. 9.__________(sudden), he hears someone singing on the shore. The starting lines are so plain and simple that they almost read like prose(散文). They even contain names, something rarely seen in 10.__________ (tradition) Chinese poetry. It shows Li's character—he is free and wild.

【答案及解析】　本文是一篇说明文。这是一篇诗歌鉴赏，主要介绍了李白的著名诗篇《赠汪伦》。

1．Whether　考查连词。句意：不管是直白的还是含蓄的，它在世界各地的诗歌中都有所体现。根据句意可知，此处用whether…or…“不管……还是……”，引导让步状语从句，注意首字母要大写。故填Whether。

2．written　考查非谓语动词。句意：唐代诗人李白(701－762)写的七言诗《赠汪伦》就是体现这一主题的一个好例子。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语poem与write之间为动宾关系，所以write用过去分词。故填written。

3．carries　考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析可知，此处为定语从句谓语动词，that为关系代词，指代先行词example，为第三人称单数，结合is，所以此处用一般现在时。故填carries。

4．showing　考查非谓语动词。句意：它描写了诗人的朋友汪伦赶去送行的一幕，展示了真正的友谊。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，show与句子主语it之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填showing。

5．their　考查代词。句意：李用明喻来说明，无论水有多深，在他们深厚的友谊面前，仍然黯然失色。形容词性物主代词修饰名词friendship。故填their。

6．to avoid　考查非谓语动词。句意：诗人的目的是避免直接赞美友谊，那样就没有那么诗意了。aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”。故填to avoid。

7．which　考查定语从句。句意同上。空白处及之后的内容为定语从句，修饰前文整个句子，从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。

8．a　考查冠词。句意：诗的前两行给我们提供了背景信息。李在一艘船上，准备出发。boat为可数名词单数，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且boat的发音是辅音音素开头，应用冠词a。故填a。

9．Suddenly　考查副词。句意：突然，他听到有人在岸边唱歌。修饰整个句子要用副词，注意首字母大写。故填Suddenly。

10．traditional　考查形容词。句意：它们甚至还有名字，这在中国传统诗歌中很少见。形容词修饰名词poetry。故填traditional。

Ⅶ. 应用文写作

(2020～2021学年江苏省连云港市高二上学期期末调研)

假定你是李华， 你的英国朋友Williams想学习中国相声。请你给他回一封电子邮件， 内容包括：

1. 相声的简介；

2. 著名的演员；

3. 学习相声的条件。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯；

3. 开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。

Dear Williams，

So glad to know you are keen on Chinese crosstalk. _______________________

_____________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Hope that it can be of help to you.

Yours，

Li Hua

One possible version：

Dear Williams，

So glad to know you are keen on Chinese crosstalk.

It is a traditional form of comedy with a history of over 150 years.In crosstalk, the performers talk together, do impressions, tell jokes and sing, making people laugh.

Crosstalk masters such as Zhu Shaowen, Hou Baolin and Ma Sanli used to bring great joy to Chinese people. Now in Beijing, a good place to enjoy crosstalk is Deyunshe, hosted by Guo Degang.

To learn to perform crosstalk, you have to speak Chinese and have a good knowledge of Chinese culture.

Hope that it can be of help to you.

Yours，

Li Hua

Ⅷ. 读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Carter enjoyed riding the school bus home. The ride home gave him some time to relax after a busy day of fifth grade. He usually sat alone, and he enjoyed that too. With four siblings(兄弟姐妹) he didn't get much alone time.

The bus stopped and the tallest boy in his class, Dexter Fisher, stepped off followed by his younger brother, Billy. Their house was the last stop before Carter's house. As the bus pulled away, Carter looked back over his shoulder to watch the boys. Dexter was yelling and waving his hands at his little brother. Billy said something Carter could not hear. Dexter yelled something and gave his younger brother a hard shove (猛推) and knocked him to the ground.

Carter leaned toward the window to get a better view. Billy was still on the ground and Dexter was walking away. Carter watched as Billy wiped at his eyes. The poor kid was crying.

Carter turned in his seat. He felt nauseous(恶心的). He hated seeing little kids get picked on. It just wasn't right. The sight of Billy on the ground crying was burned into his memory. He tried to think of something else.

He thought of the model car he was working on at home, a 1967 Corvette. He started building it over a week ago and just finished putting it together last night. Tonight, as soon as he finished his homework, he could start painting the car. That was his favorite part. He already had the perfect color of blue picked out.

He hurried off the bus, ran through his yard, and breezed through the kitchen with a quick hello to his mom. She was making spaghetti—his favorite. It smelled delicious.

He ran up the stairs two at a time and rushed into his room.

“Surprise！” his brother Jackson said, throwing his arms into the air.

Carter looked down at his desk in horror. His Corvette! Jackson had painted it red. An awful dull shade of red that didn't look good on a car at all. Like the color of Dad's tractor!

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Carter's heart started to beat faster while his breath was coming faster too.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________After hearing what Jackson explained, Carter felt really guilty.___________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

One possible version：

Carter's heart started to beat faster while his breath was coming faster too. “Why would you do that？” Carter couldn't help curling his hands into fists and shouted at the top of his lungs.“I wanted to surprise you！” Jackson replied with tears brimming in his eyes. Then Jackson was trying to say something, but Carter was so angry that he couldn't even hear. “What？” he snapped.Jackson stammered to explain that it was all his fault and he just wanted to send Carter a unique present since Carter's birthday was approaching.

After hearing what Jackson explained, Carter felt really guilty. Carter took a deep breath and went on to look at his brother. Red paint was smeared across his brother's cheek, forehead and even hair. Seeing this, Carter knew that his brother was horrible at painting. Besides, Carter remembered Billy Fisher sitting on the ground wiping at his eyes as his big brother Dexter walked away.Carter stepped toward Jackson, “This car is special to me. Every time I look at it, I'm going to think of you.” An enormous smile stretched across both Carter's and Jackson's face.Nothing is more precious than a surprise from brother.