2022年中考英语语法专题复习学案主谓一致

这是一份2022年中考英语语法专题复习学案主谓一致，共3页。
语法一致表示谓语动词与主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
谓语动词用单数的情况：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①单数名词、不可数名词、单三人称。
He exercises every day. 他每天锻炼。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句。
T be a pilt is his dream. 当一名飞行员是他的梦想。
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③either, neither, each, every或n+单数名词，以及由sme, any, every, n构成的复合不定代词。
Neither answer is crrect. 两个答案都不对。
Smene is waiting fr yu. 有人在等你。
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④the number f +可数名词复数+谓单
The number f students in ur class is 30.我们班学生的数量是30.
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤ne f +可数名词复数+谓单
One f my favurite films is Cinderella. 我最喜欢的电影之一是灰姑娘。
谓语动词用复数的情况：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①复数名词、复数代词。
They exercise every day. 他们每天锻炼。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②a number f +可数名词复数
A number f birds are n the island. 在岛上有大量的鸟儿。
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③连接两个名词作主语
Bth Jack and Henry like reading bks. 杰克和亨利都喜欢读书。
特殊情况：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①名词前有分数、百分数、a lt f, lts f, plenty f, the rest f等修饰，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。
Three fifths f the frest was destryed. 五分之三的森林被毁坏了。
70 percent f the students are natives. 70％的学生是本地人。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②主语后跟有with, tgether with, alng with, except, but, like, as well as等词时，谓语动词与主语保持一致（靠前原则）。
Susan with her family wrks n the farm. 苏珊和她的家人在农场上干活。
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③名词前有量词pair, kind 等修饰，谓语动词与量词保持一致。
A pair f shes is under the bed. 床下面有一双鞋。
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④主语后有定语从句修饰，谓语动词与先行词保持一致。
The bys wh are playing basketball are students. 打篮球的那些男孩都是学生。
同步练习：
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
I like teachers wh _________(be) always friendly, helpful and fair t each student.
Bth Tny and Lucy ________(be) my best friends. We have a lt in cmmn.
My mther with her friends ften ________(g) shpping n weekends.
Everyne ________(have) their wn ideas.
Each f the students ________(be) asked t take a dictinary t the English class.
Mike ften ________ (live) with his brther.
Hw ld _________ (be) yur grandma and grandpa?
The number f the frests __________ (fall) by 20percent in the past few years.
10% f the students __________ (g) t schl n ft.
A pair f glves _________ (be) quite enugh.
II． 单项选择
( )1. As we all knw, using public chpsticks _____necessary when we eat with thers.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( )2. Peter with his classmates _____ fr the bus when the earthquake happened.
A. is waiting B. was waiting C. are waiting D. were waiting
( )3. —The number f turists ____ ver 33 millin this year.
一Yes. A large number f turists ____ s far because f the new lk f ur city.
A. is;have cme B. is;has cme C. are;has cme D. are;have cme
( )4. ______ f the farmland here _____ with rice.
A. Tw thirds;is cvering B. Tw third;is cvered
C. Secnd third;are cvering D. Tw thirds;is cvered
( )5. Everyne except Ted and Jake _____studying fr the final test nw.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
( )6. Each f these students ______a different habit frm each ther.
A.have B.having C.had D.has
( )7. T be a gd persn _____ t have peace f mind and gd deeds.
A. is B. are C. being D. t be
( )8. One f famus Chinese actrs _____arrested(逮捕) by plice last mnth.
is B. are C. was D.were
考点二：意义一致原则
意义一致就是概念一致，即谓语动词的形式要和主语所表达的概念一致。
1. 表示时间、长度、距离、价格、金钱、重量、数学运算等的词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Tw years is a lng time. 两年是一段很长的时间。
Tw plus three equals five. 2+3=5
集体名词（如peple, plice, Chinese等）作主语，谓语动词用复数。
The plice are running after a thief. 警察们正在追赶一个小偷。
the +姓氏复数（表示“一家人”或“夫妇”），the +形容词（表示一类人）作主语， 谓语动词用复数。
The Greens enjy travelling arund the wrld. 格林夫妇喜欢环游世界。
复数主语+each (each作同位语), 谓语动词用复数。
We each have ur wn dream. 我们每个人都有自己的梦想。
集体名词（如family, class, grup, team等），表示整体概念时谓语动词用单数，表示集体中的成员时谓语动词用复数。
His family is ging t mve. 他家要搬走了。（强调整体）
My family all like watching TV. 我们全家都喜欢看电视。（强调成员个体）
and 连接的两个并列主语指同一概念（and 后无限定词）时，谓语动词用单数。
The actr and singer was invited t the party. 那位演员兼歌手应邀参加派对。（指同一人）
同步练习：
I．单项选择
( )1. Cindy invited me t her hme yesterday. Her family ____very nice and made me feel at hme.
is B. was C. are D. were
( )2. Tw mnths _______ a lng time. We can visit ur grandparents during the vacatin.
A .am B .is C .are D .will be
( )3.The famus writer and teacher ften _______in this park.
A.run B.runs C.ran D.is running
( )4. —The talent shw Yuth With Yu(青春有你) is becming htter and htter nline.
—Exactly. Half f ur class _____interested in it recently.
is B.are C.was D.were
( )5. The ld ______ gd care f in ur cuntry.
is taken B. are taken C. was taken D. were taken
考点三： 就近一致原则
就近一致即谓语动词与离它最近的主语部分保持一致。
或者或者 ；既不也不； nt (als)...不但而且；不是而是；... r ... 或者 连接两个主语时谓语动词就近原则。
Either yu r he has t stay at hme this afternn. 今天下午要么你要么他得待在家里。
Nt nly yu but als yur mther is ging there. 不但你，而且你妈妈也要去那儿。
There be 句型和Here be 句型 中的be动词与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
There is a river and tw big trees there. 那边有一条河和两棵大树。
同步练习：
( )1.---What’s in the picture n the wall?---There ___sme students and a teacher playing sccer n the playgrund.
A. has B. are C. is D. have
( )2. Nt nly Jim but als his sister _____a few cities in the suth since they came t China.
A. have visited B. has visited C. visited D. visits
( )3. Either the students r the teacher______ him very well.
A. knws B. t knw C. knw D. knwing
( )4. Neither Tm nr I______ interested in playing WeChat.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
( )5. There are many websites n the Internet and there ____a lt f useful ____ n the websites.
A. are; infrmatins B. are; infrmatin C. is; infrmatin D. is; infrmatins